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  1. From: owner-abolition-usa-digest@lists.xmission.com (abolition-usa-digest)
  2. To: abolition-usa-digest@lists.xmission.com
  3. Subject: abolition-usa-digest V1 #483
  4. Reply-To: abolition-usa-digest
  5. Sender: owner-abolition-usa-digest@lists.xmission.com
  6. Errors-To: owner-abolition-usa-digest@lists.xmission.com
  7. Precedence: bulk
  8.  
  9.  
  10. abolition-usa-digest     Monday, October 29 2001     Volume 01 : Number 483
  11.  
  12.  
  13.  
  14.  
  15. ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  16.  
  17. Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2001 17:59:19 -0400
  18. From: ASlater <aslater@gracelinks.org>
  19. Subject: (abolition-usa) Fwd: ALERT! HELP STOP PRO-NUKE, PRO ANWR ENERGY BILL!
  20.  
  21. >Date: Wed, 24 Oct 2001 10:18:33 -0400
  22. >From: michael mariotte <nirsnet@nirs.org>
  23. >Reply-To: nirsnet@nirs.org
  24. >Organization: NIRS
  25. >X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (Win98; U)
  26. >X-Accept-Language: en
  27. >To: nirsnet@nirs.org
  28. >Subject: ALERT! HELP STOP PRO-NUKE, PRO ANWR ENERGY BILL!
  29. >X-Loop-Detect: 1
  30. >
  31. >Energy industry interests in the U.S. Senate, led by former Energy
  32. >Committee Chairman Frank Murkowski (R-Alaska) are using our current
  33. >national security crisis as an immoral, repugnant means of propping up
  34. >the nuclear and oil industries.
  35. >
  36. >Specifically, Murkowski and a few other Senators reportedly have
  37. >introduced a "stripped-down" energy bill that they intend to attach to
  38. >any legislation moving through the Senate--no matter how important that
  39. >legislation is to our country.
  40. >
  41. >This "stripped-down" bill (we don't yet have a bill number) would
  42. >reauthorize the Price-Anderson nuclear insurance scheme (despite the
  43. >fact that it does not expire until next August, and is only needed to
  44. >allow construction of new reactors), allow oil drilling in the Arctic
  45. >National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), provide some gas pipeline incentives,
  46. >and provide a minimum of funds for renewable energy projects.
  47. >
  48. >This effort is in response to Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle's
  49. >refusal to bring up energy legislation that includes ANWR to the Senate
  50. >floor, and his directive to Senate Energy Committee chairman Jeff
  51. >Bingaman (D-N.M.) to develop a new bill Daschle can support sufficiently
  52. >to bring to a vote. Murkowski and his colleagues want to bypass Daschle
  53. >and get their own bill voted on, and they don't seem to care what kind
  54. >of harm they do to the nation to get this.
  55. >
  56. >We must respond NOW! However, responding is not as easy in these times
  57. >as it sometimes is.
  58. >
  59. >First, there is no guarantee Bingaman will produce a bill without
  60. >Price-Anderson reauthorization (it was in his initial draft). Thus, we
  61. >cannot simply support a Bingaman alternative.
  62. >
  63. >Second, as you probably know, it is virtually impossible to reach anyone
  64. >on Capitol Hill right now--most Senate and House offices remain closed
  65. >due to anthrax scares. It is simply not possible to effectively call,
  66. >e-mail, or fax anyone in the Senate, and letters absolutely will not be
  67. >delivered for weeks, if then.
  68. >
  69. >Thus, we must be more creative. First, contact your local media. Do they
  70. >know a small band of right-wing, pro-energy industry senators are
  71. >threatening to hold up the works of the entire U.S. Senate during this
  72. >crucial period in our history, simply to help their allies and campaign
  73. >contributors? Is this really the type of divisive, controversial
  74. >legislation the Senate should be considering right now? Or should the
  75. >Senate focus on appropriations bills and keeping the government running
  76. >in its few days before adjournment? Why does reauthorization of
  77. >Price-Anderson, which doesn't expire for many months, and even then is
  78. >only necessary for new reactors, rate such a high priority on these
  79. >senators' agendas?
  80. >
  81. >We urge you to call your local reporters and editorial boards, write
  82. >letters to the editor and op-eds, call in to radio talk shows, contact
  83. >your local TV outlets. The more this story is told, the less likely
  84. >Murkowski et al, will be successful. Please feel free to refer your
  85. >media to NIRS for additional comment/background info if they would like
  86. >it.
  87. >
  88. >Second, please call your Senators' home offices--since you can't call
  89. >them on Capitol Hill, call them at home, and urge them to oppose
  90. >minority efforts to add controversial energy legislation--especially
  91. >Price-Anderson and ANWR--to urgent bills. Tell them to choose a
  92. >SUSTAINABLE energy future. Tell them you have contacted your local media
  93. >to watch their actions. Your Senators' local offices should be listed in
  94. >the blue (government) pages of your phone book; if you cannot find a
  95. >number, call NIRS (202-328-0002).
  96. >
  97. >Third, ask everyone you know and everyone you meet to do steps 1 and 2!
  98. >
  99. >Finally, continue to gather signatures on NIRS' Petition for a
  100. >Sustainable Energy Future. We have collected many thousands of
  101. >signatures in just a few weeks, but we need to get more. If you need
  102. >more copies, you can a) download from NIRS' website, in the Nuclear
  103. >Relapse section (www.nirs.org); b) call NIRS (202-328-0002) and we will
  104. >either fax or mail you copies. We will get these to the Senate before
  105. >any vote occurs.
