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1990-02-28
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From: "GATEWAY: The ARRL Packet-Radio Newsletter", Volume 6, Number 8
January 5, 1990
HIERARCHICAL ADDRESSING TIPS - written by Tom Clark, W3IWI
More and more PBBSs are now supporting "H" Hierarchical addresses
of the form K9DOG @ W3IWI.MD.USA. You can tell which PBBSs
accept such addresses when you connect to them by looking at the
SID (System ID). This is the field like [MBL-5.13-H$] or [RLI-
11.6-CH$] where the H indicates that the PBBS accepts the
expanded addresses.
Now for some "rules":
1. In the portion to the right of the "@" you still must supply
a valid PBBS call sign if you use H addressing. Do not use H
addressing for NTS messages (eg, ST 94321 @ NTSCA ) or for
bulletins (eg, SB ALL @ MDCPBBS $). You don't have to use H
addressing for well-known PBBSs.
2. The fields to the right of the @ which are separated by
periods are intended to be real, physical locations. The
convention that is being followed is to use the two-letter
state/province postal abbreviation. Examples in the US and
Canada include MD for Maryland, PQ for Quebec, MI for
Michigan, WA for Washington state and DC for Washington, DC.
Similar examples in foreign countries include MI for the
Milano district of Italy and WA for the state of Western
Australia.
3. This is followed by a three-letter country abbreviation
following ISO standards (the same letter codes used during
the Olympics). Examples are:
Argentina ARG Italy ITA
Australia AUS Japan JPN
Austria AUT South Africa ZAF
Brazil BRA Spain ESP
Canada CAN Sweden SWE
Chile CHL Switzerland CHE
West Germany DEU England GBR
Greece GRC United States USA
Indonesia IDN USSR SUN
Israel ISR
4. An optional continent code, like EU for Europe, NA for North
America, AS for Asia, AU for Australia, may be added.
5. Addresses are assembled from left to right, smallest area to
largest. Thus, my full address would be
W3IWI@W3IWI.MD.USA.NA but for forwarding within this
continent, W3IWI@W3IWI.MD or W3IWI.MD.USA would be adequate.
From the examples given above, you must be careful of mail
leaving the country since MI could be either Michigan or
Milano. Thus I would need to address a message to my friend
Luca in Milano as IW2ECL@I2KBD.MI.ITA or
IW2ECL@I2KBD.MI.ITA.EU to avoid the message going to
Michigan.
6. In some cases, you will see attempts to facilitate local
distribution with an address like W6XYZ@N6VV.#NOCAL.CA.USA,
where the #NOCAL may mean something in California, but is
just passed through by PBBSs forwarding the mail out west.
Such supplementary addresses are always preceded by a #.
Don't try to be creative inventing new ones. A bad example
is one user who invented the return address
xxxxx@N4QQ.MDCPBBS.MD.USA.Z:21211 -- both the MDCPBBS and
Z:21211 fields are bogus.
7. Don't use these addresses to try to force routing. A recent
message sent to Washington state with the address
xxxxx@WS7M.W3IWI played ping-pong for three days between the
W3IWI and WB7DCH HF mail gateways.
8. The extended H address applies to the PBBS, not to the
individual user. Thus, if K9DOG uses W3IWI, then his address
is K9DOG@W3IWI.MD.USA, not K9DOG.MD.USA. The address for a
Virginia user of WA3ZNW is N4PQR@WA3ZNW.MD.USA and not
N4PQR@WA3ZNW.VA.USA since WA3ZNW is located in MD.
9. Remember you need to supply a correct address for mail. You
should not worry about the route the mail takes. Don't try
to force your mail to follow a particular path.
10. It is your responsibility to supply a good, clean, correct
address and the packet-radio network will do its best to move
the mail to its destination. Be careful about typographical
errors. Here are some examples of what has happened: N0AN
is not the same as NOAN (with the letter o). W1XYZ is not
WIXYZ (with the letter i) nor is it WlXYZ (with a lower case
L).
from Tom Clark, W3IWI