High Voltage Shareware/high1.zip/high1/DIR25/N8FCC.ZIP/N8FCCB.EXE/POOL4B.TXT

Text File | 1991-03-18 | 140KB | 4,700 lines

4BA 1A.1  B
What exclusive frequency privileges in the 80-meter wavelength band are
authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?

 A. 3525-3775 kHz
 B. 3500-3525 kHz
 C. 3700-3750 kHz
 D. 3500-3550 kHz


4BA 1A.2  A
What exclusive frequency privileges in the 75-meter wavelength band are
authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?

 A. 3750-3775 kHz
 B. 3800-3850 kHz
 C. 3775-3800 kHz
 D. 3800-3825 kHz


4BA 1A.3  A
What exclusive frequency privileges in the 40-meter wavelength band are
authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?

 A. 7000-7025 kHz
 B. 7000-7050 kHz
 C. 7025-7050 kHz
 D. 7100-7150 kHz


4BA 1A.4  D
What exclusive frequency privileges in the 20-meter wavelength band are
authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?

 A. 14.100-14.175 MHz and 14.150-14.175 MHz
 B. 14.000-14.125 MHz and 14.250-14.300 MHz
 C. 14.025-14.050 MHz and 14.100-14.150 MHz
 D. 14.000-14.025 MHz and 14.150-14.175 MHz


4BA 1A.5  C
What exclusive frequency privileges in the 15-meter wavelength band are
authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?

 A. 21.000-21.200 MHz and 21.250-21.270 MHz
 B. 21.050-21.100 MHz and 21.150-21.175 MHz
 C. 21.000-21.025 MHz and 21.200-21.225 MHz
 D. 21.000-21.025 MHz and 21.250-21.275 MHz


4BA 1B.1  A
What is a spurious emission as defined by part 97?

 A. An emission, on frequencies outside the necessary bandwidth of a
    transmission, the level of which may be reduced without affecting
    the information being transmitted
 B. An emission, on frequencies outside the necessary bandwidth of a
    transmission, the level of which exceeds 25 microwatts
 C. An emission, on frequencies outside the necessary bandwidth of a
    transmission, the level of which exceeds 10 microwatts
 D. An emission, on frequencies outside the amateur bands, the level
    of which exceeds 10 microwatts


4BA 1B.2  B
How much must the mean power of any spurious emission from an
amateur transmitter be attenuated when the carrier frequency is below 30 MHz
and the mean transmitted power is equal to or greater than 5 watts?

 A. At least 30 dB below the mean power of the fundamental, and less than
    25 mW
 B. At least 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental, and less than
    50 mW
 C. At least 30 dB below the mean power of the fundamental, and less than
    50 mW
 D. At least 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental, and less than
    25 mW


4BA 1B.3  D
How much must the mean power of any spurious emission from an
amateur transmitter be attenuated when the carrier frequency is above 30 MHz
but below 225 MHz and the mean transmitted power is greater than 25 watts?

 A. At least 30 dB below mean power of the fundamental
 B. At least 40 dB below mean power of the fundamental
 C. At least 50 dB below mean power of the fundamental
 D. At least 60 dB below mean power of the fundamental


4BA 1B.4  D
What can the FCC require the licensee to do if any spurious radiation from an
amateur station causes harmful interference to the reception of another radio
station?

 A. Reduce the spurious emissions to 0 dB below the fundamental
 B. Observe quiet hours and pay a fine
 C. Forfeit the station license and pay a fine
 D. Eliminate or reduce the interference


4BA 1C.1  B
What are the points of communication for an amateur station?

 A. Other amateur stations only
 B. Other amateur stations and other stations authorized by the FCC to
    communicate with amateurs
 C. Other amateur stations and stations in the Personal Radio Service
 D. Other amateur stations and stations in the Aviation or Private Land
    Mobile Radio Services


4BA 1C.2  B
With which stations may an amateur station communicate?

 A. Amateur, RACES and FCC Monitoring stations
 B. Amateur stations and any other stations authorized by the FCC to
    communicate with amateur stations
 C. Amateur stations only
 D. Amateur stations and US Government stations


4BA 1C.3  A
Under what circumstances, if any, may an amateur station communicate with a
non-amateur station?

 A. Only during emergencies and when the Commission has authorized the
    non-amateur station to communicate with amateur stations
 B. Under no circumstances
 C. Only when the state governor has authorized that station to communicate
    with amateurs
 D. Only during Public Service events in connection with REACT groups


4BA 1D.1  B
With what rules must US citizens comply with operating an amateur station
aboard any craft or vessel registered in the US while in international waters
or airspace?

 A. The FCC rules contained in Part 15
 B. The FCC rules contained in Part 97
 C. The IARU rules governing international operation
 D. There are no rules governing amateur operation in international
    waters


4BA 1E.1  A
An amateur station is installed on board a ship or aircraft in a
compartment separate from the main radio installation. What other conditions
must the amateur operator comply with?

 A. The amateur operation must be approved by the master of the ship
    of the captain of the aircraft
 B. There must be an approved antenna switch included, so the amateur can
    use the ship or aircraft antennas, transmitting only when the main
    radios are not in use
 C. The amateur station must have a power supply that is completely
    independent of the ship or aircraft power
 D. The amateur operator must have an FCC Marine or Aircraft
    endorsement on his or her amateur license


4BA 1E.2  B
What types of licenses or permits are required before an amateur operator may
transmit from a vessel registered in the US?

 A. No amateur license is required outside of international waters
 B. Any amateur operator/primary station license or reciprocal permit for
    alien amateur licensee issued by the FCC
 C. Only amateurs holding General class or higher licenses may transmit
    from a vessel registered in the US
 D. Only an Amateur Extra class licensee may operate aboard a vessel
    registered in the US


4BA 2A.1  A
What is an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee?

 A. An FCC authorization to a holder of an amateur license issued by
    certain foreign governments to operate an amateur station in the
    United States and its possessions
 B. An FCC permit to allow a United States licensed amateur to operate his
    station in a foreign nation, except Canada
 C. An FCC permit allowing a foreign licensed amateur to handle traffic
    between the United States and the amateur's own nation, subject to the FCC
    rules on traffic handling and third-party messages
 D. An FCC permit to a commercial telecommunications company allowing that
    company to pay amateurs to handle traffic during emergencies


4BA 2B.1  B
Who is eligible for an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee?

 A. Anyone holding a valid amateur operator/primary station license issued
    by a foreign government
 B. Anyone holding a valid amateur operator/primary station license issued
    by a foreign government with which the United States has a reciprocal
    operating agreement, providing that person is not a United States citizen
 C. Anyone who holds a valid amateur operator/primary station license issued
    by a foreign government with which the United States has a reciprocal
    operating agreement
 D. Anyone other than a United States citizen who holds a valid Amateur
    Radio or shortwave listener's license issued by a foreign government


4BA 2B.2  A
Under what circumstances, if any, is a US citizen holding a foreign Amateur
Radio license eligible to obtain an FCC Reciprocal Operating Permit?

 A. A US Citizen is not eligible to obtain a Reciprocal Operating Permit
    for use in the United States
 B. Only if the applicant brings his or her equipment from the foreign
    country
 C. Only if that person is unable to qualify for a United States amateur
    license
 D. If the applicant does not hold an FCC license as of the date of
    application, but had held a US amateur license other than Novice class
    less than 10 years before the date of application


4BA 2C.1  C
What are the operator frequency privileges authorized by an FCC reciprocal
permit for alien amateur licensee?

 A. Those authorized to a holder of the equivalent United States amateur
    license, unless the FCC specifies otherwise by endorsement on the
    permit
 B. Those that the holder of the reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee
    would have if he were in his own country
 C. Only those frequencies permitted to United States amateurs that the
    holder of the reciprocal permit for alien amateur lincensee would have
    in his own country, unless the FCC specifies otherwise
 D. Only those frequencies approved by the International Amateur Radio
    Union, unless the FCC specifies otherwise


4BA 2D.1  C
How does an alien operator identify an amateur station when operating
under an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee?

 A. By using only his or her own call
 B. By using his or her own call, followed by the city and state in the
    United States or possessions closest to his or her present location
 C. By using his or her own call, followed by the letter(s) and number
    indicating the United States call-letter district of his or her
    location at the time of the contact, with the city and state nearest
    the location specified once during the contact
 D. By using his or her own call sign, followed by the serial number of the
    reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee and the call-letter district
    number of his or her present location


4BA 3A.1  B
What is RACES?

 A. An Amateur Radio network for providing emergency communications during
    long-distance athletic contests
 B. The radio amateur civil emergency service
 C. The Radio Amateur Corps for Engineering Services
 D. An Amateur Radio network providing emergency communications for
    transoceanic boat or aircraft races


4BA 3B.1  A
What is the purpose of RACES?

 A. To provide civil-defense communications during emergencies
 B. To provide emergency communications for transoceanic boat or aircraft
    races
 C. To provide routine and emergency communications for long-distance
    athletic events
 D. To provide routine and emergency communications for large-scale
    international events, such as the Olympic games


4BA 3C.1  C
With what other organization must an amateur station be registered before
RACES registration is permitted?

 A. The Amateur Radio Emergency Service
 B. The US Department of Defense
 C. A civil defense organization
 D. The Amateur Auxiliary to the FCC Field Operations Bureau


4BA 3D.1  D
Who may be the control operator of a RACES station?

 A. Anyone who holds a valid FCC amateur operator's license other than
    Novice
 B. Only an Amateur Extra class licensee
 C. Anyone who holds an FCC amateur operator/primary station license other
    than Novice and is certified by a civil defense organization
 D. Anyone who holds an FCC amateur operator/primary station license and is
    certified by a civil defense organization


4BA 3E.1  A
What additional operator privileges are granted to an Amateur Extra class
operator registered with RACES?

 A. None
 B. Permission to operate CW on 5167.5 kHz
 C. Permission to operate an unattended HF packet radio station
 D. Permission to operate on the 237-MHz civil defense band


4BA 3F.1  D
What frequencies are normally available for RACES operation?

 A. Only those frequencies authorized by the ARRL Section Emergency
    Coordinator
 B. Only those frequencies listed in Section 97.8
 C. Only transmitting frequencies in the top 25 kHz of each amateur band
 D. All frequencies available to the amateur service


4BA 3G.1  A
What type of emergency can cause a limitation on the frequencies available for
RACES operation?

 A. An emergency in which the President invokes the War Emergency Powers
    under the provisions of the Communications Act of 1934
 B. RACES operations must be confined to a single frequency band if the
    emergency is contained within a single state
 C. RACES operations must be conducted on a VHF band if the emergency is
    confined to an area 25 miles or less in radius
 D. The Red Cross may limit available frequencies if the emergency involves
    no immediate danger of loss of life


4BA 3H.1    C
Which amateur stations may be operated in RACES?

 A. Only Extra Class amateur stations
 B. Any licensed amateur station except a station licensed to a
    Novice
 C. Any licensed amateur station certified by the responsible civil
    defense organization
 D. Any licensed amateur station other than a station licensed to a
    Novice, providing the station is certified by the responsible civil
    defense organization


4BA 3H.2    A
What are the points of communications for amateur stations operated in RACES
and certified by the responsible civil defense organization as registered with
that organization?

 A. Any RACES stations and certian other stations authorized by the
    responsible civil defense official
 B. Any RACES stations and any FCC licensed amateur stations except
    stations licensed to Novices
 C. Any FCC licensed amateur station or a station in the Disaster
    Communications Service
 D. Any FCC licensed amateur station except stations licensed to Novices


4BA 3I.1    C
What are permissible communications in RACES?

 A. Any communications concerning local traffic nets
 B. Any communications concerning the Amateur Radio Emergency Service
 C. Any communications concerning national defense and security or
    immediate safety of people and property that are authorized by the area
    civil defense organization
 D. Any communications concerning national defense or security or immediate
    safety of people or property but only when a state of emergency has
    been declared by the President, the governor, or other authorized
    official, and then only so long as the state of emergency continues


4BA 4A.1    C
What are the purposes of the Amateur Satellite Service?

 A. It is a radionavigation service using stations on earth satellites for
    the same purposes as those of the amateur service
 B. It is a radio communication service using stations on earth satellites
    for weather information
 C. It is a radio communication service using stations on earth satellites
    for the same purpose as those of the amateur service
 D. It is a radiolocation service using stations on earth satellites for
    amateur operators engaged in satellite radar experimentation


4BA 4B.1    A
What are some frequencies available for space operation?

 A. 7.0-7.1, 14.00-14.25, 21.00-21.45, 24.890-24.990, 28.00-29.70, 144-146,
    435-438 and 24,000-24,050 MHz
 B. 7.0-7.3, 21.00-21.45, 28.00-29.70, 144-146, 432-438 and 24,000-24,050
    MHz
 C. All frequencies available to the amateur service, providing
    license-class, power and emission-type restrictions are observed
 D. Only frequencies available to Amateur Extra Class licensees


4BA 4C.1.1  B
What is the term used to describe the operation of an amateur station which
transmits communications used to initiate, modify or terminate the functions
of a space station?

 A. Space operation
 B. Telecommand operation
 C. Earth operation
 D. Control operation


4BA 4C.2.1  D
Which amateur stations are eligible to be telecommand stations?

 A. Any amateur licensee except Novice
 B. Amateur Extra class licensees only
 C. Telecommand operation is not permitted in the amateur satellite service
 D. Any amateur station designated by the space station licensee


4BA 4D.1.1  C
What term describes space-to-earth transmissions used to communicate the
results of measurements made by a space station?

 A. Data transmission
 B. Frame check sequence
 C. Telemetry
 D. Telecommand operation


4BA 4E.1.1  D
What is the term used to describe the operation of an amateur station that is
more than 50 km above the Earth's surface?

 A. EME operation
 B. Exospheric operation
 C. Downlink operation
 D. Space station operation


4BA 4E.2.1  D
Which amateur stations are eligible for space operation?

 A. Any licensee except Novice
 B. General, Advanced and Extra class licensees only
 C. Advanced and Extra class licensees only
 D. Amateur Extra class licensees only


4BA 4E.4.1  D
When must the licensee of a station scheduled for space operation give the FCC
written pre-space notification?

 A. Both 3 months and 72 hours prior to initiating space operation
 B. Both 6 months and 3 months prior to initiating space operation
 C. Both 12 months and 3 months prior to initiating space operation
 D. Both 27 months and 5 months prior to initiating space operation


4BA 4E.4.2  C
When must the licensee of a station in space operation give the FCC written
in-space notification?

 A. No later than 24 hours following initiation of space operation
 B. No later than 72 hours following initiation of space operation
 C. No later than 7 days following initiation of space operation
 D. No later than 30 days following initiation of space operation


4BA 4E.4.3  D
When must the licensee of a station in space operation give the FCC written
post-space notification?

