The Fred Fish Collection 1.5/ffcollection-1-5-1992-11.iso/ff_progs/prog_oth/comal.lzh/COMAL/INFOTEXT/KEYWORDS

Text File | 1991-08-16 | 12.3 KB | 793 lines

This is a quick reference to the built-in AmigaCOMAL keywords.
After each keyword (typed in CAPS to allow you to scan them
quickly) its syntax is shown, followed by at least one example.
Notation used for displaying keyword syntax is a modified form of
Backus-Naur notation, similar to that used by COMAL Today, COMAL
Handbook, and the COMAL Kernal Standard. Generally its rules are:

(a)Normal text not enclosed in < > is typed as shown (you may
          type in caps or lower case regardless of how the text is
          shown).

(b)Items enclosed in < > are supplied by the user. The <> are not
          typed.

(c)Items enclosed in [ ] are optional. If used, do not type the
          [ ].

(d)Items enclosed in { } are optional and may have several
          occurances. If used, do not type the { }.

(e)The | means "or". You choose one or the other of the items
          divided by the |.

(f)All punctuation should be typed as shown, including the ( ).

Remember that the examples given are only example lines, not entire
programs. They often require other COMAL statements to actually
work, such as initialization or procedure and function definitions.

//
  //
  // anything typed here

ABS
  abs(<numeric expression>)
  PRINT abs(standard'number)

ACS
  acs(<numeric expression>)
  temp:=acs(num1+num2)

ALLOCATE
  allocate(<pointer var>[,<num>])
  allocate(new@)

AND
  <expression> AND <expression>
  IF number>0 AND number<100 THEN

APPEND
  OPEN [FILE] <file#>,<filename>,APPEND
  OPEN FILE 2,"test",APPEND

ARGARRAY$
  argarray$(<num>)
  IF argarray$(-1)="CLI" THEN

ARGNUM
  argnum
  IF argnum>0 THEN check'parm

ASN
  asn(<numeric expression>)
  PRINT asn(numb)

AT
  PRINT AT <row>,<col>: [<print list>[<mark>]]
  INPUT AT <row>,<col>[,<len>]:[<prompt>:][<vars>[<mark>]]
  PRINT AT 1,1: "Section number:"; num;
  INPUT AT 10,1,1:"Yes or No? ":reply$

ATN
  atn(<numeric expression>)
  PRINT atn(num1+num2)

AUTO
  AUTO [<start line>][,<increment>]
  AUTO 9000
  AUTO 100,100
  AUTO ,5
  AUTO

BITAND
  <argument> BITAND <argument>
  show(bnum BITAND %00001000)

BITOR
  <argument> BITOR <argument>
  PRINT (bnum BITOR flag)

BITXOR
  <argument> BITXOR <argument>
  bnum=(num1+num2) BITXOR %10000000

BYE
  BYE
  BYE

CASE
  CASE <control expression> [OF]
  CASE reply$ OF
  CASE choice OF

CAT - converted to DIR. See DIR.

CD - a short form of CHDIR. See CHDIR.

CHAIN
  CHAIN <filename>
  CHAIN "menu"

CHANGE
  CHANGE [<line range>] <text1>,<text2>
  CHANGE "zz","printout"

CHDIR
  CHDIR [<string>]
  CHDIR "testprog"
  CHDIR

CHR$
  chr$(<numeric expression>)
  PRINT chr$(num)

CLOSE
  CLOSE [[FILE] <filenum>]
  CLOSE FILE 2
  CLOSE

CLOSED
  PROC <procname>[(params)] [CLOSED]
  FUNC <funcname>[(params)] [CLOSED]
  PROC newpage(header$) CLOSED
  FUNC gcd(n1,n2) CLOSED

CON
  CON
  CON

COPY
  COPY "<source filename>","<destination filename>"
  COPY "test.sav","final.sav"

COS
  cos(<numeric expression>)
  PRINT cos(number)

CREATE
  CREATE <filename>,<# records>,<record size>
  CREATE "names",128,200

CURCOL
  curcol
  column:=curcol

CURROW
  currow
  row:=currow

CURSOR
  CURSOR <line>,<position>
  CURSOR 1,1

DATA
  DATA <value>{,<value>}
  DATA "Sam",134,"Fred",22,"Gloria",46

DATE$
  date$
  PRINT "Year:";date$(1:4)

DEALLOCATE
  deallocate(<pointer var>)
  deallocate(new@)

