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1990-05-29
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══════════════════════════ EZCosmos Picture Directory ═════════════════════════
Use the arrow keys and press Enter to browse the directory below.
To view a picture in Plot mode, first Find the desired object (or
center it under the cursor) and then use the Look command. See
the main Help Menu for more information on looking at pictures.
──> Press Esc or spacebar to exit the Help System <──
╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ Picture Disk 1....... NGC Objects and Planets ║
║ Picture Disk 2....... Selected Messier Objects ║
║ Other Picture Disks.. Available from Future Trends Software ║
╚═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
══════════════════════════════ Picture Disk 1 ════════════════════════ Page 1.1
NGC2024 The Horsehead nebula in Orion - a dark dust cloud which lies in front
of the emission nebula IC434. The dust cloud is colliding with the
emission nebula. Some astronomers theorize that this may be the
first stage in the formation of stars.
NGC2264 The Cone Nebula in Monoceros - another example of a dark dust cloud
silhouetted on an emission nebula. The presence of hot young stars
indicates that the emission nebula is a birthplace of stars and
further supports the theory that collisions of gas and dust clouds
result in stellar formation.
NGC5128 Centaurus A - a peculiar and energetic galaxy in Centaurus. This
galaxy is one of the strongest emitters of radio waves in the sky and
was one of first radio sources discovered when radiotelescopes were
built in Australia. Radio astronomers have since learned that
Centaurus A is a double radio source. It appears that the visible
galaxy in the center is ejecting vast amounts of material in opposite
directions at near the speed of light. This material, when slowed
down by collision with intersteller dust and gas then emits radio
waves through interaction with galactic magnetic fields.
────────────────────────────── Picture Disk 1 ──────────────────────── Page 1.2
LMC The Large Magallenic Cloud - satellite galaxy of the Milky Way
named after the Spanish explorer Magellan who discovered it and
its companion the Small Magellanic Cloud during his trip around
the world in 1519. The LMC shows characteristics of a barred
spiral form and is classified as a transition type between a
spiral and an irregular galaxy. Both the LMC and SMC are orbiting
the Milky Way. The LMC is closer, about 160,000 light years from
us, and is also larger than the SMC. Both galaxies are easily
visible to the unaided eye.
Offset from the center of the LMC is the Tarantula Nebula. This
is the only extragalactic nebula visible to the unaided eye and is
striking when seen in medium to large telescopes. It is just at
the limit of naked eye visibility and was classified in error as
the star 30 Doradus before its nature was fully understood. It
can be seen in the picture left of center. Measurements indicate
that this nebula is actually the core of the LMC even though it
appears to be off-center from the rest of the galaxy.
────────────────────────────── Picture Disk 1 ──────────────────────── Page 1.3
MOON The Earth and Moon form a double-planet system. The Moon is the
closest astronomical body to the Earth and we know more about it
than any other object in the heavens. Many surface features are
visible to the unaided eye, and a pair of binoculars reveals a great
amount of detail. A small telescope shows vast seas of lava, large
mountain ranges and hundreds of craters of all sizes. Studies of the
382 kg of lunar rock and soil brought back by the Apollo missions
have revealed much about the early history of both the Moon and the
Earth.
SATURN The sixth planet from the Sun is perhaps the best known astronomical
object by picture. Its beauty in even small telescopes is
breathtaking, and larger scopes reveal details in the delicate ring
structure and colored bands in the outer layers of the atmosphere.
The rings consist of billions of particles (probably water and
methane ice) ranging from a few centimeters to a few meters in
diameter. There are three major ring systems, separated by the
Cassini division (outer) and the Encke division (inner). Saturn is
1.4 billion km from the Sun (about 80 light minutes).
══════════════════════════════ Picture Disk 2 ════════════════════════ Page 2.1
M1 The Crab Nebula in Taurus - the remnants of a supernova that exploded
in A.D. 1064. The supernova was visible for several weeks in broad
daylight. The star that remains is the first pulsar discovered. Now
known to be a neutron star, it rotates on its axis once every 33
milliseconds. The nebula shines brighter than 75,000 Suns.
