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From: owner-abolition-usa-digest@lists.xmission.com (abolition-usa-digest) To: abolition-usa-digest@lists.xmission.com Subject: abolition-usa-digest V1 #234 Reply-To: abolition-usa-digest Sender: owner-abolition-usa-digest@lists.xmission.com Errors-To: owner-abolition-usa-digest@lists.xmission.com Precedence: bulk abolition-usa-digest Monday, December 13 1999 Volume 01 : Number 234 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Mon, 13 Dec 1999 14:26:47 +1000 From: FoE Sydney - Nuclear Campaign <nonukes@foesyd.org.au> Subject: (abolition-usa) ARE WE ABOUT TO TAKE THE DEADLIEST GAMBLE IN HISTORY? +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ARE WE NOW AN ENDANGERED SPECIES ABOUT TO TAKE THE DEADLIEST GAMBLE IN HISTORY? HOW MANY OF US CAN ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS? 1) DUE TO Y2K UNCERTAINTIES, IS IT PROBABLE THAT THERE WILL BE AN ACCIDENTAL LAUNCH OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS AS THE NEW YEAR BEGINS? Nobody knows! In January 1995, Russia came within minutes of launching its nuclear missiles in retaliation to what it believed to be an incoming American missile aimed at Moscow. "Y2K is a unique event whose threat cannot be calculated", according to Dr. Bruce Blair, Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution, Washington DC and a leading American authority on the danger of accidental nuclear war. Featured on PBS Frontline's "Russian Roulette" in 1998, Blair warned "How close Russia has slipped to the edge of a failure -- a serious catastrophic failure of command and control -- is really not possible to calculate but we know that the trends are adverse." He believes that nuclear weapons are an accident waiting to happen. 2) IF AN ACCIDENT DOES HAPPEN, HOW MIGHT IT AFFECT US? According to the New England Journal of Medicine, 1998, "An accidental launch of the weapons from one Russian submarine on eight American cities would result in approximately 6 million deaths outright, followed by a comparable number from fallout and after-effects." Such a launch by Russia or the USA could trigger all-out nuclear war. "In the event of a nuclear war where many nuclear bombs would be exploded, no help would come to the survivors, ever. It would be the end of civilization in the countries concerned, and perhaps over the whole world.... Radioactive fallout would leave whole continents radioactive for centuries." Alan F. Phillips, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C), Physicians for Global Survival, Canada. 3) WHAT CAN BE DONE BEFORE Y2K TO PREVENT SUCH TRAGEDIES? The 5000 Russian and American nuclear weapons on hair-trigger alert can be taken off their alert status so that they are no longer set for "launch-on-warning." That does not require "verification" or a legal agreement, which would take more time than is available. The Joint Early Warning Center in Colorado, so praised by the American military, does not completely defuse the potentially dangerous situation -- it is a palliative measure, but not a cure. 4) IF NUCLEAR-ARMED NATIONS REFUSE TO TAKE THEIR WEAPONS OFF ALERT BUT GOOD FORTUNE PREVAILS AND NO TRAGEDY OCCURS, WILL WE UNDERSTAND THE IMPLICATIONS? a) That the two major powers, with the ability to destroy the planet in a matter of hours, were and still are willing to risk unnecessarily all our lives and those of all future generations. The risk will be ongoing and will have to be addressed by de-alerting, de-coupling, and the elimination of nuclear arms. b) That we, citizens of the world, were not sufficiently informed of the risks and therefore unknowingly condoned this gamble. c) That many who did understand nevertheless believed that there was nothing they could do and thus remained silent. d) That our silence gave a green light to the nuclear nations to continue their dangerous policies: * flouting many nuclear weapons treaties they have signed; * ignoring the World Court ruling that violating humanitarian law by the threat or use of nuclear weapons is illegal; * sending a message to other nations that nuclear weapons are the road to status and power; * further igniting the fear and suspicion that is already fueling a renewed Cold War; * diverting the world's much needed wealth, resources and talents to the production of ever more weapons of mass destruction. Already