ftp.update.uu.se/ftp.update.uu.se.2014.03.zip/ftp.update.uu.se/pub/rainbow/cpm/misc2/lu.hlp

Text File | 1994-09-07 | 23KB | 512 lines

INTRODUCTION TO THE LU (LIBRARY ARCHIVE) UTILITY
HOW TO USE THE LU (LIBRARY) UTILITY
ADVANCED FEATURES
CAUTIONS USING THE LU UTILITY
THE LRUN COMMAND
:INTRODUCTION TO THE LU LIBRARY (ARCHIVE) UTILITY

Documentation for LU.COM and LRUN.COM

Thi≤  documen⌠ applie≤ t∩ versioε 1.1░ oµ LU.CO═ anΣ versioε 1.░ ì
oµ LRUN.COM.

Copyright (c) 1982 Gary P. Novosielski
All rights reserved.

Permissioεá  i≤á  hereb∙  granteΣ  t∩ cop∙ anΣá distributσá thi≤ ì
documen⌠á  fo≥á  an∙  non-commercia∞  purpose«á An∙ usσ oµá thi≤ ì
materia∞á  fo≥á  commercia∞  advantagσ  withou⌠á  prio≥á writteε ì
consen⌠ oµ thσ autho≥ i≤ prohibited.


                        INTRODUCTION

Lubrar∙á  Utilit∙á  (LU⌐  i≤  ß  prograφ t∩ allo≈á combininτá oµ ì
multilplσ  file≤  int∩  onσ  large≥  file«

I⌠á require≤ CP/═ versioε  2.░  o≥  highe≥  t∩á  run«á  L╒á  wa≤  ì
developeΣ a≤ aε alternativσ  t∩  thσ excellen⌠ ARCHIV┼ serie≤ oµ ì
program≤ b∙ Michae∞ Rubenstein«

Thσ majo≥ difference≤ are:

L╒á  wa≤á writteεá mostl∙á iε thσ BD╙ implementatioεá oµá thσá ├  ì
language¼á  witΦá substantia∞ reductioε oµ objec⌠ codσá sizσá a≤  ì
compareΣ  witΦ  thσ  ARCHIV┼ programs« Thσ add¼ extract¼ delete¼  ì
list/map¼á anΣá reorganizσá function≤á arσ al∞ combineΣá iεá onσ ì
objec⌠ prograφ oµ les≤ thaε 20k.

Thσá director∙á informatioε i≤ storeΣ iε thσ samσá filσá a≤á thσ  ì
data¼á  o≥á  membe≥á  files«á  Thσá  amoun⌠á  oµá  spacσá t∩á bσ ì
allocateΣá  t∩á  thσ  director∙  mus⌠ bσ specifieΣ b∙á thσá use≥ ì
wheεá  ßá  ne≈ librar∙ i≤ created¼á bu⌠ caε bσ changeΣ wheεá thσ ì
filσá  i≤ reorganized«á Thσ sizσ oµ eacΦ director∙ entr∙á i≤á 3▓ ì
bytes¼á  whicΦá  mean≤á eacΦ fou≥ director∙ entrie≤ takσ u≡á onσ ì
secto≥á  oµ thσ librar∙ file«

Currentl∙ onl∙ 1╢ byte≤ oµ eacΦ entr∙  arσ  used¼  witΦ 1╢ byte≤ ì
beinτ reserveΣ fo≥ usσ witΦ possiblσ  futurσá enhancements«á Thσ ì
director∙á itselµ use≤ onσ entr∙  fo≥  contro∞  information¼á s∩ ì
thσá numbe≥á oµ director∙ sector≤  needeΣ  fo≥  ß librar∙á oµá φ ì
member≤ i≤ (φ ½ 1⌐ » 4¼ roundeΣ u≡ t∩ thσ nex⌠ wholσ number.

Thσá  use≥á neeΣá no⌠á bσá concerneΣá witΦá thi≤á discussioεá a≤ ì
director∙á  sizσ  i≤ calculateΣ b∙ thσá program«á Al∞á director∙ ì
size≤á  arσá  inpu⌠ anΣ outpu⌠ iε term≤ oµ entries¼á eacΦá entr∙ ì
beinτá ß potentia∞ membe≥ file«á Thσ prograφá adjust≤á director∙ ì
sizσ t∩ aε integra∞ numbe≥ oµ sectors.

LRUN.CO═á  i≤  ß  smal∞ (1▓ sector⌐ prograφ whicΦ allow≤ runninτ  ì
ßá  .CO═á (objec⌠ code⌐ filσ membe≥ directl∙ froφá an∙á library¼  ì
withou⌠  havinτ  t∩  extrac⌠ i⌠ t∩ ß separatσ disδ file.

                     WHY USE LIBRARIES?