 A. No later than 48 hours after termination is complete, under normal
    circumstances
 B. No later than 72 hours after termination is complete, under normal
    circumstances
 C. No later than 7 days after termination is complete, under normal
    circumstances
 D. No later than 3 months after termination is complete, under normal
    circumstances


4BA 4F.1.1  A
What term describes an amateur station located on, or within 50 km of,
the earth's surface intended for communications with space stations?

 A. Earth station
 B. Telecommand station
 C. Repeater station
 D. Auxiliary station


4BA 4F.2.1  A
Which amateur licensees are eligible to operate an earth station?

 A. Any amateur licensee
 B. Amateur Extra class licensees only
 C. Any station except those licensed to Novices
 D. A special license issued by the FCC is required before any amateur
    lincensee may operate an earth station


4BA 5A.1 C
What is a Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator?

 A. An organization that volunteers to administer amateur license
    examinations to candidates for the Novice License
 B. An organization that volunteers to administer Amateur Radio examinations
    for any class of license other than Novice
 C. An organization that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to
    coordinate efforts of Volunteer Examiners in preparing and administering
    examinations for Technician, General, Advanced and Amateur Extra class
    operator licenses
 D. An organization that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to
    coordinate efforts of Volunteer Examiners in preparing and administering
    examinations for Novice Class amateur operator licenses


4BA 5B.1 B
What are the requirements to be a VEC?

 A. Be engaged in the manufacture and/or sale of amateur equipment or in
    the coordination of amateur activities throughout at least one
    call-letter district; and agree to abide by FCC Rules concerning
    administration of Amateur Radio examinations
 B. Be an organization that exists for the purpose of furthering the amateur
    service; be at least regional in scope; agree to coordinate examinations
    for Technician, General, Advanced and Amateur Extra class operator licenses
 C. Be an organizetion that exists for the purpose of furthering the amateur
    service; be, at the most, county-wide in scope; and agree to coordinate
    examinations for all classes of amateur operator licenses
 D. Be engaged in a business related to Amateur Radio; and agree to
    administer Amateur Radio examinations in accordance with FCC Rules
    throughout at least one call letter district


4BA 5C.1 A
What are the functions of a VEC?

 A. Accredit Volunteer Examiners; collect candidates' application forms,
    answer sheets and test results and forward the applications to the FCC;
    maintain pools of questions for Amateur Radio examinations; and perform
    other clerical tasks in accordance with FCC rules
 B. Assemble, print and sell FCC-approved examination forms; accredit
    Volunteer Examiners; collect candidates' answer sheets and forward them
    to the FCC; screen applications for completeness and authenticity; and
    perform other clerical tasks in accordance with FCC rules
 C. Accredit Volunteer Examiners; certify that examiners' equipment is
    type-accepted by the FCC; assemble, print and distribute FCC-approved
    examination forms; and perform other clerical tasks in accordance with
    FCC Rules
 D. Maintain pools of questions for Amateur Radio examinations; administer
    code and theory examinations; score and forward the test papers to the
    FCC so that the appropriate license may be issued to each successful
    candidate


4BA 5C.2 A
Where are the questions listed that must be used in written examinations?

 A. In the appropriate VEC question pool
 B. In PR Bulletin 1035C
 C. In PL 97-259
 D. In the appropriate FCC Report and Order


4BA 5C.3 A
How is an Element 3(A) examination prepared?

 A. By General, Advanced, or Amateur Extra class Volunteer Examiners or a
    qualified supplier selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question
    pool
 B. By Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the
    appropriate FCC bulletin
 C. By Extra class Volunteer Examiners selecting questions from the
    appropriate FCC bulletin
 D. By the FCC selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool


4BA 5C.4 A
How is an Element 3(B) examination prepared?

 A. By Advanced or Amateur Extra class Volunteer Examiners or a qualified
    supplier selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool
 B. By Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the
    appropriate FCC bulletin
 C. By Extra class Volunteer Examiners selecting questions from the
    appropriate FCC bulletin
 D. By the FCC selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool


4BA 5C.5 A
How is an Element 4(A) examination prepared?

 A. By Extra class Volunteer Examiners or Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators
    selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool
 B. By Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the
    appropriate FCC bulletin
 C. By Extra class Volunteer Examiners selecting questions from the
    appropriate FCC bulletin
 D. By the FCC selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool


4BA 5C.6 A
How is an Element 4(B) examination prepared?

 A. By Extra class Volunteer Examiners or Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators
    selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool
 B. By Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the
    appropriate FCC bulletin
 C. By Extra class Volunteer Examiners selecting questions from the
    appropriate FCC bulletin
 D. By the FCC selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool


4BA 5D.1 B
What organization coordinates the dates and times for scheduling Amateur Radio
examinations?

 A. The FCC
 B. A VEC
 C. The IARU
 D. Local radio clubs


4BA 5E.1 A
Under what circumstances, if any, may a VEC refuse to accredit a person as a VE
on the basis of membership in an Amateur Radio organization?

 A. Under no circumstances
 B. Only when the prospective VE is an ARRL member
 C. Only when the prospective VE is not a member of the local Amateur Radio
    club
 D. Only when the club is at least regional in scope


4BA 5E.2 A
Under what circumstances, if any, may a VEC refuse to accredit a person as a VE
on the basis of lack of membership in an Amateur Radio organization?

 A. Under no circumstances
 B. Only when the prospective VE is not an ARRL member
 C. Only when the club is at least regional in scope
 D. Only when the prospective VE is a not a member of the local Amateur
    Radio club giving the examinations


4BA 5F.1 D
Under what circumstance, if any, may an organization engaged in the manufacture
of equipment used in connection with Amateur Radio transmissions be a VEC?

 A. Under no circumstances
 B. If the organization's amateur-related sales are very small
 C. If the organization is manufacturing very specialized amateur equipment
 D. Only upon FCC approval that preventive measures have been taken to
    preclude any possible conflict of interest


4BA 5F.2 B
Under what circumstances, if any, may a person who is an employee of a company
that is engaged in the distribution of equipment used in connection with
Amateur Radio transmissions be a VE?

 A. Under no circumstances
 B. Only if the employee does not normally communicate with that part of the
    company engaged in the manufacture or distribution of amateur equipment
 C. Only if the employee has no financial interest in the company
 D. Only if the employee is an Extra class licensee


4BA 5F.3 A
Under what circumstances, if any, may a person who owns a significant interest
in a company that is engaged in the preparation of publications used in
preparation for obtaining an amateur operator license be a VE?

 A. Under no circumstances
 B. Only if the organization's amateur related sales are very small
 C. Only if the organization is publishing very specialized material
 D. Only if the person is an Extra class licensee


4BA 5F.4 D
Under what circumstances, if any, may an organization engaged in the
distribution of publications used in preparation for obtaining an amateur
operator license be a VEC?

 A. Under no circumstances
 B. Only if the organization's amateur publishing business is very small
 C. Only if the organization is selling the publication at cost to
    examinees
 D. Only upon FCC approval that preventive measures have been taken to
    preclude any possible conflict of interest


4BA 5G.1 A
Who may reimburse VEs and VECs for out-of-pocket expenses incurred in
preparing, processing or administering examinations?

 A. Examinees
 B. FCC
 C. ARRL
 D. FCC and Examiners


4BA 5G.2 B
What action must a VEC take against a VE who accepts reimbursement and fails to
provide the annual expense certification?

 A. Suspend the VE's accreditation for 1 year
 B. Disaccredit the VE
 C. Suspend the VE's accreditation and report the information to the FCC
 D. Suspend the VE's accreditation for 6 months


4BA 5G.3 A
What type of expense records must be maintained by a VE who accepts
reimbursement?

 A. All out-of-pocket expenses and reimbursements from the examinees
 B. All out-of-pocket expenses only
 C. Reimbursements from examiners only
 D. FCC reimbursements only


4BA 5G.4 C
For what period of time must a VE maintain records of out-of-pocket expenses
and reimbursements for each examination session for which reimbursement is
accepted?

 A. 1 year
 B. 2 years
 C. 3 years
 D. 4 years


4BA 5G.5 B
By what date each year must a VE forward to the VEC a certification concerning
expenses for which reimbursement was accepted?

 A. December 15 following the year for which the reimbursement was accepted
 B. January 15 following the year for which the reimbursement was accepted
 C. April 15 following the year for which the reimbursement was accepted
 D. October 15 following the year for which the reimbursement was accepted


4BA 5G.6 A
For what type of services may a VE be reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses?

 A. Preparing, processing or administering examinations above the Novice
    class
 B. Preparing, processing or administering examinations including the
    Novice class
 C. A VE cannot be reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses
 D. Only for preparation of examination elements


4BA 6A.1 B
What is an accredited Volunteer Examiner?

 A. A General class radio amateur who is accredited by a VEC to administer
    examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses
 B. An amateur operator who is accredited by a VEC to administer examinations
    to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses
 C. An amateur operator who administers examinations to applicants
    for amateur operator/primary station licenses for a fee
 D. An FCC staff member who tests volunteers who want to administer Amateur
    Radio examinations


4BA 6A.2 B
What is an accredited VE?

 A. A General class radio amateur who is accredited by a VEC to administer
    examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses
 B. An amateur operator who is accredited by a VEC to administer
    examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses
 C. An amateur operator who administers examinations to applicants
    for amateur operator/primary station licenses for a fee
 D. An FCC staff member who tests volunteers who want to administer Amateur
    Radio examinations


4BA 6B.1 B
What are the requirements for a Volunteer Examiner administering an examination
for a Technician class operator license?

 A. The Volunteer Examiner must be a Novice class licensee accredited by a
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator
 B. The Volunteer Examiner must be an Advanced or Extra class licensee
    accredited by a Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator
 C. The Volunteer Examiner must be an Extra class licensee accredited by a
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator
 D. The Volunteer Examiner must be a General class licensee accredited by a
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator


4BA 6B.2 B
What are the requirements for a Volunteer Examiner administering an examination
for a General class operator license?

 A. The examiner must hold an Advanced class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 B. The examiner must hold an Extra class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 C. The examiner must hold a General class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 D. The examiner must hold an Extra class license to administer the written
    test element, but an Advanced class examiner may administer the CW test
    element


4BA 6B.3 B
What are the requirements for a Volunteer Examiner administering an examination
for an Advanced class operator license?

 A. The examiner must hold an Advanced class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 B. The examiner must hold an Extra class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 C. The examiner must hold a General class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 D. The examiner must hold an Extra class license to administer the written
    test element, but an Advanced class examiner may administer the CW test
    element


4BA 6B.4 B
What are the requirements for a Volunteer Examiner administering an examination
for an Amateur Extra class operator license?

 A. The examiner must hold an Advanced class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 B. The examiner must hold an Extra class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 C. The examiner must hold a General class license and be accredited by a
    VEC
 D. The examiner must hold an Extra class license to administer the written
    test element, but an Advanced class examiner may administer the CW test
    element


4BA 6B.5 A
When is VE accreditation necessary?

 A. Always in order to administer a Technician or higher class license
    examination
 B. Always in order to administer a Novice or higher class license
    examination
 C. Sometimes in order to administer an Advanced or higher class license
    examination
 D. VE accreditation is not necessary in order to administer a General or
    higher class license examination


4BA 6C.1 D
What is VE accreditation?

 A. The process by which all Advanced and Extra class licensees are
    automatically given permission to conduct Amateur Radio examinations
 B. The process by which the FCC tests volunteers who wish to coordinate
    amateur operator/primary station license examinations
 C. The process by which the prospective VE requests his or her
    requirements for accreditation
 D. The process by which each VEC makes sure its VEs meet FCC requirements
    to serve as Volunteer Examiners


4BA 6C.2    A
What are the requirements for VE accreditation?

 A. Hold an Advanced class license or higher; be at least 18 years old; not
    have any conflict of interest; and never had his or her amateur license
    suspended or revoked
 B. Hold an Advanced class license or higher; be at least 16 years old; and
    not have any conflict of interest
 C. Hold an Extra class license or higher; be at least 18 years old; and be
    a member of ARRL
 D. There are no requirements for accreditation, other than holding a
    General or higher class license


4BA 6C.3    C
The services of which persons seeking to be VEs will not be accepted by the
FCC?

 A. Persons with Advanced class licenses
 B. Persons being between 18 and 21 years of age
 C. Persons who have ever had their amateur licenses suspended or revoked
 D. Persons who are employees of the Federal Government


4BA 6D.1    D
Under what circumstances, if any, may a person be compensated for services as a
VE?

 A. When the VE spends more than 4 hours at the test session
 B. When the VE loses a day's pay to administer the exam
 C. When the VE spends many hours preparing for the test session
 D. Under no circumstances


4BA 6D.2    A
How much money, if any, may a person accept for services as a VE?

 A. None
 B. Up to a half day's pay if the VE spends more than 4 hours at the test
    session
 C. Up to a full day's pay if the VE spends more than 4 hours preparing for
    the test session
 D. Up to $50 if the VE spends more than 4 hours at the test session


4BA 7A.1.1  A
What is an Element 1(A) examination intended to prove?

 A. The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 5 WPM
 B. The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 13 WPM
 C. The applicant's knowledge of Novice class theory and regulations
 D. The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 20 WPM


4BA 7A.1.2  D
What is an Element 1(B) examination intended to prove?

 A. The applicant's knowledge of Novice class theory and regulations
 B. The applicant's knowledge of General class theory and regulations
 C. The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 5 WPM
 D. The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 13 WPM


4BA 7A.1.3  A
What is an Element 1(C) examination intended to prove?

 A. The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 20 WPM
 B. The applicant's knowledge of Amateur Extra class theory and regulations
 C. The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 13 WPM
 D. The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 5 WPM


4BA 7A.1.4  C
What is Examination Element 2?

 A. The 5-WPM amateur Morse code examination
 B. The 13-WPM amateur Morse code examination
 C. The written examination for the Novice class operator license
 D. The written examination for the Technician class operator license


4BA 7A.1.5  C
What is Examination Element 3(A)?

 A. The 5-WPM amateur Morse code examination
 B. The 13-WPM amateur Morse code examination
 C. The written examination for the Technician class operator license
 D. The written examination for the General class operator license


4BA 7A.1.6  D
What is Examination Element 3(B)?

 A. The 5-WPM amateur Morse code examination
 B. The 13-WPM amateur Morse code examination
 C. The written examination for the Technician class operator license
 D. The written examination for the General class operator license


4BA 7A.1.7  C
What is Examination Element 4(A)?

 A. The written examination for the Technician class operator license
 B. The 20-WPM amateur Morse code examination
 C. The written examination for the Advanced class operator license
 D. The written examination for the Amateur Extra class operator license


4BA 7A.1.8  D
What is Examination Element 4(B)?