almost $10 trillion have been spent on these weapons. "We cannot at once hold sacred the miracle of existence and hold sacrosanct the capacity to destroy it. Deterrence...at best is a gamble no mortal should pretend to make. At worst it invokes death on a scale rivaling the power of the creator." General Lee Butler, Commander, American Nuclear Forces, 1991-94. Shortly after the bomb fell on Hiroshima, Albert Einstein warned that if the bomb were developed further, and ever used 'all-out', the human race could be exterminated. His warning is echoed today by General Butler: "We survived the Cold War by a combination of skill, luck and divine intervention." (More...) AGENCIES in Beijing and Gekhi-Chu, Russia - ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Russian leader Boris Yeltsin warned US President Bill Clinton yesterday his country still has nuclear weapons and will not bow to US pressure over its military offensive in Chechnya. "Yesterday, Clinton took the liberty of putting pressure on Russia. It seems he has forgotten for a few seconds, a minute or half a minute, what Russia represents, and that Russia has at its disposal a full nuclear arsenal," Mr Yeltsin said after an informal summit with President Jiang Zemin in Beijing. "It's never been the case, and it will never be the case, that he can dictate how the whole world should live, work, and play. No, and once again, no. A multi-polar world, that's the basis of everything. "That means that as agreed with Chinese President Jiang Zemin, it's us who will dictate how the world should behave and not him alone." Mr Yeltsin made the statements just before meeting National People's Congress chairman Li Peng at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse. He earlier met Mr Jiang and Premier Zhu Rongji at the guesthouse. The comments came as - less than 48 hours before a deadline for the besieged Chechen breakaway capital's residents to flee or face death - reconnaissance units entered Grozny, Russian officers said. In Washington Mr Clinton played down Mr Yeltsin's remarks. "We can't get too serious about that," he said. "Let's not talk about what the leaders are saying and all these words of criticism. "I'll say again what I said yesterday. I don't think what they're doing will help them to achieve their goals . . . I don't think displacing hundreds of thousands of civilians" will help Moscow achieve its goal of stopping attacks by Chechen terrorists. In a 40-minute meeting Mr Jiang stressed Beijing's position that Chechnya was an internal Russian affair and brooked no interference from outside forces, Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov said. "Jiang Zemin completely understands and fully supports Russia's actions in combatting terrorism and extremism in Chechnya and in the northern Caucasus," he said. "The Chinese side understands and supports the efforts made by Russia in safeguarding national unity and territorial integrity," said Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Zhang Qiyue. "We have also taken note of the fact that in their action in Chechnya, the Russian side has tried to avoid civilian losses," she said. Russia has been subjected to a torrent of Western criticism of its military drive in Chechnya, especially since it told civilians to leave Grozny by tomorrow. Military officials said it was a warning, not an ultimatum. THERE IS STILL TIME FOR US TO ACT! IF WE DON'T ACT NOW, WHAT WILL WE TELL OUR CHILDREN WHEN THEY ASK WHAT WE DID TO KEEP THEM SAFE? Please write to US defence secretary William Cohen, President Clinton, and to Russian Defence Minister Igor Sergeyev, asking them to take nuclear weapons off hairtrigger alert at least over the Y2K 'rollover' period. Defence Secretary Cohen's fax number is +1-703-695-1149 President Clintons fax number is +1-202-456-2461 Yeltsin/Sergeyev's fax number is +7-095-205-4330. Faxing a single A4 page should not cost you more than a dollar. You can fax for free on http://www.fax4free.com (But the best fax is HANDWRITTEN). *If you are an organisation* and want to sign a large sign- on letter, please sign the letter to Presidents Yeltsin and Clinton that is being periodicaly faxed to them on http://homepages.tig.com.au/~foesyd/nuclear/bbletter.html to sign it email me on nonukes@forsyd.org.au Sample letters to Cohen/Clinton and to Sergeyev are below. Do please customise and abbreviate. And have fun while saving the planet from (possibly) the apocalypse! Sample Letters are Below. Please customise and use your own words as much as possible. 