  106. >
  107. >The actions of these few Senators are as opportunistic and disgusting as
  108. >I have seen in my 17 years at NIRS. But these Senators have some less
  109. >vocal allies. With some major national environmental groups still
  110. >sitting on the sidelines after September 11, it's up to us to stop this
  111. >in its tracks. The nuclear and oil industries are not grieving, they are
  112. >pressing hard for their own interests. We CAN stop them! I really ask
  113. >each of you to help.
  114. >
  115. >Thank you.
  116. >
  117. >Michael Mariotte
  118. >Executive Director
  119. >Nuclear Information and Resource Service
  120. >www.nirs.org
  121. >  
  122.  
  123. - -
  124.  To unsubscribe to abolition-usa, send an email to "majordomo@xmission.com"
  125.  with "unsubscribe abolition-usa" in the body of the message.
  126.  For information on digests or retrieving files and old messages send
  127.  "help" to the same address.  Do not use quotes in your message.
  128.  
  129. ------------------------------
  130.  
  131. Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2001 23:34:09 -0700
  132. From: marylia@earthlink.net (marylia)
  133. Subject: (abolition-usa) NEW items on Tri-Valley CAREs' web site
  134.  
  135. Dear colleagues:
  136.  
  137. There is new and interesting ***stuff*** posted on Tri-Valley CAREs' web
  138. site. Go to http://www.igc.org and you will find --
  139.  
  140. Tri-Valley CAREs' October newsletter, Citizen's Watch, with:
  141.  
  142.         * Barbara Lee's Courage and Leadership
  143.  
  144.         * May the Families be Heard (pleas for reason, justice and
  145. nonviolence from families of the victims of the September 11 terrorist
  146. attacks)
  147.  
  148.         * Around the World, Lift Every Voice (statements calling for peace)
  149.  
  150.         * Evaluating our Work in the Aftermath
  151.  
  152.         * Not Ruled Out (on the possible use of nuclear weapons)
  153.  
  154.         * Vigil, Calendar, Make Livermore a "Hate-Free Community," MORE!
  155.  
  156. Tri-Valley CAREs' September newsletter, Citizen's Watch, including:
  157.  
  158.         * New Billboard Takes Aim at National Ignition Facility, Urges
  159. Scientists and Engineers to                     Leave the Project
  160.  
  161.         * Radioactive Waste Coming to Your Home
  162.  
  163.         * Livermore Lab Security
  164.  
  165.         * Our SWOT Team Makes Annual Plans
  166.  
  167.         * Action Alerts, Calendar, MORE!
  168.  
  169. You will find these items conveniently located on the "front page" of our
  170. web site on the left hand side of your screen.
  171.  
  172. While you are there, don't forget to play "Thwartnuke 1.0," our
  173. anti-nuclear video game (playable on PC only, not Mac -- at least not yet).
  174. You may also want to browse through our recent press releases and other
  175. materials.
  176.  
  177. Peace,
  178.  
  179. Marylia
  180.  
  181. Marylia Kelley
  182. Tri-Valley CAREs
  183. (Communities Against a Radioactive Environment)
  184. 2582 Old First Street
  185. Livermore, CA USA 94550
  186.  
  187. <http://www.igc.org/tvc/> - is our web site, please visit us there!
  188.  
  189. (925) 443-7148 - is our phone
  190. (925) 443-0177 - is our fax
  191.  
  192. Working for peace, justice and a healthy environment since 1983, Tri-Valley
  193. CAREs has been a member of the nation-wide Alliance for Nuclear
  194. Accountability in the U.S. since 1989, and is a co-founding member of the
  195. Abolition 2000 global network for the elimination of nuclear weapons, the
  196. U.S. Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons and the Back From the Brink
  197. campaign to get nuclear weapons taken off hair-trigger alert.
  198.  
  199.  
  200.  
  201. - -
  202.  To unsubscribe to abolition-usa, send an email to "majordomo@xmission.com"
  203.  with "unsubscribe abolition-usa" in the body of the message.
  204.  For information on digests or retrieving files and old messages send
  205.  "help" to the same address.  Do not use quotes in your message.
  206.  
  207. ------------------------------
  208.  
  209. Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2001 23:43:17 -0700
  210. From: marylia@earthlink.net (marylia)
  211. Subject: (abolition-usa) CORRECT ADDRESS for Tri-Valley CAREs' web site
  212.  
  213. OOPS -- THE COMPLETE AND CORRECT ADDRESS IS http://www.igc.org/tvc
  214.  
  215. Dear colleagues:
  216.  
  217. There is new and interesting ***stuff*** posted on Tri-Valley CAREs' web
  218. site. Go to http://www.igc.org/tvc (sorry my prior email had an incomplete
  219. address -- this is correct!) and you will find --
  220.  
  221. Tri-Valley CAREs' October newsletter, Citizen's Watch, with:
  222.  
  223.         * Barbara Lee's Courage and Leadership
  224.  
  225.         * May the Families be Heard (pleas for reason, justice and
  226. nonviolence from families of the victims of the September 11 terrorist
  227. attacks)
  228.  
  229.         * Around the World, Lift Every Voice (statements calling for peace)
  230.  
  231.         * Evaluating our Work in the Aftermath
  232.  
  233.         * Not Ruled Out (on the possible use of nuclear weapons)
  234.  
  235.         * Vigil, Calendar, Make Livermore a "Hate-Free Community," MORE!
  236.  