 A. The written examination for the Technician class operator license
 B. The 20-WPM amateur Morse code examination
 C. The written examination for the Advanced class operator license
 D. The written examination for the Amateur Extra class operator license


4BA 7A.2.1  A
Who must prepare Examination Element 1(B)?

 A. Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    a qualified supplier
 B. Advanced class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators
 C. The FCC
 D. The Field Operations Bureau


4BA 7A.2.2  D
Who must prepare Examination Element 1(C)?

 A. The FCC
 B. The Field Operations Bureau
 C. Advanced class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators
 D. Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    a qualified supplier


4BA 7A.2.3  A
Who must prepare Examination Element 3(A)?

 A. General Advanced or Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer
    Examiners, or a qualified supplier
 B. The FCC
 C. The Field Operations Bureau
 D. Advanced or General class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators


4BA 7A.2.4  A
Who must prepare Examination Element 3(B)?

 A. Advanced or Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    a qualified supplier
 B. The FCC
 C. The Field Operations Bureau
 D. Advanced or General class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators


4BA 7A.2.5  D
Who must prepare Examination Element 4(A)?

 A. Advanced or Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators
 B. The FCC
 C. The Field Operations Bureau
 D. Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    a qualified supplier


4BA 7A.2.6  D
Who must prepare Examination Element 4(B)?

 A. Advanced or Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators
 B. The FCC
 C. The Field Operations Bureau
 D. Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or
    a qualifie supplier


4BA 7B.1    D
What examination elements are required for an Amateur Extra class operator
license?

 A. 1(C) and 4(B)
 B. 3(B), 4(A) and 4(B)
 C. 1(B), 2, 3(A), 3(B), 4(A) and 4(B)
 D. 1(C), 2, 3(A), 3(B), 4(A) and 4(B)


4BA 7B.2    D
What examination elements are required for an Advanced class operator license?

 A. 1(A), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and 4(A)
 B. 1(B), 3(A) and 3(B)
 C. 1(B) and 4(A)
 D. 1(B), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and 4(A)


4BA 7B.3    A
What examination elements are required for a General class operator license?

 A. 1(B), 2, 3(A) and 3(B)
 B. 1(A), 2, 3(A) and 3(B)
 C. 1(A), 3(A) and 3(B)
 D. 1(B), 3(A) and 3(B)


4BA 7B.4    C
What examination elements are required for a Technician class operator license?

 A. 1(A) and 2B
 B. 1(A) and 3(A)
 C. 1(A), 2 and 3(A)
 D. 2 and 3(A)


4BA 7C.1    A
What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid Novice
class operator license?

 A. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A) and 2
 B. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B) and 3(A)
 C. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B) and 2
 D. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A) and 3(A)


4BA 7C.2    B
What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid
Technician class operator license issued after March 20, 1987?

 A. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A) and 2
 B. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A), 2 and 3(A)
 C. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B), 2 and 3(A)
 D. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B), 3(A) and 3(B)


4BA 7C.3    B
What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid
Technician class operator license issued before March 21, 1987?

 A. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A), 2 and 3(B)
 B. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A), 2, 3(A) and 3(B)
 C. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B), 2, 3(A) and 4(A)
 D. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B), 3(A) and 3(B)


4BA 7C.4    D
What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid General
class operator license?

 A. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and
    4(A)
 B. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A), 3(A), 3(B) and 4(A)
 C. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and
    4(B)
 D. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B), 2, 3(A) and 3(B)


4BA 7C.5    C
What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid
Advanced class operator license?

 A. Credit for successful completion of Element 4(A)
 B. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B) and 4(A)
 C. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(B), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and
    4(A)
 D. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(C), 3(A), 3(B), 4(A) and
    4(B)


4BA 7C.6    B
What examination credit, if any, may be given to an applicant who holds a valid
amateur operator license issued by another country?

 A. Credit for successful completion of any elements that may be identical
    to those required for U.S. licensees
 B. No credit
 C. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A), 1(B) and 1(C)
 D. Credit for successful completion of Elements 2, 3(A), 3(B), 4(A) and
    4(B)


4BA 7C.7    A
What examination credit, if any, may be given to an applicant who holds a valid
amateur operator license issued by any other United States government agency
than the FCC?

 A. No credit
 B. Credit for successful completion of Elements 1(A), 1(B) or 1(C)
 C. Credit for successful completion of Elements 4(A) and 4(B)
 D. Credit for successful completion of Element 1(C)


4BA 7C.8    C
What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds an unexpired
(or expired less than 5 years) FCC-issued commercial radiotelegraph operator
license or permit?

 A. No credit
 B. Credit for successful completion of element 1(B) only
 C. Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 1(B) or 1(C)
 D. Credit for successful completion of element 1(A) only


4BA 7C.9    C
What examination credit must be given to the holder of a valid Certificate of
Successful Completion of Examination?

 A. Credit for previously completed written examination elements only
 B. Credit for the code speed associated with the previously completed
    telegraphy examination elements only
 C. Credit for previously completed written and telegraphy examination
    elements only
 D. Credit for previously completed commercial examination elements only


4BA 7D.1    D
Who determines where and when examinations for amateur operator licenses are to
be administered?

 A. The FCC
 B. The Section Manager
 C. The applicants
 D. The administering Volunteer Examiner Team


4BA 7D.2    A
Where must the examiners be and what must they be doing during an examination?

 A. The examiners must be present and observing the candidate(s) throughout
    the entire examination
 B. The examiners must be absent to allow the candidate(s) to complete the
    entire examination in accordance with the traditional honor system
 C. The examiners must be present to observe the candidate(s)throughout the
    administration of telegraphy examination elements only
 D. The examiners must be present to observe the candidate(s)throughout the
    administration of written examination elements only


4BA 7D.3    C
Who is responsible for the proper conduct and necessary supervision during an
examination?

 A. The VEC
 B. The FCC
 C. The administering Volunteer Examiners
 D. The candidates and the administering Volunteer Examiners


4BA 7D.4    B
What should an examiner do when a candidate fails to comply with the examiner's
instructions?

 A. Warn the candidate that continued failure to comply with the examiner's
    instructions will result in termination of the examination
 B. Immediately terminate the examination
 C. Allow the candidate to complete the examination, but refuse to issue a
    Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination for any elements
    passed by fraudulent means
 D. Immediately terminate the examination and report the violation to
    federal law enforcement officials


4BA 7D.5    B
What will the administering VE's require an examinee to do upon completion
of an examination element?

 A. Complete a brief written evaluation of the session
 B. Return the test papers to the examiners
 C. Return all test papers to the VEC
 D. Pay the registration fee


4BA 7E.1    C
When must the test papers be graded?

 A. Within 5 days of completion of an examination element
 B. Within 30 days of completion of an examination element
 C. Immediately upon completion of an examination element
 D. Within 10 days of completion of an examination element


4BA 7E.2    B
Who must grade the test papers?

 A. The ARRL
 B. The administering Volunteer Examiners
 C. The Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator
 D. The FCC


4BA 7E.3    A
How do the examiners inform a candidate who does not score a passing grade?

 A. Return the application to the examinee and inform the examinee of the
    grade
 B. Give the percentage of the questions answered incorrectly and return
    the application to the candidate
 C. Tell the candidate that he or she failed and return the application to
    the candidate
 D. Show how the incorrect answers should have been answered and give a
    copy of the corrected answer sheet to the candidate


4BA 7E.4    D
What must the examiners do when the candidate scores a passing grade on all
examination elements needed for an upgrade?

 A. Give the percentage of the questions answered correctly and return the
    application to the candidate
 B. Tell the candidate that he or she passed
 C. Issue the candidate an operator license
 D. Certify on the examinee's application form that the applicant is qualified
    for the license and report the basis for the qualification


4BA 7E.5    A
Within what time limit after administering an exam must the examiners submit
the applications and test papers from successful candidates to the VEC?

 A. Within 10 days
 B. Within 15 days
 C. Within 30 days
 D. Within 90 days


4BA 7E.6    B
To whom do the examiners submit successful candidates' applications and test
papers?

 A. To the candidate
 B. To the coordinating VEC
 C. To the local radio club
 D. To the regional Section Manager


4BA 7F.1    A
When an applicant passes an examination to upgrade his or her operator license,
under what authority may he or she be the control operator of an amateur
station with the privileges of the higher operator class?

 A. That of the Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination issued
    by the VE Team that administered the examination
 B. That of the ARRL
 C. Applicants already licensed in the amateur service may not use
    their newly earned privileges until they receive their permanent
    amateur station and operator licenses
 D. Applicants may only use their newly earned privileges during
    emergencies pending issuance of their permanent amateur station and
    operator licenses


4BA 7F.2    B
What is a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination?

 A. A document printed by the FCC
 B. A document required for already licensed applicants operating with
    privileges of an amateur operator class higher than that of their
    permanent amateur operator licenses
 C. A document a candidate may use for an indefinite period of time to
    receive credit for successful completion of any written element
 D. A permanent amateur station and operator license certificate
    issued to a newly-upgraded licensee by the FCC within 90 days of the
    completion of the examination


4BA 7F.3    D
How long may a successful candidate operate a station under authority of a
Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination with the rights and
privileges of the higher operator class for which the applicant has passed
the appropriate examinations?

 A. 30 days or until issuance of a permanent operator and station license,
    whichever comes first
 B. 3 months or until issuance of the permanent operator and station
    license, whichever comes first
 C. 6 months or until issuance of the permanent operator and station
    license, whichever comes first
 D. 1 year or until issuance of the permanent operator and station license,
    whichever comes first


4BA 7F.4    B
How must the station call sign be amended when operating under the temporary
authority of a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination?

 A. The applicant must use an identifier code as a prefix to his or her
    present call sign, e.g., when using voice; "interim AE KA1MJP"
 B. The applicant must use an identifier code as a suffix to his or her
    present call sign, e.g., when using voice; "KA1MJP temporary AE"
 C. By adding after the call sign, when using voice, the phrase "operating
    temporary Technician, General, Advanced or Extra"
 D. By adding to the call sign, when using CW, the slant bar followed by
    the letters T, G, A or E


4BB 1A.1  C
What is an ascending pass for an amateur satellite?

 A. A pass from west to east
 B. A pass from east to west
 C. A pass from south to north
 D. A pass from north to south


4BB 1A.2  A
What is a descending pass for an amateur satellite?

 A. A pass from north to south
 B. A pass from west to east
 C. A pass from east to west
 D. A pass from south to north


4BB 1A.3  C
What is the period of an amateur satellite?

 A. An orbital arc that extends from 60 degrees west longitude to 145
    degrees west longitude
 B. The point on an orbit where satellite height is minimum
 C. The amount of time it takes for a satellite to complete one orbit
 D. The time it takes a satellite to travel from perigee to apogee


4BB 1B.1  D
What is Mode A in an amateur satellite?

 A. Operation through a 10-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits
    on 2 meters
 B. The lowest frequency used in Phase 3 transponders
 C. The highest frequency used in Phase 3 translators
 D. Operation through a 2-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on
    10 meters


4BB 1B.2  B
What is Mode B in an amateur satellite?

 A. Operation through a 10-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits
    on 2 meters
 B. Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that
    retransmits on 2 meters
 C. The beacon output
 D. A codestore device used to record messages


4BB 1B.3  B
What is Mode J in an amateur satellite?

 A. Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that
    retransmits on 2 meters
 B. Operation through a 2-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on
    70 centimeters
 C. Operation through a 2-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on
    10 meters
 D. Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that
    retransmits on 10 meters


4BB 1B.4  B
What is Mode L in an amateur satellite?

 A. Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that
    retransmits on 10 meters
 B. Operation through a 23-centimeter receiver on a satellite that
    retransmits on 70 centimeters
 C. Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that
    retransmits on 23 centimeters
 D. Operation through a 10-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits
    on 70 centimeters


4BB 1C.1  B
What is a linear transponder?

 A. A repeater that passes only linear or CW signals
 B. A device that receives and retransmits signals of any mode in a certain
    passband
 C. An amplifier for SSB transmissions
 D. A device used to change FM to SSB


4BB 1C.2  A
What are the two basic types of linear transponders used in amateur satellites?

 A. Inverting and non-inverting
 B. Geostationary and elliptical
 C. Phase 2 and Phase 3
 D. Amplitude modulated and frequency modulated


4BB 1D.1  D
Why does the downlink frequency appear to vary by several kHz during a
low-earth-orbit amateur satellite pass?

 A. The distance between the satellite and ground station is changing,
    causing the Kepler effect
 B. The distance between the satellite and ground station is changing,
    causing the Bernoulli effect
 C. The distance between the satellite and ground station is changing,
    causing the Boyles' law effect
 D. The distance between the satellite and ground station is changing,
    causing the Doppler effect


4BB 1D.2  A
Why does the received signal from a Phase III amateur satellite exhibit a
fairly rapid pulsed fading effect?

 A. Because the satellite is rotating
 B. Because of ionospheric absorption
 C. Because of the satellite's low orbital altitude
 D. Because of the Doppler effect


4BB 1D.3  B
What type of antenna can be used to minimize the effects of spin modulation and
Faraday rotation?

 A. A nonpolarized antenna
 B. A circularly polarized antenna
 C. An isotropic antenna
 D. A log-periodic dipole array


4BB 2A.1  A
How often is a new frame transmitted in a fast-scan television system?

 A. 30 times per second
 B. 60 times per second
 C. 90 times per second
 D. 120 times per second


4BB 2A.2  C
How many horizontal lines make up a fast-scan television frame?

 A. 30
 B. 60
 C. 525
 D. 1050


4BB 2A.3  C
How is the interlace scanning pattern generated in a fast-scan television
system?

 A. By scanning the field from top to bottom
 B. By scanning the field from bottom to top
 C. By scanning even numbered lines in one field and odd numbered ones in
    the next
 D. By scanning from left to right in one field and right to left in the
    next


4BB 2A.4  B
What is blanking in a video signal?

 A. Synchronization of the horizontal and vertical sync-pulses
 B. Turning off the scanning beam while it is traveling from right to left
    and from bottom to top
 C. Turning off the scanning beam at the conclusion of a transmission
 D. Transmitting a black and white test pattern


4BB 2A.5  A
What is the standard video voltage level between the sync tip and the whitest
white at TV camera outputs and modulator inputs?

 A. 1 volt peak-to-peak
 B. 120 IEEE units
 C. 12 volts dc
 D. 5 volts RMS


4BB 2A.6  D
What is the bandwidth of a fast-scan television transmission?

 A. 3 kHz
 B. 10 kHz
 C. 25 kHz
 D. 6 MHz


4BB 2A.7  C
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for black?

 A. 0%
 B. 12.5%
 C. 70%
 D. 100%


4BB 2A.8  B
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for white?

 A. 0%
 B. 12.5%
 C. 70%
 D. 100%


4BB 2A.9  C
What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for blanking?