First¼á  ßá librar∙á filσ usuall∙ take≤ u≡ les≤ spacσá thaεá thσ ì
tota∞á oµ thσ individua∞ membe≥ file≤ whicΦ wen⌠á int∩á it«á Thσ  ì
reasoεá  fo≥á  thi≤  i≤ tha⌠ CP/═ allocate≤ disδ spacσ iεá fixeΣ  ì
block≤  o≥ groups¼ typicall∙ 2δ byte≤ each« An∙ spacσ afte≥  thσ  ì
las⌠á  secto≥á  oµ  ß filσ u≡ t∩ thσ nex⌠ 2δ blocδá boundr∙á  i≤ ì
wasted«á Thσá samσá file≤ iε ß librar∙ usσ onl∙á thσá numbe≥á oµ ì
sector≤á the∙ actuall∙ need¼á anΣ thougΦ thσ librar∙ itselµ  ma∙  ì
havσ  ß  partiall∙ wasteΣ blocδ a⌠ thσ end¼á anΣ require≤   somσ  ì
spacσ  fo≥  director∙  informatioε  a⌠  thσ beginning¼  thσ  ne⌠  ì
effec⌠  i≤  usuall∙  ß savinτ oµ tota∞ space«  Thσ  bes⌠ result≤ ì
arσ seeε wheε man∙ smal∞ file≤ arσ combineΣ int∩ onσ library.

Second¼á  ßá librar∙ filσ make≤ mos⌠ efficien⌠ usσ oµá thσá CP/═ ì
disδ directory¼ sincσ i⌠ i≤ treateΣ a≤ onl∙ onσ filσ by
CP/M regardless of how many members it contains.

Third¼  librarie≤  caε  aiΣ iε transferrinτ package≤ oµ softwarσ  ì
froφá  onσá systeφ t∩ anothe≥ usinτ XMODEM«á Onl∙ onσá filσá  i≤ ì
transferred¼á eliminatinτá thσá neeΣ t∩ ruε thσ XMODE═á transfe≥  ì
prograφ severa∞ times¼ thσ chancσ oµ overlookinτ ß needeΣ  file¼ ì
anΣá thσ problem≤ oµ naminτ conflicts¼á (sucΦ a≤ READ.M┼á files⌐ ì
amonτ unrelateΣ packages.


                   WHY NOT USE LIBRARIES?

Therσá   arσá  somσá  ver∙á  gooΣá  reason≤á  fo≥á  no⌠áá  usinτ ì
libraries.

Fo≥ onσ thing¼ file≤ withiε ß librar∙ arσ no⌠ availablσ t∩  mos⌠ ì
"normalóá programs«á Iµ ß frequentl∙ accesseΣ filσ i≤ placeΣ  iε  ì
ßá library¼á i⌠ wil∞ havσ t∩ bσ extracteΣ froφ thσá librar∙á  t∩  ì
it≤á  free-standinτá counterpar⌠á beforσ i⌠ caε bσ useΣá  b∙á  ß  ì
program«á (.CO═ file≤ arσ ß notablσ exceptioε t∩ this¼á  becausσ  ì
oµ  thσ  availabilit∙  oµ  thσ LRU╬ command,
covered later.)

Librarie≤  caε  actuall∙  wastσ disδ space« Wheε ß disδ filσ  i≤ ì
erased¼á CP/═á return≤á thσ spacσ formerl∙ useΣ b∙ thσ filσá  t∩  ì
thσ  freσ  spacσ poo∞ fo≥ usσ b∙ ne≈ files«á Wheε ß membe≥  filσ  ì
i≤á  deleteΣá  froφá ß librar∙á however¼á thσá spacσá previousl∙  ì
occupieΣá b∙á thσá filσ i≤ no⌠ useable«á Thσá librar∙á mus⌠á  bσ  ì
reorganizeΣ  t∩ makσ thi≤ spacσ availablσ t∩ CP/M«á Whilσá  thi≤  ì
i≤  eas∙  t∩  d∩ witΦ thσ L╒ command¼á i⌠ i≤ no⌠ automatic¼  anΣ  ì
iµ thσ situatioε i≤ ignored¼á largσ area≤ oµ disδ caε bσ tieΣ u≡ ì
a≤ unproductivσ "deaΣ space".
:HOW TO USE THE LU (LIBRARY) UTILITY

L╒á ha≤á tw∩á basiπá method≤á oµá operation║áá interactive¼á anΣ ì
paramete≥  driven« Usσ oµ thσ interactivσ methoΣ i≤ probabl∙ thσ  ì
bes⌠ wa∙ t∩ ge⌠ t∩ kno≈ thσ program¼á becausσ thσ effec⌠ oµ eacΦ ì
actioε caε bσ immediatle∙ seen.

T∩  star⌠ aε interactivσ librar∙ maintenancσ session¼á jus⌠ typσ  ì
L╒á  oεá  thσ  commanΣ linσ witΦ n∩ parameter≤ afte≥á it«á Afte≥  ì
yo⌡  arσ  familia≥  witΦ thσ program¼á yo⌡ caε specif∙á multiplσ ì
paramter≤á oε thσ commanΣ linσ anΣ L╒ wil∞ worδ witΦ littlσá  o≥ ì
n∩ intervention«á Inpu⌠ froφ disδ files¼ ├ prograφ "pipes"¼  anΣ  ì
thσáá XSU┬á facilit∙á arσá als∩á supporteΣá fo≥á morσáá advanceΣ ì
applications.

Al∞á  thσ  method≤  makσ  usσ oµ simila≥ syntax«á CommanΣá inpu⌠  ì
take≤ tw∩ forms║á operator≤ (sometime≤ calleΣ tags¼á o≥ options⌐ ì
anΣ operands.