1)SAMPLE LETTER TO COHEN/CLINTON (This is for individuals to sent to Us Secretary for Defence Cohen and President Clinton. You can also post it to The White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Ave, Washington DC.) TO: WILLIAM COHEN, US SECRETARY OF DEFENCE, +1-703-695-1149, PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON, WHITE HOUSE, WASHINGTON, US, +1-202-456-2461, +1-202-456-2883. Dear President Clinton and Secretary for Defence Cohen, I am writing to urge your administration to take US nuclear forces off 'hairtrigger alert' even if only during the Y2K rollover period. As you will be aware, the European Parliament recently voted to ask you and President Yeltsin to do as the UK has already done, and de-alert nuclear weapons. It is particularly disturbing that Secretary Cohen has been reported as having stated in Moscow some time ago that de-alerting of nuclear forces is 'off the table' as a stability building measure. You have also been quoted as saying that 'The better course is reduction, limiting the number of weapons, and establishing shared early warning centers'. The recent Europarliament vote clearly puts de- alerting back on the table. De-alerting of nuclear forces was strongly recommended by the Canberra Commission in 1996 and then by the Tokyo Forum, as a way to develop strategic stability and build trust between the US and Russia. It has also been incorporated into last year's and this years text of the New Agenda Resolution in the UN General Assembly. It has also been reccommended by a resolution specifically on the subject passed by last years General Assembly and by this years First Committee on Reduction of Nuclear Dangers. In addition it has been the subject of two resolutions passed by the Australian Senate on 12 August and 20September, and finally it has been clearly requested by the European Parliament. It is also the subject of congressional resolution H.Con Res177 put by Edward Markey, and most recently, the City of Berkley has asked for it. These measures are not in competition with each other. All of them - reductions in the number of weapons, the establishment of shared early warning centers and de-alerting - are vital to the reduction of tension and the establishment of strategic stability. This is particularly the case in view of the uncertainties posed by the millennium date change (Y2K). As you are well aware, the largest and oldest computer system complexes in the world are those that control nuclear weapons systems. The very nature of the Y2K problem makes it impossible to be sure everything has been fixed until well into the new year. Russia has, until recently, made little effort to even acknowledge the Y2K problem, let alone fix it. It is therefore quite possible that Russian computerized control systems are not Y2K compliant and that they will experience widespread failures during the Y2K rollover period. Even more disquieting is the fact that that the Russians have constructed the system known as 'Perimeter', or the 'dead hand'. This system seems to include additional ways in which Y2K failure might lead to an accidental launch. The establishment of a Y2K strategic stability center in Colorado is certainly an advantageous move and an absolutely essential one. However, it does not entirely remove the danger of an accidental launch of nuclear weapons. The fact that the Center is scheduled, as far as we the public are aware, to come into operation only on December 27th, four days prior to the rollover, is far from reassuring. A four day delay will render it useless. Similarly, the center itself will depend on the availability of ultra-reliable hotlines between it and Moscow. The Y2K vulnerabilities recently discovered in six of the seven hotlines on which US/Russian communications depends, are also cause for deep concern. If nuclear weapons are removed from a status in which they can be launched within minutes, and placed in one which would require at least days to launch, the risk of an accidental missile launch induced by Y2K or other errors in command and control systems will be virtually eliminated. This has been done by the UK, which has moved the 'notice to