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-
- *---== ST REPORT ONLINE MAGAZINE ==---*
- """""""""""""""""""""""""
- "The Original 16/32bit Online Magazine"
- _____________________________________
- from
- STR Publishing Inc.
- """"""""""""""""""
-
-
- December 28, 1990 No.6.52
- ==========================================================================
-
- STReport Online Magazine™
- Post Office Box 6672
- Jacksonville, Florida
- 32205 ~ 6672
-
- R.F. Mariano
- Publisher - Editor
- _________________________________________
- Voice: 904-783-3319 10 AM - 4 PM EST
- BBS: 904-786-4176 USR/HST DUAL STANDARD
- FAX: 904-783-3319 12 AM - 6 AM EST
- _________________________________________
-
- ** Fnet Node 350 * FidoNet Node 1:112/35 * NeST Node 90:19/350.0 **
- STR'S privately owned & operated support BBS
- carries ALL issues of STReport Online Magazine
- and
- AN INTERNATIONAL LIST OF PRIVATE BBS SYSTEMS
- carrying STReport Online Magazine for their user's enjoyment
- __________________________________________________________________
-
- > 12/28/90: STReport™ #6.52 The Original 16/32 bit Online Magazine!
- -------------------------
- - The Editor's Desk - CPU REPORT - CPU Insights
- - Windows Overview - Multi-Tasking! - After the ST
- - ADSpeed Review - PORTFOLIO NEWS - STR Confidential
-
- * EXCLUSIVE!-> D.HAYES STATEMENT <-EXCLUSIVE! *
- * DEALERS TO LOSE AUTHORIZATION! *
- * NEW STACY IN WORKS! *
-
- ==========================================================================
- ST REPORT ONLINE MAGAZINE™
- The _Number One_ Online Magazine
- -* FEATURING *-
- "Accurate UP-TO-DATE News and Information"
- Current Events, Original Articles, Hot Tips, and Information
- Hardware - Software - Corporate - R & D - Imports
- ==========================================================================
- STReport's support BBS, NODE # 350 invites systems using Forem ST and
- Turbo Board BBS to participate in the Fido/F-Net Mail Network. Or, call
- Node 350 direct at 904-786-4176, and enjoy the excitement of exchanging
- information relative to the Atari ST computer arena through an excellent
- International ST Mail Network. All registered F-NET - Crossnet SysOps are
- welcome to join the STReport Crossnet Conference. The Crossnet Conference
- Code is #34813, and the "Lead Node" is # 350. All systems are most
- welcome to actively participate. Support Atari Computers; Join Today!
- ==========================================================================
- AVAILABLE EXCLUSIVELY ON: GENIE ~ CIS ~ DELPHI ~ BIX ~ FIDO ~ F-NET
- ==========================================================================
-
- > The Editor's Podium™
-
- Atari is alive and well, the market action speaks for itself. The new
- products have created a flurry of interest along with a respectable amount
- of used equipment being for sale. Sure, some folks are headed in other
- directions, but at the same time there are many who are upgrading to
- either the Mega STe or the TT030. The software authors are sure to see an
- surge of sales from the new owners of the used gear and then, once the
- Mega STe hits the dealer's shelves.... up and away we go!
-
- On another note, we find that the dumb rumors circulating throughout
- the Atari community have reached a new low... Elsewhere in this issue we
- address the 'nasty rumor' and 'old rumor' departments. For now, please
- allow me on behalf of our entire staff and its newest member Brad Martin,
- to wish everyone a....
-
-
- Happy New Year!
-
- Have a Healthy and Prosperous NEW YEAR!
-
-
-
- DON'T DRINK AND DRIVE!
-
-
-
-
- ***********************************************************************
-
-
- NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE
-
- FOR A LIMITED TIME ONLY
-
- COMPUSERVE WILL PRESENT $15.00 WORTH OF COMPLIMENTARY ONLINE TIME
-
- to the Readers of;
-
- STREPORT ONLINE MAGAZINE™
- """"""""""""""""""""""""
- "The Original 16/32bit Online Magazine"
-
- NEW USERS; SIGN UP TODAY!
-
- CALL: 1-800-848-8199 .. Ask for operator 198
-
- You will receive your complimentary time
- and
- be online in no time at all!
-
- WHAT'S NEW IN THE ATARI FORUMS (Dec. 28)
-
- COMMODORE 64 EMULATOR FROM GERMANY
-
- Miguel R. Silva has uploaded the Commodore 64 Emulator from Germany
- (written in 1987). Please see file C64.PRG in LIBRARY 1 of the Atari
- Productivity Forum (GO ATARIPRO).
-
- NEW VERSION OF QUICKCIS
-
- Version 1.60A of Jim Ness' popular QuickCIS program is available in
-
- LIBRARY 1 of the Atari Productivity Forum as QWKCIS.ARC. QuickCIS is a
- CompuServe navigator. It will automatically call, capture email, visit
- up to 6 forums, and log off. While in forums, it can capture messages,
- post your own messages, and download chosen files from forum libraries.
-
- ST REPORT LISTS ATARI SOURCES
-
- An up-to-date listing of sources for Atari software and hardware is
- available courtesy of ST REPORT as LIST.TXT in LIBRARY 1 of the Atari
- Arts Forum (GO ATARIARTS).
-
- NEW FILES IN VENDORS FORUM
-
- DCDAUT.ARC is now available in LIBRARY 13 of the Atari Vendors Forum (GO
- ATARIVEN) courtesy of Double Click Software. DC DESKTOP AUTO is a
- SIGNIFICANT enhancement for the DC Desktop! DC DESKTOP AUTO SELECTOR
- v1.0 allows you to organize your DC Desktop bootup. Simply copy all of
- your DC Desktop programs from the AUTO folder to the DC Desktop
- Information directory. When DCD AUTO runs from the AUTO folder, you get
- a graphical interface to choose programs, presets, bootup resolution, and
- CABINETs!
-
- ISD Marketing has uploaded the text of their latest customer mail out to
- registered Calamus owners containing some limited time offers and
- information on the status of Calamus SL. See the file CUSUPD.TXT in
- LIBRARY 17 of the Atari Vendors Forum (GO ATARIVEN).
-
-
- NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE
-
-
- ***********************************************************************
-
-
-
-
-
- > CPU REPORT™
- ==========
-
- Issue # 97
- ----------
-
-
-
- by Michael Arthur
-
-
-
-
- CPU INSIGHTS™
- ============
-
-
-
- AN ODE TO THE INS AND OUTS OF MULTITASKING
- ==========================================
-
-
- Part II
-
- In Part I of this series, we explored the various tasks that a
- multitasking OS performs, while showing some aspects of the many possible
- capabilities of multitasking systems. In this segment, let us explore
- some of the ways that multitasking can be implemented, and show some of
- the extra features in some systems that help make multitasking more
- efficient.
-
-
- The key component in a multitasking system is the way it divides the
- computer's CPU time between the tasks currently running on it. One aspect
- of this, the various functions and jobs of a multitasking system, has been
- discussed. Now I will explore the methods that multitasking systems use
- to perform their tasks. Even though there are many ways of distributing
- CPU time between all running processes, there are two distinct methods of
- doing this: Cooperative scheduling, and preemptive scheduling.
-
-
- Cooperative Multitasking
-
- In cooperative (or nonpreemptive) scheduling, it is the tasks
- running on the system, not the OS itself, that control the multitasking
- process. When a task is given the CPU, it gains sole usage of the system
- until it decides to relinquish control to another task. There are a couple
- of advantages to this method. An application can complete some vital
- tasks immediately, then allow the others to run in the background, and a
- program in a cooperative system can do certain things (such as controlling
- events and peripherals that function in real-time) more efficiently than
- otherwise possible in a multitasking system. But there are many
- disadvantages to cooperative scheduling, which have kept this system from
- being used as widely as preemptive multitasking.
-
- For one thing, cooperative scheduling requires that all programs be
- VERY well behaved. If a task holds up the CPU for too long, even while
- doing an important job, response time will suffer greatly. But even more
- seriously, if a task doesn't relinquish control of the CPU or a system
- resource (due to a software bug), other programs that need those resources
- won't be able to function, causing a situation, called deadlock, which can
- halt those tasks, or even crash the multitasking system itself.
-
-
- Preemptive Multitasking
-
- But while cooperative scheduling does not seem like multitasking,
- at least in the standard sense, preemptive scheduling closely follows the
- strict definition of multitasking. In this type of system, a task is not
- guaranteed sole usage of the CPU for a certain amount of time, but rather,
- can lose it at any time, so another task can run. Because a running task
- doesn't need to know this is occurring, and since a multitasking system is
- supposed to do its job as transparently as possible, the OS usually makes
- each individual task think it is the only one using the system. Although
- there are many ways of implementing preemptive schedulers, practically all
- of them are based on two schemes: round-robin, and priority-based
- scheduling.
-
- A round-robin scheduler simply makes the tasks take turns, giving
- each task an equal amount of CPU time in which to run. This type of
- scheduler is VERY easy to implement, and guarantees that all tasks will
- get a certain amount of CPU time. But often programs running on a system
- do not need the same amount of CPU time at all instances (such as a word
- processor and a spreadsheet), and giving CPU time to tasks that don't need
- it is NOT efficient at all.
-
- Priority-based schedulers help to solve this dilemma. In this
- situation, each program is given a priority level, according to how CPU
- intensive (like a spreadsheet recalculation) or time critical (like a file
- transfer from a BBS) a task is, or how quickly it interacts with the user
- (such as a game, or a program in the foreground). The scheduler then
- distributes CPU time to each task according to how high its priority level
- is, and the higher the priority level, the more CPU time a particular task
- gets.
-
- For example, if task A has a higher priority level than task B, then
- task A will get the CPU before B, and will be able to use it for a greater
- amount of time. But if both tasks have an equal priority level, then the
- system doles out CPU time in a round-robin fashion. Priority levels apply
- to all aspects of system operation, so if tasks A and B ask for use of a
- system resource, such as a printer, and task A has a higher priority level
- than B, task A would get that system resource (in this case, the printer)
- first. By the way, since the amount of CPU time needed by a program can
- vary, depending on the type of task it is performing, the scheduler can
- also adjust the priority level of a program as needed.
-
-
- There are MANY advantages to preemptive scheduling, which have
- caused it to become standard procedure for most multitasking systems. Not
- only do preemptive systems have better tolerance of errors and ill-behaved
- programs than cooperative ones, as well as being less fragile, but many
- types of interprocess communication can only be used with it. The main
- disadvantage to preemptive schedulers as compared to cooperative ones is
- that they are a LOT harder to implement than cooperative schedulers. Also,
- they cannot know when is the optimal time for a task to relinquish the CPU
- as only the task itself could have this information. This often results
- in the program completing its tasks less efficiently than with a
- cooperative multitasker. Priority-based schedulers help to provide this
- "intelligent" switching for preemptive systems, though....
-
-
- Problems, Problems, Problems
-
- Although multitasking is a very useful, versatile, and powerful
- tool, with many integrated ways of preventing errors from occurring,
- problems inevitably arise, even in the best systems. We all know that in
- singletasking systems, there is always a chance that it will crash, at one
- point or another, as the job of an operating system isn't easy in the
- first place. But with the added strain of distributing system resources
- and CPU time between the many tasks that might be running, managing any
- interprocess communications between those tasks, and making sure that both
- occur as efficiently as possible, the problems that come with an ordinary
- operating system quickly multiply. Many of the utilities now associated
- with multitasking systems, such as virtual memory and Memory Management
- Units (MMU's), actually arose to solve these problems. Even though there
- are an infinite amount of problems waiting to happen in a multitasking
- system, here are some of the most prevalent:
-
-
- Deadlock:
- In a multitasking operating system, whether it be cooperative or
- preemptive, tasks always compete for access to system resources. For
- Disk Access, this problem can be easily solved, but for other resources,
- such as printers or modems, multitaskers usually give one task sole access
- to a resource, forcing the other tasks that need it to wait until it is
- finished using it. Since these other tasks often are also holding
- resources, which are also locked up until the task can continue operation,
- this can cause quite a traffic jam, as all tasks slow to a halt as they
- wait for the others to relinquish their resources. This complex situation
- is called deadlock.
-
- For instance, let's say that Task A is using System Resource 1 to do
- its work, while Task B is using Resource 2 to do its work. So that no
- other task can interfere with its work, Task A has a lock on Resource 1,
- while Task B has a lock on Resource 2. Now suppose that Task A needs
- Resource 2 to complete its task, while Task B needs Resource 1 for its
- duties. Since Task A cannot run until Task B gives up Resource 2, and
- Task B cannot run until Task A gives up Resource 1, and since both won't
- give up their resources, neither can proceed. As you can see, deadlock
- only happens when a task is allowed to hold onto resources it is not
- using at the time, so it would seem simple to make all tasks give up their
- resources after their CPU time is up. But if that resource happens to be
- a printer, and two tasks, a word processor and a spreadsheet, are trying
- to print on the same printer, if you allow BOTH of them to print at the
- same time....
-
- So since it is necessary in some instances to allow tasks to
- monopolize system resources, then deadlock is not always preventable. In
- fact, since the overhead involved in making an operating system that made
- sure that deadlock never occured (meaning that it would have to be prep-
- ared for ANY eventuality that could happen in multitasking systems), would
- be ENORMOUS, most multitaskers (including Unix) are able to kill off as
- many tasks as necessary to stop deadlock. Since one of the "unlucky"
- tasks could be something that was VERY important, like your 1040 IRS Tax
- Form, this is not always preferable. Barring this, the multitasker would
- then stop everything and do nothing. Called a system crash, all computers
- have special hardware to handle this situation, called the reset button-
- ....