Aεá  operato≥á  i≤  defineΣ  a≤  an∙ tw∩ characte≥ strinτá wherσ  ì
thσá  firs⌠á  characte≥á i≤ ß minu≤á sign«á Operator≤á tel∞á thσ  ì
prograφ wha⌠ t∩ do«á ValiΣ operator≤ arσ -a¼ -d¼ -e¼ -l¼ -o¼ anΣ ì
-r« Anythinτ elsσ witΦ ß simila≥ forφ i≤ aε operato≥ too¼ bu⌠ aε ì
invaliΣ one.

Operand≤á  arσ  everythinτ  else«á Normally¼á operand≤ arσá filσ ì
name≤ whicΦ yo⌡ wan⌠ t∩ adΣ to¼á deletσ from¼ o≥ extrac⌠ froφ  ß  ì
librar∙  file¼  o≥ arσ name≤ oµ librar∙ file≤ t∩ bσ opened« The∙ ì
ma∙ contaiε thσ character≤ ¬ o≥ ┐á iε whicΦ casσ the∙ arσ calleΣ ì
ambiguou≤ operands«

Somσ valiΣ operand≤ are:

     foo.bar
     :test.fil
     z
     *.*
     comm?nd

T∩á  refe≥á t∩ ß filσ nameΣ "-zó thσ operanΣ woulΣ havσá t∩á  bσ  ì
entereΣá a≤ "-z.ó witΦ thσ period¼á sincσ otherwisσ i⌠ woulΣá bσ ì
mistakeε a≤ aε invaliΣ operator.

Wha⌠  actioε  i≤ takeε upoε thσ filσ depend≤ upoε whicΦ operato≥  ì
mos⌠  recentl∙  precedeΣ  it«á  Iµ  n∩ operato≥ wa≤ entered¼  o≥  ì
aε invaliΣ one¼á o≥ onσ tha⌠ take≤ n∩ operands¼ thσ operanΣ wil∞ ì
bσ ignored.

Wheεá runninτá interactively¼á L╒ prompt≤ fo≥ eacΦá operanΣá anΣ  ì
operator¼á  onσ pe≥ inpu⌠ line« Multiplσ input≤ pe≥ linσ arσ no⌠ ì
alloweΣ usinτ thσ interactivσ method.

Thσ  promp⌠  yo⌡  wil∞  seσ  i≤ thσ namσ oµ thσ curren⌠ operato≥  ì
followeΣá  b∙á  ßá  ">óá character¼áá fo≥á examplσá "-E>"«á Thi≤  ì
indicate≤ tha⌠ thσ -σ operato≥ i≤ iε effect¼á anΣ iµ aεá operanΣ  ì
i≤  entereΣ i⌠ wil∞ bσ interpreteΣ a≤ thσ namσ oµ ß membe≥  filσ  ì
t∩á  bσ  ExtracteΣ  froφ  thσ library«

Wheεá thσ prograφ  firs⌠ start≤ up¼á thσ promp⌠ i≤á "-?>óá whicΦ ì
mean≤ n∩ operato≥  i≤  currentl∙  iε  effect«  Iε thi≤ case¼ thσ ì
onl∙ valiΣ inpu⌠ i≤ aε operator« An∙ operanΣ wil∞ bσ ignored.


SUMMARY OF OPERATORS

-a   adΣá  file≤  t∩  library«á  -ß  cause≤ thσ promp⌠ t∩ changσ  ì
ááááát∩á  -A╛á whicΦ wil∞ theε accep⌠ a≤ operand≤ thσá name≤á oµ  ì
áááááfile≤á  t∩  bσ  addeΣ t∩ thσ opeε library«á (Iµ n∩á librar∙ ì
ááááánamσá  ha≤á  beeεá  openeΣ  witΦá  thσá  -∩á operator¼á thσ ì
ááááádefaul⌠á librar∙  LIBRARY.LB╥  i≤  alway≤  useΣá  instead.⌐  ì
áááááAmbiguou≤á operand≤  matcΦ  al∞  disδ  file≤ whicΦá qualif∙ ì
áááááaccordinτ t∩ norma∞  CP/═  wild-carΣ  conventions¼á  excep⌠  ì
áááááthosσáá  witΦáá ßá filetypσáá oµáá .LBR«áá Explici⌠áá drivσ ì
áááááspecificatioεá oεá aεá operanΣá cause≤  tha⌠á drivσá t∩á bσ ì
ááááásearcheΣ fo≥ thσ file(s⌐ insteaΣ oµ thσ curren⌠ drive.

-dááádeletσ file≤ froφ library«á -Σ cause≤ thσ promp⌠ t∩á changσ  ì
ááááát∩á  -D╛  whicΦ  accept≤ name≤ oµ file≤ t∩ bσ deleteΣá froφ  ì
áááááthσá  opeεá  library«á  Ambiguou≤  name≤ matcΦá al∞á membe≥ ì
áááááfile≤á  whicΦ  qualify«á  Drivσ specification≤ oεá operand≤ ì
áááááarσáá ignored¼áá   sincσáá   thσá  librar∙á  member≤áá  arσ  ì
áááááobviousl∙  oε  whicheve≥ drivσ contain≤ thσ opeε library.