DEL
  DEL <range>
  DEL 460
  DEL pause

DELETE
  DELETE <filename>
  DELETE "test5.sav"

DIM
  DIM <string var> OF <max char>
  DIM <str array>(<index>) OF <max char>
  DIM <array name>(<index>)
  DIM name$ of 30
  DIM players$(1:4) OF 10
  DIM scores(min:max)

DIR
  DIR [<drive/dir>]
  DIR

DIR$
  dir$
  PRINT dir$

DISCARD
  DISCARD
  DISCARD

DISPLAY
  DISPLAY [<range>] [TO] [<filename>]
  DISPLAY "names.lst"
  DISPLAY init

DIV
  <dividend> DIV <divisor>
  result=guess DIV count

DO : see FOR and WHILE

ELIF
  ELIF <expression> [THEN]
  ELIF reply$ IN "YyNn" THEN

ELSE
  ELSE
  ELSE

END
  END [<message>]
  END  "All Done."

ENDCASE
  ENDCASE
  ENDCASE

ENDFOR
  ENDFOR [<control variable>]
  ENDFOR sides#
  ENDFOR increment

ENDFUNC
  ENDFUNC [<function name>]
  ENDFUNC even

ENDIF
  ENDIF
  ENDIF

ENDLOOP
  ENDLOOP
  ENDLOOP

ENDPROC
  ENDPROC [<procedure name>]
  ENDPROC show'item

ENDRECORD
  ENDRECORD
  ENDRECORD

ENDTRAP
  ENDTRAP
  ENDTRAP

ENDWHILE
  ENDWHILE
  ENDWHILE

ENTER
  ENTER <filename>
  ENTER "testing.lst"

EOD
  eod
  WHILE NOT eod DO

EOF
  eof(<filenum>)
  WHILE NOT eof(infile) DO

ERR
  err
  CASE err OF

ERRFILE
  errfile
  IF errfile=2 THEN

ERRTEXT$
  errtext$[(<num>)]
  PRINT ">>";errtext$;"<<"

ESC
  esc
  TRAP ESC+|-
  IF esc THEN
  TRAP ESC-

EXEC
  [EXEC] <procname>[(<parameter list>)]
  show'item(number)

EXIT
  EXIT [WHEN <condition>]
  EXIT WHEN errors>3

EXP
  exp(<numeric expression>)
  PRINT exp(number)

EXPORT
  EXPORT <var>{,<var>}
  EXPORT riskrate

EXTERNAL
  PROC <name>[(<parms>)][EXTERNAL <file>]
  FUNC <name>[(<parms>)][EXTERNAL <file>]
  FUNC rec'size(name$) EXTERNAL "rec.ext"
  PROC set'up EXTERNAL "setup.ext"

FALSE
  FALSE
  ok:=FALSE

FIELD
  FIELD <string var> OF <max char>
  FIELD <str array>(<index>) OF <max char>
  FIELD <array name>(<index>)
  FIELD <numeric variable name>
  FIELD name$ of 30
  FIELD players$(1:4) OF 10
  FIELD scores(min:max)
  FIELD diskkey#
  FIELD filename!(108)

FILE : see CLOSE, INPUT, OPEN, PRINT, READ, WRITE

FIND
  FIND "<text string>"
  FIND " PROC "

FLOAT
  float(<numeric expression>)
  float(5)

FOR
  FOR <var>:=<#> TO <#> [STEP <#>] DO [<statement>]
  FOR x:=10 TO 1 STEP -1 DO PRINT x
  FOR getin:=1 TO max DO getinput(getin)
  FOR num:=1 TO total DO

FREE
  free
  PRINT free

FREEFILE
  freefile
  editfile:=freefile

FUNC
  FUNC <name>[(<parm>)] [CLOSED]
  FUNC <name>[(<parm>)] EXTERNAL <filename>
  FUNC call'answered EXTERNAL "call"
  FUNC but'first$(text$) CLOSED
  FUNC occurances#(text$,c$)

GET$
  get$(<filenum>,<# of characters>)
  text$=get$(2,16)

GLOBAL
  GLOBAL <var>{,<var>}
  GLOBAL person@,id#,found,press$(),after(,)

GOTO
  GOTO <label name>
  GOTO jail

HANDLER
  HANDLER
  HANDLER

IF
  IF <condition> THEN [<statement>]
  IF reply$ IN "yYnN" THEN

IMPORT
  IMPORT <identifier> {,<identifier>}
  IMPORT running'total

IN
  <string1> IN <string2>
  IF guess$ IN word$ THEN winner

INKEY$
  inkey$
  reply$:=inkey$

INOUT - see SELECT.