  237. Tri-Valley CAREs' September newsletter, Citizen's Watch, including:
  238.  
  239.         * New Billboard Takes Aim at National Ignition Facility, Urges
  240. Scientists and Engineers to                     Leave the Project
  241.  
  242.         * Radioactive Waste Coming to Your Home
  243.  
  244.         * Livermore Lab Security
  245.  
  246.         * Our SWOT Team Makes Annual Plans
  247.  
  248.         * Action Alerts, Calendar, MORE!
  249.  
  250. You will find these items conveniently located on the "front page" of our
  251. web site on the left hand side of your screen.
  252.  
  253. While you are there, don't forget to play "Thwartnuke 1.0," our
  254. anti-nuclear video game (playable on PC only, not Mac -- at least not yet).
  255. You may also want to browse through our recent press releases and other
  256. materials.
  257.  
  258. Peace,
  259.  
  260. Marylia
  261.  
  262. Marylia Kelley
  263. Tri-Valley CAREs
  264. (Communities Against a Radioactive Environment)
  265. 2582 Old First Street
  266. Livermore, CA USA 94550
  267.  
  268. <http://www.igc.org/tvc/> - is our web site, please visit us there!
  269.  
  270. (925) 443-7148 - is our phone
  271. (925) 443-0177 - is our fax
  272.  
  273. Working for peace, justice and a healthy environment since 1983, Tri-Valley
  274. CAREs has been a member of the nation-wide Alliance for Nuclear
  275. Accountability in the U.S. since 1989, and is a co-founding member of the
  276. Abolition 2000 global network for the elimination of nuclear weapons, the
  277. U.S. Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons and the Back From the Brink
  278. campaign to get nuclear weapons taken off hair-trigger alert.
  279.  
  280.  
  281.  
  282. - -
  283.  To unsubscribe to abolition-usa, send an email to "majordomo@xmission.com"
  284.  with "unsubscribe abolition-usa" in the body of the message.
  285.  For information on digests or retrieving files and old messages send
  286.  "help" to the same address.  Do not use quotes in your message.
  287.  
  288. ------------------------------
  289.  
  290. Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2001 09:39:07 +0100
  291. From: Sally Light <sallight1@earthlink.net>
  292. Subject: (abolition-usa) Re: [abolition-caucus] COMMUNIQUE
  293.  
  294. - --------------9DDF40DF0D251642C449286B
  295. Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
  296. Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
  297.  
  298. Dear ACDN,
  299.  
  300. I wish him the best in running for the presidency.  He is a most
  301. impressive
  302. candidate.
  303.  
  304. In peace & solidarity,
  305.  
  306. Sally Light
  307. Executive Director
  308. Nevada Desert Experience
  309.  
  310. "ACDN.FRANCE" wrote:
  311.  
  312. >
  313. >
  314. >
  315. >                    Yahoo! Groups Sponsor
  316.                         ADVERTISEMENT
  317.  
  318.  
  319. >
  320. > To subscribe to the Abolition Global Caucus, send an email from the
  321. > account you wish to be subscribed to:
  322. > "abolition-caucus-subscribe@egroups.com"
  323. >
  324. >
  325. > Do not include a subject line or any text in the body of the message.
  326. >
  327. > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service.
  328.  
  329. - --------------9DDF40DF0D251642C449286B
  330. Content-Type: multipart/related;
  331.  boundary="------------3CFAD276F9E489FCDDFC08DE"
  332.  
  333.  
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  336. Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
  337.  
  338. <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
  339. <html>
  340. <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
  341. Dear ACDN,
  342. <p>I wish him the best in running for the presidency.  He is a most
  343. impressive
  344. <br>candidate.
  345. <p>In peace & solidarity,
  346. <p>Sally Light
  347. <br>Executive Director
  348. <br>Nevada Desert Experience
  349. <p>"ACDN.FRANCE" wrote:
  350. <blockquote TYPE=CITE><style></style>
  351.  
  352. <p><br><!-- |**|begin egp html banner|**| -->
  353. <table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=2 >
  354. <tr BGCOLOR="#FFFFCC">
  355. <td ALIGN=CENTER><b><font color="#003399"><font size=-1>Yahoo! Groups Sponsor</font></font></b></td>
  356. </tr>
  357.  
  358. <tr BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
  359. <td ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="470">
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  361. <tr>
  362. <td ALIGN=CENTER><font face="arial"><font size=-2>ADVERTISEMENT</font></font>
  363. <br><a href="http://rd.yahoo.com/M=213858.1650662.3186813.1261774/D=egroupweb/S=1705059835:HM/A=763352/R=0/*http://www.classmates.com/index.tf?s=5085" target="_top"><img SRC="cid:part1.3BDA72A9.72C27946@earthlink.net" ALT="" BORDER=0 height=250 width=300></a></td>
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  366. </td>
  367. </tr>
  368.  
  369. <tr>
  370. <td><img SRC="cid:part2.3BDA72A9.72C27946@earthlink.net" ALT="" height=1 width=1></td>
  371. </tr>
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  374. <br><tt>To subscribe to the Abolition Global Caucus, send an email from
  375. the account you wish to be subscribed to: "abolition-caucus-subscribe@egroups.com"</tt>
  376. <br> 
  377. <p><tt>Do not include a subject line or any text in the body of the message.</tt>
  378. <p><tt>Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the <a href="http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/">Yahoo!
  379. Terms of Service</a>.</tt></blockquote>
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  626.  
  627. ------------------------------
  628.  