 A. 0%
 B. 12.5%
 C. 75%
 D. 100%


4BC 1.1  D
What is the maximum separation between two stations communicating by
moonbounce?

 A. 500 miles maximum, if the moon is at perigee
 B. 2,000 miles maximum, if the moon is at apogee
 C. 5,000 miles maximum, if the moon is at perigee
 D. Any distance as long as the stations have a mutual lunar window


4BC 1.2  B
What characterizes libration fading of an EME signal?

 A. A slow change in the pitch of the CW signal
 B. A fluttery, rapid irregular fading
 C. A gradual loss of signal as the sun rises
 D. The returning echo is several hertz lower in frequency than the
    transmitted signal


4BC 1.3  A
What are the best days to schedule EME contacts?

 A. When the moon is at perigee
 B. When the moon is full
 C. When the moon is at apogee
 D. When the weather at both stations is clear


4BC 1.4  D
What type of receiving system is required for EME communications?

 A. Equipment capable of reception on 14 MHz
 B. Equipment with very low dynamic range
 C. Equipment with very low gain
 D. Equipment with very low noise figures


4BC 1.5  B
What type of transmitting system is required for EME communications?

 A. A transmitting system capable of operation on the 21 MHz band
 B. A transmitting system capable of producing a very high ERP
 C. A transmitting system using an unmodulated carrier
 D. A transmitting system with a high second harmonic output


4BC 2.1  B
When the earth's atmosphere is struck by a meteor, a cylindrical region of free
electrons is formed at what layer of the ionosphere?

 A. The F1 layer
 B. The E layer
 C. The F2 layer
 D. The D layer


4BC 2.2  C
Which range of frequencies is well suited for meteor-scatter communications?

 A. 1.8 - 1.9 MHz
 B. 10 - 14 MHz
 C. 28 - 148 MHz
 D. 220 - 450 MHz


4BC 3.1  A
What is transequatorial propagation?

 A. Propagation between two points at approximately the same distance north
    and south of the magnetic equator
 B. Propagation between two points on the magnetic equator
 C. Propagation between two continents by way of ducts along the magnetic
    equator
 D. Propagation between any two stations at the same latitude


4BC 3.2  C
What is the maximum range for signals using transequatorial propagation?

 A. About 1,000 miles
 B. About 2,500 miles
 C. About 5,000 miles
 D. About 7,500 miles


4BC 3.3  C
What is the best time of day for transequatorial propagation?

 A. Morning
 B. Noon
 C. Afternoon or early evening
 D. Transequatorial propagation only works at night


4BC 4.1  C
If a beam antenna must be pointed in a direction 180 degrees away from a
station to receive the strongest signals, what type of propagation is probably
occurring?

 A. Transequatorial propagation
 B. Sporadic-E propagation
 C. Long-path propagation
 D. Auroral propagation


4BC 5.1  D
What is the name for a type of propagation in which radio signals travel along
the terminator, which separates daylight from darkness?

 A. Transequatorial propagation
 B. Sporadic-E propagation
 C. Long-path propagation
 D. Gray-line propagation


4BD 1A.1 C
How does a spectrum analyzer differ from a conventional time-domain
oscilloscope?

 A. The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals while the
    spectrum analyzer is used to measure ionospheric reflection
 B. The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals in the frequency
    domain while the spectrum analyzer is used to display electrical
    signals in the time domain
 C. The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals in the time
    domain while the spectrum analyzer is used to display electrical
    signals in the frequency domain
 D. The oscilloscope is used for displaying audio frequencies and the
    spectrum analyzer is used for displaying radio frequencies


4BD 1A.2 D
What does the horizontal axis of a spectrum analyzer display?

 A. Amplitude
 B. Voltage
 C. Resonance
 D. Frequency


4BD 1A.3 A
What does the vertical axis of a spectrum analyzer display?

 A. Amplitude
 B. Duration
 C. Frequency
 D. Time


4BD 1B.1 A
What test instrument can be used to display spurious signals in the output of a
radio transmitter?

 A. A spectrum analyzer
 B. A wattmeter
 C. A logic analyzer
 D. A time-domain reflectometer


4BD 1B.2 B
What test instrument is used to display intermodulation distortion products
from an SSB transmitter?

 A. A wattmeter
 B. A spectrum analyzer
 C. A logic analyzer
 D. A time-domain reflectometer


4BD 2A.1 D
What advantage does a logic probe have over a voltmeter for monitoring logic
states in a circuit?

 A. A logic probe has fewer leads to connect to a circuit than a voltmeter
 B. A logic probe can be used to test analog and digital circuits
 C. A logic probe can be powered by commercial AC lines
 D. A logic probe is smaller and shows a simplified readout


4BD 2A.2 C
What piece of test equipment can be used to directly indicate high and low
logic states?

 A. A galvanometer
 B. An electroscope
 C. A logic probe
 D. A Wheatstone bridge


4BD 2A.3 D
What is a logic probe used to indicate?

 A. A short-circuit fault in a digital-logic circuit
 B. An open-circuit failure in a digital-logic circuit
 C. A high-impedance ground loop
 D. High and low logic states in a digital-logic circuit


4BD 2B.1 A
What piece of test equipment besides an oscilloscope can be used to indicate
pulse conditions in a digital-logic circuit?

 A. A logic probe
 B. A galvanometer
 C. An electroscope
 D. A Wheatstone bridge


4BD 3A.1 A
What is one of the most significant problems you might encounter when you try
to receive signals with a mobile station?

 A. Ignition noise
 B. Doppler shift
 C. Radar interference
 D. Mechanical vibrations


4BD 3A.2 A
What is the proper procedure for suppressing electrical noise in a mobile
station?

 A. Apply shielding and filtering where necessary
 B. Insulate all plane sheet metal surfaces from each other
 C. Apply antistatic spray liberally to all non-metallic surfaces
 D. Install filter capacitors in series with all dc wiring


4BD 3A.3 C
How can ferrite beads be used to suppress ignition noise?

 A. Install them in the resistive high voltage cable every 2 years
 B. Install them between the starter solenoid and the starter motor
 C. Install them in the primary and secondary ignition leads
 D. Install them in the antenna lead to the radio


4BD 3A.4 D
How can ensuring good electrical contact between connecting metal surfaces in a
vehicle reduce spark plug noise?

 A. It reduces the spark gap distance, causing a lower frequency spark
 B. It helps radiate the spark plug noise away from the vehicle
 C. It reduces static buildup on the vehicle body
 D. It encourages lower frequency electrical resonances in the vehicle


4BD 3B.1 B
How can alternator whine be minimized?

 A. By connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the longest
    possible path
 B. By connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the shortest
    possible path
 C. By installing a high pass filter in series with the radio's DC power
    lead to the vehicle's electrical system
 D. By installing filter capacitors in series with the DC power lead


4BD 3B.2 D
How can conducted and radiated noise caused by an automobile alternator be
suppressed?

 A. By installing filter capacitors in series with the DC power lead and by
    installing a blocking capacitor in the field lead
 B. By connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the longest
    possible path and by installing a blocking capacitor in series with the
    positive lead
 C. By installing a high pass filter in series with the radio's power lead
    to the vehicle's electrical system and by installing a low-pass filter
    in parallel with the field lead
 D. By connecting the radio power leads directly to the battery and by
    installing coaxial capacitors in the alternator leads


4BD 3C.1 B
What is a major cause of atmospheric static?

 A. Sunspots
 B. Thunderstorms
 C. Airplanes
 D. Meteor showers


4BD 3D.1 C
How can you determine if a line-noise interference problem is being generated
within your home?

 A. Check the power-line voltage with a time-domain reflectometer
 B. Observe the AC waveform on an oscilloscope
 C. Turn off the main circuit breaker and listen on a battery-operated
    radio
 D. Observe the power-line voltage on a spectrum analyzer


4BD 4.1  A
What is the main drawback of a wire-loop antenna for direction finding?

 A. It has a bidirectional pattern broadside to the loop
 B. It is non-rotatable
 C. It receives equally well in all directions
 D. It is practical for use only on VHF bands


4BD 4.2  B
What directional pattern is desirable for a direction-finding antenna?

 A. A non-cardioid pattern
 B. Good front-to-back and front-to-side ratios
 C. Good top-to-bottom and front-to-side ratios
 D. Shallow nulls


4BD 4.3  C
What is the triangulation method of direction finding?

 A. Using the geometric angle of ground waves and sky waves emanating from
    the same source to locate the signal source
 B. A fixed receiving station uses three beam headings to plot the signal
    source on a map
 C. Beam headings from several receiving locations are used to plot the
    signal source on a map
 D. The use of three vertical antennas to indicate the location of the
    signal source


4BD 4.4  D
Why is an RF attenuator desirable in a receiver used for direction finding?

 A. It narrows the bandwidth of the received signal
 B. It eliminates the effects of isotropic radiation
 C. It reduces loss of received signals caused by antenna pattern nulls
 D. It prevents receiver overload from extremely strong signals


4BD 4.5  A
What is a sense antenna?

 A. A vertical antenna added to a loop antenna to produce a cardioid
    reception pattern
 B. A horizontal antenna added to a loop antenna to produce a cardioid
    reception pattern
 C. A vertical antenna added to an Adcock antenna to produce an
    omnidirectional reception pattern
 D. A horizontal antenna added to an Adcock antenna to produce a cardioid
    reception pattern


4BD 4.6  D
What type of antenna is most useful for sky-wave reception in radio direction
finding?

 A. A log-periodic dipole array
 B. An isotropic antenna
 C. A circularly polarized antenna
 D. An Adcock antenna


4BD 4.7  C
What is a loop antenna?

 A. A circularly polarized antenna
 B. A coil of wire used as an antenna in FM broadcast receivers
 C. A wire loop used in radio direction finding
 D. An antenna coupled to the feed line through an inductive loop of wire


4BD 4.8  D
How can the output voltage of a loop antenna be increased?

 A. By reducing the permeability of the loop shield
 B. By increasing the number of wire turns in the loop while reducing the
    area of the loop structure
 C. By reducing either the number of wire turns in the loop, or the area of
    the loop structure
 D. By increasing either the number of wire turns in the loop, or the area
    of the loop structure


4BD 4.9  B
Why is an antenna system with a cardioid pattern desirable for a
direction-finding system?

 A. The broad side responses of the cardioid pattern can be aimed at the
    desired station
 B. The deep null of the cardioid pattern can pinpoint the direction of the
    desired station
 C. The sharp peak response of the cardioid pattern can pinpoint the
    direction of the desired station
 D. The high radiation angle of the cardioid pattern is useful for
    short-distance direction finding


4BD 4.10 C
What type of terrain can cause errors in direction finding?

 A. Homogeneous terrain
 B. Smooth grassy terrain
 C. Varied terrain
 D. Terrain with no buildings or mountains


4BE 1.1     B
What is the photoconductive effect?

 A. The conversion of photon energy to electromotive energy
 B. The increased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction
 C. The conversion of electromotive energy to photon energy
 D. The decreased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction


4BE 1.2     A
What happens to photoconductive material when light shines on it?

 A. The conductivity of the material increases
 B. The conductivity of the material decreases
 C. The conductivity of the material stays the same
 D. The conductivity of the material becomes temperature dependent


4BE 1.3     D
What happens to the resistance of a photoconductive material when light shines
on it?

 A. It increases
 B. It becomes temperature dependent
 C. It stays the same
 D. It decreases


4BE 1.4     C
What happens to the conductivity of a semiconductor junction when it is
illuminated?

 A. It stays the same
 B. It becomes temperature dependent
 C. It increases
 D. It decreases


4BE 1.5     D
What is an optocoupler?

 A. A resistor and a capacitor
 B. A frequency modulated helium-neon laser
 C. An amplitude modulated helium-neon laser
 D. An LED and a phototransistor


4BE 1.6     A
What is an optoisolator?

 A. An LED and a phototransistor
 B. A P-N junction that develops an excess positive charge when exposed to
    light
 C. An LED and a capacitor
 D. An LED and a solar cell


4BE 1.7     B
What is an optical shaft encoder?

 A. An array of optocouplers chopped by a stationary wheel
 B. An array of optocouplers whose light transmission path is controlled by
    a rotating wheel
 C. An array of optocouplers whose propagation velocity is controlled by a
    stationary wheel
 D. An array of optocouplers whose propagation velocity is controlled by a
    rotating wheel


4BE 1.8     D
What does the photoconductive effect in crystalline solids produce a noticeable
change in?

 A. The capacitance of the solid
 B. The inductance of the solid
 C. The specific gravity of the solid
 D. The resistance of the solid


4BE 2A.1    D
What is the meaning of the term time constant of an RC circuit?

 A. The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to 36.8% of
    the supply voltage
 B. The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to 36.8% of
    the supply current
 C. The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to 63.2% of
    the supply current
 D. The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to 63.2% of
    the supply voltage


4BE 2A.2    C
What is the meaning of the term time constant of an RL circuit?

 A. The time required for the current in the circuit to build up to 36.8%
    of the maximum value
 B. The time required for the voltage in the circuit to build up to 63.2%
    of the maximum value
 C. The time required for the current in the circuit to build up to 63.2%
    of the maximum value
 D. The time required for the voltage in the circuit to build up to 36.8%
    of the maximum value


4BE 2A.3    B
What is the term for the time required for the capacitor in an RC circuit to be
charged to 63.2% of the supply voltage?

 A. An exponential rate of one
 B. One time constant
 C. One exponential period
 D. A time factor of one


4BE 2A.4    A
What is the term for the time required for the current in an RL circuit to
build up to 63.2% of the maximum value?

 A. One time constant
 B. An exponential period of one
 C. A time factor of one
 D. One exponential rate


4BE 2A.5    D
What is the term for the time it takes for a charged capacitor in an RC circuit
to discharge to 36.8% of its initial value of stored charge?

 A. One discharge period
 B. An exponential discharge rate of one
 C. A discharge factor of one
 D. One time constant


4BE 2A.6    D
What is meant by back EMF?

 A. A current equal to the applied EMF
 B. An opposing EMF equal to R times C (RC) percent of the applied EMF
 C. A current that opposes the applied EMF
 D. A voltage that opposes the applied EMF


4BE 2B.1    C
After two time constants, the capacitor in an RC circuit is charged to what
percentage of the supply voltage?

 A. 36.8%
 B. 63.2%
 C. 86.5%
 D. 95%


4BE 2B.2    D
After two time constants, the capacitor in an RC circuit is discharged to what
percentage of the starting voltage?

 A. 86.5%
 B. 63.2%
 C. 36.8%
 D. 13.5%


4BE 2B.3    C
What is the time constant of a circuit having a 100-microfarad capacitor in
series with a 470-kilohm resistor?

 A. 4700 seconds
 B. 470 seconds
 C. 47 seconds
 D. 0.47 seconds


4BE 2B.4    A
What is the time constant of a circuit having a 220-microfarad capacitor in
parallel with a 1-megohm resistor?