INPUT
  INPUT FILE <file#>[,<rec#>]: <var list>
  INPUT [AT <row>,<col>[,<len>]:][<prompt>:]<vars>[<mark>]
  INPUT FILE 2: text$
  INPUT AT 5,2,10:"ZIP CODE: ": zip'code,
  INPUT "Age? ":age
  INPUT reply$

INT
  int(<numeric expression>)
  tally:+int(number)

KEY$
  key$
  WHILE key$<>"c" DO WAIT

LABEL
  [LABEL] <label name>:
  months:

LEN
  len(<string expression>)
  length=len(text$)

LET
  [LET] <var>:=<value> //numeric or string
  [LET] <var>:+<value> //numeric or string - incremental
  [LET] <num var>:-<value> //numeric only - decremental
  count:=5 // assign a variable a value
  name$:="none";sum:=0 // assign several variables separated by ;
  reply$:+mark$ // concatenate mark$ onto end of reply$
  score:-1 // decrement score by 1
  name$(2):="computer" // assign an element of array name$

LINK -- not a keyword, see USE.

LIST
  LIST [<range>] [TO] [<filename>]
  LIST header
  LIST "myprog.lst"
  LIST pause "pause.lst"

LISTPACK
  LISTPACK [<package>]
  LISTPACK
  LISTPACK system

LOAD
  LOAD [<filename>]
  LOAD "menu"

LOG
  log(<numeric expression>)
  PRINT log(number);

LOOP
  LOOP [<num> TIMES [<simple statement>]]
  LOOP 10 TIMES
  LOOP

MAIN
  MAIN
  MAIN

MAKEDIR - converted to MKDIR. See MKDIR.

MAXINDEX
  maxindex(arrayname([,]))
  PRINT maxindex(table())
  firstone=maxindex(scores(,))

MEMWINDOW
  MEMWINDOW+|-
  MEMWINDOW+

MERGE
  MERGE [<line#>[,<increment>]] <filename>
  MERGE "readrec.lst"
  MERGE 580,1 "checkout.lst"

MININDEX
  minindex(arrayname([,]))
  PRINT minindex(table())
  firstone=minindex(scores(,))

MKDIR
  MKDIR <string>
  MKDIR "final"

MOD
  <dividend> MOD <divisor>
  rem16=number MOD 16

NEW
  NEW
  NEW

NEXT : converted to ENDFOR, see ENDFOR

NOT
  NOT <condition>
  IF NOT ok THEN

NULL
  NULL
  NULL

OF : see CASE, DIM and FIELD

OPEN
  OPEN [FILE] <file#>,<filename>,<mode>
  OPEN FILE 2,"scores",READ

OR
  <condition> OR <condition>
  IF reply$<"a" OR reply$>"z" THEN

ORD
  ord(<string expression>)
  a=ord("a")

OTHERWISE
  OTHERWISE
  OTHERWISE

OUTPUT - see SELECT OUTPUT.

PAGE
  PAGE
  PAGE

PASS
  PASS <string>
  PASS "info"

PEEK
  peek(<memory address>)
  device=peek(4839)

PI
  pi
  PRINT "Value of PI is";pi

POINTER
  POINTER <pointer var> [TO <var>]{,<pointer var> [TO <var>]}
  POINTER len%
  POINTER rec'ptr@ TO freezer'article@

POKE
  poke(<memory address>,<contents>)
  poke(4839,13)

PRINT
  PRINT [AT <row>,<col>:] [USING <form>:] <list>[<mark>]
  PRINT [FILE <#>[,<rec>]:][USING <form>:]<list>[<mark>]
  PRINT FILE 2: text$
  PRINT AT 9,1: USING "$###.##": amount

PROC
  PROC <name>[(<parms>)] [CLOSED]
  PROC <name>[(<parms>)] [EXTERNAL <file>]
  PROC readrec(number)
  PROC compare(t1$,t2$) EXTERNAL "comp.ext"

RANDOM
  OPEN FILE <file#>,<filename>,RANDOM <record length>
  OPEN FILE 2,"subs",RANDOM 88