  629. Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2001 13:33:43 -0500
  630. From: ASlater <aslater@gracelinks.org>
  631. Subject: (abolition-usa) IAEA Baloney
  632.  
  633. ***************
  634. 1 UN: Nuclear Power Alternative to Fossil Fuels,
  635. IAEA Director Informs
  636. General Assembly; Following Introduction of
  637. Agency's Annual Report,
  638. Most Speakers Express Support for
  639. Non-Proliferation, Additional Npt
  640. Protocols -- Part 1 of 2
  641.  
  642. M2 Communications ( October 23, 2001 )
  643.  
  644. As global energy demand increased, along with a
  645. growing awareness
  646. of the need for sustainable development, nuclear
  647. power was the
  648. alternative to fossil fuels the Director-General
  649. of the
  650. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) told the
  651. General
  652. Assembly this afternoon as it took up the Agency's
  653. annual report
  654. for the year 2000. The environmental consequences
  655. of burning
  656. fossil fuels had come to light, Mohamed Elbaradei
  657. continued as he
  658. introduced the report. At present, nuclear power
  659. supplied about
  660. one-sixth of global electricity. In the
  661. foreseeable future, it
  662. could provide electricity on a large scale with
  663. practically no
  664. greenhouse gas emissions. Views on the future of
  665. nuclear power,
  666. however, were still mixed because of safety and
  667. non-proliferation
  668. concerns. Still, he pointed out, a major portion
  669. of the Agency's
  670. work focused on other diverse applications for
  671. nuclear energy,
  672. including human health, water management,
  673. improving agricultural
  674. yields and protecting the environment.
  675.  
  676.       India's representative said there was no
  677. alternative to
  678. large-scale use of nuclear energy as a
  679. prerequisite for economic
  680. development if the global community were to bridge
  681. the energy
  682. divide. As nuclear power played an increasing role
  683. in meeting the
  684. world's energy needs, remaining concerns about
  685. nuclear-power
  686. generation must be eliminated. The solutions were
  687. technological,
  688. not only to address economical generation of
  689. nuclear power but
  690. also in questions of safety, sustainability,
  691. proliferation
  692. resistance and long-term waste management.
  693.  
  694.       Speaking on behalf of the European Union and
  695. associated
  696. States, Belgium's representative said the report
  697. indicated
  698. continued improvement in the area of nuclear
  699. safety as a result
  700. of the IAEA's initiatives. The Union would support
  701. the Technical
  702. Cooperation Programme with improved effectiveness
  703. for both
  704. recipients and donors. The Agency's rigour in
  705. assessing and
  706. selecting only those projects that met a range of
  707. precise
  708. criteria was commendable.
  709.  
  710.       Russia's representative said that ensuring
  711. cooperation in
  712. the peaceful use of atomic energy was a key role
  713. for the IAEA. He
  714. called for the launch of an international project
  715. on innovative
  716. nuclear reactors and nuclear fuel cycles, aimed at
  717. developing
  718. coordinated criteria for selecting new-generation
  719. technologies of
  720. promise. He said that would promote sustainable
  721. development,
  722. nuclear non-proliferation and environmental
  723. security.
  724.  
  725.       A number of speakers, notably the
  726. representatives of Japan
  727. and Australia, called on the Democratic People's
  728. Republic of
  729. Korea to live up to its international obligations
  730. with regard to
  731. nuclear power.
  732.  
  733.       Also speaking this afternoon were the
  734. representatives of
  735. Pakistan, Slovakia, Cuba, Egypt, Peru, Republic of
  736. Korea, Brazil
  737. and Argentina (in a joint statement), Czech
  738. Republic, Mexico,
  739. United States, Belarus and Ukraine.
  740.  
  741.       The representatives of Iraq and the
  742. Democratic People's
  743. Republic of Korea spoke in exercise of the right
  744. of reply.
  745.  
  746.       The Assembly will meet again at 10 a.m. on
  747. Friday, 26
  748. October, when it is expected to elect members of
  749. the Economic and
  750. Social Council.
  751.  
  752.       Background
  753.  
  754.       The Assembly met this afternoon to take up
  755. the annual
  756. report of the International Atomic Energy Agency
  757. (IAEA). The
  758. forty-fifth annual report of the IAEA for the
  759. calendar year 2000
  760. (document A/56/313) is transmitted by a note of
  761. the
  762. Secretary-General affirming that the Agency's
  763. Director-General
  764. would report to the Assembly on major developments
  765. since the
  766. reporting period.
  767.  
  768.       The report itself recalls the goals set out
  769. as priorities
  770. in the Millennium Declaration and in which the
  771. Agency played a
  772. role. Those included peace, security and
  773. disarmament, development
  774. and the eradication of poverty, and protection of
  775. the
  776. environment. The Agency's work rests on the three
  777. "pillars" of
  778. technology, safety and verification for the
  779. purpose of catalyzing
  780. development and transferring peaceful nuclear
  781. technologies,
  782. building and maintaining a global nuclear safety
  783. regime, and
  784. preventing weapons proliferation.
  785.  
  786.       Technology
  787.  
  788.       The report states there were 438 operating
  789. nuclear-power
  790. reactors worldwide at the end of 2000. Over 30
  791. countries were
  792. using nuclear power to produce electricity and six
  793. new power
  794. reactors had come on line. While no new plants
  795. were built in
  796. North America or Western Europe, the economics of
  797. existing
  798. nuclear-power plants had improved. Initiatives on
  799. nuclear fuel
  800. cycle and radioactive waste management included a
  801. symposium on
  802. uranium mining activities (Vienna, October). It
  803. was decided that
  804. public acceptance and confidence in solutions were
  805. critical with
  806. waste management. Investigations also continued
  807. into new energy
  808. production technologies reducing actinide
  809. generation and focusing
  810. on long-lived waste transmutation.