-
-
- Busy Waiting:
-
- This happens when one task is using a system resource by itself (thro-
- ugh its having higher priority or using a semaphore), and another task
- cannot proceed without having access to the resource. The task then is
- forced to waste CPU time waiting to have access to that system resource.
- Since this tends to halt system performance (especially if the task is
- also monopolizing a system resource, which would then result in deadlock),
- it is considered one of the worst things that a multitasker can do. But
- interestingly, Busy Waiting is sometimes used to avoid or cure deadlock,
- by simply making task B wait until task A is finished and gives up the
- system resource, before it can use the system.
-
-
- Memory Management:
-
- There are MANY problems that often emerge in this subject. One is,
- simply enough, running out of memory. One popular way to conserve memory
- is to have built-in system libraries, that programmers can use for their
- applications. But when there are just so many programs runnin that they
- all won't fit in memory, multitasking systems often use virtual memory to
- cram them in.
-
- Virtual memory simply uses all available Disk Space (Floppy or Hard
- Disk) as memory, saving a portion of a task to disk that is now in RAM,
- but is not being used by any program running on the system, and later,
- when there is enough memory to hold the data segment (or if the task needs
- to use the data segment), loading it back into memory. In a multitasking
- system this is used to swap portions of programs in and out of memory as
- they need them. So if the system was using Virtual Memory, and Task A had
- a segment of itself on disk while Task B was running, then when Task A
- receives use of the CPU, if it needs that segment to run, then the system
- would first save a segment of Task B that hadn't been used for a while to
- disk, and then load the segment needed by Task A into memory. But Virtual
- memory can be used, not only to let programs use more data that can fit
- into real memory (like editing a text file that won't fit into memory by
- saving parts of it to a disk file), but can also be implemented in or-
- dinary singletasking systems.
-
- There are dangers to using Virtual Memory, though. Virtual memory
- works fine when the segments that are saved onto disk are relatively small
- and mostly unused, but if the system loads too great a segment of a task
- into memory, then the system spends a long time loading and saving data
- segments to/from disk so to make enough room when a task loads in that
- segment. If the system loads too little a segment of the task in memory,
- though, then it hasn't saved enough memory for another task. Also, if all
- the data segments in memory are being used frequently, then the system
- thrashes, or spends so much time swapping segments to and from memory that
- little real work is accomplished. Both of these cases cause deadlock, and
- to stop them one either has to quit running a program that is in memory,
- so as to make room for other tasks to run in, or to simply turn off the
- computer and start over again.
-
-
- Memory Protection:
-
- Even though running out of memory IS a real problem in multitasking
- systems, almost everyone would agree that memory management is far more
- serious. The function of most memory managers, whether they are in soft-
- ware or hardware, is to prevent system memory from being fragmented. This
- occurs when, after the system has done several memory allocations and
- deallocations in its normal memory handling duties, free RAM becomes
- divided into many small fragments spread throughout its address space,
- which cannot be used by the system. If enough free RAM becomes
- fragmented, the system starts to lose large amounts of memory.
-
- Since this also happens in singletasking operating systems, all
- operating systems perform a technique called garbage collection, in which
- all of this fragmented memory is collected, organized, and put back into
- the system's main RAM. Even though this might sound simple, the processes
- by which it gets this lost memory are VERY complicated. And even though
- software memory management CAN get the job done in most cases, it often is
- inefficient, and sometimes cannot properly handle its job.
-
- And as hardware is often more efficient, less troublesome, and
- better suited at this type of work than software, chips that could perform
- memory management functions started to appear. These processors, called
- Memory Management Units (or MMU's), are specifically made to handle gar-
- bage collection and memory management functions, so an operating system
- doesn't have to do them. Another task that MMU's often perform for the
- operating system is memory protection, both preventing tasks from having
- access to system memory that hasn't been allocated to them, or from dis-
- turbing other tasks or resources when they crash, so the whole system
- doesn't crash just because of one faulty program.
-
- In this series, CPU Report has investigated the subject of
- multitasking, in an attempt to provide a suitable understanding of this
- complex issue. While this was not meant to be the "definitive" guide to
- multitasking, as great stacks of books have been written on the subject,
- it has tried to show many of the pertinent issues involved in this topic,
- which is at the forefront of sophisticated microcomputer technology.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- ***********************************************************************
-
-
- :HOW TO GET YOUR OWN GENIE ACCOUNT:
- _________________________________
-
- To sign up for GEnie service: Call: (with modem) 800-638-8369.
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- -> NOW! GENIE STAR SERVICE IS IN EFFECT!! <-
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-
-
-
-
- > The Future of the ST STR Feature™ "....one man's opinion"
- ================================
-
-
-
-
- LIFE AFTER THE ATARI ST
- =======================
-
-
- Part 3
-
-
- by Darek Mihocka,
- President, Branch Always Software
-
-
- In this week's discussion I'll discuss Window 3.0. I'm sure everybody
- reading this has heard of Windows, but I'll bet a good many of you have
- never actually sat down to use it and aren't completely familiar with it.
- I know from experience that other ST users that I've demonstrated Windows
- to sort of look at me funny when I explain certain features, or apparent
- lack of features. Imagine an environment that has no concept of desk
- accessories or AUTO folders, and can run completely without a mouse, and
- contains windows within windows! That's Windows 3.0! It sounds a lot
- different than GEM, but it doesn't have to be. Confused? Let's start from
- the beginning, keeping in mind last week's discussion about multitasking.
-
- What is Windows? Is it an operating system, or a shell, or what? The
- word that I think best describes it is that it is an environment. Make no
- mistakes about it - when you're running Windows, MS-DOS is still the
- installed operating system. Yes, good old yucky MS-DOS (or MeSsy-DOS as
- some people refer to it). Little do people realize how similar MS-DOS and
- TOS are, even to the point of having many identical operating system
- functions. But that's for another time.
-
- Windows extends MS-DOS by adding new functions to it. Graphics func-
- tions are obviously those included, but there are also memory management
- and other functions added. MS-DOS still sticks around to provide disk
- support, and Windows takes care of everything else. Unlike OS/2, Windows
- is not a complete operating system, although the two are similar. That
- too is for another time.
-
- Through its 3 versions, Windows has gone through a lot of changes.
- However, it has the advantage of having just been recently updated (Win-
- dows 3.0) and it shares many of the great features of other environments
- with very few of the drawbacks. In fact, because it is sort of like a
- superset of GEM, it can be made to look like the GEM desktop and used like
- the GEM desktop. Windows offers a lot of extra power, but if you're
- uncomfortable with it in the beginning, you can just use what you need.
-
- Let's try to go through a typical Windows session here on my computer.
- I power up the computer and a few seconds later the hard disk starts going
- wild. First there is the Windows logo on the screen for a few seconds.
- Then the desktop turns green and a single icon labeled "Program Manager"
- shows up in the bottom left corner of the screen and there is the familiar
- arrow in the middle of the screen indicating I'm using a mouse. That's
- the desktop? No menu bar? No disk icons? WHAT'S WRONG WITH THIS PIC-
- TURE????
-
- To understand that, you have to remember that the Program Manager
- itself is just another program. Similarly on GEM, the desktop that we see
- is not really GEM. It uses GEM, but the desktop is just another program.
- On the ST it can be replaced by other desktops (or "shells" like Neodesk
- and DC Desktop) and on Windows the Program Manager can be replaced too.
- Windows all by itself just displays a green screen and a mouse pointer!
-
- "So what's with the icon and where is the menu bar?", you ask. The
- answer to this question is one of the fundamental differences between GEM
- and Windows. If you understand this, everything else makes sense! So
- let's start slowly and explain this slowly.
-
- First, how does GEM run programs? Well, the desktop comes up and puts
- up the menu bar, and some disk windows. When you double click on some GEM
- program and run it, the desktop goes away, a new menu bar comes up and a
- desktop is drawn with some other windows. To run another GEM program, you
- have exit this program, go back to the desktop, and double click some
- other program. And so on and so on. Blah. Blah. Blah.
-
- Windows is multitasking. But if Windows was implemented like GEM,
- then it wouldn't really be multitasking, because you could only run one
- program at a time. So the big $64 question was how to make Windows so as
- to allow you to run more than one program at a time.
-
- The solution was to treat each program's screen (menu bar, desktop,
- and windows) as a window itself on a much larger desktop. The "much
- larger desktop" itself is the big empty green desktop that comes up when
- you first run Windows.
-
- So there are two kinds of windows (although they look virtually iden-
- tical) - application windows and document windows. An application window
- is the window that a program (also called an "application") gets when it
- runs. It contains the program's menu bar, slider bars, and the program's
- output. Then within the application window, there are document windows,
- which are always inside the application window, and may contain their own
- slider bars but no menu bars.
-
- Think of it like this. When you run, say, First Word on GEM, there is
- a menu bar at the top of the screen, and each time you open a text file,
- another window opens on the screen containing the contents of that text
- file. That is a document window. The entire ST screen can be thought of
- as an application window. Unfortunately, with GEM you can't just magical-
- ly drag or re-size the application window to reveal, say, the GEM desktop
- underneath. It's there, but you just can't get to it unless you close the
- entire First Word application window (i.e. exit).
-
- With Windows, any program's application window can be resized. It can
- be maximized to use up the entire screen, and that closely resembles using
- GEM. You can simply configure all your programs to run full screen and not
- worry about multitasking or application windows and our discussion would
- stop here. But wait! There's more.
-
- You can also "minimize" an application window and what appears is an
- icon. When you minimize an application window you do so because you are
- currently not using that application, and it leaves room on the screen for
- other applications. The application is actually still running, but probab-
- ly just waiting for you to do something, like typing in a key. My Program
- Manager comes up minimized, which explains the icon.
-
- I prefer to not run applications maximized, so when I double click on
- the Program Manager, it just draws a window that is about 1/4 of the
- screen in size. Within the Program Manager are smaller windows. These
- are the document windows. Each such window has some icons, representing
- the various programs on my hard disk, and they are grouped into document
- windows by category: Games, Utilities, Excel, etc. Also, Windows can put
- a minimized icon on the screen for any application (like what I did with
- the Program Manager) so you can just run a program by double clicking its
- icon on the desktop.
-
- If I click on, say, the Tetris icon, it loads and runs Tetris. What
- happens? Does the screen clear? No. Tetris simply opens up an applica-
- tion window on top of the Program Manager window. Tetris has its own menu
- bar within this window, to select such things as game level and to exit.
-
- So how do I now go back to the Program Manager? One way you to it is
- to exit Tetris by either clicking in the top left corner of the Tetris
- window or by selecting Exit from the Tetris menu bar. The other way is to
- grab the mouse and click on the Program Manager window that is peeking
- through from behind the Tetris window. When I do that, the Program Man-
- ager window redraws on top of the Tetris window. Wow - a task switch.
- Ooooooh.
-
- But wait! The Tetris game is still playing! I can see the bricks
- falling down behind the Program Manager. That's because Windows is multi-
- tasking and both Tetris and Program Manager are running at the same time!
- Time for another task switch. I click on the Tetris window again, press P
- for pause, and then switch back to the Program Manager.
-
- That was just a very simple example of running two programs simul-
- taneously. With Windows, you can open as many application windows as you
- wish. One window can run a word processor, one can run a spreadsheet,
- another can run a terminal program, another can run a game, and another
- can run the file manager, and so on.
-
- Many of you will be asking, "WHY DO I NEED MULTITASKING?????". Good
- question, because like all goodies in life, you don't really need it. You
- could still use your computer without it, but then again, you could also
- live without GEM. Why not just go back to the good old days of command
- lines and typing this and typing that and function key this and control
- key that? We could, but we don't want to. GEM is more convenient. It
- allows us to do with the mouse what takes many keystrokes. It saves time
- and makes the computer more fun. In the same way, multitasking is useful,
- it is convenient and time-saving, and it is fun to use. Let me give a
- more complex example.
-
- Suppose I want to write a text file, oh, say, an article on using
- Windows. I'm going to use Word 5.0 for this, because I happen to like the
- character based version of Word. Oh oh. I'm going to have to exit Win-
- dows now, no? Wrong. Windows has its own ways of dealing with non-Win-
- dows applications. When I click on the Word icon in the Program Manager,
- the screen goes entirely black, and Word 5.0 shows up. I can now start
- typing full screen in 80 columns and 25 lines. How do I task switch now?
-
- Windows provides a few keyboard shortcuts for task switching. If I
- press the Control key and then the Escape key, it tells Windows that I
- want to switch to another task. Suddenly I'm back in the Windows desktop
- with Tetris and Program Manager and there is a dialog box in the middle of
- the screen titled "Task List". Listed in the box, surprise surprise, is
- Program Manager, Tetris, and Word. Then I simply click on the name of the
- program I want to switch to. So this way, an unlimited number of DOS
- based programs can run under Windows!
-
- Here's the really cool part. Windows can make a non-Windows program
- run inside of a window on the Windows desktop! How? The 80386 chip has
- multitasking built right into it. It has a feature called virtual mode
- which allows it to emulate a 1 megabyte 8086 processor (or several or
- them). Each of these emulated processors can run a DOS program and the
- program will think that it is running on a 640K DOS machine without Win-
- dows. When a program running in virtual mode tries to write something to
- the screen, it is actually writing into this 1 megabyte of virtual machine
- memory, not the real screen memory showing the Windows desktop. When I
- press Control and Esc to task switch, Windows copies the virtual screen
- memory to the real screen memory and so Word can run full screen under
- Windows. But If I press Alt and Return, Windows now copies this screen
- memory into a Window on the desktop, and presto! Word now runs in a win-
- dow. Word can run like this, as can Lotus 1-2-3, the DOS command line,
- and thousands of other DOS programs. Windows automatically updates the
- window on the screen whenever the application updates its virtual screen.
