Jason Aller Floppy Collection/181.img/TASM-101.ZIP/MANUAL.DOC

Text File | 1988-10-31 | 17KB | 539 lines

TURBO ASSEMBLER 1.0: MANUAL ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS
-----------------------------------------------------

  General note: The casing of the predefined segment symbol names
  (those beginning with the at-sign (@)) are incorrect in the
  manuals. The entire name should be in lowercase. This case is
  significant when you assemble with the /ML option.

  The correct names are

    @code
    @data
    @fardata
    @fardata?
    @curseg

  Turbo Assembler User's Guide
  ----------------------------

  For your convenience, many of the examples are provided on the dis-
  tribution diskettes. Consult the files listed at the bottom of the
  README file for their names and the page on which the example appears.

  Page

  33 - In the last sentence of the first paragraph, change AX
       to CX.

  42 - The example at the bottom of the page should be

       10000
       + 201
       -----
       10201

  47 - In Footnote 2, remove the text in parentheses.

  50 - The table in the manual does not include the 80287 and
       80387 instructions. The following table describes them.

       Instruction   Processor        Instruction   Processor
       ------------------------------------------------------
       FSETPM         287-387         FCOS             387
       FPREM1         387             FPREMI           387
       FSIN           387             FSINCOS          387
       FUCOM          387             FUCOMP           387
       FUCOMPP        387


  61 - The first sentence of the second paragraph on the
       page should read: "If you want to assemble multiple files,
       you can separate their names with the plus sign(+):"

       Remove the first example following the paragraph.

  63 - The syntax description for the /b command-line
       option should read, "/b."

  74 - The table in the /w command-line option is missing
       several items; add the following options:

         RES - Reserved word warning
         TPI - Turbo Pascal illegal warning
         PQK - Assuming constant for [const] warning
         ALN - Segment alignment

  75 - At the top of the page, the first sentence should
       read, "By default, Turbo Assembler first starts assembling
       your file with all warnings enabled except the inefficient
       code-generation (ICG) and the write-to-memory in
       protected-mode (PRO) warnings.

  78 - The first paragraph should say...

       ...Assembler, it will look for a file called TASM.CFG in
       your current directory. If running on DOS 3.X or later, it
       will also look in the directory that Turbo Assembler was
       loaded from. If Turbo Assembler finds the file ....

  85 - On the second line of the page, change "Table 4.2 on page 169"
       to "Table 2.1 on page 47."

  97 - The following example instructions will only work
       correctly while in Ideal mode:

       mov al, [100+8]
          and
       mov al, [108]

       The equivalent instructions in MASM mode follow:

       mov al, ds:[100+8]
          and
       mov al, ds:[108]

 135 - In the first paragraph of the section titled "Named
       Memory Locations," the last sentence should read, "The
       LABEL directive is another handy way to name a memory
       location without allocating any storage."

 142 - The sentence at the end of the fourth paragraph should
       read: "...;it also matters when you're converting between
       data sizes and when you're executing conditional jumps."

 146 - In the second paragraph, "first-in" should be "last-in."

 179 - From the first sentence of the fourth paragraph, delete
       this text: "...and considerably less flexible than register
       passing."

 188 - In the second sentence of the last paragraph on the page,
       change "table" to "label."

 212 - Add the following types to the table of EXTRN types in the
       middle of the page:

       DATAPTR           A near or far data pointer depending on
                         the current memory model.

       UNKNOWN           An unknown type.

       <Structure Name>  The name of a user-defined STRUC type.

 220 - Delete the second paragraph on the page: "You'll notice
       ... fields that overflow."

 227 - Delete the first paragraph on this page: "You should ...
       symbol table."

 230 - In the last line of the second paragraph, change the word
       "enabled" to "disabled."

 232 - The last sentence of the first complete paragraph should
       read, "Normally, fields that overflow are not truncated
       (%NOTRUNC)."

 241 - Add the following to the list of conditional error
       directives at the bottom of the page:

       .ERRE, .ERRNZ, .ERRDIFI, .ERRIDNI

 283,285,287,288,290,298,302,310 - Change the case of -s and -b
       to -S and -B, respectively.

 290 - The second line of the last paragraph should read, "80387
       processors, inline assembly that supports the 80286,
       80287, 80386, and 80387."

 304 - The comment in the middle of the page should be

       ; ?debug L 15

 319 - The last line of the third paragraph should be "FILE2.ASM,
       rather than in the FARDATA segment."

 328 - The last sentence of the first paragraph should read,
       "Another convenience is that the labels defined with ARG
       are limited in scope to the procedure they're used in when
       you declare them with the local label prefix (see LOCALS
       in the Reference manual), so you need never worry about
       .... "

 446 - The second sentence of the first paragraph should read,
       "For example, in the following code, when TestStruc is
       created, the first byte of field A is initialized to 1 and
       the first byte of field B is initialized to 2, while the
       second byte of each field is initialized to 20h (a
       space)."