  811.  
  812.       Global climate change was another focus of
  813. technological
  814. activities for the agency in 2000, the report
  815. states. With the
  816. development and field testing of "Indicators for
  817. Sustainable
  818. Development", future prospects for energy
  819. technology depended
  820. increasingly on sustainability issues and not just
  821. economics or
  822. environmental impact. Some 25 projects were under
  823. development
  824. worldwide to devise innovative approaches for
  825. creating reactor
  826. types and fuel cycle designs that offered enhanced
  827. safety
  828. features and were proliferation resistant and
  829. economically
  830. competitive.
  831.  
  832.       Maintaining knowledge and expertise in the
  833. field had become
  834. of concern, the report continues. Most countries
  835. with advanced
  836. nuclear programmes reported decreased interest in
  837. the nuclear
  838. field, possibly due to a perception that the field
  839. offered poor
  840. career prospects. The Agency's remedial activities
  841. included
  842. coordinating cooperative training activities. It
  843. also focused on
  844. applying nuclear science in projects using
  845. radiation and isotope
  846. techniques to produce food, fight disease, manage
  847. water and
  848. protect the environment. Finally, the Agency
  849. focused on
  850. technology transfer and the critical need for
  851. freshwater
  852. management through isotope hydrology, to avert the
  853. severe
  854. shortage expected to affect two-thirds of the
  855. world population by
  856. the year 2025.
  857.  
  858.       Safety
  859.  
  860.       The report states that nuclear safety
  861. increased over the
  862. year in Central and Eastern Europe and in the
  863. former Soviet Union
  864. as the Agency continued to provide nuclear safety
  865. review services
  866. and assistance to them and others. The Agency had
  867. also
  868. strengthened safety-related activities in response
  869. to concerns,
  870. including safety implications of decisions by
  871. Germany, Lithuania
  872. and Ukraine to close nuclear-power plants earlier
  873. than expected.
  874. The ageing of research nuclear reactors was also
  875. of concern.
  876.  
  877.       Beyond those two areas, the Agency reports
  878. on its
  879. activities regarding nuclear safety standards.
  880. That involves
  881. safety issues specific to other fuel cycle
  882. facilities, assistance
  883. to upgrade national radiation and waste safety
  884. infrastructures,
  885. and environmental assessments of radioactive
  886. residual materials,
  887. including a report to the General Assembly on
  888. radiological
  889. consequences of the Chernobyl accident. The Agency
  890. maintained
  891. international focus on safe management and
  892. transport of
  893. radioactive wastes and requested the Secretariat
  894. to develop
  895. internationally agreed radiological criteria for
  896. long-lived
  897. radionuclides in commodities, particularly
  898. foodstuffs and foods.
  899.  
  900.       Verification
  901.  
  902.       The year's seminal event in
  903. non-proliferation and
  904. disarmament was the May Review Conference of the
  905. 187 States
  906. Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of
  907. Nuclear Weapons
  908. (NPT). The final document reviewed the
  909. implementation and
  910. operation of the NPT from 1995 to 2000, outlining
  911. a framework for
  912. the next five years. To overcome a perceived
  913. stalemate in
  914. international arms control, States established
  915. objectives to
  916. stimulate implementation of the NPT, including
  917. practical steps
  918. for non-proliferation, nuclear disarmament,
  919. safeguards and export
  920. controls, peaceful nuclear cooperation, adherence
  921. and review. The
  922. Conference agreed to increase the transparency of
  923. nuclear-weapon
  924. States and to diminish the call for nuclear
  925. weapons in security
  926. policies.
  927.  
  928.       On related fronts, the report states the
  929. Agency had 224
  930. safeguards agreements with 140 States as of 31
  931. December 2000,
  932. affecting over 900 facilities. The Review
  933. Conference received the
  934. Agency's verification activities favourably, but
  935. the Secretariat
  936. developed a new action plan focused on cooperation
  937. between Member
  938. States to counteract the disappointing progress in
  939. adherence to
  940. safeguards agreements and protocols. States such
  941. as Peru, Japan,
  942. Kazakhstan and New Zealand developed activities
  943. with the Agency
  944. but there was little progress in establishing a
  945. nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East.
  946.  
  947.       Other verification highlights were the
  948. integration of
  949. traditional measures with strengthening measures,
  950. remote
  951. monitoring and the signing by the United States
  952. and Russia of a
  953. bilateral "Plutonium Management and Disposition
  954. Agreement"
  955. committing each party to withdrawing 34 tons of
  956. weapons-grade
  957. plutonium from weapons programmes. Work also
  958. continued on
  959. physical protection of nuclear material, including
  960. the combat of
  961. illicit trafficking through a programme of
  962. information exchange,
  963. assistance to regulatory bodies and training.
  964.  
  965.       Outreach and Management Activities
  966.  
  967.       During 2000, the Agency continued to engage
  968. both
  969. traditional and non-traditional partners. A
  970. January forum with
  971. representatives from the nuclear industry had
  972. reached broad
  973. consensus on the need to intensify efforts related
  974. to safety,
  975. innovation and public confidence. Public awareness
  976. activities
  977. were undertaken as senior management reached out
  978. to a wider
  979. audience in civil society, including the arms
  980. control, academic
  981. and think-tank communities. In the area of
  982. management, the main
  983. development was the convening of the Agency's
  984. fourth Senior
  985. Management Conference in January. It formalized
  986. the practical
  987. details of introducing a results-based approach to
  988. programming
  989. and budgeting. It also strengthened and extended
  990. the
  991. Secretariat's review of administrative practices.
  992.  