-
- Right now as I'm editing full screen I'd like to log into the weekly
- Thursday night conference on Compuserve. What should I do? My Tetris
- game isn't finished, nor is this article. First, I press Alt and Return.
- Now what I see is the Word window on the Windows desktop taking up ap-
- proximately 1/3 of the screen. That's because at a resolution of 800x600,
- an 80 column by 25 line screen is quite small. I now pop up the Program
- Manager and run WinTerm, a terminal program that comes bundled with Win-
- dows 3. I set an appropriate font and re-size the terminal window so that
- both Word and WinTerm are displaying 80 columns of 25 lines in two sepa-
- rate windows. Program Manager and Tetris are minimized as icons at the
- bottom of the screen.
-
- Now while I'm participating in the conference, I can pop into Word at
- any time and jot down ideas or edit this document. To keep track of how
- long I'm in conference, I pop into Program Manager again and run the Clock
- program. This simply displays the current time inside a window. I mini-
- mize Clock to an icon, and cool enough, the icon keeps displaying the
- current time. No need for corner clocks!
-
- As it is now, I am running 5 different programs under Windows. All 5
- are running concurrently (i.e. at the same time) and by clicking from one
- window to another with the mouse (or using the Task Switcher) I can type
- into the various programs.
-
- Windows doesn't have desk accessories, because there is no need for
- desk accessories! If you wish to run the control panel, task switch to
- the Program Manager at any time from any program and run the control
- panel. If you wish to perform file operations, just run the File Manager
- (Windows equivalent of the GEM or Mac desktop). There are no worries
- about running out of the 6 desk accessory slots, or running out of memory.
-
- Memory? Did I say memory? Yes, Windows has virtual memory support.
- What this means is that Windows applications can use more memory than is
- available in the computer. I have 4 megabytes, but that's nowhere near
- enough memory to do something silly like fill up all 16384 rows and 256
- columns of an Excel spreadsheet with formulas. That requires over 10
- megabytes of memory, yet it can be done!
-
- The way that virtual memory works is that whenever a program tries to
- allocate memory that doesn't exist, Windows creates a file on the hard
- disk (called the "swap file") and uses that disk space to emulate extra
- memory. Windows keeps track of what memory is being used and what isn't.
- If I'm in my Excel spreadsheet gobbling up memory, Windows will realize
- that I'm not using Tetris, and will copy out parts of Tetris's memory to
- the swap file to make room for the spreadsheet. When the spreadsheet eats
- up all 4 megabytes of my computer's memory, Windows will copy out parts of
- the spreadsheet itself to the hard disk to make room for new spreadsheet
- cells. When a program then tries to access some memory that has been
- copied to disk, "swapped out", Windows then copies out some other unused
- piece of memory and swaps in what it needs.
-
- Swapping sounds like a lot of trouble, but it is the way many other
- operating systems work too, from UNIX to OS/2. And the beauty of it is
- that the memory manager of Windows takes care of everything. A program
- running under Windows doesn't even know that parts of it may be swapped
- out to disk. There is no 640K memory limit like with DOS or 4 megabyte
- limit like on the ST.
-
- Unfortunately for use ST users, the 68000 chip really can't support
- task switching or virtual memory the way Windows does with the 80386. The
- 68030 can, and it is disappointing to see that the TT operating system
- still uses the same old crippling GEM instead of a real multitasking
- operating system.
-
- Even the Macintosh will soon be able to support virtual memory with
- the new System 7.0 and minor hardware upgrade. The Mac already supports
- task switching with Multifinder (which is similar to Revolver on the ST),
- although it has some limitations compared to Windows.
-
- Windows just has a lot of other cool features I didn't even touch on
- yet. For example, it uses a proportional font to display menu bars and
- dialog boxes. A proportional font just looks nicer than the regular
- monospaced font most computers use.
-
- Speaking of fonts, there is a major difference between the way Windows
- handles fonts and printer drivers and the way the GEM does. Windows main-
- tains all the fonts and printer drivers itself. One of the features of
- the control panel is the ability to install and de-install fonts. All the
- fonts are listed in dialog box, and when you click on a font name, it
- actually displays a font sample on the screen, so that you can see exactly
- how the font will look and how big it will be. Similarly, printers can be
- installed and de-installed by changing printer drivers from the control
- panel in the same easy way. There is only one set of font files and one
- set of printer driver files, which can be used by any Windows application.
-
- Most GEM programs on the other hand use custom printer drivers, and
- some use custom fonts. A printer driver for say, Word Perfect, will not
- work with DEGAS or First Word. Or a font used with DEGAS will not work
- with Calamus. It's a free for all when it comes to fonts and it is a big
- mess. Yes, Atari did release GDOS which sort of resembles the Windows
- model, but GDOS was released too late to be accepted or even understood by
- many users and developers.
-
- Windows applications have a common look and feel, much like applica-
- tions on the Macintosh. This is because IBM bundles a book with each
- Windows Software Development Kit describing in detail how the Windows (and
- OS/2) user interfaces are to look and feel. What keys to what. What
- mouse actions do what. What windows parts to what. The results are that
- when you learn one Windows program, you can easily learn another because
- they are all written to conform to the same user interface standards.
-
- Windows has a built-in clipboard that supports text, graphics, meta-
- files, and other formats. This allows Windows and non-Windows applica-
- tions to share data. For example, one word processor can exchange for-
- matted text with another through a simple Cut and Paste operation, even if
- the two word processors can't read each other's files. A paint program
- can store a graphics image into the clipboard which can then be pasted
- into a word processor.
-
- Windows allows dialog boxes to have titles and be dragged, just like
- ordinary windows. If a dialog box pops up and it is covering up a part of
- the screen you need to answer the question in the dialog box, then simply
- drag the dialog box to the side.
-
- The Windows clipboard has other features such as installing a desktop
- pattern or desktop picture, changing screen colors, setting mouse accel-
- eration and swapping the mouse buttons for left-handed people, setting the
- serial and parallel ports, and setting the keyboard repeat rate.
-
- Windows comes bundled with a word processor, file manager, terminal
- emulation software, calculator utility, clock, paint program, and other
- useful software as well as fonts and background pictures. A bare bones
- computer with only DOS and Windows installed can be used for productive
- work right away.
-
- Windows allows you to re-size windows by clicking anywhere on the edge
- of the window and dragging. For example, you can click on the bottom
- right corner of a window to re-size it in much the same way as on GEM or
- the Mac, but you can also click on, say, the left edge of the window and
- re-size it horizontally.
-
- Windows allows you to task switch at almost any time. Let's say you
- are trying to save a text file from a word processor and the disk is full.
- On GEM, if you're not using Universal Item Selector, you'd be out of luck.
- On Windows, simply task switch to the File Manager and format a disk or
- delete files then task switch back to the word processor.
-
- Now that I've covered the basic list of features of Windows, I'll
- answer some of the questions and complaints I know will be raised for this
- discussion and also from last week.
-
- Q: Windows is a memory hog. Do I need tons of memory?
-
- A: No. Windows will run just fine with one megabyte of RAM. Even
- without virtual memory enabled, 1 megabyte will allow you to run several
- Windows applications at once. The advantage of having more RAM is that
- the prospect of having to start swapping to disk is less and so programs
- will run at maximum speed. Memory is cheap, and the price difference
- between one megabyte and four megabytes is too small to even bother with
- buying only one megabyte.
-
- Q: Windows is hard to install.
-
- A: Simply place the Setup disk in your floppy disk drive and run the
- setup program. Insert a new disk when prompted. The whole procedure takes
- about 5 minutes. If those instructions are too hard to follow, then I can
- see where there would be a problem.
-
- Q: GEM is easy and fun to use. I don't need multitasking. I have
- Hotwire and Neodesk and DC Desktop and Universal Item Selector and Quick
- ST II and Multidesk and GDOS and other AUTO folder stuff.
-
- A: GEM is fun? Baloney. First of all, you can't appreciate multitas-
- king until you try it. Everything has a learning curve, and spending a
- few minutes now to learn it will save you a lot of time later. Windows
- also has no need for utilities such as the above mentioned because it
- doesn't have to be hacked into like GEM does. And when you do have to
- hook into it, Windows provides functions for programs to hook into it
- legally and thus not interfere with other programs. And typical users do
- not need to spend hundreds of dollars on utilities that simply make GEM
- more usable. I'll admit it - Quick ST is a great thing on the ST, but
- really useless on Windows. Windows is faster than GEM to begin with
- (since the graphics routines are not all written in C like GEM is) and the
- processors it runs on are faster. Just a few days ago I ported the ST
- Xformer 8-bit emulator to the 386 and now it runs 5 times faster than on
- the ST (or 3 times compared to a 16MHz 1040ST or Mega STE) yet my 386
- machine is less expensive than something like a Mega STE.
-
- Q: What about sound and MIDI and all the other built-in goodies that
- the ST or TT provides?
-
- A: There are boards available for the PC that add MIDI and stereo
- sound sampling and playback capability. One such board I saw (oddly
- enough at an Atari ST dealer) went for about $200.
-
- Someone commented in last week's ST Report that the TT has all the
- features I talked about (in the 386) built-it at no cost whereas the 386
- has all these extra costs. Baloney! First of all, the open architecture
- of the PC machines allows anyone to add memory, add a hard disk, add a
- parallel interface, add a graphics cards, etc. very easily and to change
- these devices when necessary. If my hard disk is too small, I can put in
- a larger one. If I want to add a mouse, I drop in a mouse card. You, the
- user, get to choose what goes into your machine. You are not paying for
- features you don't need (I personally don't use MIDI and I doubt that most
- ST users do) or features that will never be used (such as the STE's new
- and unused joystick ports) or features that don't do all they were hyped
- up to do (like the blitter chip). I can spend the $200 that would have
- gone for MIDI and use it to buy 4 meg of RAM instead of 1 meg. That same
- person went on to mention that the TT only has 320x480 resolution in 256
- colors (while the Mac II and VGA cards are double that resolution), but
- one day he'll be able to hook up his VME bus to some spectacular new high
- resolution monitor. Someday, and at some unknown price, if ever.
-
- What really cracked me up was the comment that Windows was not com-
- patible with much software while the TT was. It's more like the other way
- around by his own admission. Folks, if you're going to comment, please
- research what you say. This person has obviously no experience with Win-
- dows and probably derives most of his information about the TT from Atari
- press releases instead of basing anything on experience. Please don't
- compare apples with oranges. Comparing a PC that exists now to a machine
- that might one day actually hit the market is not fair. 18 months ago I
- read in a print magazine that Atari had a 68000 based game machine ready
- to go. Where? We've been hearing about the TT for two years now. Two
- years ago the TT would have been far more competitive against the PCs
- available at the time. And the STE and LYNX were late to ship. I don't
- see a TT on sale at my Atari dealer so I can't suggest to anyone to delay
- purchasing another computer in the hopes that the TT might ship one day.
-
- Q: What else?
-
- A: Merry Christmas! & Happy New Year! To be continued in January.
- I'll discuss other software for the PC (Windows and non-Windows) as well
- as talking about developing software on the PC.
-
-
-
-
-
- _____________________________________________________________
-
-
-
-
-
-
- > ADSPEED STR FOCUS™ "...Today, I purchased AdSpeed by ICD"
- =================
-
-
-
- ADSPEED BY ICD
- "I CAN'T BELIEVE IT!"
-
-
-
-
- (This article was retransmitted to various points in the net by a
- friend of the author - see note 3 below)
-
- OK! After all these years of reading reviews and looking to make my
- 1040ST more than it was to begin with, I am impelled to write a review so
- that all of you can share in this. I am using WordWriter2 to scribe this
- into electronic ink. Am I THE LEAST BIT concerned about scrolling, slow
- spellchecking, or the time it takes to reformat a document? NO! When I
- went to LDW Power to make the chart below, was I worried about scrolling
- or computational delays? NO! Do I have to wait an eternity for GIF
- conversions, fractal generations, CAD 3D redrawing, WordPerfect hyphena-
- tions, data base sorts, etc, etc, etc. NO! Or stolen CPU interrupt time
- for background downloading and uploading, or mouse accelerators, or GDOS
- replacements all of which can make everything just a bit slower? NO!
- Today I purchased AdSpeed by ICD. It is truly a "power without price"
- product.
-
- John Damiano wrote about AdSpeed two or three weeks ago in ST Report.
- He included a lot about installing Adspeed but only a few sentences about
- how well it works. But that included the phrase: "It feels like a new
- computer.." So I took a leap of faith when AdSpeed came to the local
- store this week. After all, ICD hadn't let me down before when I added a
- used hard drive to my ST using ICD boards and software.
-
- Over the years my search for the better ST led me to add 3 megs to
- the one, a Tweety Board for a semblance of stereo sound, and TOS 1.4.
- Along with the hard drive, those were my hardware enhancements. Software-
- -wise my ST has been most affected by the Codeheads and the two well-known
- speed enhancement products.
-
- Yes, I use both Turbo ST and Quick ST and, as you'll see below, they
- only enhance AdSpeed dramatically. Before AdSpeed, my ST had at least
- tolerable performance in GEM windowing and scrolling because these speed
- products have been great. They actually complement each other when loaded
- together.
-
- I left AdSpeed installation to the tech at a local store while I went
- out with the family for Christmas shopping. AdSpeed gives you the option
- to boot up with the old 8 mHz or the new 16 mHz. I chose 8 so that the
- speed would not interfere with any floppy- loaded games my son would be
- playing. (I had read often enough about how games-makers break the rules
- of programming - thank you Charles F. Johnson). I figured I could
- software load the 16 mHz when I booted from hard drive for applications.