 453 - The word "bytes" in the comments for the example code
       should be "bits."

 455 - The second statement "jnz LoopTop" in the example code
       should be "jnz ShortLoopTop."

 473 - The statement "mov ax, [InitValue]" should be moved after
       the statement "mov es, ax."

 519 - The constant value 800000000h should have one less zero in
       it: 80000000h.

 522 - The constant value 100000000h should have one less zero in
       it: 10000000h.

 531 - The first line of the second paragraph should read, "FCOS
       calculates the cosine of the ST(0) register; FSIN
       calculates the sine."

 543 - The last sentence of the second paragraph should read,
       "The directive works the same in both modes with one
       exception: SYMTYPE will not return a value for an
       undefined identifier. Otherwise, this operator returns the
       types of various symbols."

 553 - The last two sentences of the first paragraph, the modes
       Ideal and MASM are reversed. It should read, "In Ideal
       mode, the PUBLIC .... In MASM mode, because ....".

 580 - The second entry in the index for T should read

       TASM.CFG files 78


  Turbo Assembler Reference Guide
  -------------------------------

  Page

   6 - The first paragraph on the page should read, "The
       following rule applies to predefined symbols starting with
       an at-sign(@): The first letter of each word that makes up
       part of a symbol name is an uppercase letter, except for
       segment-name aliases; the rest of the word is lowercase.
       As an example,

         @FileName
         @WordSize
         @curseg
         @fardata

       Change the predefined symbol entry @Code to @code and the
       example should read:

         mov  ax,@code
         mov  dx,ax
         ASSUME ds:@code

   8 - Change the predefined symbol entry @Data to @data and the
       example should read:

         mov  ax,@data
         mov  ds,ax
         ASSUME ds:@data

   9 - In the first sentence of the Remarks section for
       @DataSize, @DataSize is set to 0 for the tiny model also.

       The example for ??Date should be:

         ASMDATE db ??Date

  10 - Change the predefined symbol entry @FarData to @fardata and the
       example should read:

         mov  ax,@fardata
         mov  ds,ax
         ASSUME ds:@fardata

       Change the predefined symbol entry @FarData? to @fardata? and the
       example should read:

         mov  ax,@fardata?
         mov  ds,ax
         ASSUME ds:@fardata?

  15 - In Table 2.2, add the operator SYMTYPE at the end.

  16 - Add the following sentence to the Remarks section for the
       * operator: "The * operator can also be used between a
       register and a constant, to support 386 addressing modes.

  24 - The example for DWORD should be

         call dword fptr

  27 - The example for HIGH should be

         ; MASM and Ideal modes
         Magic  equ  1234h
                mov  cl, HIGH Magic
                Ideal
         ; Ideal mode only
         Big    DD   12345678h
                mov  ax, [word HIGH Big] ; loads 1234h into AX

  30 - The example for LOW should be

         ; MASM and Ideal modes
         Magic  equ  1234h
                mov  bl, LOW Magic
                Ideal
         ; Ideal mode only
         Big    DD   12345678h
                mov  ax, [word LOW Big] ; loads 5678h into AX

  31 - The example for MASK should be

         stat record a:3,b:4,c:5
         newstat stat <0,2,1>

         mov al, newstat
         and al, MASK b
         mov al, MASK stat

  33 - The example for NEAR should be

         Ideal
    proc farp far
    ; body of procedure
         endp farp

    ; still in same segment
         push cs
         call NEAR farp

  35 - The example for PROC should be

         .model large
         .code
         Ideal
    call proc Test1

         proc Test1

  35 - Add DATAPTR to the list of data types for the PTR
       operator. Also, in MASM mode, the expression to the right
       of PTR can be anything that evaluates to a constant.

  39 - The last paragraph in the Remarks section for the SIZE
       operator should read, "In Ideal mode, SIZE returns the
       byte count within a DUP. To get the byte count of the DUP,
       use LENGTH."

       In the first line of the Remarks section for SMALL, change
       LARGE to SMALL.

  40 - Delete MASM from the Mode description of SYMTYPE.

  41 - Add DATAPTR to the list of data types for the THIS
       operator.

  42 - The example for the .TYPE operator should be

         if (.type ABC) and 3
           assume ds:seg abc
           mov  ax, seg abc
           mov  ds, ax
         endif

  49 - In the % operator, add these lines to the end of the
       second paragraph: "The evaluated expression will be
       represented as a numerical string in the current RADIX.
       Also, a text macro name can be specified after the %,
       causing a full substitution of the text macro body for the
       macro argument."

  53 - Add the % directive, which is a one-line macro that uses
       all current text macros as possible arguments.

  59 - Add the following sentence to the end of the Remarks
       section for the ALIGN directive: "ALIGN generates a
       warning if the segment alignment is not strict enough."

  61 - Add DATAPTR to the list of valid data types in the third
       paragraph.