 A. 220 seconds
 B. 22 seconds
 C. 2.2 seconds
 D. 0.22 seconds


4BE 2B.5    B
What is the time constant of a circuit having two 100-microfarad capacitors and
two 470-kilohm resistors all in series?

 A. 470 seconds
 B. 47 seconds
 C. 4.7 seconds
 D. 0.47 seconds


4BE 2B.6    B
What is the time constant of a circuit having two 100-microfarad capacitors and
two 470-kilohm resistors all in parallel?

 A. 470 seconds
 B. 47 seconds
 C. 4.7 seconds
 D. 0.47 seconds


4BE 2B.7    C
What is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and
two 1-megohm resistors all in series?

 A. 55 seconds
 B. 110 seconds
 C. 220 seconds
 D. 440 seconds


4BE 2B.8    C
What is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and
two 1-megohm resistors all in parallel?

 A. 22 seconds
 B. 44 seconds
 C. 220 seconds
 D. 440 seconds


4BE 2B.9    B
What is the time constant of a circuit having one 100-microfarad capacitor, one
220-microfarad capacitor, one 470-kilohm resistor and one 1-megohm resistor all
in series?

 A. 68.8 seconds
 B. 101.1 seconds
 C. 220.0 seconds
 D. 470.0 seconds


4BE 2B.10   D
What is the time constant of a circuit having a 470-microfarad capacitor and a
1-megohm resistor in parallel?

 A. 0.47 seconds
 B. 47 seconds
 C. 220 seconds
 D. 470 seconds


4BE 2B.11   A
What is the time constant of a circuit having a 470-microfarad capacitor in
series with a 470-kilohm resistor?

 A. 221 seconds
 B. 221000 seconds
 C. 470 seconds
 D. 470000 seconds


4BE 2B.12   A
What is the time constant of a circuit having a 220-microfarad capacitor in
series with a 470-kilohm resistor?

 A. 103 seconds
 B. 220 seconds
 C. 470 seconds
 D. 470000 seconds


4BE 2B.13   B
How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 7.36 V DC
in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2- megohm resistor is connected across
it?

 A. 12.64 seconds
 B. 0.02 seconds
 C. 1 second
 D. 7.98 seconds


4BE 2B.14   A
How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 2.71 V DC
in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2- megohm resistor is connected across
it?

 A. 0.04 seconds
 B. 0.02 seconds
 C. 7.36 seconds
 D. 12.64 seconds


4BE 2B.15   D
How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 1 V DC in
a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?

 A. 0.01 seconds
 B. 0.02 seconds
 C. 0.04 seconds
 D. 0.06 seconds


4BE 2B.16   A
How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 0.37 V DC
in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2- megohm resistor is connected across
it?

 A. 0.08 seconds
 B. 0.6 seconds
 C. 0.4 seconds
 D. 0.2 seconds


4BE 2B.17   C
How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 0.13 V DC
in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2- megohm resistor is connected across
it?

 A. 0.06 seconds
 B. 0.08 seconds
 C. 0.1 seconds
 D. 1.2 seconds


4BE 2B.18   D
How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 294 V DC
in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1- megohm resistor is connected across it?

 A. 80 seconds
 B. 294 seconds
 C. 368 seconds
 D. 450 seconds


4BE 2B.19   D
How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 108 V DC
in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1- megohm resistor is connected across it?

 A. 225 seconds
 B. 294 seconds
 C. 450 seconds
 D. 900 seconds


4BE 2B.20   A
How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 39.9 V
DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1- megohm resistor is connected across
it?

 A. 1350 seconds
 B. 900 seconds
 C. 450 seconds
 D. 225 seconds


4BE 2B.21   D
How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 40.2 V
DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1- megohm resistor is connected across
it?

 A. Approximately 225 seconds
 B. Approximately 450 seconds
 C. Approximately 900 seconds
 D. Approximately 1350 seconds


4BE 2B.22   C
How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 14.8 V
DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1- megohm resistor is connected across
it?

 A. Approximately 900 seconds
 B. Approximately 1350 seconds
 C. Approximately 1804 seconds
 D. Approximately 2000 seconds


4BE 3.1     A
What is a Smith Chart?

 A. A graph for calculating impedance along transmission lines
 B. A graph for calculating great circle bearings
 C. A graph for calculating antenna height
 D. A graph for calculating radiation patterns


4BE 3.2     B
What type of coordinate system is used in a Smith Chart?

 A. Voltage and current circles
 B. Resistance and reactance circles
 C. Voltage and current lines
 D. Resistance and reactance lines


4BE 3.3     C
What type of calculations can be performed using a Smith Chart?

 A. Beam headings and radiation patterns
 B. Satellite azimuth and elevation bearings
 C. Impedance and SWR values in transmission lines
 D. Circuit gain calculations


4BE 3.4     C
What are the two families of circles that make up a Smith Chart?

 A. Resistance and voltage
 B. Reactance and voltage
 C. Resistance and reactance
 D. Voltage and impedance


4BE 3.5     B
What is the only straight line on a blank Smith Chart?

 A. The reactance axis
 B. The resistance axis
 C. The voltage axis
 D. The current axis


4BE 3.6     C
What is the process of normalizing with regard to a Smith Chart?

 A. Reassigning resistance values with regard to the reactance axis
 B. Reassigning reactance values with regard to the resistance axis
 C. Reassigning resistance values with regard to the prime center
 D. Reassigning prime center with regard to the reactance axis


4BE 3.7     D
What are the curved lines on a Smith Chart?

 A. Portions of current circles
 B. Portions of voltage circles
 C. Portions of resistance circles
 D. Portions of reactance circles


4BE 3.8     C
What is the third family of circles, which are added to a Smith Chart during
the process of solving problems?

 A. Coaxial length circles
 B. Antenna length circles
 C. Standing wave ratio circles
 D. Radiation pattern circles


4BE 3.9     B
How are the wavelength scales on a Smith Chart calibrated?

 A. In portions of transmission line electrical frequency
 B. In portions of transmission line electrical wavelength
 C. In portions of antenna electrical wavelength
 D. In portions of antenna electrical frequency


4BE 4.1     A
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microhenry inductor in
series with a 20-ohm resistor, at 30 MHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular
coordinates.)

 A. 20 + j19
 B. 20 - j19
 C. 19 + j20
 D. 19 - j20


4BE 4.2     B
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microhenry inductor in
series with a 30-ohm resistor, at 5 MHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular
coordinates.)

 A. 30 - j3
 B. 30 + j3
 C. 3 + j30
 D. 3 - j30


4BE 4.3     A
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-microhenry inductor in
series with a 40-ohm resistor, at 500 MHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular
coordinates.)

 A. 40 + j31400
 B. 40 - j31400
 C. 31400 + j40
 D. 31400 - j40


4BE 4.4     D
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-picofarad capacitor in
parallel with a 4000-ohm resistor, at 500 kHz? (Specify your answer in polar
coordinates.)

 A. 2490 ohms, /_51.5_degrees__
 B. 4000 ohms, /_38.5_degrees__
 C. 5112 ohms, /_-38.5_degrees__
 D. 2490 ohms, /_-51.5_degrees__


4BE 4.5     A
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.001-microfarad capacitor in
series with a 400-ohm resistor, at 500 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular
coordinates.)

 A. 400 - j318
 B. 318 - j400
 C. 400 + j318
 D. 318 + j400


4BE 5.1     B
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor in
series with a 100-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 121 ohms, /_35_degrees__
 B. 141 ohms, /_45_degrees__
 C. 161 ohms, /_55_degrees__
 D. 181 ohms, /_65_degrees__


4BE 5.2     C
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor, a
100-ohm-reactance capacitor, and a 100-ohm resistor all connected in series?
(Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 100 ohms, /_90_degrees__
 B. 10 ohms, /_0_degrees__
 C. 100 ohms, /_0_degrees__
 D. 10 ohms, /_100_degrees__


4BE 5.3     D
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance capacitor
in series with a 300-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 240 ohms, /_36.9_degrees ___
 B. 240 ohms, /_-36.9_degrees__
 C. 500 ohms, /_53.1_degrees__
 D. 500 ohms, /_-53.1_degrees__


4BE 5.4     A
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance capacitor,
a 600-ohm-reactance inductor, and a 400-ohm resistor, all connected in series?
(Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 500 ohms, /_37_degrees__
 B. 400 ohms, /_27_degrees__
 C. 300 ohms, /_17_degrees__
 D. 200 ohms, /_10_degrees__


4BE 5.5     A
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance inductor in
parallel with a 300-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 240 ohms, /_36.9_degrees___
 B. 240 ohms, /_-36.9_degrees__
 C. 500 ohms, /_53.1_degrees__
 D. 500 ohms, /_-53.1_degrees__


4BE 6A.1    B
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 1.0-millihenry inductor in
series with a 200-ohm resistor, at 30 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular
coordinates.)

 A. 200 - j188
 B. 200 + j188
 C. 188 + j200
 D. 188 - j200


4BE 6A.2    C
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-millihenry inductor in
series with a 600-ohm resistor, at 10 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular
coordinates.)

 A. 628 + j600
 B. 628 - j600
 C. 600 + j628
 D. 600 - j628


4BE 6A.3    D
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.01-microfarad capacitor in
parallel with a 300-ohm resistor, at 50 kHz? (Specify your answer in
rectangular coordinates.)

 A. 150 - j159
 B. 150 + j159
 C. 159 + j150
 D. 159 - j150


4BE 6A.4    B
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microfarad capacitor in
series with a 40-ohm resistor, at 50 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular
coordinates.)

 A. 40 + j32
 B. 40 - j32
 C. 32 - j40
 D. 32 + j40


4BE 6A.5    C
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 1.0-microfarad capacitor in
parallel with a 30-ohm resistor, at 5 MHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular
coordinates.)

 A. 0.000034 + j.032
 B. 0.032 + j.000034
 C. 0.000034 - j.032
 D. 0.032 - j.000034


4BE 6B.1    B
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor
in series with a 100-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 121 ohms, /_-25_degrees__
 B. 141 ohms, /_-45_degrees__
 C. 161 ohms, /_-65_degrees__
 D. 191 ohms, /_-85_degrees__


4BE 6B.2    C
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor
in parallel with a 100-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar
coordinates.)

 A. 31 ohms, /_-15_degrees__
 B. 51 ohms, /_-25_degrees__
 C. 71 ohms, /_-45_degrees__
 D. 91 ohms, /_-65_degrees__


4BE 6B.3    B
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance inductor in
series with a 400-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 400 ohms, /_27_degrees__
 B. 500 ohms, /_37_degrees__
 C. 600 ohms, /_47_degrees__
 D. 700 ohms, /_57_degrees__


4BE 6B.4    A
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor in
parallel with a 100-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 71 ohms, /_45_degrees__
 B. 81 ohms, /_55_degrees__
 C. 91 ohms, /_65_degrees__
 D. 100 ohms, /_75_degrees__


4BE 6B.5    D
What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance capacitor
in series with a 400-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)

 A. 200 ohms, /_-10_degrees __
 B. 300 ohms, /_-17_degrees__
 C. 400 ohms, /_-27_degrees__
 D. 500 ohms, /_-37_degrees__


4BF 1A.1  D
What is an enhancement-mode FET?

 A. An FET with a channel that blocks voltage through the gate
 B. An FET with a channel that allows a current when the gate voltage is
    zero
 C. An FET without a channel to hinder current through the gate
 D. An FET without a channel; no current occurs with zero gate voltage


4BF 1B.1  A
What is a depletion-mode FET?

 A. An FET that has a channel with no gate voltage applied; a current flows
    with zero gate voltage
 B. An FET that has a channel that blocks current when the gate voltage is
    zero
 C. An FET without a channel; no current flows with zero gate voltage
 D. An FET without a channel to hinder current through the gate


4BF 1C.1  A
What is the schematic symbol for an N-channel MOSFET?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BF 1C.2  B
What is the schematic symbol for a P-channel MOSFET?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BF 1C.3  C
What is the schematic symbol for an N-channel dual-gate MOSFET?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BF 1C.4  D
What is the schematic symbol for a P-channel dual-gate MOSFET?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BF 1C.5  D
Why do many MOSFET devices have built-in gate-protective Zener diodes?

 A. The gate-protective Zener diode provides a voltage reference to provide
    the correct amount of reverse-bias gate voltage
 B. The gate-protective Zener diode protects the substrate from excessive
    voltages
 C. The gate-protective Zener diode keeps the gate voltage within
    specifications to prevent the device from overheating
 D. The gate-protective Zener diode prevents the gate insulation from being
    punctured by small static charges or excessive voltages


4BF 1D.1  C
What do the initials CMOS stand for?

 A. Common mode oscillating system
 B. Complementary mica-oxide silicon
 C. Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
 D. Complementary metal-oxide substrate


4BF 1D.2  A
Why are special precautions necessary in handling FET and CMOS devices?

 A. They are susceptible to damage from static charges
 B. They have fragile leads that may break off
 C. They have micro-welded semiconductor junctions that are susceptible to
    breakage
 D. They are light sensitive


4BF 1E.1  A
What is the schematic symbol for an N-channel junction FET?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BF 1E.2  D
How does the input impedance of a field-effect transistor compare with that of
a bipolar transistor?

 A. One cannot compare input impedance without first knowing the supply
    voltage
 B. An FET has low input impedance; a bipolar transistor has high input
    impedance
 C. The input impedance of FETs and bipolar transistors is the same
 D. An FET has high input impedance; a bipolar transistor has low input
    impedance


4BF 1E.3  D
What are the three terminals of a field-effect transistor?

 A. Gate 1, gate 2, drain
 B. Emitter, base, collector
 C. Emitter, base 1, base 2
 D. Gate, drain, source


4BF 1F.1  B
What is the schematic symbol for a P-channel junction FET?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BF 1F.2  A
What are the two basic types of junction field-effect transistors?

 A. N channel and P-channel
 B. High power and low power
 C. MOSFET and GaAsFET
 D. Silicon FET and germanium FET


4BF 2.1   A
What is an operational amplifier?

 A. A high-gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier whose
    characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier
    unit
 B. A high-gain, direct-coupled audio amplifier whose characteristics are
    determined by components external to the amplifier unit
 C. An amplifier used to increase the average output of frequency modulated
    amateur signals to the legal limit
 D. A program subroutine that calculates the gain of an RF amplifier


4BF 2.2   A
What is the schematic symbol for an operational amplifier?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BF 2.3   B
What would be the characteristics of the ideal op-amp?

 A. Zero input impedance, infinite output impedance, infinite gain, flat
    frequency response
 B. Infinite input impedance, zero output impedance, infinite gain, flat
    frequency response
 C. Zero input impedance, zero output impedance, infinite gain, flat
    frequency response
 D. Infinite input impedance, infinite output impedance, infinite gain,
    flat frequency response


4BF 2.4   A
What determines the gain of a closed-loop op-amp circuit?