-
- When I picked it up from the store, I was told that "it really seemed
- to work." Home again, cables and plugs in, software ready, boot... Well,
- at least it booted OK. I ran 16MHZ.PRG. A FLASH of a message too quick
- to read and back to the desktop, but wait! Didn't that open window come
- back awfully fast? I tried another. ZIP! I could still see a quick
- screen draw but not if I blinked.
-
- I tried application after utility after program. There were no con-
- flicts with any commercial or well-written PD program. And everything was
- noticeably faster - the speed I had waited for all these years.
-
- So, like everyone else, I went off to Darek Mihocka's Quick Index
- (1.8, for those of you who need to know such things). Here is a table, of
- my comparisons:
-
-
- TOS 1.4, MEDIUM RESOLUTION
-
- ADSPEED ADSPEED ADSPEED ADSPEED Before ADSPEED
- Quick ST Quick ST Turbo ST ONLY Quick ST
- Turbo ST Turbo ST
-
- CPU Mem 163% 164% 163% 164% 99%
- CPU Reg 203% 203% 203% 203% 100%
- CPU Divide 202% 203% 202% 203% 99%
- CPU Shifts 206% 207% 207% 207% 99%
- 64K Read 5912% 5912% 5912% 5853% 5953%
- GEMDOS File 2957% 2994% 2994% 3032% no recollection
- Disk RPM 11250% 11612% 11250% 10285% 7500%
-
- TOS Text 599% 436% 601% 150% 305%
- TOS String 3344% 3344% 2801% 129% 2072%
- TOS Scroll 140% 138% 140% 111% 132%
- Dialog 455% 411% 455% 167% 285%
-
- I am sure one of the first things you will notice is there are col-
- umns with Turbo ST and Quick ST. The speed satisfaction I am enjoying is
- from using BOTH AND AdSpeed. Check the first three columns and you'll
- see what I mean. The last column shows the Index results of using both
- before AdSpeed came into the picture. Yes, Darek, Quick ST does make a
- difference in grayed, bold, etc., text displays that Turbo ST doesn't.
- And I had stopped using most anything that would slow down the CPU but
- ICD's optional write cache/verify. Hence the 99% figure for most of the
- CPU indexes. Without the caches, I had gotten the GEM Dialog box indexes
- up to 287%, but what's a couple of percent compared to a lifesaving
- write cache/verify.
-
- In case you are curious, here are the indexes from Darek's BMVGTEF-
- F.PRG (with Quick ST installed, of course):
-
- Normal: 33
- Bold: 31
- Grayed: 33
- Italic: 43
- Underline: 29
-
- Since these are in 1/200th's of a second, they are fast enough for me
- (WHEW!).
-
- As anyone points out, these indexes don't really tell the whole tale
- by a mile. It's all really in using your software that you can see
- what's going on. And I've given you a taste of all of that in the openi-
- ng. I really wanted you to be able to see the indexes so you could
- share, as soon as possible, in the reality of AdSpeed.
-
- By itself, you'll get twice the processing speed. You'll see the
- difference whenever you use your ST. Is that good? Well, I've never
- written a review before, let alone felt the need to write one. I think
- that says it all.
-
- :NOW FOR SOME NOTES OF INTEREST TO SOME:
-
- 1) I have discovered problems with running MONOEM14.PRG and the new Take
- Notes programmers calculator (sigh!).
-
- 2) My ST has an extensive AUTO folder. Some programs do affect the in-
- dexes slightly. And REGACC seems to speed up Dialog box drawing and slow
- down TOS String indexes (I don't know why.) Here is the list for my ST
- (yes, 4 megs makes all the difference):
-
- PINHEAD 1.8 POOLFIX4 TIMESET QUICKST
- G+PLUS RESR MOUSE2 DCSHOW 1.1
- CODE_RAM ILINKCLP REGACC UISIII
- ADSPEED 16MHZ
-
- 3) Who am I? Just a 40+ year-old member of the electronic community and
- living on Long Island in New York. You wouldn't know me. I am not an
- affiliated with any person, company, or product mentioned here. They
- wouldn't know me (I'm terrible at filling out warranty/registration
- cards) nor would you. And, except for the occasional on-line arguments,
- I enjoy experiencing the anonymous existence of peaceful information,
- questions, comments and personalities that appear througout the net. So,
- I am leaving it that way for now.
-
-
-
-
-
- ______________________________________________________
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- > DENNY HAYES STR FOCUS™ * EXCLUSIVE! * "..if I single someone out.."
- =====================
-
-
-
-
- THE PRICE OF COPYRIGHT VIOLATION
- ================================
-
-
- STReport has obtained directly from DENNIS HAYES his very own
- statements concerning his arrest and ultimate conviction for copyright
- violation. Names of individuals and companys mentioned have been
- removed or blocked out.
-
-
- by Dennis Hayes aka "Denny" Hayes
-
-
- Part I
- ======
-
- This is the statement I prepared to read at my sentencing, but was
- advised not to read, because the judicial system doesn't like you saying
- bad things about them. I've also added a comment at the end. I've tried
- to make sure it's as truthful as I can. If there are any mistakes, it
- wasn't intentional. Of course everything is from my point of view. I
- can't pretend to be someone else, and think like them. Many are going to
- read this, and say I got what I deserved. Ignorance is bliss. To affect
- what happens to me has nothing to do with me writing this. My sentencing
- is over, and what I say here makes little difference with respect to me.
- But if anything, I say here, can help keep anyone else from going through
- this, it was worth it, and will make me feel what I have gone through had
- some purpose.
-
-
- S T A T E M E N T
-
-
- Your honor,
-
- I've been informed that I should make a statement in my behalf. I've
- had a long time trying to decide what to say, but it's hard to decide what
- to say. I'm not an attorney, and don't know what will help me or hurt me,
- and I doubt that it makes any difference what I say. If I say something
- good about myself it comes out that I'm trying to pretend to be an in-
- nocent bystander. If I comment on the many problems I've had to date, I'm
- looked at as a complainer, and most of us have problems in life. If I say
- nothing, my family has to suffer. If I comment on the questionable tac-
- tics used to prosecute me, I'm passing the buck, and not accepting blame
- for my actions. And in reality most of the agents I've met are surpris-
- ingly intelligent, and fair. I even thought of mentioning one who has
- tried his best to be fair, but I'm afraid if I single someone out it might
- put him in bad light. Anyway, he knows who he is, and he has my thanks.
-
- Since I'm not sure what is best said, I'm just going to say what I
- feel, trying not to hurt anyone, and let it fall where it may. And since
- the pre-sentencing investigation report started when I was in grade sch-
- ool, so will I.
-
- I'm a technically oriented person who started school, and really en-
- joyed learning new things. When the rest of my peers were playing base-
- ball, I was studying. And for this effort I had the words honor pupil
- written on the side of my report card every year. The problem was, and
- is, there is no reward for this effort. The kid who can knock a home run,
- and lean against the wall looking cool, without saying a thing gets all
- the attention. In reality he probably says nothing because he can't put
- two syllables together to form a word.
-
- There are many other advantages to not appearing smarter than anyone.
- When my oldest daughter was in the first grade, she could already read,
- because I had spent the time to teach her. Her teacher complained to me
- that I should stop teaching things to her ahead of time, because it made
- it hard for the teacher to teach her, when she already knows, the things
- she is trying to teach to her. I guess they want everyone at the same
- level now. Just a couple weeks ago she came home, and said she had to
- redo a report she had turned in, because she had done it on a computer,
- and was told it wasn't fair to the kids that didn't have one. I guess she
- also shouldn't use her brain, if the rest of the class doesn't have one as
- good either.
-
- So around the sixth grade I decided that if I didn't appear too
- smart I might be accepted a little more. That was easy, just fail a few
- tests on purpose. The problem was it didn't work. I just didn't think
- like most people, and I didn't like baseball, or football. Also, in most
- other areas I didn't think the same. And I didn't take what was told to
- me by others without trying to find out what was really true. Which is
- probably a large factor that brought me here.
-
- I joined the navy after graduating from high school, and entered
- electronics school. I graduated in the top 10% of my class, and was
- jumped to the next rank.
-
- In college I didn't understand the importance of a degree. I just
- loved electronics, and wanted to learn everything about it that I could
- without wasting time on subjects like English, and Psychology. Or maybe I
- was just impatient. So even though I've had many hours, I never matric-
- ulated, and therefore never received a degree.
-
- After school I started working for a company as a non degreed engi-
- neer, at $3.10 per hour. Very quickly I was considered the oddball elect-
- ronics wizard of the company. This upset the former wizards, who tried to
- make it as hard as they could for me. After three, and a half years, I
- had all the political beating I could take, so I quit, and took a job as
- assistant chief engineer with a new company, which was, four years later,
- bought out by the same guy that started Days Inn Motel chain. During the
- transfer they had a flood which put them out of business. So I was left
- without a job.
-
- I then started working for consulting engineering firms on assignment
- to large companies like Procter & Gamble, Monsanto, AM Kinny, etc.
-
- As I started having a family, I wanted to make a better living for
- them, and myself. Large Fortune 500 companies required a degree, and you
- really didn't need to know much. And smaller companies didn't pay much.
- They liked being able to hire someone who is good, and who they didn't
- have to pay much. It's a shame that you get paid for the piece of paper
- rather that what you know, and can do. Prior to having a family, I really
- didn't care though, I loved what I was doing, and the money didn't matter.
- So I decided to start a company with a friend of mine. The problem was, I
- didn't realize how lazy he was, and after some customers cancelled their
- orders, because he didn't finish his part, I started my own company,
- designing, and building robotics, and test equipment for large corpora-
- tions.
-
- That was one of the biggest mistakes I ever made. I worked over 100
- hours a week, and made little money. Large corporations seem to get where
- they are by walking on small companies, and throwing them away when they
- ask a fair shake. I had a meeting on the eleventh floor of a local chemi-
- cal corporation tower, where they admitted they owed me thousands of
- dollars, but were not going to pay, because they had hired some new young
- hot shots who wanted to do the job by themselves. The former head of the
- department had been forced into an early retirement at the age of 59,
- which later caused him a heart attack. When I mentioned that I would have
- to take them to court, I was informed that since all the orders, they had
- given me, were rush orders, they hadn't sent me any paper work. In fact I
- don't ever remember getting paper work on any jobs I ever did for them.
- Every job was a rush job, and if you wanted any future orders from them
- you did what they ask. Of course I consulted an attorney, and of course
- he told me that I would be a fool to take on a company of that size. I
- made the mistake one time to take a company to court, who owed me a large
- amount of money, and I saw what happens. I won't go into detail of what
- the job was, if you are like most attorneys, high tech stuff is out of
- your realm, and it would take too long to explain. But to make it simple,
- it was an assembly job, something any low tech person could do. I did
- this job, on 30 day open account payment, which is quite usual in the
- electronic world. I sent the first half open account. But before the
- second half of the order was completed, I was informed by another company,
- that they had a bad reputation for not paying their debts. So I made the
- second half COD. True to form they didn't pay for the first half.
-
- After months of run around phone calls about the person being respon-
- sible for payment being out of town, etc, I decided to take them to court.
- They counter-sued, saying the units I'd done were defective. And without
- notifying me, or giving me the opportunity to repair any supposed defect,
- they said, they had repaired them at a cost of twice what I charged them
- for the whole order. My attorney felt since they were caught in many lies
- in court, and they admitted they never contacted me about any defects, we
- would win. Two weeks later the decision came down that I owed them all
- they asked for, and I got nothing. What happened, who knows. Since
- Cincinnati is not a very good place for a high tech business, and I'd had
- quite a few other bad debts, I was forced into bankruptcy.
-
- But not being the kind of person who gives up, I started again with a
- business manufacturing printed circuit boards, and consumer products. I
- guess this was like jumping from the frying pan to the fire. At one time
- Cincinnati had about a dozen specialty electronic design companies in
- town. Now there is only one I know of. They have all realized there is
- no money in it. So I'm sure it's not just my ability to run a business.
- People save up a little money and get the idea to sell some widget or
- something. They hire someone like me to design it for them, not knowing
- that the product has little importance. And after the reality hits they
- drop the project like a hot potato owing me a large amount of money. I
- tried getting money up front, but they use it up then they have me bill
- them for the rest at 30 days, which stretches to 90 days, or more before I
- realize they have run out of money. At that time I've worked over three
- months for nothing.
-
- It's a shame but most people don't know quality. They buy advert-
- ising, name, and flair. I have a friend who is the head of the design
- department of the largest local toy company, who tells me the product is
- 7th on the list of importance with his company. Marketing of course is
- first, and the list goes down from there. You can quickly see you don't
- need a good product. If you have a good marketing program you can sell
- manure for $5.00 a gallon as fertilizer, face cream, or whatever. It's a
- shame, but I now find my skills aren't really needed.
-
- After a few years of this, I see I'm heading for another bankruptcy, I
- feel I'm getting old, I then lost someone I cared a lot about, and I find
- myself wandering around Drug Palace trying to find something I can kill
- myself with, with assurance that it will work. Fortunately the medicines
- that work for sure are prescription only. Also, I began to realize that
- it would put a big strain on my family, and I didn't want to do to them
- what my mom did to me, so I called University Hospital and told them
- something was wrong with my head. They put me on a new anti-depressant
- drug test program, which turned me into a zombie. Our living conditions
- were really bad. My furnace went out, and I couldn't afford to replace
- it. So for three winters I asphyxiated my family and myself with kerosene
- heaters, which didn't even do much, except make us all cough a lot from
- the fumes, when it was really cold. So we often wore coats to help keep
- us warm. They started foreclosure on our home three times, but somehow we
- ended up coming up with enough money to stop it. I later finally lost it.