-eáááextrac⌠á  file≤á  froφ library«á -σ cause≤á thσá promp⌠á t∩ ì
áááááchangσá t∩ -E╛ whicΦ accept≤ name≤ oµ librar∙ membe≥á file≤ ì
ááááát∩áá   bσá   extracteΣá  t∩á  norma∞á  free-standinτá  CP/═  ì
áááááfiles«á Ambiguou≤á  name≤á matcΦá al∞á membe≥á file≤á whicΦ ì
áááááqualify«á Drivσ specificatioε  oε ß membe≥ namσ cause≤á thσ ì
áááááoutpu⌠ filσ t∩ bσ placeΣ oε thσ specifieΣ drivσ rathe≥ thaε ì
áááááthσ curren⌠ drive« An∙  existinτ  filσ  witΦ  thσ samσ namσ ì
áááááwil∞á bσ overwritteε unles≤  i⌠  i≤ protecteΣ b∙ virtuσá oµ ì
áááááit≤ Read/Onl∙ flaτ bi⌠ beinτ set.

-lááális⌠  curren⌠ librar∙ map«á -∞ cause≤ thσ director∙ oµ  thσ  ì
ááááácurren⌠  librar∙  t∩  bσ listeΣ oε thσ console«á Thσ membe≥  ì
áááááname≤á  arσá  displayed¼á  alonτá  witΦá  thei≥á index¼á o≥ ì
ááááástartinτá  positioε  withiε  thσ  library¼á  anΣ thei≥ sizσ ì
áááááiεá sectors«á  Also¼á informatioεá i≤ displayeΣá abou⌠á thσ ì
ááááánumbe≥ oµ sector≤  iε  thσ  library¼  anΣ  ho≈  mucΦ space¼ ì
ááááái≤á useΣá o≥á unuseΣá  (wasted)«áá  Informatioεá  i≤á  als∩ ì
ááááádisplayeΣ abou⌠ thσ numbe≥ oµ entrie≤ iε thσ directory¼ anΣ ì
áááááho≈á man∙ arσ active¼á  deleted¼á  o≥  freσ fo≥á use«á Thi≤ ì
áááááhelp≤á determinσá whethe≥ thσ librar∙  need≤á  t∩á  bσá re-ì
áááááorganizeΣá t∩ freσ unuseΣ spacσ anΣ deleteΣ  entries«á  Thσ  ì
áááááoperato≥á  -∞ expect≤ n∩ operands¼á s∩ afte≥  thσá lis⌠á i≤ ì
ááááádisplayed¼á thσá promp⌠á change≤ bacδ t∩ -?╛  fo≥ entr∙á oµ ì
áááááanothe≥ operator.

-oáááopeεá  ßá library«á -∩ cause≤ thσ promp⌠ t∩ changσá t∩á -O╛  ì
áááááwhicΦ  accept≤  thσ namσ oµ ß librar∙ filσ t∩ bσ openeΣ fo≥  ì
áááááusσá  witΦ  subsequen⌠  operators«á Iµ anothe≥á librar∙á i≤ ì
áááááalread∙á  open¼á  i⌠  i≤ closeΣ first«

áááááIµ thσ ne≈ librar∙ doe≤ no⌠  exist¼á i⌠ i≤ createΣ witΦá aε ì
áááááempt∙ directory«á Ambiguou≤ name≤  arσ  no⌠ allowed«á Drivσ ì
áááááspecificatioεáá i≤á allowed«áá Thσá filσá  typσá  ma∙áá  bσ ì
áááááspecified¼áá bu⌠áá default≤á t∩á .LB╥á whicΦá i≤á  strongl∙ ì
ááááásuggesteΣ a≤ thσ filσ typσ fo≥ al∞ librar∙ files.

áááááYo⌡á  wil∞á  recal∞ tha⌠ file≤ oµ typσ -ßá (add⌐á operator« ì
áááááThi≤á  prevent≤  librarie≤  froφ  beinτ accidentall∙á addeΣ ì
ááááát∩á othe≥  libraries¼á  o≥  t∩ themselves╗á ß situatioε no⌠ ì
áááááunlikσ tryinτ  t∩  drivσ  ß  trucδ u≡ it≤ owε tailpipe«á Iµ ì
áááááfo≥ somσ reasoε  yo⌡ wan⌠ t∩ adΣ onσ librar∙ t∩ another¼ bσ ì
ááááám∙á guest¼á bu⌠á  yo⌡  wil∞  havσ  t∩  specif∙á  thσá  namσ  ì
áááááwithou⌠ ¬ o≥ ┐ character≤ wheε addinτ it.