  993.       The report concludes that in its role of
  994. helping to achieve
  995. the global objectives of freedom from fear and
  996. want, the Agency
  997. had reinforced several of its mission principles
  998. during 2000. It
  999. had assisted developing countries to improve
  1000. scientific,
  1001. technological and regulatory capabilities. It had
  1002. promoted a
  1003. global safety culture and through its safeguards,
  1004. had helped
  1005. extend the non-proliferation regime and the
  1006. environment conducive
  1007. to nuclear disarmament and cooperation.
  1008.  
  1009.       MOHAMED ELBARADEI, Director-General of the
  1010. International
  1011. Atomic Energy Agency, said the main functions of
  1012. the Agency were
  1013. to bring about the development and transfer of
  1014. peaceful nuclear
  1015. technologies; to build and maintain a global
  1016. nuclear safety
  1017. regime; and to prevent the proliferation of
  1018. nuclear weapons and
  1019. ensure the security of nuclear material and
  1020. facilities. The
  1021. Agency had been at the forefront in efforts to
  1022. protect against
  1023. nuclear terrorism. It had encouraged States to
  1024. make security an
  1025. integral part of the management of their overall
  1026. nuclear
  1027. programmes.
  1028.  
  1029.       In addition, he said it was involved in
  1030. programmes to
  1031. ensure physical security, to help and respond to
  1032. illicit
  1033. trafficking of nuclear material and other
  1034. radioactive sources; to
  1035. promote the safety of nuclear facilities; to
  1036. safeguard nuclear
  1037. material against non-peaceful uses; and to respond
  1038. to
  1039. emergencies. In those areas, the Agency developed
  1040. legal norms and
  1041. guidelines, promoted international cooperation,
  1042. provided expert
  1043. advice, training and equipment and provided
  1044. varying degrees of
  1045. oversight.
  1046.  
  1047.       Concerning nuclear technology, he covered
  1048. issues including
  1049. nuclear power and non-power nuclear applications.
  1050.  
  1051.       He said that the rapid expansion in global
  1052. energy demand --
  1053. and the growing awareness of the need for
  1054. sustainable development
  1055. - -- had put increasing focus on the environmental
  1056. consequences of
  1057. burning fossil fuels. Nuclear power, which
  1058. currently supplied
  1059. about one-sixth of global electricity, was the
  1060. principal
  1061. alternative that could in the foreseeable future
  1062. provide
  1063. electricity on a large scale with practically no
  1064. greenhouse gas
  1065. emissions. Views on the future of nuclear power,
  1066. however, were
  1067. still mixed because of safety and
  1068. non-proliferation concerns. For
  1069. example, the United States' new energy policy gave
  1070. an explicit
  1071. endorsement to nuclear expansion, whereas Germany
  1072. had concluded
  1073. an agreement with the industry to phase out
  1074. nuclear power. He
  1075. also emphasized that a major portion of the
  1076. Agency's work was
  1077. focused on applications other than electricity
  1078. generation, such
  1079. as in the area of human health, water management,
  1080. the improvement
  1081. of agricultural yields and in environmental
  1082. protection.
  1083.  
  1084.       On nuclear safety, he said that while safety
  1085. was primarily
  1086. a national responsibility, it was equally a
  1087. legitimate
  1088. international concern. Nuclear safety, like
  1089. environmental
  1090. practices, had implications that transcended
  1091. national boundaries.
  1092. In that context, he mentioned the establishment of
  1093. international
  1094. safety standards, safety in the management and
  1095. disposal of spent
  1096. fuel and radioactive waste, the Common Forum on
  1097. Chernobyl, the
  1098. assessment of the effects of depleted uranium and
  1099. other
  1100. challenges in nuclear safety.
  1101.  
  1102.       He stressed that the Agency's verification
  1103. activities were
  1104. designed to provide assurance that nuclear
  1105. material and
  1106. facilities were used exclusively for peaceful
  1107. purposes. The
  1108. Agency had been given broader authority by the
  1109. international
  1110. community to strengthen its verification ability
  1111. as a result of
  1112. the discovery of clandestine nuclear-weapons
  1113. programmes in Iraq.
  1114. For nearly three years, the Agency had not been in
  1115. a position to
  1116. implement its mandate in Iraq under United Nations
  1117. Security
  1118. Council resolution 687. As a result, it could not
  1119. provide any
  1120. assurance that Iraq was in compliance with its
  1121. obligations.
  1122.  
  1123.       Since 1993, he said, the Agency had also
  1124. been unable to
  1125. fully implement its NPT safeguards agreement with
  1126. the Democratic
  1127. People's Republic of Korea. He called upon that
  1128. country to
  1129. normalize its relations with the Agency, including
  1130. of its
  1131. membership. That would not only make for better
  1132. interaction in
  1133. the verification field, but would also enable the
  1134. Agency to
  1135. provide important safety advice and expertise
  1136. related to the
  1137. ongoing light-water reactor project. He also
  1138. referred to the
  1139. application of Agency safeguards in the Middle
  1140. East, progress on
  1141. trilateral and nuclear disarmament efforts, and
  1142. general
  1143. challenges in nuclear verification.
  1144.  