 A. The external feedback network
 B. The collector-to-base capacitance of the PNP stage
 C. The power supply voltage
 D. The PNP collector load


4BF 2.5   C
What is meant by the term op-amp offset voltage?

 A. The output voltage of the op-amp minus its input voltage
 B. The difference between the output voltage of the op-amp and the input
    voltage required in the following stage
 C. The potential between the amplifier-input terminals of the op-amp in a
    closed-loop condition
 D. The potential between the amplifier-input terminals of the op-amp in an
    open-loop condition


4BF 2.6   D
What is the input impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?

 A. 100 ohms
 B. 1000 ohms
 C. Very low
 D. Very high


4BF 2.7   A
What is the output impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?

 A. Very low
 B. Very high
 C. 100 ohms
 D. 1000 ohms


4BF 3.1   D
What is a phase-locked loop circuit?

 A. An electronic servo loop consisting of a ratio detector, reactance
    modulator, and voltage-controlled oscillator
 B. An electronic circuit also known as a monostable multivibrator
 C. An electronic circuit consisting of a precision push-pull amplifier
    with a differential input
 D. An electronic servo loop consisting of a phase detector, a low-pass
    filter and voltage-controlled oscillator


4BF 3.2   D
What functions are performed by a phase-locked loop?

 A. Wideband AF and RF power amplification
 B. Comparison of two digital input signals, digital pulse counter
 C. Photovoltaic conversion, optical coupling
 D. Frequency synthesis, FM demodulation


4BF 3.3   B
A circuit compares the output from a voltage-controlled oscillator and a
frequency standard. The difference between the two frequencies produces an
error voltage that changes the voltage-controlled oscillator frequency. What is
the name of this circuit?

 A. A doubly balanced mixer
 B. A phase-locked loop
 C. A differential voltage amplifier
 D. A variable frequency oscillator


4BF 4.1   B
What do the initials TTL stand for?

 A. Resistor-transistor logic
 B. Transistor-transistor logic
 C. Diode-transistor logic
 D. Emitter-coupled logic


4BF 4.2   C
What is the recommended power supply voltage for TTL series integrated
circuits?

 A. 12.00 volts
 B. 50.00 volts
 C. 5.00 volts
 D. 13.60 volts


4BF 4.3   A
What logic state do the inputs of a TTL device assume if they are left open?

 A. A high logic state
 B. A low logic state
 C. The device becomes randomized and will not provide consistent high or
    low logic states
 D. Open inputs on a TTL device are ignored


4BF 4.4   A
What level of input voltage is high in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt
power supply?

 A. 2.0 to 5.5 volts
 B. 1.5 to 3.0 volts
 C. 1.0 to 1.5 volts
 D. -5.0 to -2.0 volts


4BF 4.5   C
What level of input voltage is low in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt
power supply?

 A. -2.0 to -5.5 volts
 B. 2.0 to 5.5 volts
 C. -0.6 to 0.8 volts
 D. -0.8 to 0.4 volts


4BF 4.6 D
Why do circuits containing TTL devices have several bypass capacitors per
printed circuit board?

 A. To prevent RFI to receivers
 B. To keep the switching noise within the circuit, thus eliminating RFI
 C. To filter out switching harmonics
 D. To prevent switching transients from appearing on the supply line


4BF 5.1 B
What is a CMOS IC?

 A. A chip with only P-channel transistors
 B. A chip with P-channel and N-channel transistors
 C. A chip with only N-channel transistors
 D. A chip with only bipolar transistors


4BF 5.2 B
What is one major advantage of CMOS over other devices?

 A. Small size
 B. Low current consumption
 C. Low cost
 D. Ease of circuit design


4BF 5.3 C
Why do CMOS digital integrated circuits have high immunity to noise on the
input signal or power supply?

 A. Larger bypass capacitors are used in CMOS circuit design
 B. The input switching threshold is about two times the power supply
    voltage
 C. The input switching threshold is about one-half the power supply
    voltage
 D. Input signals are stronger


4BF 6.1 C
What is the name for a vacuum tube that is commonly found in television cameras
used for amateur television?

 A. A traveling-wave tube
 B. A klystron tube
 C. A vidicon tube
 D. A cathode-ray tube


4BF 6.2 D
How is the electron beam deflected in a vidicon?

 A. By varying the beam voltage
 B. By varying the bias voltage on the beam forming grids inside the tube
 C. By varying the beam current
 D. By varying electromagnetic fields


4BF 6.3 D
What type of CRT deflection is better when high-frequency waves are to be
displayed on the screen?

 A. Electromagnetic
 B. Tubular
 C. Radar
 D. Electrostatic


4BG 1A.1   D
What is a flip-flop circuit?

 A. A binary sequential logic element with one stable state
 B. A binary sequential logic element with eight stable states
 C. A binary sequential logic element with four stable states
 D. A binary sequential logic element with two stable states


4BG 1A.2   A
How many bits of information can be stored in a single flip-flop circuit?

 A. 1
 B. 2
 C. 3
 D. 4


4BG 1A.3   C
What is a bistable multivibrator circuit?

 A. An "AND" gate
 B. An "OR" gate
 C. A flip-flop
 D. A clock


4BG 1A.4   C
How many output changes are obtained for every two trigger pulses applied to
the input of a bistable T flip-flop circuit?

 A. No output level changes
 B. One output level change
 C. Two output level changes
 D. Four output level changes


4BG 1A.5   C
The frequency of an ac signal can be divided electronically by what type of
digital circuit?

 A. A free-running multivibrator
 B. An OR gate
 C. A bistable multivibrator
 D. An astable multivibrator


4BG 1A.6   C
What type of digital IC is also known as a latch?

 A. A decade counter
 B. An OR gate
 C. A flip-flop
 D. An op-amp


4BG 1A.7   B
How many flip-flops are required to divide a signal frequency by 4?

 A. 1
 B. 2
 C. 4
 D. 8


4BG 1B.1   D
What is an astable multivibrator?

 A. A circuit that alternates between two stable states
 B. A circuit that alternates between a stable state and an unstable state
 C. A circuit set to block either a 0 pulse or a 1 pulse and pass the other
 D. A circuit that alternates between two unstable states


4BG 1B.2   A
What is a monostable multivibrator?

 A. A circuit that can be switched momentarily to the opposite binary state
    and then returns after a set time to its original state
 B. A "clock" circuit that produces a continuous square wave oscillating
    between 1 and 0
 C. A circuit designed to store one bit of data in either the 0 or the 1
    configuration
 D. A circuit that maintains a constant output voltage, regardless of
    variations in the input voltage


4BG 1C.1   A
What is an AND gate?

 A. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs
    are logic "1"
 B. A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs
    are logic "1"
 C. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if only one input is
    a logic "1"
 D. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are
    logic "0"


4BG 1C.2   A
What is the schematic symbol for an AND gate?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BG 1C.3   D
What is a NAND gate?

 A. A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs
    are logic "0"
 B. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output only when all inputs
    are logic "1"
 C. A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output if some but not all
    of its inputs are logic "1"
 D. A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs
    are logic "1"


4BG 1C.4   B
What is the schematic symbol for a NAND gate?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BG 1C.5   A
What is an OR gate?

 A. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if any input is logic
    "1"
 B. A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output if any input is logic
    "1"
 C. A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are
    logic "1"
 D. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are
    logic "0"


4BG 1C.6   D
What is the schematic symbol for an OR gate?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BG 1C.7   C
What is a NOR gate?

 A. A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs
    are logic "0"
 B. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs
    are logic "1"
 C. A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output if any or all inputs
    are logic "1"
 D. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if some but not all
    of its inputs are logic "1"


4BG 1C.8   D
What is the schematic symbol for a NOR gate?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BG 1C.9   A
What is a NOT gate?

 A. A circuit that produces a logic "O" at its output when the input is
    logic "1" and vice versa
 B. A circuit that does not allow data transmission when its input is high
 C. A circuit that allows data transmission only when its input is high
 D. A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output when the input is
    logic "1" and vice versa


4BG 1C.10  A
What is the schematic symbol for a NOT gate?

 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.


4BG 1D.1   C
What is a truth table?

 A. A table of logic symbols that indicate the high logic states of an
    op-amp
 B. A diagram showing logic states when the digital device's output is true
 C. A list of input combinations and their corresponding outputs that
    characterizes a digital device's function
 D. A table of logic symbols that indicates the low logic states of an
    op-amp


4BG 1D.2   D
In a positive-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1?

 A. A low level
 B. A positive-transition level
 C. A negative-transition level
 D. A high level


4BG 1D.3   A
In a positive-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 0?

 A. A low level
 B. A positive-transition level
 C. A negative-transition level
 D. A high level


4BG 1D.4   A
In a negative-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1?

 A. A low level
 B. A positive-transition level
 C. A negative-transition level
 D. A high level


4BG 1D.5   D
In a negative-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 0?

 A. A low level
 B. A positive-transition level
 C. A negative-transition level
 D. A high level


4BG 2A.1   D
What is a crystal-controlled marker generator?

 A. A low-stability oscillator that "sweeps" through a band of frequencies
 B. An oscillator often used in aircraft to determine the craft's location
    relative to the inner and outer markers at airports
 C. A high-stability oscillator whose output frequency and amplitude can be
    varied over a wide range
 D. A high-stability oscillator that generates a series of reference
    signals at known frequency intervals


4BG 2A.2   C
What additional circuitry is required in a 100-kHz crystal-controlled marker
generator to provide markers at 50 and 25 kHz?

 A. An emitter-follower
 B. Two frequency multipliers
 C. Two flip-flops
 D. A voltage divider


4BG 2B.1   D
What is the purpose of a prescaler circuit?

 A. It converts the output of a JK flip-flop to that of an RS flip-flop
 B. It multiplies an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the
    operating frequency
 C. It prevents oscillation in a low frequency counter circuit
 D. It divides an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the
    operating frequency


4BG 2B.2   A
What does the accuracy of a frequency counter depend on?

 A. The internal crystal reference
 B. A voltage-regulated power supply with an unvarying output
 C. Accuracy of the ac input frequency to the power supply
 D. Proper balancing of the power-supply diodes


4BG 2B.3   B
How many states does a decade counter digital IC have?

 A. 6
 B. 10
 C. 15
 D. 20


4BG 2B.4   B
What is the function of a decade counter digital IC?

 A. Decode a decimal number for display on a seven-segment LED display
 B. Produce one output pulse for every ten input pulses
 C. Produce ten output pulses for every input pulse
 D. Add two decimal numbers


4BG 3A.1   D
What are the advantages of using an op-amp instead of LC elements in an audio
filter?

 A. Op-amps are more rugged and can withstand more abuse than can LC
    elements
 B. Op-amps are fixed at one frequency
 C. Op-amps are available in more styles and types than are LC elements
 D. Op-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion loss


4BG 3A.2   B
What determines the gain and frequency characteristics of an op-amp RC active
filter?

 A. Values of capacitances and resistances built into the op-amp
 B. Values of capacitances and resistances external to the op-amp
 C. Voltage and frequency of dc input to the op-amp power supply
 D. Regulated dc voltage output from the op-amp power supply


4BG 3A.3   D
What are the principle uses of an op-amp RC active filter in amateur circuitry?

 A. Op-amp circuits are used as high-pass filters to block RFI at the input
    to receivers
 B. Op-amp circuits are used as low-pass filters between transmitters and
    transmission lines
 C. Op-amp circuits are used as filters for smoothing power-supply output
 D. Op-amp circuits are used as audio filters for receivers


4BG 3B.1   C
What type of capacitors should be used in an op-amp RC active filter circuit?

 A. Electrolytic
 B. Disc ceramic
 C. Polystyrene
 D. Paper dielectric


4BG 3B.2   A
How can unwanted ringing and audio instability be prevented in a multisection
op-amp RC audio filter circuit?

 A. Restrict both gain and Q
 B. Restrict gain, but increase Q
 C. Restrict Q, but increase gain
 D. Increase both gain and Q


4BG 3B.3   D
Where should an op-amp RC active audio filter be placed in an amateur receiver?

 A. In the IF strip, immediately before the detector
 B. In the audio circuitry immediately before the speaker or phone jack
 C. Between the balanced modulator and frequency multiplier
 D. In the low-level audio stages


4BG 3B.4   A
What parameter must be selected when designing an audio filter using an op-amp?

 A. Bandpass characteristics
 B. Desired current gain
 C. Temperature coefficient
 D. Output-offset overshoot


4BG 4A.1   D
What two factors determine the sensitivity of a receiver?

 A. Dynamic range and third-order intercept
 B. Cost and availability
 C. Intermodulation distortion and dynamic range
 D. Bandwidth and noise figure


4BG 4A.2   A
What is the limiting condition for sensitivity in a communications receiver?

 A. The noise floor of the receiver
 B. The power-supply output ripple
 C. The two-tone intermodulation distortion
 D. The input impedance to the detector


4BG 4A.3   B
What is the theoretical minimum noise floor of a receiver with a 400-Hertz
bandwidth?

 A. -141 dBm
 B. -148 dBm
 C. -174 dBm
 D. -180 dBm


4BG 4B.1   B
How can selectivity be achieved in the front-end circuitry of a communications
receiver?

 A. By using an audio filter
 B. By using a preselector
 C. By using an additional RF amplifier stage
 D. By using an additional IF amplifier stage


4BG 4B.2   B
A receiver selectivity of 2.4 kHz in the IF circuitry is optimum for what type
of amateur signals?

 A. CW
 B. SSB voice
 C. Double-sideband AM voice
 D. FSK RTTY


4BG 4B.3   D
What occurs during CW reception if too narrow a filter bandwidth is used in
the IF stage of a receiver?

 A. Undesired signals will reach the audio stage
 B. Output-offset overshoot
 C. Cross-modulation distortion
 D. Filter ringing


4BG 4B.4   B
What degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of an amateur
RTTY receiver?

 A. 100 Hz
 B. 300 Hz
 C. 6000 Hz
 D. 2400 Hz


4BG 4B.5   B
A receiver selectivity of 10 kHz in the IF circuitry is optimum for what type
of amateur signals?

 A. SSB voice
 B. Double-sideband AM
 C. CW
 D. FSK RTTY


4BG 4B.6   B
What degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of a singles
sideband phone receiver?

 A. 1 kHz
 B. 2.4 kHz
 C. 4.2 kHz
 D. 4.8 kHz


4BG 4B.7   B
What is an undesirable effect of using too wide a filter bandwidth in the IF
section of a receiver?

 A. Output-offset overshoot
 B. Undesired signals will reach the audio stage
 C. Thermal-noise distortion
 D. Filter ringing


4BG 4B.8   A
How should the filter bandwidth of a receiver IF section compare with the
bandwidth of a received signal?

