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TEXT_PROG0001.TXT
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2010-04-21
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Hello,my name is Carl Robinson and I am a keen user of STOS.I know
that there are quite a few of you out there who would like to learn
how to do a bit of programming yourselves but are maybe thinking that
it would be too difficult to learn.What I`d like to do is to try to
explain some of the basics of this language in a manner that the total
beginner will be able to follow.I shall do this in a series of
tutorials in Kelstar beginning right here.
I had intended to start earlier but my first draughts disappeared
somewhere in my disk collection and so I have had to start again.The main
emphasis on this section is to help anybody (hopefully) who want's to
program intro's/games.This tutorial will not make you the next Bitmap
Brothers though.So all I have to say now is that I hope you like it and
learn something.I don't know how long this section will run for it all
depend's on you.If you like it drop a letter to Kelstar I'm sure Bob
would love to hear from you.
***************************************************************************
BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO STOS Part 1
===============================
S.T.O.S
What is STOS I hear you say well it is a variation on basic which
is designed to help you make games/intro's.But in fact you can use
it to do anything you want I have coded copier's/doc readers and
a whole heap of other things with it which people say couldn't be
done in STOS so NAH to them.Right I hope you all have a copy of STOS
as without it this tutorial will be useless to you all.First up I
will explain extensions what they are and how to use them as they
now play a major part in STOS programming.
What is an extension ?
Well basically it is a upgrade for stos all of the best one's are
written by programmer's themselves as Mandarin produced some crap
one's in it's time STOS 3D/TOME.The best extensions out are
the Missing Link,Control,Misty,Extra.
You should be able to find a file called extensions on this disk
which has the P.D version's of two of these extensions in it.
You would be well advised to register these extensions as some of
the command's won't be available to you if you don't and these
people deserve some reward for all their hard work so if you are
serious about learning STOS then please register.
******************************************************************
The Misty and Missing Link registration's are handled by Goodman's
now so if you're going to register them then that's where the money
ought to go.
*******************************************************************
Right you should have de-archived the file extensions onto a disk
and read through the manual's if you have a printer the print the
files out as they come in very handy later on.
To install the extensions you must copy the files with the suffix
EX? into the STOS folder and the files with the suffix EC? into
the compiler folder.
Now boot up STOS and you should see some messages in the background
telling you that the extensions have been installed.Load up a few
of the examples and get used to basic listings.Try altering things
about don't worry though you can't damage your ST though you might
sometimes have to reboot STOS if you go to far with some of the commands
but that is half of the fun.
LISTINGS
========
In this section I will explain a few of the commands that you will
need to know.If you have a STOS manual then you won't need to read
this but for all you who got STOS from ST USER then this should
come in handy.
Right here we go.
Load "(filename.Bas)" - Load's up a bas file to work on
Save "(filename.Bas)" - Save's a file to disk
List - Lists the current program you are working on
Run - Run's our listing
New - Erases the listing in memory - Make sure you have saved it
first.
Unnew - In case you didn't save your file it could still be in memory
so try this and thing's should be ok.
System - Quits to gem
*******************************************************************
* VERY IMPORTANT ONE THIS *
* *
*CTRL-C - Stops the program currently being run. *
* It would be useful if you pressed the undo key twice *
* afterwards as this would reset the editor back to *
* normal. (Thanx for reminding me about this one bob) *
*******************************************************************
Well they are the main commands to do with the editor itself so now
onto a few basic command's which will be in our listing.You can just
enter these in the editor
Curs off/on - Guess what
Mode 0/1 - 0= Low Resolution : 1= Med Resolution
Hide/Show - Hides the mouse pointer
Key off/on - Get's rid of that stupid menu bar at the top
- of the editor.
Cls - A very slow screen clear,Later on you will be shown
- the fast version's but for now this one will
suffice.
Print "text" - There are a lot of different way's of using print
but for now we will use this one.
eg 10 Print "HELLO"
run
HELLO
Wait (value)/wait key - Guess.eg wait 100 waits for 100*50th's of a sec
Rem - Anything you put after a rem is ignored so they are very
handy for putting comments into your code.
End/Stop - Stops the program and returns to editor
Default - Set's up the editor in default mode so
say for example you took the menu bar
off and went in low res then if you
use default everything will go back
to normal.
New - Erases the current program in memory-ONLY use
it if you are 100% sure you don't want it.
Right that should be enough for now so we can start with a very
primitive program.All it will do is print Kelstar all the way down
the screen then wait for a key then stop.You will not find this
program on disk as it is very short so you will either have to
write it out or print it out and type it out yourself.
10 rem ****** Our very first program *********
20 rem ****** Prints Kelstar on the screen *****
30 mode 0:key off:hide:curs off
40 for I=0 to 10
50 print "KELSTAR"
60 next I
70 wait key :default:end
Now a break down of the abve program.
Right lines 10 and 20 are just comments for us to make more sense
out of our listings and they will be ignored by the interpreter.
Line 30. Mode 0 - means put is into Low res if we had put mode as 1 then
we would be in med res.Key off - get's rid of the menu bar.Hide - hide's
the mouse pointer.Curs off hides the cursor.
Line 40 - 60 is the main part.
We have set up a loop with the For/next lines.We will loop 10 times
as indicated by the value we put in I.We can make I any number we want.
Try changing it use negative as well as positive but if you want to go from
a high number to a low number eg 100 to 0 then add STEP -1 at the end of
line 40 eg For I=100 to 0 step -1.
Line 50 tells the computer to print the line Kelstar.We could have told
it where to print it but for now we will keep thing's simple.
Line 60 tells the computer that this is the end of the loop and we want to
go back to Line 40 unless I=10 then the loop stops.
Line 70 just wait's for a keyy then reset's the screen and places
the cursor and menu bar on the screen and then the program stop's.
And that is your first program I know it's not very exciting but it
does show a couple of important things.And for this first part I want
you to become familiar with STOS and to try out the examples on this disk
so you can get used to the various commands.Don't worry if you do know
what a command does as long as your disk is write protected you can't do
any damage at all so play about with them as much as you can.
Next time I will be showing you how to disply pictures and music and
learning how to use the compiler.
So we can make our very own intro.If you have any question's,tips of your
own then I would love to hear from you.If so then send them to Kelstar
and I'm sure Bob will pass them on.
**************************************************************************
STOSSER - DISKMAGS
I feel it worth mentioning that these are excellent diskmags for all STOS
users.They have tutorial's and loads of source code so if you can get
hold of them then do so.
***************************************************************************