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g652_b1.asc
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1993-06-26
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Annex B
(to Recommendation G.652)
Test methods for single-mode fibres
The mode field diameter may be determined in the far-field domain from
the far field intensity distribution, F2(q), from the knife-edge transmission
function, K(Æ); or from the complementary aperture power transmission function,
(Æ); in the offset joint domain from the square of the autocorrelation
function, T(); in the near-field domain from the near field intensity
distribution, f2(r); according to the equivalent definitions shown in A.1 in
Annex A to Recommendation G.652.
B.1.2 Test apparatus
It is customary to modulate the light source in order to improve the
signal/noise ratio at the receiver. If such a procedure is adopted, the
detector should be linked to a signal processing system synchronous with the
source modulation frequency. The detecting system should have substantially
linear sensitivity characteristics.
B.1.2.4 Launching conditions
The launching conditions used must be sufficient to excite the
fundamental (LP01) mode. For example, suitable launching techniques could be:
Care should be taken that higher order modes do not propagate. For this
purpose it may be necessary to introduce a loop of suitable radius or another
mode filter in order to remove higher order modes.
The specimen shall be a short length of the optical fibre to be
measured. Primary fibre coating shall be removed from the section of the fibre
inserted in the mode stripper, if used. The fibre ends shall be clean, smooth
and perpendicular to the fibre axes. It is recommended that the end faces be
flat and perpendicular to the fibre axes to within 1o. For the offset joint
technique, the fibre will be cut into two approximately equal lengths.
B.1.2.7 Offset or scan apparatus
a) Far-field scan system
A mechanism to scan the far-field intensity distribution shall be
used (for example, a scanning photodetector with pinhole aperature or a
scanning pig-tailed photodetector). The scan may be either angular or
linear. The detector should be at least 20 mm from the fibre end, and the
detector's active area should not subtend too large an angle in the far
field. This can be assured by placing the detector at a distance from the
fibre end greater than 20 Wb/O, where 2 W is the expected mode field
diameter of the fibre to be measured, and b is the diameter of the active
area of the detector.
II. Offset joint domain
Traversing joint
The joint shall be constructed such that the relative offset of the
fibre axes can be adjusted. A means of measuring the offset to within 0.1 m is
recommended. The optical power transmitted through the traversing joint is
measured by a detector.
III. Near-field domain
Note - The NA of the collecting optics in I b) and I c) must be large enough not
to affect the measurement results.
I. Far-field domain
A nominal 1300 mn light source for illuminating the core shall be used.
The light source shall be adjustable in intensity and stable in position,
intensity and wavelength over a time period sufficiently long to complete the
measurement procedure. The spectral characteristics of this source should be
chosen to preclude multimode operation. A second light source with similar
characteristics can be used, if necessary, for illuminating the cladding. The
spectral characteristics of the second light source must not cause defocussing of
the image.
Note - The validity of the image shearing technique is under study and needs to be
confirmed.