- At one point they turned our electricity off. The kids were sitting in
- the tub using the hot water left in the hot water tank to warm them up,
- until it ran out. I had no money but I was expecting a check for a little
- job I'd done, so I turned the electricity back on again myself. A few
- days later I received the check, and paid the electric bill. Then many
- months later, a representative of CG&E and a county sheriff came to my
- house with a warrant for my arrest for theft of utilities, even though my
- electricity was paid up to date. After talking to my attorney they agreed
- to drop the charges, if I would pay around $500.00 for a crack in the
- meter that I'm not sure I even caused. I paid it, and a few weeks later
- CG&E re-instituted the charges, saying the person who agreed to drop them
- didn't have the authority.
-
- Since the utility companies have recently pushed through a law (which
- I doubt that many know about) that makes it a felony to do anything aga-
- inst them, I was charged with a felony. I was encouraged to plead guilty
- to a lesser charge, and was put on one year probation. And then my wife
- left me, stating that she had enough of being poor, and later divorced me.
- Maybe she is better off. Life like this is tough.
-
- So after a few months I had enough of the pills I was taking, and
- threw them in the garbage. I now partially understand how my mother,
- after graduating with honors at the top of her class took 30 sleeping
- pills and killed herself. When I was younger, I would never have believed
- it could get this bad. As I think about it though, I guess it makes
- sense. If you don't have the burning desire to accomplish much, you face
- very little disappointment.
-
- For the next two or three years I could not function. I'd sit on the
- couch crying sometime, in a daze sometime, thinking a lot, and trying to
- function off, and on. And I wasn't a very good provider for my family.
- We would be on welfare, then I would do a little job, then we were back on
- welfare, etc. Somewhere in there I bough a small game computer, and
- learned how to push it beyond its limits. I thought games were a waste of
- time, so when I heard a company was coming out with a device that plugs
- into the slot on the computer meant for game, but would allow me to run
- word processors, spreadsheets, etc I checked into it. I found the device
- needed a set of two computer chips from a MacIntosh computer, so I called
- around, and ended up borrowing some money, and buying about a dozen from
- different places. I figured since the supply seemed low, I could sell the
- remainder at a little markup. Later I ran an ad on a computer bulletin
- board, that I had some chips for sale, and if anyone was interested they
- could leave me a message. I received over 300 requests for the chips.
-
- Then I started thinking. I knew I could copy the chips for my fri-
- ends, and myself. That way I could sell the rest of the chips I had and
- make a few dollars. So I bought some blank chips, copied the chips, and
- sold the ones I'd bought. After a while everyone, I hadn't shipped to,
- was calling to find out why I didn't ship them any. I told them that I
- only had purchased a dozen sets, and they were all gone. So I decided to
- order some more chips, copy them, and send everyone a set.
-
- This continued until I had orders coming in faster than I could make
- them. At this point I started wondering about the legal problems I might
- get myself into, so I contacted from 5 to 10 attorneys (including my
- present attorney) to find out what could happen. Some said they didn't
- know for sure, and others said I could be sued by Apple for copyright
- infringement. Not one ever mentioned anything about criminal prosecution,
- even though I told them exactly what I was doing. One of the investi-
- gators recently told me, I should have known it was a criminal violation
- to do what I was doing, because there are many indications in life that it
- is a criminal offence, like the notice on video tapes. I told him that
- there is so much false propaganda in society that I felt the only way to
- find out for sure was to check with the people who should know. I guess I
- learned something there.
-
- A year and a half ago, I was asked by the company who made the device,
- which my chips plugged into, to show people how it worked at a computer
- show in Chicago. At that show, about five business men came up to me and
- asked me where you get the chips to make the device work. I told them
- that they could order them from me. At that point they informed me that
- two of them were attorneys, and the other three were from Apple Computer.
- Since they didn't seem upset, and seemed only curious how a cheap game
- computer could run software created to run on a MacIntosh, I assumed they
- didn't really object. If they had ever even implied that they wanted me
- to quit, I would have done so. I had already made more money than I ever
- expected too. It also seemed in line with Apples normal policy. They
- encouraged schools to use MacIntosh software by selling MacIntosh com-
- puters to the schools at almost cost. They have many times published that
- students would get used to using Mac software, and then recommend MacIn-
- tosh computers when they got into the business force. Allowing kids to
- use game computers accomplishes the same. It's curious that when everyone
- is questioned about a victim of my crime, they really can't find one, so
- they dance around the question. In reality I doubt that there is a vic-
- tim. The users are happy they have access to information they wouldn't be
- able to afford. And in more ways than one it is boosting Mac sales.
-
- In fact I had a policeman from New York who bought a set of ROMs from
- me to use in his sons computer, and later showed it to his department who
- ended up buying hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of MacIntosh com-
- puters for their department. I had another person buy a set for one of
- his children's computer. He kept them for four months, and called me one
- day to ask if he could return them and get some money back. When I asked
- him why, he informed me he was a doctor, and had went out and spent over
- $10,000.00 on a top of the line Mac IIci. I told him to send his ROM
- chips back, and I would give him all his money back. And these are only a
- few that I know of. Until I was charged, I had sold over 5,000.00 sets of
- ROMs to every kind of person from the US Treasury Dept, and the Veterans
- Administration to school kids who were using their game computer to do
- their homework. But I doubt that many people who can really afford to buy
- a MacIntosh computer are going to buy a game computer with all of its
- problems.
-
- It was funny though, when I was asked what the US government could
- possibly be using the ROMs for, as if they never would skirt around the
- law. I don't mean to pick on government workers, but even though they
- may not want to admit it they are just like the rest of us. Getting what
- they can for as little as they can, and trying to do the best they can in
- a situation where the cards are stacked against them. I know they have
- been cutting the budget, but I believe the government can afford something
- besides a $300.00 game computer. It won't ever be public, but I think I
- know what really happened. Some people working for the government wanted
- to play with one, and just got the government to pay for it, and since the
- FBI knows about it, he probably is already in trouble. See they are as
- bad, and sometimes worse than the rest of us. It makes you wonder how
- many other personal toys, the public is paying for. Mentioning this is
- not an attempt to point the finger, and say they do it too......... Well
- on second thought maybe it was, otherwise I wouldn't have mentioned it.
- But, I am still guilty of making them. Without me they would have probab-
- ly had a friend copy the program into an EPROM or something. In fact from
- what I have counted, only about a forth of the people have been buying
- ROMs like the ones I made. Most people in the computer world probably
- either make them themselves, since it is so simple, or get a copy of the
- program on a computer disc, which is even easier.
-
- All this may sound like Greek to a person who doesn't spend much time
- with computers, but swapping computer programs, is the norm in the com-
- puter world. To date, I've never met a person who wouldn't ask for a copy
- of a program I had, or more often agree to swap a copy of a program he had
- for one I had. There are many hundreds of computer boards around the US,
- and other countries, who offer a 5 or 8 to one exchange. Of course they
- are all copyrighted, and anytime you copy one you are breaking the law,
- but given the option to do without or pay the $200 to $20,000.00 or more
- for a program they aren't really going to use in business, they would
- probably do without. For most it's really more like collecting baseball
- cards, since very few, I talk to, ever seem to know much about the
- programs they already have. It takes much effort, and most people are
- lazy when it comes to using their brains to learn something new, or just
- don't have the time. It's the few that do, that go on to become the whiz
- kids of the future. If they don't have access to the information, this
- country is doomed.
-
- Try to compare it to going to the public library in which almost all
- books are copyrighted. Now try to find a floor of the library without a
- copier. What's that copier for. Now, and in the future more and more
- data is being put on computer discs. In the distant future the library as
- it is today will probably disappear. Can you imagine what it would be
- like if you as an attorney, or a student had to buy every book you used at
- the library. I understand that there is a law that says you can now copy
- part of a book but not the whole book, but there is no way you can copy
- part of a computer disc, and be able to use it. Or to really compare
- apples and apples, attorneys and many other professionals are using what
- they copy to make money, so you could say they should have to buy the
- book. Well, in reality if they find they use it a lot, they usually do.
- And in the computer world, if they use a program a lot, they also usually
- do. It's so much nicer to have the support of the author of the program,
- and be able to call them and get help by giving them your buyers' author-
- ization number off the box, when you need help.
-
- And if you know very little about computers, what I did was sort of
- like providing the viewer to look at these programs. And if you have the
- viewer, you look at MacIntosh programs, and if you find a use for them you
- buy them, and Apple, and their developers therefore make money. And if
- they have a real use for the programs, they usually get discouraged by the
- problems of the game computer, and you go out and buy a real MacIntosh,
- which makes Apple even more money.
-
- I still can't understand why, if it is now the business of the FBI,
- to stop the pirating of software, why do they know about these pirate
- boards, and not stop them. And I can guarantee they know about many of
- them. From watching, and talking to them it seems it's only against the
- law if you make money doing it. That's cute, you can supposedly cheat a
- company out of all the money you want, but if you make too much money
- doing it, the FBI is going to take it away, put you in jail, and not give
- a cent to the people who have been ripped off. There are some other
- things they have done, in my case, which I wont mention because it might
- hurt people needlessly, which also let me know this is true. Also, in my
- case they say they are not even sure Apple lost any money. I think I may
- have figured out the amount too. I watched an agent get chewed out in
- front of me for telling his boss that I had a million dollars, when I only
- had less than a $400,000.00. It seemed he was irritated that they came
- after me before I made enough money for them. Which was also in bad
- taste. He could have waited until I wasn't around. I actually felt sorry
- for the guy.
-
- Contrary to what Apple might try to say, real businesses aren't going
- to buy game computers to use, and the game computer doesn't run all the
- software, or have color, anyway. I also doubt that many of these mostly
- kids who are using game computers could afford the over $3000.00 price for
- a Mac. And the idea as was mentioned by Apple's attorneys that they would
- worry about repair of the bad chips they might get back, is also ridicu-
- lous since they admitted the part only cost them $1.00, and if every chip
- I ever sold failed they could replace them all for less than $5,000.00.
- To date I've only had about a dozen people call and say their chips didn't
- work, and I just sent them a new one. In reality, when I checked them
- most of them weren't really bad at all. They must have been plugging them
- in wrong or something. It's very rare for a chip that has no moving parts
- to ever go bad.
-
- I admire IBM who when Compact Computer Company did exactly what I did,
- by copying the chips from IBM's MS DOS PC computer, told Compact Computer
- they didn't care, and that they felt it would help MS DOS computer sales.
- And I guess it worked. Today MS DOS computer sales count for over 60% of
- all 'S computer sales. I'm curious what would have happened if IBM had
- taken the position of Apple computer. I wonder if they would have charged
- the owners of that large corporation with something, and then tack on
- charges that carries 26 years in jail. I doubt it.
-
- Another interesting thing is that the copyright, that I'm accused of
- violating, is presently in litigation in California. And the ROM chips I
- was selling aren't even for sale anymore, by Apple. If you own a MacIn-
- tosh computer, and have a chip go bad, tough luck, it's out of warranty,
- and you go out and plunk down another $3000.00 for another one. They
- probably won't admit this, but I've sold quite a few hundred sets to
- repair centers for Apple, who say they can't get them from Apple anymore
- at any cost. As for the litigation I mentioned, it seems everyone is in
- litigation. IBM has encouraged Microsoft Corporation and Hewlet Packard
- Corporation to make a program that works like the MacIntosh ROMs to be
- used in the IBM MS DOS computer, so Apple is suing them. This upset many
- people, including Apple Records who is now suing Apple Computer for using
- their name and going into the music business without their permission.
- And Zerox is suing Apple Computer for copying part of the same program
- which is in the ROMs that I'm accused of copying. They say they created
- it to be used in a computer that they later decided not to produce, and
- Apple has copied it without their permission. Also there is a group of
- engineers within Apple who calls themselves the New Promethius League who
- are dissatisfied with the bully tactics used by Apple, and are giving away
- the program I was selling to anyone who asks for it at no charge.
-
- Apple appears to be trying to monopolize a computer that they didn't
- really totally create themselves, and is making many people in the com-
- puter world very unhappy. They drastically over charge for it, and sue
- anyone who is possibly a threat. Now they have the FBI doing their work
- for them, so they don't look worse than they already do. You can buy an
- IBM with the same power for less than a third of the cost. It's very
- interesting that you can run most of their software on a game computer
- that sells for a little over $300.00 and until recently they sold the
- lowest cost Mac for over $3000.00. Fortunately computer publications
- aren't so sympathetic, and are informing people of what is going on.
- Also, fortunately for the consumer, so many people are angry that I doubt
- that Apple will be able to hold out in the long run. In a way I hate to
- see it. The Mac is a really nice computer and I'm going to hate to see
- developers steer away from it. But maybe it will make them clean up their
- act. In reality, I doubt it.
-
- I've been asked many times by companies wanting to create a clone of
- the Mac if I could sell them 256K ROMs from the top of the line Mac II
- family. It's actually as easy to copy as the ones I sold, and I could get
- twice the money, but I like the Mac computer, and don't want to do any-
- thing that would harm Apple. Not for Apple themselves, but the consumer
- like myself would be harmed. My interest in playing with Mac software is
- what has helped bring me out of the deep depression I was in. I have also
- met a friend who lives in Pasadena, CA who is in the same boat. His wife
- died, and at the age of 60 sitting around waiting to die he developed an
- interest in Mac software, and now lives in his computer as I do. That was
- until the FBI took his ROM set away from him. He could never have done it
- without the emulator by Gadgets Inc, and the ROMs I sold him. The
- computer would have cost more than his car.