fire' for its missile forces from minutes to days. In taking De-alerting 'off the table', the United States is making a serious error. Failure to take nuclear forces off hairtrigger alert over the Y2K 'rollover' period is an error that has the potential of causing unthinkable consequences. The probability of this may be low, but it will never be zero as long as nuclear forces remain on hair-trigger alert. In a previous administration, President Bush took strategic bomber forces off alert. We urge you to do this with all US nuclear forces. (SIGNED) etc. 2)SAMPLE LETTER TO YELTSIN/DEFENCE MINISTER SERGEYEV THIS SAMPLE LETTER IS FOR YOU PERSONALLY TO FAX, CUSTOMIZED AS YOU FEEL BEST, TO YELTSIN AND DEFENCE MINISTER SERGEYEV. PLEASE DO FAX IT AND SEND IT NOW. You can also post it to Boris Yeltsin, C/O The Kremlin, Moscow - but its really too slow. A single A4 page fax will cost you about a dollar. PRESIDENT BORIS YELTSIN, IGOR SERGEYEV, RUSSIAN DEFENCE MINISTER, +7-095-205-4330, 'Dear Defence Minister Sergeyev and President Yeltsin, I am writing to convey my deep concern that Y2K-related computer failures in the command and control systems for nuclear weapons may lead to an accidental nuclear war. I am aware that both Russia and the US have taken this problem seriously enough to establish a joint strategic stability center in Colorado. However, I am very much concerned that this facility will come into operation only by 27th December 1999, so that a delay of just four days will make it useless. I am also very much concerned that Y2K problems have been found recently in six out of seven of the 'hotlines' that would be used if a crisis of any sort arose over the Y2K rollover period. I am aware that there have been a number of occasions when either the US or Russia have mistakenly believed that the other nation was in the process of launching a nuclear attack. With 3,600 Russian warheads on 700 missiles and 2,000 US warheads on 500 missiles, with each side capable to launch within roughly 20 minutes, this must never be allowed to happen, either over the Y2K 'rollover', or at any other time. The use of 5,600 warheads would certainly mean the end of what we call civilization, would likely mean the end of the human race and could possibly mean the end of all life. I therefore urge both you and the United States, to place all your nuclear forces in a status in which at least days not minutes, would be required to launch . The United Kingdom has, I understand, already done this. The European Parliament has recently called on both the US and Russia to de-alert nuclear weapons and to place them in a state similar to that in which the UK has placed its weapons. The recent Europarliament vote clearly puts de- alerting back on the table. De-alerting of nuclear forces was strongly recommended by the Canberra Commission in 1996 and then by the Tokyo Forum, as a way to develop strategic stability and build trust between the US and Russia. It has also been incorporated into last year's and this years text of the New Agenda Resolution in the UN General Assembly. It has also been reccommended by a resolution specifically on the subject passed by last years General Assembly and by this years First Committee on Reduction of Nuclear Dangers. In addition it has been the subject of two resolutions passed by the Australian Senate on 12 August and 20September, and finally it has been clearly requested by the European Parliament. It is also the subject of congressional resolution H.Con Res177 put by Edward Markey, and most recently, the City of Berkley has asked for it. The immediate stakes are so high and the potential for global catastrophe is so great, that mutually verified de-alerting of nuclear forces in the face of the Y2K computer problem must take precedence over all other considerations of political and national security.' (Signed) etc. John Hallam Friends of the Earth Sydney, 17 Lord street, Newtown, NSW, Australia, Fax(61)(2)9517-3902 ph (61)(2)9517-3903 nonukes@foesyd.org.au http://homepages.tig.com.au/~foesyd http://homepages.tig.com.au/~foesyd/nuclear/bbletter.html - - To unsubscribe to abolition-usa, send an email to "majordomo@xmission.com" with "unsubscribe abolition-usa" in the body of the message. For information on digests or retrieving files and old messages send "help" to the same address. Do not use quotes in your message. ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 13 Dec 1999 05:27:24 -0500 From: Ellen Thomas <prop1@prop1.org> Subject: Re: (abolition-usa) DOE wants BIGGER nuke program - --=====================_58021209==_.ALT Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Thanks, Marylia, for sending this important information. If you could remember to include the URL for the article you copy/paste into your message, it's helpful for me in doing NucNews, where I try to give full reference to the author/publisher, including website, so people can doublecheck. Sometimes Reuters and AP stories have been cut down by various papers, and it's useful to know which site you get them from. Thanks again... Ellen Thomas >Peace, Marylia Please read the article... > >[Image] > > Saturday, December 11, 1999 > > DOE commits to refurbish aging nuclear > weapons > > Revival of some phased-out research > recommended > > FROM STAFF REPORTS > > LIVERMORE — Nuclear bombs aren't aging as well as > the Energy De partment thought they would. ___________________________________________________ Today's Newspapers: http://prop1.org/nucnews/links.htm Subscribe NucNews: mailto:prop1@prop1.org (NucNews-Subscribe) NucNews Archives: http://prop1.org/nucnews/briefslv.htm Submit URL/Article: mailto:prop1@prop1.org (NucNews-Editor) About NucNews: http://prop1.org/nucnews/nucnews.htm Distributed without payment for research and educational purposes only, in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107. - --=====================_58021209==_.ALT Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" <html><div>Thanks, Marylia, for sending this important information. If you could remember to include the URL for the article you copy/paste into your message, it's helpful for me in doing NucNews, where I try to give full reference to the author/publisher, including website, so people can doublecheck. Sometimes Reuters and AP stories have been cut down by various papers, and it's useful to know which site you get them from.</div> <br> <div>Thanks again...</div> <br> <div>Ellen Thomas</div> <br> <div>>Peace, Marylia Please read the article...</div> <div>></div> <div>>[Image]</div> <div>></div> <div>> Saturday, December 11, 1999</div> <div>></div> <div>> DOE commits to refurbish aging nuclear</div> <div>> weapons</div> <div>></div> <div>> Revival of some phased-out research</div> <div>> recommended</div> <div>></div> <div>> FROM STAFF REPORTS</div> <div>></div> <div>> LIVERMORE — Nuclear bombs aren't aging as well as</div> <div>> the Energy De partment thought they would.</div> <br> ___________________________________________________<br> <br> Today's Newspapers: <a href="http://prop1.org/nucnews/links.htm" eudora="autourl">http://prop1.org/nucnews/links.htm</a><br> Subscribe NucNews: <a href="mailto:prop1@prop1.org" eudora="autourl">mailto:prop1@prop1.org</a> (NucNews-Subscribe)<br> NucNews Archives: <a href="http://prop1.org/nucnews/briefslv.htm" eudora="autourl">http://prop1.org/nucnews/briefslv.htm</a><br> Submit URL/Article: <a href="mailto:prop1@prop1.org" eudora="autourl">mailto:prop1@prop1.org</a> (NucNews-Editor)<br> <font size=2> About NucNews: </font><a href="http://prop1.org/nucnews/nucnews.htm" eudora="autourl">http://prop1.org/nucnews/nucnews.htm</a><br> <br> Distributed without payment for research and educational <br> purposes only, in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107.<br> <br> <br> </html> - --=====================_58021209==_.ALT-- - - To unsubscribe to abolition-usa, send an email to "majordomo@xmission.com" with "unsubscribe abolition-usa" in the body of the message. For information on digests or retrieving files and old messages send "help" to the same address. Do not use quotes in your message. ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 13 Dec 1999 08:40:23 -0600 From: "Boyle, Francis" <FBOYLE@LAW.UIUC.EDU> Subject: (abolition-usa) FW: BBC News | SCOTLAND | Petition challenge to Trident legality This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand this format, some or all of this message may not be legible. - ------_=_NextPart_000_01BF4578.00A2AC5A Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable =20 low graphics version | feedback | help=20 =20 You are in: UK: Scotland =20 Front Page=20 World=20 =20 UK =20 =20 Northern Ireland=20 Scotland=20 Wales=20 =20 UK Politics=20 Business=20 Sci/Tech=20 Health=20 Education=20 Sport=20 Entertainment=20 Talking Point=20 In Depth=20 AudioVideo=20 =20 Saturday, 11 December, 1999, 10:14 GMT=20 Petition challenge to Trident legality=20 Three protesters were acquitted in October =20 The Scottish Parliament's public petitions committee is to consider the legality of nuclear weapons.