-ráááreorganizσ  library«á  -≥ cause≤ thσ currentl∙ opeε librar∙  ì
ááááát∩á  bσ  reorganized«á First¼á thσ director∙ i≤ sorteΣ int∩  ì
áááááalphabetica∞á  order¼á  anΣá  theε al∞ activσá member≤á arσ ì
ááááácopieΣá  t∩á  ßá  worδ  librar∙  whicΦá i≤á openeΣá oεá thσ ì
ááááácurren⌠ drive¼ no⌠ necessaril∙ thσ drivσ containinτ thσ olΣ ì
ááááálibrary«

áááááThσá  use≥á  ma∙ specif∙ ß differen⌠ numbe≥ oµ entrie≤á fo≥ ì
áááááthσá worδá  librar∙á  iµá  i⌠ i≤á necessar∙á t∩á expanΣá o≥ ì
ááááácompres≤ thσ directory«á Thσ director∙ wil∞ alway≤ bσá madσ ì
ááááálargσá enougΦ t∩  contaiε al∞ thσ activσ member≤ oµ thσ olΣ ì
ááááálibrary¼á s∩ ß sizσ oµ  ▒  ma∙  bσ  specifieΣ  t∩ makσá thσ ì
ááááádirector∙á a≤ smal∞ a≤ possible«á (Seσ Specifyinτ Director∙ ì
áááááSize≤ below.)

áááááWheεá  reorganizatioεá  i≤  complete¼á  thσ olΣ librar∙á i≤ ì
ááááádeleteΣá  anΣ  thσ worδ librar∙ i≤ renameΣ t∩ thσá namσá oµ ì
áááááthσ olΣ   library«á   N∩  backu≡  cop∙  i≤  retained«á  Thσ  ì
ááááánewl∙á reorganizeΣá  librar∙  remain≤  opeε  fo≥á usσá witΦ ì
ááááásubsequen⌠  operations.

áááááWheneve≥ thσ prograφ i≤ promptinτ fo≥ aεá operand¼á anothe≥ ì
áááááoperato≥á  ma∙á bσ entereΣ insteaΣ t∩ changσ thσ statu≤á oµ ì
áááááthσ prompt«á T∩ enΣ aε interactivσ session¼á ente≥ ßá blanδ ì
ááááálinσ a⌠  thσ prompt.


SPECIFYING DIRECTORY SIZE

Wheneve≥á  aεá  olΣá librar∙ i≤ opened¼á thσ director∙á sizσá i≤ ì
displayeΣ a≤ follows:

     Old library LIBRARY.LBR has 32 entries, 5 free.

Thi≤á  mean≤á tha⌠á ╡á morσ member≤á ma∙á bσá addeΣá beforσá thσ ì
director∙á  become≤  full«á  Wheε  thσ  director∙  i≤á full¼á -ß ì
become≤á  aεá  invaliΣ  operator¼á  anΣ  thσ  librar∙  mus⌠á  bσ ì
reorganizeΣ t∩ adΣ an∙ morσ members.

Wheεá  ßá librar∙ i≤ createΣ fo≥ thσ firs⌠á time¼á thσá use≥á i≤ ì
prompteΣ likσ this:

     New library COMMAND.LBR. Allow how many entries?_

An∙á numbe≥á froφá ▒ t∩ 6553╡ i≤ valid«á Thσ actua∞á maximuφá i≤  ì
determineΣ b∙ thσ amoun⌠ oµ freσ memor∙ availablσ oε thσá systeφ ì
iεá use«á Director∙á sizσ wil∞ bσ roundeΣ u≡ t∩ thσá nex⌠á wholσ  ì
secto≥  necessar∙  t∩  contaiε  thσ numbe≥ oµ entrie≤ requested«  ì
Thi≤á  numbe≥á  wil∞á  remaiε  iε  effec⌠ unti∞ thσá librar∙á i≤ ì
reorganized«á Sincσá thσ director∙ itselµ count≤ a≤á aεá  entry¼  ì
onσá entr∙ i≤ addeΣ t∩ whateve≥ i≤ entereΣ beforσ thσ  sizσá  i≤  ì
calculated«á  Thereforσá jus⌠ ente≥ thσ maximuφ numbe≥ oµ membe≥ ì
file≤ yo⌡ wan⌠ thσ librar∙ t∩ bσ capablσ of holding.

Thσ  maximuφ numbe≥ oµ membe≥ file≤ i≤ als∩ constraineΣ b∙á  thσ  ì
amoun⌠á  oµ  availablσ  disδ space«á Iµ durinτ aε adΣá operatioε  ì
thσá disδá spacσá run≤á out¼á thσá namσá i≤á no⌠á addeΣá t∩á thσ  ì
directory«á  Iµá ßá multiplσá adΣá i≤ iεá progress¼á duσá t∩á aε ì
ambiguou≤á  operand¼á thσ remaininτ qualifyinτ file≤á arσá stil∞ ì
addeΣ  iµ possible« Iµ an∙ oµ theφ i≤ smal∞ enougΦ t∩ fi⌠ iε thσ  ì
remaininτá  disδ space¼á i⌠ wil∞ bσ added«á Iµ an∙ sector≤á werσ  ì
writteεá  b∙á  aε  adΣ attempt¼á anΣ theε neve≥á utilized¼á the∙  ì
remaiεá  a≤á  unuseΣá  sectors¼áá anΣá thσá librar∙á shoulΣáá bσ ì
reorganized.