M13 The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules - a spectacular cluster of
several hundreds of thousands of older stars that orbits the Milky Way
Galaxy. M13 is the brightest globular cluster visible in the Northern
Hemisphere. Its distance from Earth is about 25,000 light years.
M20 The Trifid Nebula in Sagittarius - a cloud of interstellar gas
illuminated by a relatively new star (age 7 million years).
Three dark radial dust lanes divide the cloud, hence its name.
M20 is about is 4500 light years (ly) from Earth.
M27 The Dumbbell Nebula in Vulpecula - a planetary nebula, named due to
its resemblance to a dumbbell when seen through small telescopes.
Planetary nebulae were named in the 18th century by Sir William
Herschel who likened their telescopic appearance to that of the
planets Uranus and Neptune.
────────────────────────────── Picture Disk 2 ──────────────────────── Page 2.2
M31 The Great Galaxy in Andromeda - the largest galaxy in the Local Group
which includes our Galaxy, the Milky Way. M31 is a spiral galaxy of
radius 80,000 ly with a mass of 300 billion suns. We see it nearly
edge on - from our viewpoint it is tilted at an angle of 13°. At a
distance of 2,300,000 ly it is the farthest object visible to the
naked eye. M31 can be seen without optical aid from sites away from
city lights when the Moon is below the horizon. With a telescope,
the two satellite galaxies NGC205 and M32 can be seen in the same
field (and are shown in the picture at left center and bottom right).
M42 The Orion Nebula - the middle 'star' in the sword of Orion the
Hunter. M42 can be seen without optical aid as a hazy star, but
through even a small telescope it is a magnificent sight. M42 is the
brightest nebula visible from Earth and is thus the best studied.
Its distance is 1600 ly - relatively close. Many new stars are
forming in the interior of the cloud and several proto-solar systems
have been discovered with infrared astrophotography. Six inch and
larger telescopes reveal a cluster of four stars at the heart of the
nebula called the Trapezium (the stars form the corners of a regular
trapezoid). These stars are among the youngest yet discovered.
────────────────────────────── Picture Disk 2 ──────────────────────── Page 2.3
M45 The Pleiades or Seven Sisters in Taurus - one of the finest examples
of a young star cluster. The cluster can be easily seen with the
unaided eye. Ancient astronomers reported seeing seven stars in M45,
but today only six are visible without optical aid. Long exposure
photography shows much nebulosity in the region, the gas clouds from
which these stars were formed. The cluster is very young, less
than 100 million years old. Nearby is an older cluster, the Hyades,
of which Aldebaran (Alpha Tauri) is a member.
M57 The Ring Nebula in Lyra - a planetary nebula resembling a torus
or ring. M57 is a fine object visible in small telescopes, but a
large scope is needed to glimpse its 13th magnitude central star
which is a white dwarf. The age of the nebula (and thus the
death of the central star) is estimated at 5500 years and its
distance exceeds 2000 ly.
M104 The Sombrero Galaxy in Virgo - a spiral galaxy characterized by a dark
band of dust through its center which obscures the central bulge or
core. M104 is tilted only 6° from our line of sight. Its central core
is quite prominent - M104 resembles an elliptical galaxy with
spiral arms tightly wound around it.
══════════════════════════ Additional Picture Disks ══════════════════ Page 3.1
Astrosoft, Inc. and Future Trends Software are pleased to
announce the release of several new Picture Disk sets, available
April 1990. Each two-disk set contains over 14 pictures of
galaxies, star clusters, nebulae and planets with informative
text describing each object shown. These Picture Disk sets are
compatible only with EZCosmos II and EZCosmos Professional.
New Picture Disk sets will be released every 6 to 8 weeks.
For information and ordering, please contact:
FUTURE TRENDS SOFTWARE
P.O. BOX 3927
AUSTIN, TX 78764
1 (800) 869-EASY
This EZCosmos Picture Directory is (c) Copyright 1990 Astrosoft, Inc.
All rights reserved worldwide.