-
- This same Apple Inc. has now contacted the FBI to use them to stop me,
- when all they would have had to do is ask me to stop. And all the reports
- show that the FBI has really done everything by themselves, so as to not
- involve Apple. I even believed it for a while. In order to not hurt the
- persons who finally let me know what really happened, I won't mention how
- I found out to the contrary. Now I'm forced to plead guilty to char-
- ges, or I will be charged with multiples of the same charges for each
- transaction, and other charges, which carry more time than me and my great
- grandchildren have to live. But the real reason I plead guilty was that
- I didn't want anymore local publicity than has already been published, and
- I've been told you can't beat the IRS or the FBI, anyway. So far it has
- appeared in only one local paper, and the way it was worded, mentioning
- guns without saying that they were legally registered, and using words
- like money laundering which most people believe has something to do with
- drugs, has caused many people to believe I must be involved with the
- Mafia. My oldest daughter cried herself to sleep one night, when her best
- friend's father told his daughter that she wasn't allowed to talk to her
- or come to our home anymore, because my criminal gangster friends might
- come after me sometime and hurt his daughter. And her dad is supposed to
- be an intelligent engineer at General Electric Company. I wonder what the
- not too intelligent people are thinking. But since writing this, and
- receiving my sentence I have decide that, hiding things lets them hurt you
- more.
-
- It does seem a little out of proportion to tack on laws that carry a
- 25 year sentence to a charge that carries a maximum sentence of one year.
- And even though I understand that ignorance is no excuse, it's interesting
- that when I went to question people to find out who created all the lies
- on the search and seizure warrant, I questioned my bank manager who along
- with denying that he said what was stated on the report, went on to tell
- me that he was asked why he didn't report me when I was making so many
- transactions under $10,000.00. He told me that, he told them, he knew the
- form had to filled out for transactions over $10,000.00 but he didn't know
- it was against the law to do anything under that amount. One of my attor-
- neys, after reading the law, said heck the way the law is written, I might
- have been guilty of violating it, in the past. I told him to lower his
- voice, or he might be charged next. I don't know how they can expect
- people to follow the rules, if no one seems to know the rules.
-
- It has been implied though not stated that I was going to hide my
- income from IRS. This is total bunk. In the search warrant it was repor-
- ted that I told bank managers, and other people, on many different oc-
- casions, that I was trying to cheat on my taxes. I talk a lot, but I
- don't think I would be that crazy, even if I really had the intent. And
- all of them denied it, when I later asked them. Since I'm hoping the
- prosecution hasn't gone as far as to make things up, it's either that
- someone tried to score some points while talking to an agent, or they
- misread my attempts to hide my actions, and told themselves, that was what
- I was doing. There probably is no way to ever find out. At another bank
- where it was stated that, I said the same thing, I have only talked to the
- young teller, and I really believed her when she said no one ever talked
- to her. I'd guess the information was third hand from her boss, who I
- have never talked, too. So many people have supposedly said it, that it
- appears as if it's coming from a script. I could go on and on about this,
- which serves no purpose.
-
- I guess it's is just that when you do unusual or questionable things
- people read into it what they want, too. I even had the probation officer
- who came to make a pre-sentence investigation report on me write in his
- report that I told him I was going to cheat on my taxes. Now this is
- really nuts. I had told him when he was here that I had no intention of
- cheating on my taxes. After he left, I called him to tell him something I
- had forgotten, and ended up telling him again, just to make sure he un-
- derstood, that I had no intention of cheating on my taxes. When a copy of
- his report came to me a few weeks later, it said I told him I was going to
- cheat on my taxes. Since I had the right to object, I called my attorney
- and had him get it removed. That is, I hope, I never saw the final editi-
- on. It's as if this fixation is in everyone's head. In all honesty, the
- investigator I talked too, was very fair in his report. He probably was
- obligated to say this or something. I really don't know. All I know for
- sure is that I doubt that I would have the nerve to falsify my income tax,
- knowing I would probably be audited, and I would have had no way of kno-
- wing how much information they would have known. I told an FBI agent
- recently, that knowing my personality, it's possible that I would have
- pushed the limits a little, but didn't even get to find out, and really
- even doubt that. At one time I had thought of giving them an extra $50,0-
- 00.00 beyond what I owed them, just to insure they wouldn't come after me.
- But, as my dad, who was head of a local branch of the Ohio State tax
- bureau for many years told me, with the IRS rules the way they are, I
- probable would still have been charged with something.
-
- I had more money than I needed, and was trying to straighten things
- out. I did many stupid things that may have indicated I might try to
- cheat. But everyone knows, it is serious stuff to make a lot of money,
- and not pay income taxes. If I had to guess what I would have done, from
- past filing experience, I probably would have done, what I did in previous
- years. Take the book you get from IRS, go down page by page, looking for
- the category things I had bought, fell under, and if it looked as if I
- could deduct it, I would. Because every thing written can be interpreted
- may different ways, I probably would have deducted too little or too much.
- I wonder if anyone even believes me, even my attorney may not, though he
- probably really doesn't care, he's just doing his job the best he can. In
- fact that seems what everyone is doing, while covering their tail at the
- same time. It's real frustrating when you know your own thoughts, but
- can't find a way to explain them to others, without them reading in their
- own thoughts. And even if you could, the system is set up so, that most
- of them can't even do anything about the chain of events anyway. Here I
- am not being charged with trying to rip off IRS, but yet since the pros-
- ecutors feel that was what I was going to do, they have used other charges
- which can convict me without actually having to charge me with what they
- think I was going to do. Something is definitely wrong with this system.
-
- As my secretary, my friends, my family, and myself have many times
- told the FBI, and if anyone is really interested, I felt that some day I
- might be sued by Apple as attorneys have told me, so if it happened I
- didn't want them to be able to find my money. In fact most of my money
- came from out of this country via bank transfers, which appear on my bank
- statements which would be available at any audit. I admit I wrote checks
- to myself to remove the money from the bank, but I don't believe this is
- against the law, and I also cashed most of the US checks written to my
- name, which is also not against the law, or the bank wouldn't have let me
- do it. During two bankruptcies I've had creditors go into my account and
- take all they could find. At one time I had no money for groceries, so I
- borrowed some money from my brother, and like an idiot put it in my check-
- ing account. The next day one of my creditors took every penny. I ended
- up going to welfare to get an emergency food voucher.
-
- I admit I didn't file income tax for a few years. I wasn't making any
- money, and in my depressed state, not really wanting to live anymore,
- filing income tax was low in priority. I'd also asked what the penalty
- for not filing was. and I was told that I would have to pay an additional
- penalty based on what I owed them, which in my case was nothing. I un-
- derstand, unless you make a certain amount, which I'm sure I didn't, you
- aren't required to even file. But I bet, if you asked 10 attorneys, you
- would get either an I don't really know for sure, or 10 different stories.
- They don't even know all the laws. I understand, however, as consistency
- follows through, there is a law that says you must file, and another one
- that says you don't need to. And you have to guess which one to use.
-
- The biggest mistake I made appears to be that I took cash from my
- checking account then purchased cashier's checks for an amount under
- $10,000.00 to buy things. It seems there is a law which says it is il-
- legal to try to avoid the $10,000.00 reporting amount. I even admitted to
- the FBI and IRS that I was trying to avoid it so it would be hard for
- Apple to find my money if they ever came after me, and no one ever told me
- this was illegal.
-
- Near the end of the year in which I started making money, I hired a
- secretary to type into my computer all the receipts and information I had
- accumulated in the past few years. After a few months I found she had
- written a check to her self for $800.00 and had forged my name, so I asked
- her to leave. I later looked at what she had been typing into the com-
- puter and found it was mostly garbage. She was in pre-law at the Univer-
- sity of Cincinnati and even though she took the job, she didn't like being
- a lowly secretary. Since I had to start over and it would be too late to
- file income tax for that year, I decided to put it off until the next
- year. Around the middle of the next year I hired another secretary to
- retype the information into the computer. She was running a little late
- so I filed for an extension on my taxes. Before the extension was up I
- was raided by the FBI and the IRS, who didn't know I'd filed an extension.
- After they looked it up they told my attorney that the $1000.00 I had put
- on the extension form, indicated that I was planning on paying only $1000-
- .00 in taxes. This is ridiculous. I hadn't filed income tax for quite a
- few years, and had no idea of what I was going to have to pay. You just
- have to put something down anyway.
-
- I had hundreds of thousands of dollars going through my checking ac-
- count, and I'm going to try to claim I'm only going to owe $1000.00. As
- the joke goes I may be stupid, but I'm not crazy, or am I. If I was ever
- audited, which I sure would have been, after not having filed for so many
- years, they would surely ask for my bank statements, which would show
- this. And I don't really believe any rational person could believe this.
- But again they didn't charge me with income evasion. And too many people,
- whom the IRS talked too, also knew I was trying to bring my taxes up to
- date. (E.g., My ex-wife, my secretary, my daughters, my father, etc.) Why
- don't they just come out and say that everything you do with money, has to
- be reported to the Federal Government, whether you pay taxes on it or not.
- And let everyone know it. What happened to the constitution, and things
- like right to privacy etc. They can now stop cars, and search them wit-
- hout reason or suspicion. I guess the homes are next. And with what they
- did with the CNN tapes, it looks like it's not far off. Of course in that
- case they had to give the tapes back because they created too much of a
- ruckus doing it, and CNN is pretty big and powerful also.
-
- In reality I had more money than I knew what to do with. I was giving
- it away by the handfuls. While I was in Tijuana, Mexico, across the
- border from San Diego, I gave away over $10,000.00 to skinny poor people
- on the street. At my bank I overheard the teller ask an old man if he was
- sure he could live for the next week on the $7.25 he had left. And here I
- was cashing a check for over $7,000.00. So on the way out I took a hand-
- ful of $100.00 bills and stuffed them into his shirt pocket, and said
- Merry Christmas, even though it was in the middle of the Summer. I didn't
- know what else to say. I gave away so much I really can't remember where
- it all went. I bought all my kids new bedroom sets, while I slept on a
- stack of old mattresses, using an old busted dresser, I've since thrown
- away. And the FBI knows all this to be true. Even with all the money I
- was mostly depressed, and really didn't want much except a better computer
- which I bought. If I tried to do some electronic design it seemed to
- bring to mind my past failures, and I got really nervous and shaky for
- some reason, and couldn't wait to quit. I tried learning to fly, and
- bought an old plane because I was told that most small plane manufacturers
- were going out of the business, which would make small planes more valua-
- ble. But I soon got bored with flying and didn't even finish my license.
- It was funny when my ex-wife told me that the FBI had asked her if I took
- trips out of the country with my plane. I guess in their eyes, everyone
- who breaks the law is into drugs. Even in my home they thought a bag of
- plaster of Paris from one of my kid's hobby sets was some kind of drug.
- In reality I was afraid to fly my plane without an instructor. After over
- 50 hours, I could take off and fly it but I don't land too well. I guess
- I'll never be a pilot.
-
- The guns I bought turned out to be a bad idea because of the stigma
- surrounding any type of weapon. I didn't know anything about guns. But
- when I saw on the news that they had put a ban on any more imports of
- certain kinds of guns, and later my brother talked me into going to a Bill
- Goodman gun and knife show, I realized that they were sure to go up in
- value. And it turned out as I expected. The guns I bought are now worth
- over three times what I paid for them. And they were all legally regi-
- stered, with $200.00 sent to the US government for each, with all the fin-
- gerprints, wavers signed by the local sheriff and 90 day investigation
- done properly. But they didn't charge me with illegal guns. They just
- took them because I bought them with illegally gained money. And every
- report has mention of them. I also had a VCR, and a TV, but no one men-
- tioned them. If they mention you have things as money, guns, or airplanes
- it helps them make you look more like a gangster or something else bad.
- In advertising it's called sensationalism. It's using anything that gets
- a reaction from Joe public to achieve your goal.
-
- Most of my days were spent on the phone helping people learn to use
- Apple software, since that was the only thing I still seemed to enjoy. I
- guess the feeling that you get when you help someone learn something is
- the only enjoyment I could still get. I spent my days helping the people
- Apple should have been helping, and they put me in jail. Boy, that's a
- kick in the teeth. I've tried to get help from Apple myself. If the
- phones not busy, and you get through to someone, they assume you are an
- idiot, and rush you off the phone as fast as they can. In my case, I find
- I know more than most of the people I talk too.
-
- Today no one knows the rules, and everyone is afraid to say anything.
- I asked an attorney recently if the way I was selling a computer scanner
- could be against the law, and he told me that if I thought it might be
- against the law he didn't want to know about it. I had a meeting with the
- FBI, where I was questioned about consulting with many attorneys
- concerning any trouble I could get into for violating Apples copyright.
- When the question came up, my attorney quickly announced that he had told
- me he didn't know the law concerning copyright violations, as if he was
- defending himself. I talked with three attorneys to find out if they
- could help me with this case, and was told the FBI and the IRS are so
- powerful that unless I still have lots of money, or am squeaky clean I
- couldn't win. One of the FBI or IRS agents told me they have a 97.8
- percent conviction rate, which I guess means I'm to assume is because the
- are proficient in getting the real facts and evidence. From all the inac-
- curate information I've seen them using, I find this hard to accept.
- When they came to search my home, they ran me off the road in a junk car
- that looked as if it had a bunch of gangsters in it. Then yanked my 11
- year old daughter out of the car hurting her arm. Not seriously, however.