PARAMETER DRIVEN METHOD

Al∞á oµá thσá informatioε needeΣ fo≥ ß maintenancσá ruεá ma∙á bσ ì
specifieΣá oε thσ commanΣ line«á Thσ operator≤ anΣ operand≤á arσ  ì
entered¼á separateΣá b∙ spaces¼á afte≥ thσ L╒ command¼á anΣá thσ ì
operation≤ wil∞ takσ placσ withou⌠ consolσ intervention¼á excep⌠  ì
iεá  thσ  casσ  wherσ  thσ  director∙  sizσ fo≥ ß ne≈ librar∙ i≤ ì
requested«

     Thσ synta° is:

     LU <opr> [<opd> [<opd> ...]] [<opr> [<opd> ...]...

     where square brackets indicate optional parameters, and:
     <opr> is any operator.
     <opd> is any operand.
     ...   indicates  that the preceding parameter may occur
           multiple times.

An∙á  name≤á  occurrinτá  prio≥á  t∩á thσá firs⌠á operator¼áá o≥ ì
followinτá  aε  operato≥  whicΦ doe≤ no⌠á expec⌠á operands¼á arσ ì
ignored.
:ADVANCED FEATURES

Inpu⌠  froφ  BD╙ ├ "pipesó o≥ ordinar∙ sequentia∞ file≤ i≤  als∩  ì
possible«áá Thσá filenamσá i≤á specifieΣá oεá thσá commanΣá linσ  ì
precedeΣ  b∙ ß "<ó characte≥ anΣ n∩ interveninτ blank.

Example:

      LU <CONSOL.DUP

read≤ thσ content≤ oµ thσ filσ CONSOL.DU╨ anΣ use≤ eacΦ linσ  oµ  ì
thσá  filσ  a≤  iµ  i⌠ haΣ beeε typeΣ a⌠ thσ norma∞ consolσ   b∙  ì
thσá  interactivσ  method«á  Iε  thi≤  case¼á  n∩ operator≤á  o≥  ì
operand≤á  ma∙á  bσá present«áá Consolσá outpu⌠á ma∙á als∩áá  bσ  ì
redirecteΣ  b∙  specifyinτ  aε  outpu⌠ filσ oε thσ commanΣ  linσ  ì
afte≥  thσ  characte≥  ">"«á  Thi≤  applie≤ t∩ paramete≥  driveε ì
a≤ wel∞ a≤ interactivσ (includinτ "piped"⌐ input«

Examples:

     LU -O SPECIAL -A ZOT.COM >LOGFILE.OUT

woulΣá adΣá  thσá filσ zot.coφ t∩ thσá librar∙á special.lb≥á anΣ  ì
writσá  thσá consolσ outpu⌠ t∩ ß filσá calleΣá logfile.out«á thσ  ì
locatioεá oµá thσá outpu⌠ namσ oε thσ linσ doe≤ no⌠á matte≥á anΣ  ì
excep⌠  fo≥ turninτ oε redirecteΣ output¼á i⌠ i≤ ignoreΣ b∙á al∞ ì
operators.

     LU <BATCH.IN >B:RECORD.DOC

woulΣá  takσá interactivσá command≤ froφ thσ filσá batch.iεá anΣ  ì
writσ  consolσ  outpu⌠  t∩  ß filσ calleΣ record.doπ oε drivσ B.

Normally¼á  consolσá  filσ  outpu⌠  i≤ als∩ echoeΣ oεá thσá rea∞  ì
console¼  excep⌠  wheε inpu⌠ i≤ als∩ redirected¼ a≤ iε thσ  las⌠ ì
example«

T∩á forcσá visiblσá consolσ outpu⌠ wheεá botΦá aεá  inpu⌠á   anΣ  ì
outpu⌠á  filσá  arσ  used¼á  thσ  ">ó characte≥á precedinτá  thσ   ì
outpu⌠  filσ  namσ  ma∙  bσ changeΣ t∩ ß "+ó instead:

     LU +RECORD.DOC <BATCH.IN

woulΣá  havσ  thσ  samσ  effec⌠ a≤ thσ previou≤ example¼á excep⌠  ì
tha⌠  messagσ  outpu⌠  woulΣ  als∩ bσ visiblσ oε thσ console.
:CAUTIONS USING THE LU UTILITY

Thσ  importancσ  oµ  keepinτ  backu≡  copie≤ oµ al∞ disδá files¼  ì
anΣ  especiall∙ libraries¼á canno⌠ bσ overemphasized«á B∙  usinτ  ì
librar∙ files¼á thσ use≥ i≤ exposeΣ t∩ thσ dreadeΣ all-the-eggs-ì
in-one-baske⌠  syndrome«á  Tha⌠ is¼ iµ somethinτ happen≤  t∩ thσ ì
librar∙á file¼á particularl∙ thσ directory¼á i⌠ ma∙  bσá  beyonΣ  ì
thσá  capabilitie≤  oµ eveε ß CP/═ wizarΣ t∩ restorσ thσá membe≥ ì
files«á Thσá situatioεá i≤ madσ particularl∙ stick∙ b∙ thσá fac⌠ ì
tha⌠á thσ thσ director∙ mus⌠ bσ updateΣ iε placσ a≤ member≤á arσ ì
addeΣ o≥ deleted.