  62 - The example for the ARG directive should be

         fp   PROC FAR
              ARG SRC:WORD,DEST:WORD = ARGLEN
              push bp
              mov  bp,sp
              mov  di,DEST
              mov  si,SRC
         ;<Procedure body>
              pop  bp
              ret  ARGLEN
          fp  ENDP

  67 - The Syntax description for COMMENT should be

         COMMENT delimiter [text]
         [text]
         delimiter

  69 - Delete the second paragraph of the Remarks section for the
       .CREF directive; .CREF is not used by default.

       The third paragraph should read, "Turbo Assembler includes
       cross-reference information in the listing file as well as
       in a separate .XRF file."

  71 - The first sentence in the Remarks section for the %CTLS
       directive should say that listing-control directives are
       normally *not* listed.

  75 - Add DATAPTR to list of valid data types in the first
       paragraph on the page.

       Change the number in the first bulleted item from
       4,294,967,295 to 2,147,483,647.

  76 - Add DATAPTR to list of valid data types in the second
       paragraph of the Remarks section for DF.

  77 - The DISPLAY directive is available in both MASM and Ideal
       modes.

       You may use the substitute operator inside a string passed
       to the DISPLAY directive. For example,

         MAKE_DATA macro VALUE
                   display "Initializing a byte to: &VALUE&"
                   db VALUE
                   endm

  79 - DP defines a far 48-bit pointer, not 32.

       In DQ, change the numeric range in the first bulleted item
       from -2^64+1 to 2^64-1.

  81 - Add DATAPTR to list of valid data types in the first
       paragraph on the page. Also, the number in the first
       bulleted item on the page should be 32,767, not 65,536.

  87 - The EQU directive is available in both MASM and Ideal
       modes.

  97 - Add the following sentence to the end of the Remarks
       section for the EVEN directive: "A warning is generated
       for the EVEN directive if alignment is not strict enough."

  98 - Add to the Remarks section of EVENDATA: "It even-aligns by
       merely advancing the location counter without emitting
       data, which is useful for uninitialized segments. Also, it
       gives a warning if the segment alignment isn't strict
       enough."

  99 - Add DATAPTR to the list of types in the Remarks section of
       EXTRN. Also each argument of EXTRN accepts the same syntax
       as an argument of ARG or LOCAL.

 103 - Add DATAPTR to the list of types in the Remarks section of
       the GLOBAL directive. Also add to the Remarks section that
       each argument of GLOBAL accepts the same syntax as an
       argument of EXTRN, ARG, or LOCAL.

 117 - Add DATAPTR to list of valid data types in the Remarks
       section for LABEL.

 120 - In the middle of the page, delete the first part of the
       paragraph that begins, "If you have enabled MASM51..", and
       leave "You can use this alternative syntax for each
       localdef."

 121 - Add DATAPTR to the list of valid data types in the first
       paragraph on this page.

 124 - Remove the third bulleted item in the Remarks section for
       the MASM51 directive. The last bulleted item should read,
       "Extended model PROCs are all PUBLIC with a leading
       underscore if the language is C."

 125 - In the fourth line of the fourth paragraph, add the word
       "DATA" between "and" and "segments." Add this phrase to
       the last sentence in the same paragraph: "...if you want
       16-bit segments."

 128 - Add the last three lines in the example for %NEWPAGE to
       MULTERRS.

 129 - Delete the last three lines in the example for %NEWPAGE.

 137 - You may use the substitute operator inside a string passed
       to the %OUT directive. For example,

         MAKE_DATA macro  VALUE
                   %out Initializing a byte to: &VALUE&
                   db VALUE
                   endm

 145 - The example for PROC should be

          READLINE proc near
            ; Body of procedure
          READLINE endp

          call READLINE

 146 - In the Remarks section for %PUSHLCTL, change %WCL to %INCL
       and change %NOWCL to %NOINCL.

 156 - The example for the STRUC directive should be

         Ideal
         model small
         dataseg
         struc B
           B1  DD  0
           B2  DB  ?
         ends

         struc A
           A1  DW  ?
           A2  DD  ?
           binst  B  <>
           struc
             D  DB  "XYZ"
             E  DQ  1.0
           ends
         ends

         ainst  A  <>
         cinst  A  ?
         dinst  A

         codeseg
           mov  al, [ainst.binst.b2]
           mov  al, [ainst.d]
           mov  ax, [word cinst.binst.b1]
         end

 160 - Remove the last paragraph in the Remarks section for
       %TRUNC. Note that %NOTRUNC is the default mode when Turbo
       Assembler starts assembling a file.

 163 - In the table of 80386 32-bit registers, remove EDS and
       EES.

 164 - Add the following to the list of warning identifiers:

       RES - Reserved word warning
       TPI - Turbo Pascal illegal warning
       PQK - Assuming constant for [const] warning
       ALN - Segment alignment

 171 - In the section for mexpr9, add the following:

       o mexpr10

 173 - In the section for expr, capitalize the reserved word
       "symtype."

 191 - Disregard the 'NOTE.' in the middle of the page.

 216 - Remove the second to last paragraph on the page, "By
       default ..."