- They appeared to be excited because their plans of catching me at home
- were foiled by me taking my daughter to her ice skating class. I guess
- they have procedures, and were only doing their job the way they were
- trained. I can't fault them with that. I'm sure they didn't know what to
- expect. I own guns, so I guess I could have been a crazy. Actually I've
- only shot one of them once, on a farm. They make too much noise, and you
- can't hit what you are aiming at. The other ones I had reconditioned, so
- they would be attractive to, collectors, and dealers. And I don't mean
- drug dealers.
-
- They served me with a search and seizure warrant filled with manufac-
- tured evidence. By whom I'm not sure. Most paragraphs ended with a
- statement that quote "The information provided has been proved to be
- accurate and reliable by independent investigation." And since most, were
- statements that I supposedly had made, how do you prove them reliable
- unless someone else was standing there at the time, which they weren't.
- Also for me to have supposedly walked up to a bank manager and say I want
- to structure my transactions to avoid paying income tax would really be
- insane. And, as I mentioned they denied it. There are also many things
- which have been done, which are obviously illegal, but to mention them
- would put individuals within the system in bad light, which is not what
- I'm trying to do here.
-
- I'm sorry if it appears that I'm trying to excuse my actions by at-
- tacking the system which is charged to uphold the law. But they have
- exaggerated, maybe even fabricated, and used whatever necessary to prosec-
- ute me, for laws that most people don't know exist, and probably couldn't
- understand if they read them, so I feel I have the right to bring it all
- out. Obviously I can't blame anyone for what I did. No one twisted my
- arm. It's just that they have a law for almost everything you do, and
- everyone is afraid to stand up against the system. Even the people within
- the system. They tried it in the 60s, and lost. And they keep passing
- more laws. I'm waiting for them to attach at 25 year law to jaywalking.
- The way the laws are worded I bet, if you made any money doing it, they
- could find a way. And the law they used was obviously passed to be used
- against drug dealers. Every other paragraph says something about drugs.
-
- The only thing I know about drugs is what I see on television. I
- tried marijuana once in the early 60s but I don't like the feeling of
- losing control of my faculties. I won't even have more than one drink
- when I eat out. And lately with the laws the way they are, I'm afraid to
- have even the one. It really upsets me to think that, so many people, are
- so dissatisfied with their life that they need to use substances to escape
- from the realities. With all the pressures I've been under lately it
- would be so tempting to want to escape. I realize it may help me escape,
- but it makes life harder on those around me who are trying to deal the
- best they can with life which is tough enough.
-
- Now I'm being forced to help go after and prosecute other people who
- don't even know they are breaking the law, and are also not really hurting
- anyone. I'm being asked to help convict xxxxxx. Heck, I hear Apple
- didn't even know they weren't real until they busted one open xxxxxxxx
- and I never talked about it. I'm not saying this to help xxxxx. It's a
- shame, but he doesn't realize that, if you get their attention, they're
- going to get you. They decide if you broke the law or not. The FBI is
- getting everyone these days. I saw the other day on the news, where they
- walked into a hotel room and took tapes from CNN, without even a search
- warrant. No wonder we get along with the USSR so well these days. There
- doesn't appear to be much difference between the FBI and the KGB, except
- that I don't believe the FBI beats people. Of course I'm not sure the KGB
- does anymore either. But it's possible that I'm wrong on both counts.
- This I find very distasteful, but if I don't help them I'll get more
- charges, which affects my family.
-
- We seem to be trying to clear up all the crime in the world, with a
- big fervor. What will we have, if we ever accomplish it. For one thing
- many unemployed attorneys, agents, and judges. We'll all drive the same
- kind of car, because to think or be different from the next guy will be a
- crime. As people begin obeying most of the heavy laws, we will start
- charging people with looking funny, so the attorneys, and law enforcers
- can hold on to their jobs. First we will build more jails to hold all the
- violators, until half the population is in jail. Then as they start to
- obey all rules we will make up things that people are doing wrong. Even-
- tually we will be the robots that the futuristic movies talk about.
- Sounds ridiculous doesn't it. The Germans were almost able to do it with
- the Jews, but if history tells us anything, eventually the people are
- going to be upset.
-
- I made some mistakes, and I'm not really blaming anyone. I didn't know
- copyright violation was so serious, and the rest are just laws created for
- one thing then used for another, because they feel I was probably going to
- cheat on my taxes. But that is the way the chips fell, and I'll take my
- punishment, and try again for the forth time. I often wonder if I'm not
- really crazy, to keep trying when the obstacles are stacked so high. They
- say a new business has a one in 3000 chance of making it. And their
- definition of making it is that they just continue to stay in business. I
- bet the odds against making a profit are even higher. For me, now it will
- be even harder. I have a credit record that looks as if a bomb dropped on
- it, and now I'm a felon. Well, only about 20 years left and I'll be too
- old to try. But again my grandfather was a millionaire, lost it all
- betting on the ponies, as he called it, and at 98 he was still trying to
- get back to where he was. I don't know if I can take another 40 years of
- this.
-
-
- E N D O F S T A T E M E N T
-
-
- The above was a statement prepared by D. Hayes to be read to the Judge at
- the conclusion of Hayes' trial and sentencing.
-
-
-
- Part II of this article will appear next week, in it, the actual
- charges levied against D. Hayes are detailed and explained.
-
-
-
-
-
-
- _________________________________________________________
-
-
-
-
-
- > STR Portfolio News & Information™ Keeping up to date...
- ================================
-
-
-
-
- CTSY CIS
-
-
-
-
- HYPERLIST FOR PORTFOLIO PALMTOP
- ===============================
-
-
- HyperList, a software "idea processor" for the Atari palmtop personal
- computer, allows users to log and categorize pieces of information into
- an MS-DOS (R)-uploadable format, anytime, anywhere.
-
- "This packages is a "must have' for anyone who gathers, categorizes
- and prioritizes personal and professional information and data on a daily
- basis," said Sam Tramiel, Atari Corporation CEO. "HyperList enables the
- user to turn scattered bits and pieces of information into something that
- is organized and useful. And, because it runs on the Portfolio, data can
- be accessed whenever and wherever it's needed," he said.
-
- Using the new package, Portfolio users can take simple lists and turn
- them into hierarchial sublists or "HyperLists." For example, salespeople
- can keep lists of clients and sublists of action items under each of
- those clients.
-
- Lists and sublists are displayed in simple outline format, but they
- are really much more; they provide a comprehensive means of creating,
- arranging, manipulating, storing and reading HyperLists.
-
- HyperList differentiates itself from comparable "outliner" programs on
- the market in several ways. First and most importantly, HyperList was
- developed for the Atari Portfolio--ensuring that personal organization is
- not restricted to the confines of a desktop personal computer.
-
- HyperList also displays information in an exceptionally clear and
- concise format. Sublevels are shown individually, rather that in a multi-
- ple level format. This provides for a simple and orderly view which is
- especially easy-to-read on the 40-character x 8-line screen of the palmtop
- computer. In addition, sublists are flush left, rather than tabbed to the
- right, keeping the number of lines to a minimum.
-
- Introduced in April 1989, the Atari Computer Portfolio was the in-
- dustry's first MS-DOS 2.11 command-compatible palmtop personal computer.
- Small enough to slip into a suitcoat pocket, this one-pound powerhouse
- includes five internal software packages, 128K RAM and LCD display.
-
- HyperList will be available in January for a suggested list price of
- $49.95. The portfolio is available immediately with a suggested list of
- $299.00 package" is a computer that's within everyone's reach.
-
- Market Outlook
-
- According to IDG, Input and Dataquest (independent research firms),
- the market for laptop computers will double to nearly $6 billion over the
- next three years. This growth is attributed the the number of people who
- intend to add laptops as second computers.
-
- By being first to market with the palmtop personal computer, and
- offering key software and peripherals, Atari Computer is positioned for
- leadership in the pocket-sized portable niche market.
-
- The Portfolio, including a PC Card Drive and a 128K RAM card has a
- suggested U.S. retail of $499.95. An optional AC Adapter lists for $9.95.
- The Serial Interface is $79.95 and the Parallel Interface is $49.95.
- Additional Memory cards are 32K, $79.95, 64K, $129.95 and 128K, $199.95.
- The Finance Card has a suggested retail of $89.95. The DOS Utilities Card
- retails for $89.95 and the HyperList retails for $49.94. The leather
- carrying case for the Portfolio is available at a suggested retail of
- $39.95. All are available for immediate delivery from Atari authorized
- dealers across the country.
-
-
-
-
- ____________________________________________________
-
-
-
-
-
- > STReport CONFIDENTIAL™ "ATARI NEWS & EVENTS FIRST!"
- =====================
-
-
-
- - Sunnyvale, CA STACY SUCCESSOR TO BE MAHVALOUS!
- -------------
-
- The NEW Atari "Laptop" will be an excercise in perfection. The unit
- will be the latest Atari technology including the latest TOS. It will
- not however, be in the STe family. It will have a battery and its sup-
- posed to last at least 2+ hrs. The new unit is alleged to be somewhat
- smaller in bulk and weight than the current laptop.
-
-
-
-
- - Sunnyvale, CA "BLACK FRIDAY" RUMORS ABOUND!
- -------------
-
- At this point in time, that's all they are.... Rumors!! Rumors that
- more than just a few folks are "layed off" at Atari. Rumors that the "so-
- called cryptograms" alluded to by a few 'less informed' collegues are now
- about to come to pass. Atari was called for either verification or
- clarification and unfortunately, STReport found that the majority of folks
- were unavailable for comment (vacations, home for the holidays etc.).
- STReport did however, manage to reach two responsible, well informed folks
- from Atari who emphasized that this, the latest in a long line of unfound-
- ed rumors, like the Stumph Rumor, is totally just that ..a rumor and a bad
- one at that.
-
-
-
-
- - Sunnyvale, CA 2 DEALERS TO LOSE AUTHORIZATION!
- -------------
-
- The names of the dealers have been witheld pending notification of
- revocation, but this much is known; Dealer "A" in California, has been
- selling TOS in EPROM chips and has made claims of "exclusivity" in
- distribution of certain software when it was proven to not be the case.
- Dealer "B" in Michigan, has been selling TOS in EPROM chips among other
- complaints in a list provided by Atarians in the area. STReport applauds
- Atari for having taken definitive steps in correcting one of the most
- serious of problems... Dealers who constantly abuse their loyal Atari
- customers and thus, give all Atari Dealers a "black eye". There is much
- more to this story that will remain untold unless revealed by the dealers
- in question. Time will tell.
-
-
-
-
- - Rockford, IL ICD RUMORED TO BE DEVELOPING AN 030 UPGRADE
- ------------
-
- ICD Inc. long on the cutting edge of innovative hardware and software
- designed to fully support the Atari ST platform is rumored to be heavily
- engaged in the development of its own 68030 upgrade for ST computer own-
- ers. ICD, while enjoying an excellent reputation for the quality of its
- host adapters that opened the world of hard drives to ST owners, has also
- recently introduced AdSpeed. AdSpeed is ICD's latest entry into the
- Atari marketplace and has literally taken the market by storm. ICD's
- ADSpeed has gained widespread acceptance in the 16Mhz accellerator field
- because it is fully compatible with one of the most popular artwork progr-
- ams, Spectrum 512 and other programs like Quantum Paint, F-Copy 3, The
- ProCopy Series and Cue Base in the midi field. ICD's Hard Drive Utility
- soft-ware, Cleanup and the software for use with the ICD Tape Backup have
- only amplified the reliablity of ICD's R&D. All their offerings to the ST
- community have been enthusiastically accepted.
-
- For further Information contact:
-
- ICD Incorporated
- 1220 Rock Street
- Rockford, IL 61101
- (815) 968-2228 Information
- (815) 968-6888 FAX
-
-
-
-
-
- ______________________________________________________
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- > PRODUCT SOURCES STR InfoFile™ PRODUCT SOURCES FOR ATARI ENTHUSIASTS
- ============================
-
-
-
-
- PRODUCT SOURCES FOR ATARI ENTHUSIASTS
- =====================================
-
-
-
- ATARI CORPORATION Antic Direct
- 1196 Borregas Avenue 544 Second Street
- Sunnyvale, CA. 94086 San Francisco, CA 94107
- (408) 745-2000 (800) 234-7001
- Hardware - Software Psygnosis Games etc...
-
- ABCO Computer Electronics Gribnif Software
- P.O. Box 6672 P.O. Box 350
- Jacksonville, FL. 32221 Hadley, MA 01035
- (800) 562-4037 (413) 584-7887
- Hard Disks & Supplies NeoDesk & Turbo C
-
- 1ST Stop Computers Horizon Computers
- 7085 Corporate Way 695 S. Colorado Blvd., #10
- Centerville, OH 45459 Denver, CO 80222
- (800) 252-2787 (303) 777-8080
- Full Line Dealer Authorized Atari Dealer
-
- A & D Software ISD Marketing Inc.
- 226 NW 'F' Street 2651 John St., Unit #3
- Grants Pass, OR 97526 Markham, Ontario, CA *L3R 2W5
- (503) 476-0071 (416) 479-1880
- Universal Item Selector Calamus, DynaCadd etc...
-
- Alpha Systems L & Y Computers
- 1012 Skyland 13644c Jefferson Davis H'wy.
- Macedonia, OH 44056 Woodbridge, Va. 22191
- (216) 467-5665 (703) 494-3444
- 16 and 8 bit Support Atari products and Software
-
- ASDE Inc. Maxwell CPU
- 151 Rue Jolicoeur 2124 W. Centennial Dr.
- Hull, Quebec Canada J8Z1C8 Louisville, CO 80027
- (819) 770-7681 (303) 666-7754
- Geography Tutor etc... Expose - Silhouette
-
- Atari Interface Magazine Step Ahead Software Inc.
