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1988-02-22
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** UoSAT-C Spacecraft to be built at University of Surrey **
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UoSAT-C MISSION
---------------
The UoSAT Spacecraft Engineering Research Unit at the University of Surrey
(UK) is now building a third UoSAT-OSCAR spacecraft - UoSAT-C. NASA has
agreed to provide a launch for UoSAT-C on a DELTA launch vehicle currently
scheduled for late 1988. The DELTA should place UoSAT-C into a 43 degree
inclination, 500 km circular orbit.
UoSAT-C will carry experimental engineering, science and communications
payloads developed in close collaboration between international professional
engineering and amateur radio communities. These payload experiments develop
further the mission objectives supported by the highly-successful UoSAT-1 &
2 (UoSAT-OSCAR-9 and UoSAT-OSCAR-11) satellites which are still operational
after six and four years in orbit respectively. The UoSAT Programme and
series of satellites are intended to compliment the AMSAT-OSCAR, RS and
FUJI-OSCAR amateur radio communications satellites by providing a space
science and engineering facility readily available to both amateur and
professional experimenters alike thus generating a greater mutual awareness
and collaboration.
UoSAT-C, like the previous UoSAT missions, will have a strong element of
international collaboration - specifically with members of AMSAT-UK, AMSAT-
NA in the US and Canada, VITA, Quadron, NASA, the British National Space Centre
and the European Space Agency.
UoSAT-C PAYLOADS
----------------
Store-&-Forward Communications:
Since 1983, UoSAT has played a major role in an international collaborative
project developing cost-effective digital store-&-forward satellite
communications techniques. The UoSAT-OSCAR-11 Digital Communications
Experiment (DCE) - funded by the Volunteers In Technical Assistance (VITA)
and built by VITA/AMSAT volunteers in the USA, UK and Canada - provided the
first operational tests of store-&-forward PACSAT communications within the
Amateur Satellite Service. Drawing on the operational and engineering data
gained from the DCE, UoSAT and VITA are developing a high performance
digital store-&-forward communications payload specially tailored for use by
inexpensive ground stations. To test this payload, UoSAT-C will carry the
PACSAT Communications Experiment (PCE). The PCE will be openly accessable to
Radio Amateurs operating in the 2m and 70cm bands (Mode-J). VITA is seeking
additional frequency allocations outside the amateur bands to allow limited
use of the UoSAT-C PCE by VITA ground stations in remote areas to provide
technical assistance and disaster relief.
Radiation Studies Experiments:
Microprocessor-controlled payloads such as the PCE cannot be built without
VLSI semiconductors, and most recent and affordable VLSI devices have not
yet been tested for space use. UoSAT-C will host several experimental
payloads studying the effects of the space radiation environment on VLSI
devices:
Cosmic Particle Experiment (CPE) comprising an array of large-area PIN
diodes, will detect energetic particles
which cause single event upsets (SEUs) in
VLSI circuits (such as high-density
RAMs).
CCD Single Event Upset Experiment (CCD-SEU) comprising an enclosed Charge-
Coupled Device (CCD) array, will detect
energetic cosmic particles and evaluate
the effect of SEUs on CCD imagers. This
data is of particular importance for
scientists using sensitive CCDs as star
sensors.
Total Dose Experiment (TDE) using special FETs located around the
spacecraft, will measure the total
radiation dose accumulated by the on-
board subsystems and payloads. These dose
measurements will allow engineers to
assess the shielding properties of the
spacecraft structure, and to correlate
changes in LSI-device power consumption
and performance with total radiation dose.
Satellite Technology Experiments:
UoSAT-C will carry a range of satellite technology experiments associated
with power systems, on-board data handling (OBDH), attitude determination,
control & stabilisation (ADCS) and RF modulation.
POWER: The spacecraft will be powered from GaAs solar cells and will
include experimental patches of novel GaAs, InPe and Si solar
cells with a variety of newly-developed cover-slides. The
performance of these cells will be monitored throughout the
mission as a function of radiation dose. The spacecraft onboard
computers will constantly monitor and adjust the Battery Charge
Regulator and Power Conditioning Module to optimise power
conversion and storage efficiency.
OBDH: UoSAT-C will include several computers. In addition to the primary
RCA1802 on-board computer (OBC-1) running DIARY-type software,
there will be a more powerful 80C86-based OBC-2 supporting complex
attitude control algorithms and spacecraft data networks. Four
TRANSPUTERS in a parallel-processing array will be available for
highly sophisticated on-board image and data processing, and the
PCE will employ an 80C186-family computer to manage high-speed
communications links and several megabytes of RAM.
A wide range of memory devices using different technologies and
architectures will make up a total on-board capacity of around 5
megabytes of RAM. The radiation-induced effects on the processors
and associated memories will be monitored and evaluated throughout
the lifetime of the spacecraft. The network of computers on UoSAT-
C will make this spacecraft the most computationally powerful of
its class and will support demanding experiments in advanced
spacecraft attitude determination and control, data communications
and image processing.
ADCS: The 43 degree inclination, non-sun-synchronous nature of the UO-C
orbit will necessitate the use of new attitude determination and
control mechanisms to maintain accurate Earth-pointing. In
addition to more complex attitude control algorithms executed by
OBC-2, improved analogue and digital sun sensors and Earth horizon
sensors are being developed at UoS for the mission.
DSP: If time and resources permit, a Digital Signal Processing Experiment
may be included on UO-C to evaluate modulation/demodulation schemes.
A new concept of highly modular construction has been developed and is under
test for UoSAT-C. This new, modular structure should result in much improved
utilisation of the available spacecraft envelope, greater ease of assembly
and integration, and allow a more rapid response to future launch
opportunities.
FOR THE USERS
-------------
Like UO-9 and UO-11, UoSAT-OSCAR-C will support a world-wide user community
of engineers, scientists, educators and communicators. If all goes according
to plan, UO-C will provide spacecraft housekeeping telemetry, long-term
telemetry surveys, results from on-board experiments, news bulletins and
communications facilities on a single downlink through packet-radio
techniques. We will finalize and publish communications modem and protocol
details as soon as possible, to allow groundstations to equip themselves.
Whilst numerous international teams are already collaborating on UO-C,
UoSAT is interested in hearing from others interested in possible
collaboration, especially in the area of user groundstation support.
The UoSAT team are happy to be able to make a public announcement of the
UoSAT-C mission, and we hope that it will contribute to the long history of
successful and technically important OSCAR and RS missions and maintain the
tradition of international collaboration in the Amateur Satellite Service.
Dr Martin Sweeting G3YJO
Director of Satellite Engineering
University of Surrey