=20 Three challenges to Trident from members of the public will be made to = the committee when it meets next week.=20 It follows the decision in October by a sheriff to acquit members of a = peace group who damaged a floating Trident laboratory platform.=20 Three CND activists walked free from Greenock Sheriff Court after = facing charges that they maliciously damaged equipment at the Faslane nuclear submarine base.=20 Trident has been targeted by activists =20 The three women, Angela Zelter, 48, Ellen Moxley, 45, and Bodil Ulla = Roder, 45, were accused of having caused damage worth =A380,000 to a research = lab.=20 Sheriff Margaret Gimblett said she accepted the argument put forward by defence advocate John Mayer, who said Trident was illegal under international law and the women were acting simply to prevent a crime.=20 Mr Mayer said an opinion expressed by the International Court of = Justice in 1996 made Trident and all nuclear weapons illegal.=20 This meant the women had committed a crime but were acting to prevent = other crimes taking place and so in Scots law should be acquitted, he told = the court.=20 The sheriff's acceptance of that provoked outrage among opposition = parties.=20 Scotland's most senior law officer is expected to appeal against the = ruling. The Lord Advocate Lord Hardie is understood to have demanded a full = report into Sheriff Gimblett's decision.=20 Search BBC News Online =20 =20 =20 Advanced search options=20 BBC ONE TV NEWS=20 =20 WORLD NEWS SUMMARY=20 =20 See also:=20 =20 15 Feb 99 | UK =20 Arrests at anti-nuclear protest =20 =20 18 Aug 98 | UK =20 Protesters arrested at Faslane =20 =20 16 Aug 98 | UK =20 Peace protesters arrested at subs base =20 =20 22 Oct 99 | Scotland =20 Sheriff dubs nuclear programme illegal =20 =20 =20 Internet links:=20 =20 Trident Ploughshares 2000 =20 =20 Ministry of Defence =20 =20 Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament =20 =20 Faslane Peace Camp =20 =20 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites=20 =20 Links to other Scotland stories are at the foot of the page.=20 =20 =20 Links to other Scotland stories In this section Police in festive 'whistle-blowers' plea Scotland's 'millennium wheel' rolled out Bug squashes Nicol's final hopes Nurse's attacker asks for retrial Hampden rescue deal on table Homeless 'abused = by public' Ex-media boss to drive transport policy Hospital review = findings revealed Concrete covering for beach bombs Union slams patient = re-housing plan Fears grow for missing walker Hampden to host Euro final LIVE PROGRAMMES ON THE INTERNET BBC Scotland - On Air NEWS AND POLITICS IN = BRIEF Queen's swans killed Churchmen oppose section 28 abolition =20 =20 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------= - ---- - ---- =20 ^^ Back to top News Front Page | World | UK | UK Politics | Business | Sci/Tech | = Health | Education | Sport | Entertainment | In-Depth | Talking Point | = Audio/Video =20 - -----Original Message----- From: Winston Weeks [mailto:wweeks@aros.net]=20 Sent: Sunday, December 12, 1999 2:13 PM To: Boyle, Francis Subject: BBC News | SCOTLAND | Petition challenge to Trident legality http://news2.thls.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/uk/scotland/newsid_559000/559553.= stm - 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CLASS=3D"headlinestory">Petition challenge to = Trident legality</B></FONT> <BR> <DIV CLASS=3D"bodytext"> =09 </DIV><BR CLEAR=3D"all"> <TABLE CELLSPACING=3D"0" WIDTH=3D"304" BORDER=3D"0" = CELLPADDING=3D"0"><TR><TD CLASS=3D"piccaption"> <IMG alt=3D"Nuclear protest" border=3D0 width=3D"300" height=3D"180" = src=3D"/olmedia/480000/images/_481725_nuclearprotest300.jpg"> =09 Three protesters were acquitted in October<BR> </TD></TR> =09 =09 =09 </TABLE><DIV CLASS=3D"bodytext"> <BR> <BR> =20 The Scottish Parliament's public petitions committee is to consider = the legality of nuclear weapons. <BR><BR> Three challenges to Trident from members of the public will be made to = the committee