  1145.       B. S. PRAKASH (India) said that many
  1146. industrialized
  1147. countries with nuclear-power capabilities were
  1148. witnessing
  1149. electricity demand saturation, while many
  1150. developing countries
  1151. were unable to access nuclear power. In sharp
  1152. contrast to that
  1153. global scenario, the situation in some Asian
  1154. countries,
  1155. especially India, was vastly different. In those
  1156. countries, there
  1157. was a growing energy demand matched by significant
  1158. industrialization already in place. Those Asian
  1159. nations had
  1160. acquired the necessary capability to pursue
  1161. nuclear-power
  1162. technology to meet their energy needs. If the
  1163. global community
  1164. wished to bridge the energy divide to its maximum
  1165. extent, there
  1166. was no alternative to large-scale utilization of
  1167. nuclear energy
  1168. as a prerequisite for economic development
  1169.  
  1170.       As nuclear power played an increasingly
  1171. important role in
  1172. meeting the world's energy needs, it was
  1173. imperative to eliminate
  1174. the remaining concerns about nuclear-power
  1175. generation, he
  1176. continued. Technological solutions were needed,
  1177. not only to
  1178. address economical generation of nuclear power but
  1179. also the
  1180. question of safety, sustainability, proliferation
  1181. resistance and
  1182. long-term waste management.
  1183.  
  1184.       There were currently several technological
  1185. solutions which
  1186. would simultaneously address all those issues. The
  1187. IAEA's plan to
  1188. launch the International Project on Innovative
  1189. Nuclear Reactors
  1190. and Fuel Cycles was worthy of strong support. Such
  1191. programmes
  1192. would contribute to greater nuclear-power
  1193. generation and enhance
  1194. safety worldwide with no fear of proliferation. He
  1195. strongly
  1196. recommended better budgetary support to such
  1197. programmes, which
  1198. simultaneously addressed the long-term objectives
  1199. of IAEA
  1200. programmes in nuclear energy, nuclear safety and
  1201. safeguards.
  1202.  
  1203.       India was alert to the dangers of illicit
  1204. trafficking in
  1205. nuclear materials and other radioactive sources,
  1206. especially since
  1207. the terrorist strikes of 11 September, he said.
  1208. Events since then
  1209. had underlined the need for the international
  1210. community to pool
  1211. its efforts to counter the menace of global
  1212. terrorism. He
  1213. appreciated the efforts made by the IAEA for the
  1214. past several
  1215. years in cooperating with other States to prevent
  1216. and combat
  1217. illicit nuclear trafficking. His country had an
  1218. elaborate
  1219. domestic system adhering to the standards of
  1220. physical protection
  1221. recommended by the Agency, and had put in place a
  1222. stringent
  1223. system of export controls to rule out the illicit
  1224. diversion of
  1225. material, equipment or technology in the nuclear
  1226. field.
  1227.  
  1228.       SHAMSHAD AHMAD (Pakistan) said that the
  1229. world population
  1230. had surpassed the six billion mark, yet one-third
  1231. of that number,
  1232. two billion people, lacked access to electricity.
  1233.  
  1234.       Energy demand could not be met by fossil
  1235. fuels alone since
  1236. that would impose an unacceptable burden on the
  1237. environment.
  1238.  
  1239.       The massive development of hydro-power was
  1240. one option. The
  1241. only other proven and sustainable option was the
  1242. use of nuclear
  1243. energy. Opposition to nuclear power, despite its
  1244. good safety
  1245. record and environment-friendly character, was
  1246. based on
  1247. misunderstandings or else was a deliberate pretext
  1248. to deny the
  1249. technology to developing countries. Pakistan was
  1250. keen to make
  1251. increasingly large use of nuclear power to meet
  1252. its future
  1253. electricity requirements. In order to diversify
  1254. the country's
  1255. power generation system and reduce its dependence
  1256. on energy
  1257. imports, increasing utilization of nuclear power
  1258. was a desirable
  1259. option for Pakistan.
  1260.  
  1261.       A high-profile "safety culture" was an
  1262. indispensable
  1263. component of any successful nuclear-power
  1264. programme. He added
  1265. that the IAEA was playing an important role in
  1266. safety-related
  1267. issues. To ensure requisite safety controls, his
  1268. Government had,
  1269. earlier this year, set up the Pakistan Nuclear
  1270. Regulatory
  1271. Authority, which had been given the responsibility
  1272. for
  1273. controlling, regulating and supervising all
  1274. matters related to
  1275. nuclear safety and radiation protection. It was
  1276. important that
  1277. safety-related technical cooperation be
  1278. strengthened amongst all
  1279. IAEA member countries. He hoped that the IAEA
  1280. would play a more
  1281. proactive role in convincing the advanced
  1282. countries of the need
  1283. for liberal transfer of safety-related technology
  1284. and equipment
  1285. to developing countries.
  1286.  
  1287.       Pakistan had always emphasized the need and
  1288. importance of
  1289. the IAEA's safeguards, he said. By enacting
  1290. legislation for
  1291. effective nuclear export controls last year and
  1292. acceding to the
  1293. International Convention on Physical Protection of
  1294. Nuclear
  1295. Materials, Pakistan had clearly demonstrated its
  1296. resolve to carry
  1297. out its obligations and responsibility in that
  1298. regard. He
  1299. stressed that Pakistan's track record in adhering
  1300. to IAEA
  1301. safeguards had been immaculate. He concluded by
  1302. saying that while
  1303. the Agency's positive role in promoting technical
  1304. cooperation was
  1305. acknowledged, it was important for IAEA's
  1306. credibility to promote
  1307. peaceful uses of the atom and maintain focus on
  1308. its technical
  1309. promotional character. He expected the Agency to
  1310. follow a
  1311. balanced and non-discriminatory approach in
  1312. providing access to
  1313. nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, particularly
  1314. to developing
  1315. States.
  1316.  