 A. Filter bandwidth should be slightly greater than the received-signal
    bandwidth
 B. Filter bandwidth should be approximately half the received-signal
    bandwidth
 C. Filter bandwidth should be approximately two times the received-signal
    bandwidth
 D. Filter bandwidth should be approximately four times the received-signal
    bandwidth


4BG 4B.9   D
What degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of an FM phone
receiver?

 A. 1 kHz
 B. 2.4 kHz
 C. 4.2 kHz
 D. 15 kHz


4BG 4B.10  D
How can selectivity be achieved in the IF circuitry of a communications
receiver?

 A. Incorporate a means of varying the supply voltage to the local
    oscillator circuitry
 B. Replace the standard JFET mixer with a bipolar transistor followed by a
    capacitor of the proper value
 C. Remove AGC action from the IF stage and confine it to the audio stage
    only
 D. Incorporate a high-Q filter


4BG 4C.1   C
What is meant by the dynamic range of a communications receiver?

 A. The number of kHz between the lowest and the highest frequency to which
    the receiver can be tuned
 B. The maximum possible undistorted audio output of the receiver,
    referenced to one milliwatt
 C. The ratio between the minimum discernible signal and the largest
    tolerable signal without causing audible distortion products
 D. The difference between the lowest-frequency signal and the
    highest-frequency signal detectable without moving the tuning knob


4BG 4C.2   D
What is the term for the ratio between the largest tolerable receiver input
signal and the minimum discernible signal?

 A. Intermodulation distortion
 B. Noise floor
 C. Noise figure
 D. Dynamic range


4BG 4C.3   A
What type of problems are caused by poor dynamic range in a communications
receiver?

 A. Cross-modulation of the desired signal and desensitization from strong
    adjacent signals
 B. Oscillator instability requiring frequent retuning, and loss of ability
    to recover the opposite sideband, should it be transmitted
 C. Cross-modulation of the desired signal and insufficient audio power to
    operate the speaker
 D. Oscillator instability and severe audio distortion of all but the
    strongest received signals


4BG 4C.4   B
The ability of a communications receiver to perform well in the presence of
strong signals outside the amateur band of interest is indicated by what
parameter?

 A. Noise figure
 B. Blocking dynamic range
 C. Signal-to-noise ratio
 D. Audio output


4BG 4D.1   C
What is meant by the term noise figure of a communications receiver?

 A. The level of noise entering the receiver from the antenna
 B. The relative strength of a received signal 3 kHz removed from the
    carrier frequency
 C. The level of noise generated in the front end and succeeding stages of
    a receiver
 D. The ability of a receiver to reject unwanted signals at frequencies
    close to the desired one


4BG 4D.2   C
Which stage of a receiver primarily establishes its noise figure?

 A. The audio stage
 B. The IF strip
 C. The RF stage
 D. The local oscillator


4BG 5A.1   A
What is an inverting op-amp circuit?

 A. An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and
    output signals are l80 degrees out of phase
 B. An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and
    output signal are in phase
 C. An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and
    output are 90 degrees out of phase
 D. An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input
    impedance is held at zero, while the output impedance is high


4BG 5B.1   B
What is a noninverting op-amp circuit?

 A. An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and
    output signals are l80 degrees out of phase
 B. An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and
    output signal are in phase
 C. An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and
    output are 90 degrees out of phase
 D. An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input
    impedance is held at zero while the output impedance is high


4BG 5C.1   D
What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure 4BG-5 when R1 is
1000 ohms and Rf is 100 kilohms?

 A. 0.01
 B. 1
 C. 10
 D. 100


4BG 5C.2   C
What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure 4BG-5 when R1 is
1800 ohms and Rf is 68 kilohms?

 A. 1
 B. 0.03
 C. 38
 D. 76


4BG 5C.3   B
What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure 4BG-5 when R1 is
3300 ohms and Rf is 47 kilohms?

 A. 28
 B. 14
 C. 7
 D. 0.07


4BG 5C.4   C
What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure 4BG-5 when R1 is
10 ohms and Rf is 47 kilohms?

 A. 0.00021
 B. 9400
 C. 4700
 D. 2350


4BG 5D.1   D
How does the gain of a theoretically ideal operational amplifier vary with
frequency?

 A. The gain increases linearly with increasing frequency
 B. The gain decreases linearly with increasing frequency
 C. The gain decreases logarithmically with increasing frequency
 D. The gain does not vary with frequency


4BG 6.1    C
What determines the input impedance in a FET common-source amplifier?

 A. The input impedance is essentially determined by the resistance between
    the drain and substrate
 B. The input impedance is essentially determined by the resistance between
    the source and drain
 C. The input impedance is essentially determined by the gate biasing
    network
 D. The input impedance is essentially determined by the resistance between
    the source and substrate


4BG 6.2    A
What determines the output impedance in a FET common-source amplifier?

 A. The output impedance is essentially determined by the drain resistor
 B. The output impedance is essentially determined by the input impedance
    of the FET
 C. The output impedance is essentially determined by the drain-supply
    voltage
 D. The output impedance is essentially determined by the gate supply
    voltage


4BG 7.1    A
What frequency range will be tuned by the circuit in Figure 4BG-7 when L is 10
microhenrys, Cf is 156 picofarads, and Cv is 50 picofarads maximum and 2
picofarads minimum?

 A. 3508 through 4004 kHz
 B. 6998 through 7360 kHz
 C. 13.396 through 14.402 MHz
 D. 49.998 through 54.101 MHz


4BG 7.2    A
What frequency range will be tuned by the circuit in Figure 4BG-7 when L is 30
microhenrys, Cf is 200 picofarads, and Cv is 80 picofarads maximum and 10
picofarads minimum?

 A. 1737 through 2005 kHz
 B. 3507 through 4004 kHz
 C. 7002 through 7354 kHz
 D. 14.990 through 15.020 MHz


4BG 8.1    C
What is the purpose of a bypass capacitor?

 A. It increases the resonant frequency of the circuit
 B. It removes direct current from the circuit by shunting dc to ground
 C. It removes alternating current by providing a low impedance path to
    ground
 D. It acts as a voltage divider


4BG 8.2    A
What is the purpose of a coupling capacitor?

 A. It blocks direct current and passes alternating current
 B. It blocks alternating current and passes direct current
 C. It increases the resonant frequency of the circuit
 D. It decreases the resonant frequency of the circuit


4BH 1A.1  A
In a pulse-width modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal
vary?

 A. Pulse duration
 B. Pulse frequency
 C. Pulse amplitude
 D. Pulse intensity


4BH 1A.2  C
What is the type of modulation in which the modulating signal varies the
duration of the transmitted pulse?

 A. Amplitude modulation
 B. Frequency modulation
 C. Pulse-width modulation
 D. Pulse-height modulation


4BH 1B.1  D
In a pulse-position modulation system, what parameter does the modulating
signal vary?

 A. The number of pulses per second
 B. Both the frequency and amplitude of the pulses
 C. The duration of the pulses
 D. The time at which each pulse occurs


4BH 1B.2  A
Why is the transmitter peak power in a pulse modulation system much greater
than its average power?

 A. The signal duty cycle is less than 100%
 B. The signal reaches peak amplitude only when voice-modulated
 C. The signal reaches peak amplitude only when voltage spikes are
    generated within the modulator
 D. The signal reaches peak amplitude only when the pulses are also
    amplitude-modulated


4BH 1B.3  C
What is one way that voice is transmitted in a pulse-width modulation system?

 A. A standard pulse is varied in amplitude by an amount depending on the
    voice waveform at that instant
 B. The position of a standard pulse is varied by an amount depending on
    the voice waveform at that instant
 C. A standard pulse is varied in duration by an amount depending on the
    voice waveform at that instant
 D. The number of standard pulses per second varies depending on the voice
    waveform at that instant


4BH 2A.1  D
What digital code consists of elements having unequal length?

 A. ASCII
 B. AX.25
 C. Baudot
 D. Morse code


4BH 2B.1  C
What digital communications system is well suited for meteor-scatter
communications?

 A. ACSSB
 B. AMTOR
 C. Packet radio
 D. Spread spectrum


4BH 2B.2  A
The International Organization for Standardization has developed a seven-level
reference model for a packet-radio communications structure.  What level is
responsible for the actual transmission of data and handshaking signals?

 A. The physical layer
 B. The transport layer
 C. The communications layer
 D. The synchronization layer


4BH 2B.3  B
The International Organization for Standardization has developed a seven-level
reference model for a packet-radio communications structure. What level
arranges the bits into frames and controls data flow?

 A. The transport layer
 B. The link layer
 C. The communications layer
 D. The synchronization layer


4BH 2C.1  C
What is one advantage of using the ASCII code, with its larger character set,
instead of the Baudot code?

 A. ASCII includes built-in error-correction features
 B. ASCII characters contain fewer information bits than Baudot characters
 C. It is possible to transmit upper and lower case text
 D. The larger character set allows store-and-forward control characters to
    be added to a message


4BH 2D.1  D
What type of error control system does Mode A AMTOR use?

 A. Each character is sent twice
 B. The receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS)
    against the transmitted FCS
 C. Mode A AMTOR does not include an error control system
 D. The receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed


4BH 2D.2  A
What type of error control system does Mode B AMTOR use?

 A. Each character is sent twice
 B. The receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS)
    against the transmitted FCS
 C. Mode B AMTOR does not include an error control system
 D. The receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed


4BH 2E.1  D
What is the duration of a 45-baud Baudot RTTY data pulse?

 A. 11 milliseconds
 B. 40 milliseconds
 C. 31 milliseconds
 D. 22 milliseconds


4BH 2E.2  B
What is the duration of a 45-baud Baudot RTTY start pulse?

 A. 11 milliseconds
 B. 22 milliseconds
 C. 31 milliseconds
 D. 40 milliseconds


4BH 2E.3  C
What is the duration of a 45-baud Baudot stop pulse?

 A. 11 milliseconds
 B. 18 milliseconds
 C. 31 milliseconds
 D. 40 milliseconds


4BH 2E.4  B
What is the primary advantage of AMTOR over Baudot RTTY?

 A. AMTOR characters contain fewer information bits than Baudot characters
 B. AMTOR includes an error detection system
 C. Surplus radioteletype machines that use the AMTOR code are readily
    available
 D. Photographs can be transmitted using AMTOR


4BH 2F.1  B
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-Hertz shift, 45-baud Baudot emission
F1B transmission?

 A. 45 Hz
 B. 249 Hz
 C. 442 Hz
 D. 600 Hz


4BH 2F.2  B
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-Hertz shift, 45-baud Baudot emission
J2B transmission?

 A. 45 Hz
 B. 249 Hz
 C. 442 Hz
 D. 600 Hz


4BH 2F.3  B
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-Hertz shift, 74-baud Baudot emission
F1B transmission?

 A. 250 Hz
 B. 278 Hz
 C. 442 Hz
 D. 600 Hz


4BH 2F.4  B
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-Hertz shift, 74-baud Baudot emission
J2B transmission?

 A. 250 Hz
 B. 278 Hz
 C. 442 Hz
 D. 600 Hz


4BH 2F.5  C
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 13-WPM international Morse code emission
A1A transmission?

 A. Approximately 13 Hz
 B. Approximately 26 Hz
 C. Approximately 52 Hz
 D. Approximately 104 Hz


4BH 2F.6  C
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 13-WPM international Morse code emission
J2A transmission?

 A. Approximately 13 Hz
 B. Approximately 26 Hz
 C. Approximately 52 Hz
 D. Approximately 104 Hz


4BH 2F.7  D
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 1000-Hertz shift, 1200-baud ASCII emission
F1D transmission?

 A. 1000 Hz
 B. 1200 Hz
 C. 440 Hz
 D. 2400 Hz


4BH 2F.8  A
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 4800-hertz frequency shift, 9600-baud
ASCII emission F1D transmission?

 A. 15.36 kHz
 B. 9.6 kHz
 C. 4.8 kHz
 D. 5.76 kHz


4BH 2F.9  A
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 4800-hertz frequency shift, 9600-baud
ASCII emission J2D transmission?

 A. 15.36 kHz
 B. 9.6 kHz
 C. 4.8 kHz
 D. 5.76 kHz


4BH 2F.10 C
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 5-WPM international Morse code emission
A1A transmission?

 A. Approximately 5 Hz
 B. Approximately 10 Hz
 C. Approximately 20 Hz
 D. Approximately 40 Hz


4BH 2F.11 C
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 5-WPM international Morse code emission
J2A transmission?

 A. Approximately 5 Hz
 B. Approximately 10 Hz
 C. Approximately 20 Hz
 D. Approximately 40 Hz


4BH 2F.12 B
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-Hertz shift, 110-baud ASCII emission
F1B transmission?

 A. 304 Hz
 B. 314 Hz
 C. 608 Hz
 D. 628 Hz


4BH 2F.13 B
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-Hertz shift, 110-baud ASCII emission
J2B transmission?

 A. 304 Hz
 B. 314 Hz
 C. 608 Hz
 D. 628 Hz


4BH 2F.14 C
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-Hertz shift, 300-baud ASCII emission
F1D transmission?

 A. 0 Hz
 B. 0.3 kHz
 C. 0.5 kHz
 D. 1.0 kHz


4BH 2F.15 C
What is the necessary bandwidth for a 170-Hertz shift, 300-baud ASCII emission
J2D transmission?

 A. 0 Hz
 B. 0.3 kHz
 C. 0.5 kHz
 D. 1.0 kHz


4BH 3.1   C
What is amplitude compandored single sideband?

 A. Reception of single sideband with a conventional CW receiver
 B. Reception of single sideband with a conventional FM receiver
 C. Single sideband incorporating speech compression at the transmitter and
    speech expansion at the receiver
 D. Single sideband incorporating speech expansion at the transmitter and
    speech compression at the receiver


4BH 3.2   A
What is meant by compandoring?

 A. Compressing speech at the transmitter and expanding it at the receiver
 B. Using an audio-frequency signal to produce pulse-length modulation
 C. Combining amplitude and frequency modulation to produce a
    single-sideband signal
 D. Detecting and demodulating a single-sideband signal by converting it to
    a pulse-modulated signal


4BH 3.3   A
What is the purpose of a pilot tone in an amplitude compandored single sideband
system?

 A. It permits rapid tuning of a mobile receiver

 B. It replaces the suppressed carrier at the receiver

 C. It permits rapid change of frequency to escape high-powered
    interference

 D. It acts as a beacon to indicate the present propagation
    characteristic of the band


4BH 3.4   D
What is the approximate frequency of the pilot tone in an amplitude compandored
single sideband system?

 A. 1 kHz
 B. 5 MHz
 C. 455 kHz
 D. 3 kHz


4BH 3.5   B
How many more voice transmissions can be packed into a given frequency band for
amplitude-compandored single-sideband systems over conventional FM-phone
systems?