when it meets next week. <BR><BR> It follows the decision in October by a sheriff to acquit members of a = peace group who damaged a floating Trident laboratory platform. <BR><BR> Three CND activists walked free from Greenock Sheriff Court after = facing charges that they maliciously damaged equipment at the Faslane = nuclear submarine base. <BR><BR> </DIV><BR CLEAR=3D"all"> <TABLE CELLSPACING=3D"2" ALIGN=3D"RIGHT" WIDTH=3D"154" BORDER=3D"0" = CELLPADDING=3D"2"><TR><TD CLASS=3D"piccaption"> <IMG alt=3D"A submarine" border=3D0 width=3D"150" height=3D"180" = src=3D"/olmedia/480000/images/_482294_sub150.jpg"> =09 Trident has been targeted by activists<BR> </TD></TR> =09 =09 =09 </TABLE><DIV CLASS=3D"bodytext"> The three women, Angela Zelter, 48, Ellen Moxley, 45, and Bodil Ulla = Roder, 45, were accused of having caused damage worth =A380,000 to a = research lab. <BR><BR> Sheriff Margaret Gimblett said she accepted the argument put forward by = defence advocate John Mayer, who said Trident was illegal under = international law and the women were acting simply to prevent a crime.=20 <BR><BR> Mr Mayer said an opinion expressed by the International Court of = Justice in 1996 made Trident and all nuclear weapons illegal.=20 <BR><BR> This meant the women had committed a crime but were acting to prevent = other crimes taking place and so in Scots law should be acquitted, he = told the court.=20 <BR><BR> The sheriff's acceptance of that provoked outrage among opposition = parties. <BR><BR> Scotland's most senior law officer is expected to appeal against the = ruling. <BR><BR> The Lord Advocate Lord Hardie is understood to have demanded a full = report into Sheriff Gimblett's decision. <BR><BR> </DIV> </TD> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D1></TD> <TD VALIGN=3DTOP> <TABLE BORDER=3D0 CELLPADDING=3D0 CELLSPACING=3D0 WIDTH=3D170 = BGCOLOR=3D"#FFFFCC"> <TR> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D2 HEIGHT=3D1></TD>=20 <TD COLSPAN=3D2><B CLASS=3D"search">Search BBC News Online</B><BR = CLEAR=3DALL><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D3></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D2 HEIGHT=3D1></TD>=20 <TD><FORM ACTION=3D"/scripts/query.idq" METHOD=3DGET> <SPAN CLASS=3D"piccaption"><INPUT SIZE=3D9 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WIDTH=3D12 HEIGHT=3D9 = BORDER=3D0><A CLASS=3D"videonewsbox" = HREF=3D"http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/news/summary.ram"> WORLD = NEWS SUMMARY</A></TD> </TR> </TABLE> =09  =09 <TABLE BORDER=3D"0" CELLPADDING=3D"0" CELLSPACING=3D"0" = WIDTH=3D"170"> <TR> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D2></TD> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D160 HEIGHT=3D2></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD CLASS=3D"seealso" COLSPAN=3D2><BR><B>See also:</B></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD ALIGN=3DLEFT VALIGN=3DMIDDLE HEIGHT=3D10 COLSPAN=3D2><IMG = SRC=3D"/furniture/grey_pixel.gif" WIDTH=3D170 HEIGHT=3D1></TD> </TR> =09 <TR> <TD VALIGN=3DTOP> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/blue_arrow.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D12></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"seealsodate"> 15 Feb 99 | UK </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 HEIGHT=3D1></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"seealsohead"> <A HREF=3D"/hi/english/uk/newsid_280000/280121.stm" = CLASS=3D"heavy"> Arrests at anti-nuclear protest </A> </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3D2><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D7></TD></TR> =09 <TR> <TD VALIGN=3DTOP> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/blue_arrow.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D12></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"seealsodate"> 18 Aug 98 | UK </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 HEIGHT=3D1></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"seealsohead"> <A HREF=3D"/hi/english/uk/newsid_153000/153197.stm" = CLASS=3D"heavy"> Protesters arrested at Faslane </A> </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3D2><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D7></TD></TR> =09 <TR> <TD VALIGN=3DTOP> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/blue_arrow.