Below are the pertinent frequency privileges for the Advanced Class: 15 meters = 21025 kHz to 21200 kHz and 21225 kHz to 21450 kHz 40 meters = 7025 kHz to 7300 kHz 20 meters = 14025 kHz to 14150 kHz and 14175 kHz to 14350 kHz 75 meters = 3525 kHz to 3750 kHz (CW) 3775 kHz to 4000 kHz (phone) The following frequencies are available for repeater operation: .70 meters = 420.0 to 431.0 MHz, 433.0 to 435.0 MHz and 438.0 to 450.0 MHz 1.25 meters = 220.5 to 225.0 MHz 2 meters = 144.5 to 145.5 MHz and 146.0 to 148.0 MHz 6 meters = 52.0 to 54.0 MHz 10 meters = 29.5 to 29.7 MHz The following frequencies are available for auxiliary operation and remote control of stations or repeaters: - All amateur frequencies above 220.5 MHz except 431 to 433 MHz and 435 to 438 MHz The follow elements of the amateur exams are pertinent to the advanced test. 1A - 5 words per minute. The examiner is responsible for preparation. The text includes A-Z, 0-9, period, comma, question mark, AR, SK, BT and DN. 2 - Test questions for the Novice taken from FCC PR Bulletin 1035A (this is actually no longer accurate) and prepared by the test examiner. To answer these questions think of the accuracy as X parts per Y. In the case of 10 parts per million, X = 10 and Y = 1,000,000. Then use the formula below to calculate the maximum deviation: Deviation = Reading * X / Y The resonance of a series or parallel circuit can be determined using the following formula: Frequency = 1,000,000 / ( 2 * Pi * square root ( L * C ) ) Where: Frequency is in Kilohertz L is inductance in microhenrys C is capacitance in picofarads Pi = ~3.14 The half power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit is calculated by dividing the resonant frequency by the Q of the circuit. To answer these questions use the following formula: Q = R / ( 2 * Pi * f * L ) Where: R is in ohms f is in Hertz L is in henries Pi = ~3.14 The angle equals the tangent of (Xl - Xc) / R Where Xl equals the Inductive reactance Xc equals the Capacitive reactance Use the crutch ELI the ICE man to determine whether voltage or current is leading. Where E = Voltage I = Current L = Inductive reactance C = Capacitive reactance If the Xc value is larger than Xl, it is a capacitive reactance circuit and ICE represent current (I) before voltage (E). If Xl is larger than Xc, it is an inductive circuit and ELI indicates that voltage (E) leads current (I). The power factor equals the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current. True Power = I * E * PF Where I = current E = voltage PF = power factor The actual formula for effective radiated power is as follows: dB Loss = 10 log (Transmitted Power / Effective Power) However if you want to avoid the Calculus just add the dB gains and subtract the losses and estimate based on every 3 dB of gain doubling the effective power and every 3 dB loss cutting effective power in half. Resistance is calculated based on the equivalent resistance of a parallel circuit being equal to the product over the sum of the resistances R3 = (R1 * R2) / (R1 + R2) The effective voltage is calculated as a ratio of R2 to the total series resistance across V1. The resistances serve as a voltage divider. V2 = (V1 * R2) / (R1 + R2) Amplifier classes Class A -- Entire cycle output -- 360 degrees (highest linearity and least distortion) Class AB -- Output between 180 and 360 degrees Class B -- Output 1/2 of cycle -- 180 degrees Class C -- Output less than 1/2 cycle -- < 180 Degrees (bias well beyond cutoff, highest efficiency) Signal generation methods: F3E -- Reactance modulator and oscillator J3E -- Balanced modulator followed by a filter A3E -- Modulated plate voltage on class C amplifier Use the following formula for these questions: Rl = E / ( X * I ) Where Rl = Plate load resistance E = Plate voltage I = Plate current X = 2 for class C amps 1.57 for class B amps 1.3 for class A amps Rl = ( E * E ) / ( 2 * P ) = (12 * 12) / (2 * 5) = 144 / 10 = 14.4 ohms C = 1,000,000,000,000 / ( 4 * Pi * Pi * Fr * Fr * L ) Where Fr = Resonant frequency in kHz Pi = ~3.14 L = Inductance in microhenrys C = Capacitance in picofarads L = 1,000,000,000,000 / ( 4 * Pi * Pi * Fr * Fr * C ) Where Fr = Resonant frequency in kHz Pi = ~3.14 L = Inductance in microhenrys C = Capacitance in picofarads More emission types: A3C -- Facsimile (AM) F3C -- Facsimile (FM) A3F -- Television (AM) F3F -- Television (FM) J3F -- Sideband slow scan TV Divide maximum swing by modulation rate to get deviation ratio Frequency deviation Modulation index = --------------------- Modulating frequency RMS voltage = .707 * Peak voltage (for a perfect sine wave AC) Peak to Peak voltage = 2 * Peak voltage Class C amps are ~ 80% efficient Class B amps are ~ 60% efficient Class AB amps are ~ 50 % efficient 984 * N * V L = ----------------- F Where L = line length in feet N = number of wavelengths in line V = velocity factor F = frequency in MHz