RANDOMIZE
  RANDOMIZE [<seed>]
  RANDOMIZE
  RANDOMIZE 8

READ
  READ [FILE <file#>[,<rec#>]:] <var list>
  OPEN [FILE] <filenum>,<filename>,READ
  READ name$,age
  READ FILE 2,record: name$,adr$,city$,st$
  OPEN FILE 3,filename$,READ

READWRITE
  OPEN [FILE] <num>,<filename$>,READWRITE
  OPEN FILE 3,filename$,READWRITE

RECORD
  RECORD <name>@
  RECORD person@

REF
  REF <var>
  PROC alter(REF text$) CLOSED
  FUNC slide(REF text$)

RENAME
  RENAME <old filename>,<new filename>
  RENAME "temp","final"

RENUM
  RENUM [<target start>][,<increment>]
  RENUM 100
  RENUM ,5
  RENUM 9000,1

REPEAT
  REPEAT
  REPEAT

REPORT
  REPORT [<error code>]
  REPORT
  REPORT 256

RESTORE
  RESTORE [<label>]
  RESTORE month'names
  RESTORE

RETRY
  RETRY
  RETRY

RETURN
  RETURN [<value>]
  RETURN TRUE
  RETURN text$

RND
  rnd [(<start num>,<end num>)]
  dice=rnd(1,6)+rnd(1,6)

ROUND
  round(<numeric expression>)
  print round(total)

RUN
  RUN [<filename>]
  RUN
  RUN "menu"

RUNWINDOW
  RUNWINDOW+|-
  RUNWINDOW+

SAVE
  SAVE <filename>
  SAVE "zombies"

SCAN
  SCAN
  SCAN

SELECT
  SELECT <direction> <type>
  SELECT OUTPUT loc$
  SELECT INPUT infile$
  SELECT INOUT "sp:"

SGN
  sgn(<numeric expression>)
  flag=sgn(number)

SIN
  sin(<numeric expression>)
  plot(sin(num),y)

SIZE
  SIZE
  SIZE

SPC$
  spc$(<number of spaces>)
  PRINT spc$(39)

SQR
  sqr(<numeric expression>)
  root=sqr(number)

STEP
  STEP <numeric expression>
  FOR x=1 TO max STEP 2 DO

STEP
  STEP
  STEP

STOP
  STOP [<message>]
  STOP "now inside PROC remove'blank"

STR$
  str$(<number>)
  zip$=str$(number)

TAB
  TAB(<column number>)
  PRINT TAB(col), name$

TAN
  tan(<numeric expression>)
  PRINT tan(number)

THEN
  THEN
  IF NOT ok THEN RETURN FALSE
  ELIF errors>3 THEN

TIME$
  time$
  PRINT time$

TIMER
  timer
  starting=timer

TIMER
  TIMER <num>
  TIMER 0

TO
  <start num> TO <end num>
  FOR x:=1 TO 4 DO

TRACE
  TRACE[+|-]
  TRACE-
  TRACE+
  TRACE

TRAP
  TRAP
  TRAP

TRAP ESC
  TRAP ESC+|-
  TRAP ESC- // disable stop/break key
  TRAP ESC+ // enable stop/break key

TRUE
  TRUE
  RETURN TRUE

UNIT
  UNIT [<string expression>]
  UNIT data'drive$

UNIT$
  unit$
  current$:=unit$

UNTIL
  UNTIL <condition>
  UNTIL reply$="q"

USE
  USE <package> [FROM <directory$>]
  USE system
  USE system FROM "AmigaCOMAL:"

USING
  PRINT [AT <row>,<col>: ]USING <format$>: <var list>
  PRINT USING "##> $###.##": x, cash(x)
  PRINT AT 8,5: USING "##": item

VAL
  val(<numeric string>)
  age=val(reply$)

VARSIZE
  varsize(<var>)
  temp:=varsize(name$)

WAIT
  WAIT [<num>]
  WAIT 2
  WAIT

WHEN
  WHEN <list of values>
  WHEN "Jan","jan"
  WHEN 1,2

WHILE
  WHILE <expression> [DO] [<statement>]
  WHILE NOT EOF(infile) DO process
  WHILE errors<3 DO

WRITE
  WRITE FILE <file#>[,<rec#>]:<var>
  OPEN [FILE] <filenum>,<filename>,WRITE
  WRITE FILE 2: name$
  OPEN FILE 3,"scores",WRITE

ZONE
  ZONE [<tab interval>]
  ZONE 5
  z:=ZONE