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D12></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"seealsodate"> 16 Aug 98 | UK </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 HEIGHT=3D1></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"seealsohead"> <A HREF=3D"/hi/english/uk/newsid_151000/151522.stm" = CLASS=3D"heavy"> Peace protesters arrested at subs base </A> </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3D2><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D7></TD></TR> =09 <TR> <TD VALIGN=3DTOP> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/blue_arrow.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D12></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"seealsodate"> 22 Oct 99 | Scotland </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 HEIGHT=3D1></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"seealsohead"> <A HREF=3D"/hi/english/uk/scotland/newsid_481000/481385.stm" = CLASS=3D"heavy"> Sheriff dubs nuclear programme illegal </A> </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3D2><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D7></TD></TR> =09 </TABLE> =09 <TABLE BORDER=3D"0" CELLPADDING=3D"0" CELLSPACING=3D"0" WIDTH=3D"175"> <TR> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D2></TD> <TD><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D165 HEIGHT=3D2></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD CLASS=3D"internetlinkshead" COLSPAN=3D2><BR><B>Internet = links:</B></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD ALIGN=3DLEFT VALIGN=3DMIDDLE HEIGHT=3D10 COLSPAN=3D2><IMG = SRC=3D"/furniture/grey_pixel.gif" WIDTH=3D175 HEIGHT=3D1></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD HEIGHT=3D15 ALIGN=3DLEFT VALIGN=3DTOP> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/blue_arrow.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D12></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"internetlinks"> <A href=3D"http://www.gn.apc.org/tp2000/" CLASS=3D"heavy"> Trident Ploughshares 2000 </A> </TD> </TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3D2><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D4></TD></TR> <TR> <TD HEIGHT=3D15 ALIGN=3DLEFT VALIGN=3DTOP> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/blue_arrow.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D12></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"internetlinks"> <A href=3D"http://www.mod.uk/" CLASS=3D"heavy"> Ministry of Defence </A> </TD> </TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3D2><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D4></TD></TR> <TR> <TD HEIGHT=3D15 ALIGN=3DLEFT VALIGN=3DTOP> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/blue_arrow.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D12></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"internetlinks"> <A href=3D"http://www.cnduk.org/welcome.htm" CLASS=3D"heavy"> Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament </A> </TD> </TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3D2><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D4></TD></TR> <TR> <TD HEIGHT=3D15 ALIGN=3DLEFT VALIGN=3DTOP> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/blue_arrow.gif" WIDTH=3D10 HEIGHT=3D12></TD> <TD CLASS=3D"internetlinks"> <A href=3D"http://ds.dial.pipex.com/cndscot/camp/index.htm" = CLASS=3D"heavy"> Faslane Peace Camp </A> </TD> </TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3D2><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D1 = HEIGHT=3D4></TD></TR> <TR> <TD CLASS=3D"disclaimer" COLSPAN=3D2><BR>The BBC is not responsible for = the=20 content of external internet sites</TD> </TR> </TABLE>  <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/grey_pixel.gif" WIDTH=3D170 HEIGHT=3D1 = BORDER=3D0> <DIV CLASS=3D"promotextbold">Links to other Scotland stories are at the = foot of the page. <BR><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/grey_pixel.gif" WIDTH=3D170 HEIGHT=3D1 = BORDER=3D0 VSPACE=3D4><BR> </DIV> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <TABLE BORDER=3D"0" CELLPADDING=3D"0" CELLSPACING=3D"0"> <TR> <TD WIDTH=3D105><IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/nothing.gif" WIDTH=3D105 = HEIGHT=3D1></TD> <TD ALIGN=3DLEFT>  <BR CLEAR=3D"ALL"> <IMG SRC=3D"/furniture/black_pixel.gif" WIDTH=3D315 HEIGHT=3D1 = BORDER=3D0><P> <B 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