 A. 2
 B. 4
 C. 8
 D. 16


4BH 4.1   D
What term describes a wide-bandwidth communications system in which the RF
carrier varies according to some predetermined sequence?

 A. Amplitude compandored single sideband
 B. AMTOR
 C. Time-domain frequency modulation
 D. Spread spectrum communication


4BH 4.2   A
What is the term used to describe a spread spectrum communications system where
the center frequency of a conventional carrier is altered many times per second
in accordance with a pseudo-random list of channels?

 A. Frequency hopping
 B. Direct sequence
 C. Time-domain frequency modulation
 D. Frequency compandored spread spectrum


4BH 4.3   B
What term is used to describe a spread spectrum communications system in which
a very fast binary bit stream is used to shift the phase of an RF carrier?

 A. Frequency hopping
 B. Direct sequence
 C. Binary phase-shift keying
 D. Phase compandored spread spectrum


4BH 5.1   D
What is the term for the amplitude of the maximum positive excursion of a
signal as viewed on an oscilloscope?

 A. Peak-to-peak voltage
 B. Inverse peak negative voltage
 C. RMS voltage
 D. Peak positive voltage


4BH 5.2   D
What is the term for the amplitude of the maximum negative excursion of a
signal as viewed on an oscilloscope?

 A. Peak-to-peak voltage
 B. Inverse peak positive voltage
 C. RMS voltage
 D. Peak negative voltage


4BH 6A.1  A
What is the easiest voltage amplitude dimension to measure by viewing a pure
sine wave signal on an oscilloscope?

 A. Peak-to-peak voltage
 B. RMS voltage
 C. Average voltage
 D. DC voltage


4BH 6A.2  B
What is the relationship between the peak-to-peak voltage and the peak voltage
amplitude in a symmetrical wave form?

 A. 1:1
 B. 2:1
 C. 3:1
 D. 4:1


4BH 6A.3  A
What input-amplitude parameter is valuable in evaluating the signal handling
capability of a Class A amplifier?

 A. Peak voltage
 B. Average voltage
 C. RMS voltage
 D. Resting voltage


4BI 1A.1  A
What is an isotropic radiator?

 A. A hypothetical, omnidirectional antenna
 B. In the northern hemisphere, an antenna whose directive pattern is
    constant in southern directions
 C. An antenna high enough in the air that its directive pattern is
    substantially unaffected by the ground beneath it
 D. An antenna whose directive pattern is substantially unaffected by the
    spacing of the elements


4BI 1B.1  A
When is it useful to refer to an isotropic radiator?

 A. When comparing the gains of directional antennas
 B. When testing a transmission line for standing wave ratio
 C. When (in the northern hemisphere) directing the transmission in a
    southerly direction
 D. When using a dummy load to tune a transmitter


4BI 1B.2  D
What theoretical reference antenna provides a comparison for antenna
measurements?

 A. Quarter-wave vertical
 B. Yagi
 C. Bobtail curtain
 D. Isotropic radiator


4BI 1B.3  B
What purpose does an isotropic radiator serve?

 A. It is used to compare signal strengths (at a distant point) of
    different transmitters
 B. It is used as a reference for antenna gain measurements
 C. It is used as a dummy load for tuning transmitters
 D. It is used to measure the standing-wave-ratio on a transmission line


4BI 1B.4  B
How much gain does a 1/2-wavelength dipole have over an isotropic radiator?

 A. About 1.5 dB
 B. About 2.1 dB
 C. About 3.0 dB
 D. About 6.0 dB


4BI 1B.5  A
How much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 6
dB gain over an isotropic radiator?

 A. About 3.9 dB
 B. About 6.0 dB
 C. About 8.1 dB
 D. About 10.0 dB


4BI 1B.6  B
How much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 12
dB gain over an isotropic radiator?

 A. About 6.1 dB
 B. About 9.9 dB
 C. About 12.0 dB
 D. About 14.1 dB


4BI 1C.1  D
What is the antenna pattern for an isotropic radiator?

 A. A figure-8
 B. A unidirectional cardioid
 C. A parabola
 D. A sphere


4BI 1C.2  D
What type of directivity pattern does an isotropic radiator have?

 A. A figure-8
 B. A unidirectional cardioid
 C. A parabola
 D. A sphere


4BI 2A.1  D
What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced
1/2 wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?

 A. Unidirectional cardioid
 B. Omnidirectional
 C. Figure-8 broadside to the antennas
 D. Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas


4BI 2A.2  A
What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced
1/4 wavelength apart and fed 90 degrees out of phase?

 A. Unidirectional cardioid
 B. Figure-8 end-fire
 C. Figure-8 broadside
 D. Omnidirectional


4BI 2A.3  C
What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced
1/2 wavelength apart and fed in phase?

 A. Omnidirectional
 B. Cardioid unidirectional
 C. Figure-8 broadside to the antennas
 D. Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas


4BI 2A.4  C
How far apart should two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas be spaced in order to
produce a figure-8 pattern that is broadside to the plane of the verticals when
fed in phase?

 A. 1/8 wavelength
 B. 1/4 wavelength
 C. 1/2 wavelength
 D. 1 wavelength


4BI 2A.5  A
How many 1/2 wavelengths apart should two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas be
spaced to produce a figure-8 pattern that is in line with the vertical antennas
when they are fed 180 degrees out of phase?

 A. One half wavelength apart
 B. Two half wavelengths apart
 C. Three half wavelengths apart
 D. Four half wavelengths apart


4BI 2A.6  D
What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced
1/4 wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?

 A. Omnidirectional
 B. Cardioid unidirectional
 C. Figure-8 broadside to the antennas
 D. Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas


4BI 2A.7  D
What is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced
1/8 wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?

 A. Omnidirectional
 B. Cardioid unidirectional
 C. Figure-8 broadside to the antennas
 D. Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas


4BI 2A.8  A
What is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced
1/8 wavelength apart and fed in phase?

 A. Omnidirectional
 B. Cardioid unidirectional
 C. Figure-8 broadside to the antennas
 D. Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas


4BI 2A.9  B
What is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced
1/4 wavelength apart and fed in phase?

 A. Substantially unidirectional
 B. Elliptical
 C. Cardioid unidirectional
 D. Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas


4BI 3A.1  B
What is a resonant rhombic antenna?

 A. A unidirectional antenna, each of whose sides is equal to half a
    wavelength and which is terminated in a resistance equal to its
    characteristic impedance
 B. A bidirectional antenna open at the end opposite that to which the
    transmission line is connected and with each side approximately equal
    to one wavelength
 C. An antenna with an LC network at each vertex (other than that to which
    the transmission line is connected) tuned to resonate at the operating
    frequency
 D. A high-frequency antenna, each of whose sides contains traps for
    changing the resonance to match the band in use


4BI 3B.1  A
What is a nonresonant rhombic antenna?

 A. A unidirectional antenna terminated in a resistance equal to its
    characteristic impedance
 B. An open-ended bidirectional antenna
 C. An antenna resonant at approximately double the frequency of the
    intended band of operation
 D. A horizontal triangular antenna consisting of two adjacent sides and
    the long diagonal of a resonant rhombic antenna


4BI 3B.2  A
What are the advantages of a nonresonant rhombic antenna?

 A. Wide frequency range, high gain and high front-to-back ratio
 B. High front-to-back ratio, compact size and high gain
 C. Unidirectional radiation pattern, high gain and compact size
 D. Bidirectional radiation pattern, high gain and wide frequency range


4BI 3B.3  D
What are the disadvantages of a nonresonant rhombic antenna?

 A. It requires a large area for proper installation and has a narrow
    bandwidth
 B. It requires a large area for proper installation and has a low
    front-to-back ratio
 C. It requires a large amount of aluminum tubing and has a low
    front-to-back ratio
 D. It requires a large area and four sturdy supports for proper
    installation


4BI 3B.4  D
What is the characteristic impedance at the input of a nonresonant rhombic
antenna?

 A. 50 to 55 ohms
 B. 70 to 75 ohms
 C. 300 to 350 ohms
 D. 700 to 800 ohms


4BI 3C.1  B
What is the effect of a terminating resistor on a rhombic antenna?

 A. It reflects the standing waves on the antenna elements back to the
    transmitter
 B. It changes the radiation pattern from essentially bidirectional to
    essentially unidirectional
 C. It changes the radiation pattern from horizontal to vertical
    polarization
 D. It decreases the ground loss


4BI 3C.2  C
What should be the value of the terminating resistor on a rhombic antenna?

 A. About 50 ohms
 B. About 75 ohms
 C. About 800 ohms
 D. About 1800 ohms


4BI 4A.1  A
What factors determine the receiving antenna gain required at an amateur
station in earth operation?

 A. Height, transmitter power and antennas of satellite
 B. Length of transmission line and impedance match between receiver and
    transmission line
 C. Preamplifier location on transmission line and presence or absence of
    RF amplifier stages
 D. Height of earth antenna and satellite orbit


4BI 4A.2  A
What factors determine the EIRP required by an amateur station in earth
operation?

 A. Satellite antennas and height, satellite receiver sensitivity
 B. Path loss, earth antenna gain, signal-to-noise ratio
 C. Satellite transmitter power and orientation of ground receiving antenna
 D. Elevation of satellite above horizon, signal-to-noise ratio, satellite
    transmitter power


4BI 4A.3  B
What factors determine the EIRP required by an amateur station in telecommand
operation?

 A. Path loss, earth antenna gain, signal-to-noise ratio
 B. Satellite antennas and height, satellite receiver sensitivity
 C. Satellite transmitter power and orientation of ground receiving antenna
 D. Elevation of satellite above horizon, signal-to-noise ratio, satellite
    transmitter power


4BI 4A.4  C
How does the gain of a parabolic dish type antenna change when the operating
frequency is doubled?

 A. Gain does not change
 B. Gain is multiplied by 0.707
 C. Gain increases 6 dB
 D. Gain increases 3 dB


4BI 4B.1  D
What happens to the beamwidth of an antenna as the gain is increased?

 A. The beamwidth increases geometrically as the gain is increased
 B. The beamwidth increases arithmetically as the gain is increased
 C. The beamwidth is essentially unaffected by the gain of the antenna
 D. The beamwidth decreases as the gain is increased


4BI 4B.2  B
What is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 20 dB as
compared to an isotropic radiator?

 A. 10.1 degrees
 B. 20.3 degrees
 C. 45.0 degrees
 D. 60.9 degrees


4BI 4B.3  B
What is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 30 dB as
compared to an isotropic radiator?

 A. 3.2 degrees
 B. 6.4 degrees
 C. 37 degrees
 D. 60.4 degrees


4BI 4B.4  C
What is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 15 dB as
compared to an isotropic radiator?

 A. 72 degrees
 B. 52 degrees
 C. 36.1 degrees
 D. 3.61 degrees


4BI 4B.5  D
What is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 12 dB as
compared to an isotropic radiator?

 A. 34.8 degrees
 B. 45.0 degrees
 C. 58.0 degrees
 D. 51.0 degrees


4BI 4C.1  C
How is circular polarization produced using linearly-polarized antennas?

 A. Stack two Yagis, fed 90 degrees out of phase, to form an array with the
    respective elements in parallel planes
 B. Stack two Yagis, fed in phase, to form an array with the respective
    elements in parallel planes
 C. Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements
    in the same plane, and fed 90 degrees out of phase
 D. Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements
    in the same plane, and fed in phase


4BI 4C.2  C
Why does an antenna system for earth operation (for communications through a
satellite) need to have rotators for both azimuth and elevation control?

 A. In order to point the antenna above the horizon to avoid terrestrial
    interference
 B. Satellite antennas require two rotators because they are so large and
    heavy
 C. In order to track the satellite as it orbits the earth
 D. The elevation rotator points the antenna at the satellite and the
    azimuth rotator changes the antenna polarization


4BI 5.1   B
What term describes a method used to match a high-impedance transmission line
to a lower impedance antenna by connecting the line to the driven element in
two places, spaced a fraction of a wavelength on each side of the driven
element center?

 A. The gamma matching system
 B. The delta matching system
 C. The omega matching system
 D. The stub matching system


4BI 5.2   A
What term describes an unbalanced feed system in which the driven element is
fed both at the center of that element and a fraction of a wavelength to one
side of center?

 A. The gamma matching system
 B. The delta matching system
 C. The omega matching system
 D. The stub matching system


4BI 5.3   D
What term describes a method of antenna impedance matching that uses a short
section of transmission line connected to the antenna feed line near the
antenna and perpendicular to the feed line?

 A. The gamma matching system
 B. The delta matching system
 C. The omega matching system
 D. The stub matching system


4BI 5.4   B
What should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a
gamma matching circuit on a 1/2-wavelength dipole antenna for the 20-meter
wavelength band?

 A. 70 pF
 B. 140 pF
 C. 200 pF
 D. 0.2 pF


4BI 5.5   A
What should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a
gamma matching circuit on a 1/2-wavelength dipole antenna for the 10-meter
wavelength band?

 A. 70 pF
 B. 140 pF
 C. 200 pF
 D. 0.2 pF


4BI 6A.1  C
What kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a
generator when the line is shorted at the far end?

 A. A capacitive reactance
 B. The same as the characteristic impedance of the line
 C. An inductive reactance
 D. The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage


4BI 6A.2  C
What kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a
generator when the line is open at the far end?

 A. The same as the characteristic impedance of the line
 B. An inductive reactance
 C. A capacitive reactance
 D. The same as the input impedance of the final generator stage


4BI 6B.1  A
What kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a
generator when the line is shorted at the far end?

 A. A very high impedance
 B. A very low impedance
 C. The same as the characteristic impedance of the transmission line
 D. The same as the generator output impedance


4BI 6B.2  B
What kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a
generator when the line is open at the far end?

 A. A very high impedance
 B. A very low impedance
 C. The same as the characteristic impedance of the line
 D. The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage


4BI 6C.1  C
What kind of impedance does a 3/8-wavelength transmission line present to a
generator when the line is shorted at the far end?

 A. The same as the characteristic impedance of the line
 B. An inductive reactance
 C. A capacitive reactance
 D. The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage


4BI 6C.2  C
What kind of impedance does a 3/8-wavelength transmission line present to a
generator when the line is open at the far end?

 A. A capacitive reactance
 B. The same as the characteristic impedance of the line
 C. An inductive reactance
 D. The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage


4BI 6D.1  B
What kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a
generator when the line is shorted at the far end?

 A. A very high impedance
 B. A very low impedance
 C. The same as the characteristic impedance of the line
 D. The same as the output impedance of the generator


4BI 6D.2  A
What kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a
generator when the line is open at the far end?

 A. A very high impedance
 B. A very low impedance
 C. The same as the characteristic impedance of the line
 D. The same as the output impedance of the generator