  1317.       STEPHANE DE LOECKER (Belgium), speaking on
  1318. behalf of the
  1319. European Union and associated States, said he was
  1320. well aware of
  1321. the difficult financial context in which the
  1322. Agency needed to
  1323. carry out its important tasks. If was of concern
  1324. that many States
  1325. were failing to pay their contributions to the
  1326. regular budget.
  1327. The Agency's initiatives to adapt by maximizing
  1328. effectiveness
  1329. were bound to bear fruit. The European Union
  1330. considered it a
  1331. priority for the Agency to limit the number of
  1332. projects it
  1333. undertook, on the "less but better" principle.
  1334.  
  1335.       Also important was to achieve the
  1336. flexibility to transfer
  1337. resources between sectoral programmes when needed,
  1338. and to focus
  1339. on activities with the greatest potential impact.
  1340. All the
  1341. Agency's tasks were important and useful, but
  1342. particular
  1343. attention should be given to the guarantee
  1344. programme, which gave
  1345. absolute assurance that nuclear activities and
  1346. cooperation could
  1347. not be diverted from exclusively peaceful
  1348. applications.
  1349.  
  1350.       In that context, he continued, another
  1351. concern was the
  1352. growing imbalance between expenditures on
  1353. statutory activities
  1354. related to the non-proliferation guarantee, and
  1355. the resources
  1356. Members were willing to allocate for that purpose
  1357. as part of the
  1358. regular budget. States should remember that the
  1359. NPT conferred
  1360. responsibilities regarding compliance, which in
  1361. turn necessitated
  1362. essential activities the Agency was obliged to
  1363. meet with
  1364. resources in the interests of the international
  1365. community. The
  1366. Agency's work in implementing safeguard agreements
  1367. was welcome,
  1368. as reflected in the report. Also, the work on
  1369. integrating
  1370. safeguards should lead to reducing inspection
  1371. efforts in
  1372. countries that had met the criteria.
  1373.  
  1374.       Noting the Agency's initiatives on safety,
  1375. he said the
  1376. report revealed a continued general improvement in
  1377. that area.
  1378.  
  1379.       The Agency's activities toward development
  1380. of peaceful uses
  1381. for nuclear energy were particularly welcome. The
  1382. Union would
  1383. continue to support the Technical Cooperation
  1384. Programme. The
  1385. Agency had improved effectiveness for both
  1386. recipients and donors,
  1387. particularly with its rigorous selection of only
  1388. those projects
  1389. that met a range of precise criteria. The
  1390. resolution Australia
  1391. was expected to present would be welcome.
  1392.  
  1393.       YOSHIYUKI MOTOMURA (Japan) said his
  1394. country -- the only one
  1395. to have suffered a nuclear attack and one that had
  1396. long been
  1397. committed to the peaceful use of nuclear energy --
  1398. was determined
  1399. to use its wealth of experience for the greater
  1400. benefit of
  1401. humankind. It attached the highest priority to
  1402. safety and
  1403. security in utilizing nuclear energy for peaceful
  1404. purposes. Japan
  1405. had actively promoted the peaceful use of nuclear
  1406. energy as a
  1407. stable energy source in the course of its economic
  1408. development,
  1409. because it was heavily dependent on imported oil
  1410. and because
  1411. nuclear energy had enormous merit from the
  1412. perspective of global
  1413. environmental considerations.
  1414.  
  1415.       It would make its use of plutonium
  1416. transparent.
  1417.  
  1418.       In the light of the present international
  1419. situation,
  1420. enhancement of the nuclear non-proliferation
  1421. regime was one of
  1422. the most important issues, with strengthening the
  1423. NPT regime the
  1424. most realistic option. In June, Japan had
  1425. organized the
  1426. International Symposium for Further Reinforcement
  1427. of IAEA
  1428. Safeguards in the Asia-Pacific Region, which had
  1429. deepened the
  1430. understanding among participants on the issue of
  1431. universalization
  1432. of the Additional Protocol. He hoped the IAEA
  1433. would organize
  1434. similar events for other regions. He urged the
  1435. IAEA secretariat
  1436. to accelerate its work on substantiating the
  1437. concept of
  1438. Integrated Safeguards. He supported programmes and
  1439. activities of
  1440. the IAEA which were conducive to preventing acts
  1441. of terrorism.
  1442.  
  1443.       From the perspective of maintaining peace
  1444. and security in
  1445. Northeast Asia, the role of the IAEA in the
  1446. context of suspected
  1447. nuclear-weapons development by North Korea was a
  1448. serious one.
  1449. Japan would continue to actively support the
  1450. efforts made by the
  1451. Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization
  1452. (KEDO) to
  1453. implement the Light-Water Reactor Project
  1454. smoothly. He urged the
  1455. Democratic People's Republic of Korea to improve
  1456. its relations
  1457. with the IAEA and to comply, promptly and
  1458. completely, with its
  1459. obligations under the safeguard agreement.
  1460.  
  1461.  
  1462.  
  1463. - -
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  1468.  
  1469. ------------------------------
  1470.  
  1471. End of abolition-usa-digest V1 #483
  1472. ***********************************
  1473.  
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