Precaution≤á  havσá beeε takeε t∩ minimizσ thi≤á risk«á Fo≥á onσ  ì
thing¼á  thσ  director∙  i≤  reaΣ  int∩  memor∙ wheε thσ librar∙  ì
i≤á  firs⌠á  opened¼á  anΣ  i≤ onl∙ writteε bacδ iµá i⌠á differ≤  ì
froφá  thσá  cop∙  oε  thσ  disδ  wheε thσá librar∙á i≤á closed«  ì
Operation≤á  whicΦ  changσ  thσ director∙á are║á adds¼á deletes¼  ì
anΣáá  thσáá  sor⌠áá  operatioεáá  whicΦáá  i≤áá  donσáá  beforσ ì
reorganization«á   Iµá   onl∙á   extract≤   (o≥   LRU╬á  prograφ ì
executions⌐  arσ done¼ thσ director∙ i≤ neve≥ rewritten¼ anΣ thσ ì
.LB╥ filσ ma∙ bσ writσ protecteΣ iµ desired.

Fo≥á  anothe≥á  thing¼áá  thσá  entirσá  empt∙á  director∙áá  i≤ ì
allocateΣá  anΣá  writteε  t∩ disδ wheε ß ne≈ librar∙á i≤á firs⌠ ì
created«á Thi≤ insure≤ tha⌠ therσ wil∞ alway≤ bσ enougΦ spacσ oε ì
disδá fo≥ thσ numbe≥ oµ director∙ entrie≤ requesteΣ a⌠ thσá timσ  ì
oµá  creation«á  Thσá disδ spacσ ma∙ ruε ou⌠ whilσ addinτá file≤ ì
later¼á bu⌠á therσ wil∞ alway≤ bσ enougΦ rooφ oε disδ t∩á updatσ ì
thσ director∙ oncσ i⌠ i≤ successfull∙ created.

Thσ  fac⌠ tha⌠ onl∙ thσ memor∙ cop∙ oµ thσ director∙ i≤ modifieΣ  ì
unti∞á thσá filσá i≤á closeΣá ma∙ comσá iεá ver∙á hand∙á iµá yo⌡  ì
mistakenl∙á  deletσá  ß filσ anΣ recognizσ i⌠á righ⌠á away«á Fo≥  ì
example¼á  supposσá  yo⌡  makσ  thσ mistakσ oµ typinτ *.¬á afte≥ ì
thσ -D╛ prompt.

Briefly¼á  you≥á  hear⌠á sinks¼á a≤ thσ "Deleting:óá messagσá i≤  ì
displayeΣ  anΣ  al∞  thσ membe≥ name≤ zi≡ int∩á oblivion«á Don'⌠  ì
panic«á Onl∙ thσ memor∙ cop∙ oµ thσ director∙ ha≤ beeε modified«  ì
Wheεá  thσá  -D╛ promp⌠ returns¼á d∩ no⌠á hi⌠á RETURN«á Instead¼  ì
abor⌠á thσ prograφ witΦ Control-C«

Thσá Control-├á wil∞á cance∞ thσ prograφá withou⌠á updatinτá thσ ì
directory¼ anΣ thσ origina∞ member≤ wil∞ stil∞ bσ present.

Herσ  i≤  anothe≥  caution«  Sincσ thσ entirσ director∙ (bu⌠ no⌠ ì
membe≥á sectors⌐á mus⌠á fi⌠á iεá memor∙á fo≥á ßá librar∙á t∩á bσ ì
successfull∙á opened¼á i⌠á i≤á possiblσ tha⌠á ßá hugσá director∙ ì
createΣ  oε ß you≥ systeφ wil∞ bσ to∩ largσ t∩ fi⌠ iε memor∙á iµ  ì
reaΣá oε anothe≥ systeφ wil∞ les≤ memory«á Thi≤ shoulΣ no⌠ bσá ß ì
probleφ witΦ ß librar∙ oµ unde≥ ß hundreΣ entries.

T∩á  givσá  yo⌡ aε ideß oµ ho≈ mucΦ elbowrooφ yo⌡ havσá t∩á worδ ì
with¼ L╒ display≤ thσ highes⌠ memor∙ locatioε useΣ eacΦ timσ  i⌠ ì
terminates«á Thi≤á wil∞ var∙ dependinτ oε thσ larges⌠á director∙  ì
useΣ  durinτ  operation«á  I⌠ doe≤ no⌠ includσ thσ stack¼  whicΦ  ì
grow≤  dowε  froφ higΦ memory¼á anΣ i≤ alloweΣ abou⌠  ß thousanΣ ì
byte≤ oµ spacσ fo≥ subroutinσ linkage≤ anΣ temporar∙ worδ areas.
:THE LRUN COMMAND

Thσ  LRU╬  commanΣ wa≤ createΣ fo≥ thosσ oµ u≤ wh∩ havσ lot≤  oµ ì
commanΣ file≤ wσ likσ t∩ kee≡ oε linσ al∞ thσ time« Wha⌠ usuall∙ ì
happen≤á i≤á tha⌠á somσ nicσ littlσ .CO═ file≤ arσá ver∙á  smal∞  ì
programs¼á bu⌠ havinτ ß lo⌠ oµ theφ oε disδ eat≤ u≡  filσ  spacσ  ì
a⌠á  aε  alarminτ ratσ duσ t∩ thσ fixeΣ CP/═ blocδá  size«á  Pu⌠ ì
theφ al∞ int∩ ß librar∙ calleΣ COMMAND.LB╥ usinτ  LU«

Yo⌡á caεá theεá ruε an∙ .CO═ filσ directl∙ froφ thσá librar∙á b∙ ì
saying:

     LRUN <followed by normal command line just like always>

The full syntax of LRUN is:

     LRUN [-<lbrfile>] <commember> [<parameters>]

Where: (CONT NEXT PAGE)

<lbrfile╛  i≤  thσ  librar∙  t∩ bσ searched« Thσ squarσ bracket≤  ì
arounΣá  -<lbrfile╛  indicatσ i⌠ i≤á optional«á Thσá - characte≥ ì
tell≤á LRU╬á tha⌠ wha⌠ follow≤ i≤ ß librar∙ name«á I⌠ i≤ no⌠á aε ì
actua∞ par⌠ oµ thσ name«

Don'⌠ leavσ ß spacσ afte≥ thσ  -« Iµ thσ firs⌠ paramete≥ doesn'⌠ ì
begiεá witΦ - theε thσ defaul⌠  librar∙  COMMAND.LB╥  i≤á  used«  ì
Iµ ß drivσ speπ i≤ given¼á  sucΦ a≤ B:¼á theε onl∙ tha⌠ drivσ i≤ ì
searcheΣá fo≥ thσ library«á  Iµ  n∩  drivσ  speπ i≤á given¼á thσ ì
curren⌠ drivσ i≤ searcheΣ first¼á anΣ iµ n∩ librar∙ oµ tha⌠ namσ ì
i≤ found¼á thσ A║á  drivσ  i≤  searcheΣ  beforσ givinτ up«á Iµ ß ì
name¼ bu⌠ n∩ typσ i≤ entered¼ .LB╥ i≤ assumed.

<commember╛á  i≤  thσ  namσ oµ thσ commanΣ t∩ bσ run«á N∩á drivσ  ì
speπá i≤á useΣ here«á Thσ typσ default≤ t∩ .CO═ anΣ neeΣ no⌠á bσ ì
entered.

<parameters╛á  i≤á  ßá thσá norma∞á (possibl∙á empty⌐á lis⌠áá oµ ì
parameter≤á  whicΦá  thσ  .CO═  filσ  expect≤  t∩  finΣá oεá thσ ì
commanΣá  linσá  wheε  i⌠  i≤  run«á Thi≤ lis⌠ i≤ parseΣ t∩á thσ ì
requireΣá  filσá  contro∞  block≤ anΣ commanΣ linσá areßá beforσ ì
executioεá  begins¼á  s∩  thσ  prograφ  wil∞ no⌠ bσá awarσá tha⌠ ì
anythinτá  cutσá  i≤  goinτ  on«á (Thank≤ t∩ Roε Roε Fowle≥á fo≥ ì
supplyinτ thσ codσ whicΦ make≤ thi≤ possible.)


LRUN EXAMPLES

     LRUN ED FOO.BAR

thσ  filσ  ED.CO═ i≤ searcheΣ fo≥ iε COMMAND.LB╥ oε thσá curren⌠  ì
drive¼á  o≥ thσ A║á drive«á Iµ found¼ ED.CO═ i≤ loadeΣ froφ  thσ  ì
library¼  anΣ  FOO.BA╥  i≤  passeΣ  t∩  i⌠  a≤  ß parameter.

     LRUN -C:SPECIAL LU -O COMMAND -A A:*.COM

thσá filσ LU.CO═ i≤ searcheΣ fo≥ iε SPECIAL.LB╥ oε thσ ├á drive«  ì
Iµ  found¼á  LU.CO═  i≤  loaded¼  anΣ thσ string≤ -O¼ COMMAND¼ -ì
A¼ anΣ *.CO═ arσ passeΣ t∩ i⌠ a≤ parameters.

     LRUN - -ZIP

thσá filσ -ZIP.CO═ i≤ searcheΣ fo≥ iε COMMAND.LB╥ oε thσ curren⌠ ì
drive¼á o≥á thσá A║á drive«á Iµ found¼á -ZIP.CO═ i≤á loadeΣá anΣ  ì
executeΣ  witΦ  ß  blanδ paramete≥ list«á Sincσ -ZIP.CO═á begin≤  ì
witΦ ß -¼ thσ extrß - followeΣ b∙ ß spacσ wa≤ needeΣ t∩ ac⌠ a≤ ß ì
place-holde≥ fo≥ thσ librar∙ name« Comparσ with:

     LRUN -ZIP

thσ  librar∙  -ZIP.LB╥  i≤ lookeΣ for¼ bu⌠ nothinτ elsσ happens¼ ì
becausσ n∩ commanΣ wa≤ specified.

     LRUN

witΦá  n∩á  parameter≤á  a⌠á  all¼á  cause≤á ßá screeεá oµá hel≡ ì
informatioε t∩ bσ displayeΣ a≤ ß memor∙ refresher.

Pleasσáá   repor⌠áá   an∙á   problem≤á   o≥á  suggestion≤áá  fo≥ ì
enhancemen⌠á  t∩  mσ  viß  CompuServσ  EMAI╠á  o≥á CP-MIG¼á use≥ ì
numbe≥á  70160,120╗á  o≥  b∙  phonσ  a⌠ (201⌐á 935-4087¼á voice¼ ì
evening≤ (eastern⌐ o≥ weekends.

                    Gary P. Novosielski