- 3487 Braeburn Circle 496-A Hudson Street Suite F39
- Ann Arbor, MI 48108 New York City, N.Y. 10014
- (313) 973-8825 (212) 627-5830
- Atari Magazine and Monthly Disk Tracker ST
-
- B&C ComputerVisions Mars Merchandising
- 3257 Kifer Road 1041b St. Charles Rd.
- Santa Clara, CA 95051 Lombard Il.
- (408) 749-1003 (817) 589-2950
- Atari Products & Supplies Atari Products & Accs.
-
- Branch Always Software Lantech
- 14150 N.E. 20th St. PO Box R
- Bellevue, WA 98007 Billerica, MA 01821
- (206) 885-5893 (508) 667-9191
- Quick ST, Software 10 Megabit Local Area Network
-
- Best Electronics Migraph Inc.
- 2021 The Alameda Suite 290 200 S. 333rd St.
- San Jose, CA 95126 Federal Way, WA 98003
- (408) 243-6950 (206) 838-4677
- THE Atari parts source & Supplies Top Notch Graphical Products
-
- Computer Garden MicroTyme
- WestSide Mall 4049 Marshall Road
- Edwardsville, PA 18704 Kettering, OH 45429
- (800) 456-5689 (800) 255-5835
- Discount Software Discount Hardware & Software
-
- Carter Graphics & Computers Practical Solutions Inc.
- 914 W. Sunset Blvd. 1135 N. Jones Blvd.
- St. George, UT 84770 Tucson, AZ 85716
- (801) 628-6111 (602) 322-6100
- Atari Products Atari support products
-
- CodeHead Software Prospero Software
- P.O. Box 74090 100 Commercial St.
- Los Angeles, CA 90004 Suite 306 Portland, ME 04101
- (213) 386-5735 (207) 874-0382
- Software Products "Codekeys" Software Products
-
- Comput-Ability Rio Datel Computers
- P.O. Box 17882 3430 E. Tropicana Ave., #65
- Milwaukee, WI 53217 Las Vegas, NE 89121
- (414) 357-8181 (800) 782-9110
- Atari Products & Distributor International Products
-
- CompuServe Information Service San Jose Computers
- P. O. Box 20212 640 Blossom Hill Road
- Columbus, OH 43220-0212 San Jose, CA 95123
- (614) 457-0802 (408) 224-8575
- Online Services Atari Products
-
- D.A. Brumleve Seagate Technology
- 607 West Illinois Street 920 Disc Drive
- Urbana, IL 61801 Scotts Valley, CA 95066
- (217) 337-0674 (800) 468-3472
- High Quality Kiddie Software Hard Drive Mechanisms
-
- Debonair Software Sideline Software
- P.O. Box 521166 840 NW 57th Court
- Salt Lake City, UT 84152 Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309
- EL CAL The Math Machine (305) 771-9035
- Atari Support Products International Software Source
-
- D & P Computer SofTrek
- P.O. Box 811 P.O. Box 5257
- Elyria, Ohio 44036 Winter Park, FL 32793
- (800) 535-4290 (407) 657-4611
- Atari Support Products TurboST "The Software Blitter"
-
- Double Click Software ST Informer
- P.O. Box 741206 909 NW Starlite Place
- Houston, TX 77274 Grants Pass OR 97526
- (712) 977-6520 (503) 476-0071
- Software Developer Monthly Newspaper
-
- Duggan DeZign Inc. Strata Software
- 16 Oak Ridge Dr. 94 Rowe Drive
- West Warwick RI 02893 Kanata Ontario Canada K2L 3Y9
- (401) 826-2961 (613) 591-1922
- "Designs with Fun in Mind!" Stalker/Steno TeleCom
-
- Fast Technology Talon Technology
- P.O. Box 578 243 N. Hwy. 101, Ste 11
- Amdover, MA 01810 Solana Beach, CA 92075
- (508) 475-3810 (619) 792-6511
- 16Mhz 68000 Accelerator Supercharger IBM Emulator
-
- Gadgets by Small Toad Computers
- 40 W. Littleton Blvd. 556 Baltimore Annapolis Blvd.
- #210-211, Littleton, CO 80120 Severna Park, MD 21146
- (303) 791-6098 (301) 544-6943
- Spectre GCR MAC Emulator Mass Storage & Atari Prod.
-
- Goldleaf Publishing, Inc. WuzTEK Omnimon Peripherals
- 700 Larkspur Landing Circle, One Tech Dr. Bldg. 1E, #301
- Suite 199 Larkspur, CA 94939 Irvine, CA 92718
- (415) 461-5703 (714) 753-9253
- WordFlair Document Processor Atari support products
-
- Dr. Bobware Wiz Works!
- 180 N. Hazeltine Avenue P.O. Box 45
- Campbell, OH. 44405-1024 Girard, OH. 44420
- (216) 743-4712 (216) 539-5623
- MVG & Modules Graphics Image Cat - MugShot!
-
- GEnie Information Services Taylor Ridge Books
- 401 N. Washington Street P.O. Box 48
- Rockville, MD 20850-1785 Manchester, Ct. 06040
- (800) 638-9636 (203) 643-9673
- Online Services Cmanship 'C' programming
-
- Hayes Microcomputer Inc. US ROBOTICS INC.
- 705 Westech Drive 8100 No. McCormick Blvd.
- Norcross, GA 30092 Skokie, IL 60076
- (404) 662-7100 (800) 982-5151
- Modems - TeleCom Modems-BBS Sysop Program
-
- ICD Inc. Soft Logik
- 1220 Rock St. 11131F S. Towne Sq.
- Rockford, Il. 61101-1437 St Louis, MO 63123
- (815) 968-2228 (314) 894-8608
- Hardware Peripherals PageStream DTP Software
-
- Innovative Concepts (I.C.) Hybrid Arts Inc.
- 31172 Shawn Drive 8522 National Blvd.
- Warren, MI 48093 Los Angeles, CA 90232
- (313) 293-0730 (213) 841-0340
- Full Service Dealer Software for the Musician
-
- Mirrorsoft Ltd Supra Corp.
- 118 Southwark St. 1133 Commercial Way
- London, UK SEI OSW Albany, OR 97321
- 011-43-928-1454 (503) 967-9075
- UK Software Dev. Modems - Hard Drives
-
- GT Software Word Perfect Corp.
- 12114 Kirton Avenue 1555 Technology Way
- Cleveland OH 44135 Orem, UT 84057
- (216) 252-8255 (801) 222-5800
- Sofware Dev. Word Perfect wp
-
- Spectrum HoloByte STR Publishing Inc.
- 2061 Challenger Dr. PO Box 6672
- Alamedo, CA 94501 Jacksonville, FL 32205
- (415) 522-3584 (800) 562-4037
- Falcon F16 Software STReport Online Magazine
-
-
-
- ______________________________
-
-
-
-
- > Hard Disks STR InfoFile™ Affordable Mass Storage....
- =======================
-
-
-
-
- NEW LOW PRICES! & MORE MODELS!!
- ===============================
- HOLIDAY SPECIALS!
- ** EFFECTIVE IMMEDIATELY! **
-
-
- ABCO COMPUTER ELECTRONICS INC.
- P.O. Box 6672 Jacksonville, Florida 32236-6672
- Est. 1985
- _________________________________________
-
- Voice: 904-783-3319 10 AM - 4 PM EDT
- BBS: 904-786-4176 12-24-96 HST
- FAX: 904-783-3319 12 PM - 6 AM EDT
- _________________________________________
-
- HARD DISK SYSTEMS TO FIT EVERY BUDGET
- _____________________________________
-
- All systems are complete and ready to use, included at NO EXTRA COST
- are clock/calendar and cooling blower(s).
-
- *-ALL ABCO HARD DISK SYSTEMS ARE FULLY EXPANDABLE-*
- (you are NOT limited to two drives ONLY!)
- (all cables and connectors installed)
-
- * ICD HOST ADAPTERS USED EXCLUSIVELY * OMTI HIGH SPEED CONTROLLERS *
- * ICD ADSCSI+ HOST ADAPTERS * FULL SCSI COMMAND SET SUPPORTED *
- * SCSI EMBEDDED CONTROLLER MECHANISMS *
-
- Conventional Shoe Box
- Model Description Autopark Price
- ==================================================
- SGN3038 31Mb 28ms 3.5" Y 419.00
- SGN4951 51Mb 28ms 3.5" Y 519.00
- SGN6177 62Mb 24ms 3.5" Y 619.00
- SGN1096 85Mb 24ms 3.5" Y 649.00
- SGN6277 120Mb 24ms 3.5" Y 889.00
- SGN1296 168Mb 24ms 3.5" Y 1069.00
- SGN4077 230Mb 24ms 3.5" Y 1669.00
- ==================================================
-
- WE HAVE A COMPLETE LINE OF 3.5 LOW PROFILE HARD DRIVES
- for
- USE IN MEGA ST COMPUTERS AND RELATED CONFIGURATIONS.
-
- 20mb #AI020SC 379.95 30mb #AIO3OSC 419.95
- 50mb #AI050SC 449.95 65mb #AI065SC 499.95
- 85mb #AI085SC $559.95
- MEGA ST Internal Hard Drives
- CONNOR HIGH PERFORMANCE MECHANISMS
-
- >>> ALL ABCO DRIVES ARE HIGH SPEED UNITS <<<
- (500 - 600k per sec @ 16 - 33ms)
-
- CALL FOR SUPER SAVINGS ON ALL OUR OTHER CUSTOM UNITS
- FROM 30mb 28MS @ $419.00!
- Ask about our "REBATE SPECIALS"
-
- --==*==--
-
- SHIPPING AND INSURANCE INCLUDED IN COMPLETE UNIT PRICE!
-
- ============================================
-
- * SYQUEST 44MB (#555)>> ABCO "44" << REMOVABLE MEDIA DRIVE *
-
- - SYQUEST 44 MB DRIVE - ICD ST ADVANTAGE PLUS H/A
- - ICD Utility Software - 3' DMA Cable
- - Fan & Clock - Multi-Unit Power Supply
- (1) 44 MB Syquest Cart.
-
- COMPLETELY ASSEMBLED AND READY TO RUN!
- --->> SPECIAL NOW ONLY __$ 719.00__ <<---
- EXTRA CARTS: $ 79.50
- DRIVE MECH ONLY: $ 439.95
-
- *** SPECIAL SYQUEST OFFER!! BUY WITH A FRIEND! ***
- ORDER YOUR CUSTOM SYQUEST UNIT NOW AND GET A SECOND COMPLETE UNIT!
- ***** for $75.00 LESS! *****
-
- * TWIN SYQUEST 44MB REMOVABLE MEDIA DRIVES ... PROGRAMMER'S DELIGHT *
- SPECIALLY PRICED ** $1329.00 **
-
- * SYQUEST 44MB REMOVABLE MEDIA DRIVE AND HARD DRIVE COMBINATIONS *
- - Syquest 44 Model [555] and the following hard drives -
- 50mb SQG51 $ 939.00 30mb SQG38 $ 819.00
- 65mb SQG09 $ 969.00 85mb SQG96 $1059.00
-
- LOWBOY - STANDARD - DUAL BLOWER CABINETS
- CUSTOM CONFIGURATIONS AVAILABLE
- Listed above are a sampling of the systems available.
- Prices also reflect various cabinet/power supply configurations
- (over sixty configurations are available, flexibility is unlimited)
-
- *** ALL Units: Average Access Time: 24ms - 34ms ***
-
- ALL UNITS COMPATIBLE WITH --> SUPERCHARGER - AT/PC SPEED - GCR
- LARGER units are available - (special order only)
-
- *>> NO REPACKS OR REFURBS USED! <<*
-
- - Custom Walnut WOODEN Cabinets - TOWER - AT - XT Cabinets -
- * SLM 804 Replacement Toner Cartridge Kits $42.95 *
- Replacement Drums; CALL
- Keyboard Custom Cables Call for Info
- ALL POWER SUPPLIES UL APPROVED
-
- -* 12 month FULL Guarantee *-
- (A FULL YEAR of COVERAGE)
-
- QUANTITY & USERGROUP DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE!
- _________________________________________
-
- DEALERS and DISTRIBUTORS WANTED!
- please, call for details
-
- Personal and Company Checks are accepted.
-
- ORDER YOUR NEW UNIT TODAY!
-
- CALL: 1-800-562-4037 -=**=- CALL: 1-904-783-3319
- Customer Orders ONLY Customer Service
- 9am - 8pm EDT
- Tues thru Sat
-
-
-
-
-
-
- ____________________________________________________________
-
-
-
-
-
- > A "Quotable Quote"™
- =================
-
-
-
-
- "WE HAVE MET THE ENEMY AND HE IS US!"
-
- ...Tony "The Rug"
-
-
-
- A store room... is a store room... is a store room...
-
-
-
- """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
- STReport Online Magazine™
- Available through more than 10,000 Private BBS systems WorldWide!
- """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
- STReport™ "YOUR INDEPENDENT NEWS SOURCE" December 28, 1990
- 16/32bit Magazine copyright © 1990 No.6.52
- """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
- Views, Opinions and Articles Presented herein are not necessarily those of
- the editors, staff, STReport™ CPU/STR™ or ST Report™. Permission to
- reprint articles is hereby granted, unless otherwise noted. Each reprint
- must include the name of the publication, date, issue # and the author's
- name. The entire publication and/or portions therein may not be edited in
- any way without prior written permission. The contents, at the time of
- publication, are believed to be reasonably accurate. The editors,
- contributors and/or staff are not responsible for either the use/misuse
- of information contained herein or the results obtained therefrom.
- """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-
-