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HAM Radio 3
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hamradioversion3.0examsandprograms1992.iso
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tuner
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tuner2.txt
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1991-12-26
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7KB
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131 lines
Simple antenna tuner you can build for shortwave listening. by Brian
Carling, Gaithersburg, MD 1992
This device can be built in a box OR "open-frame", even sitting on your
desk in a jumble will work! It is an "L Network."
The variable capacitor can be any 0-500 pF capacitor, preferably with a
1/4" shaft that you can put a convenient knob on. A trimmer capacitor is
not recommended. You could also use a 0-365 pf capacitor since these are
commonly available. You may also add a fixed 500 pF silver mica
capacitor parallel to the variable tuning capacitor in order to tune the
lowest frequencies. Variable capacitors and fixed capacitors are
available from ANTIQUE RADIO SUPPLY, 6221 S. Maple Ave., Tempe, AZ
85283. Phone (602) 820-5411 for a catalog. They also have coil forms and
various useful supplies. NOTE: When mounting the variable capacitor be
sure to use small screws that will not interfere with the movement of
the plates. It is very easy to ruin a variable capacitor if you are not
used to handling them, because the plates get bent easily. One
connection is to the frame of the variable capacitor. The other is to
the fixed plates via a solder terminal.
You will also need a rotary switch (single pole is sufficient, but if a
switch on hand has 2 or more poles, just don't use the extra ones!). The
number of positions is not too critical, but the more taps and switch
positions you use, obviously the better match you will obtain for the
frequencies you wish to hear. RADIO SHACK has a suitable 12 position
single pole rotary switch that they sell for only $1.39 (not bad!) Note
that R.S. also has project cases that you could build the tuner into
fairly easily. Just be sure you have enough room for the variable
capacitor when the plates are open!
For regular SWL work in the 3-30 MHz range, the coil should be about 100
or 120 turns of insulated wire on a 1" diameter coil form. You can use
24 gauge magnet wire or plastic covered wire. Scrape the insulation off
for the tap points if it is enamel covered magnet wire. If you are using
plastic insulated wire, use wire strippers to remove about 1/2" of the
insulation to make a connection at the tap. Tap point can be twisted
together for easier access in order to solder on the wires that go over
to the switch. NOTE: If you have not learned to solder properly do not
attempt this project.
The coil diameter is not particularly critical. The coil form can be a
commercially bought coil form or a pill bottle or any plastic, glass or
cardboard device (NOT metal!). The coil must be tapped approximately
every ten turns. This means you have to make a little loop in the wire
and strip off the insulation so you can connect to it with a wire over
to the switch, or connect to the tap with an alligator clip instead of
the switch. However, that is a cheapo undesirable way to do it!
If you want to receive BELOW 500 kHz, you will need to add a 1000 pF
capacitor in parallel with the variable capacitor. Also, make the coil
larger. You should use a coil of 2-300 turns about 2 inches in diameter
with several taps and a switch to select taps (or use an alligator
clip). You should also use a capacitor to ground to complete the 'L'
such as a 500 pF variable that goes from the antenna side to ground. The
coil and capacitor would both attach to the antenna, but only the coil
would go to the receiver's antenna terminal. If this still doesn't help
For VLF, I would add another 500 or 1000 pF fixed capacitor in parallel
with the 500 pF variable.
Once you get the right combination of coil inductance and
capacitance you'll be amazed how much difference it makes to your signal
reception either on the SW broadcast bands or below them with the larger
coil and capacitance.
Note that this type of tuner is designed to be used with random wire
antennas that are generally shorter than 1/4 wavelength at the received
frequency. For example on the 41 meter band (approx 7 MHz), a 1/4
wavelength wire would be 32 feet long. For the 11 meter band (25.8 MHz)
a 1/4 wavelength would be 9 feet long. For general shortwave listening
this antenna tuner will work very well with a straight wire of up to 50
or even 75 feet in length. For those too lazy to build this (or too much
money to care!), you can buy a similar tuner made by MFJ enterprises for
about $40.00 that is reported to work very well, and comes in an
attractive metal mini cabinet.
ALWAYS keep antenna wires AWAY from all power lines and electrical
wiring both for safety and noise reduction.
NEVER erect an antenna in a place where it has ANY possibility of
falling across power lines or electrical equipment.
The author assumes NO liability for the construction, effectiveness or
safety of this device.
____________________ COIL
| | ext ant
| Receiver |-------/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
|___________________| ' ' | ' taps (use switch)
| |
| L______________> To Antenna
__|__ | _
Ground ///// ___|_/|_
___/____ 500 pF variable
/ | capacitor
|
__|__
Ground /////
I can explain if any of these terms are not clear to you etc.
Switch wiring:
COIL
To receiver <----\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ no
| | | | | | | | | | | | connect
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
o o o o o o o o o o o o
ROTARY SWITCH:
^
|
|
|
|
o----------> to antenna wire
| and capacitor(s)
|
V
Updated December 26, 1991
HAPPY BUILDING!
Comments to Brian Carling AF4K @ W3INK or via the FIDO SWL echo.