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External Command Reference
SKsh
A ksh-like Shell for the Amiga
Version 1.6
(Copyright) 1989, 1990
Steve Koren
October 4, 1990
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................3
cat...............................................4
cmp...............................................5
cp................................................6
crc...............................................7
cut...............................................8
du................................................9
encr..............................................10
fgrep.............................................11
find..............................................13
grep..............................................17
head..............................................19
indent............................................20
join..............................................21
num...............................................22
srun..............................................23
strings...........................................24
tail..............................................26
tee...............................................27
view..............................................28
wc................................................29
window............................................30
xd................................................31
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 2 External Cmd Reference
Introduction
This reference manual describes each SKsh external command in
a concise manner. Each page contains the following
information:
Name: The name of the command.
Type: Always External Command for this document; may be
something else in the reference manual.
Default: Default parameters, if applicable.
Usage: Command syntax
Range: Legal values for variables or parameters
About: Text describing the command, variable, etc.
Example: A brief example usage.
See Also: Other related commands, variables, etc.
When reading the command syntax, anything in square brackets
is optional. Anything followed by three dots can be repeated
any number of times. A vertical bar is used to separate op-
tion where one or the other, but not both, can be used.
In general, 'command -a -b' is equilivant to 'command -ab'.
All external commands were re-written in SKsh 1.4 to be much
smaller and faster than their earlier counterparts. In 1.5
they are slightly smaller yet.
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 3 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: cat
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: cat [ file ... ]
Range: n/a
About: cat copies the files named on the command line to
its standard output. If no files are named, it
copies the standard input to the standard output.
The cat external command is provided as an alter-
native to the builtin form; this one can copy bi-
nary data as well as ASCII data and is much faster
when the output is redirected to a file.
To use the external cat command by default, insert
the following line into your .skshrc file:
unset -b cat
Example: cat myfile.foo
See Also: The cat command entry in Reference.doc
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 4 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: cmp
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: cmp [ -s ] file1 file2
Range: n/a
About: cmp compares two files for equality. It can be
used on binary as well as textual data. cmp is
fast in that if the files are not the same size,
it won't even bother comparing the contents of the
files. cmp normally outputs a message that indi-
cates whether the files are the same, different,
or one is shorter than the other. If the -s op-
tion is used, compare does not output this infor-
mation, but simply returns a zero exit status if
the files were the same, or non-zero if they were
not.
Example: if cmp -s file1 file2
then
echo 'file1 is the same as file2'
else
echo 'file1 is different than file2'
fi
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 5 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: cp
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: cp [ -nuv ] file { file | dir }
cp [ -nruv ] { file | dir } ... dir
Range: n/a
About: cp copies files from one place to another, option-
ally renaming them in the process. If the desti-
nation is a directory, the files have the same
name in the destination directory. If more than
one file is copied, the destination must be either
a directory or nonexistant. If it is nonexistant,
it is created as a directory.
The -r flag causes cp to perform a recursive copy.
The -v flag prints the name of each file as it is
copied.
The -n flag causes cp NOT to duplicate file modi-
fication times and protection flags on the desti-
nation files. If you wish to make this the de-
fault behavior, use this alias:
alias cp='$(which cp) -n'
cp will reset the AmigaDos archive bit whether or
not the -v flag is used.
The -u flag causes cp to operate in "update" mode;
only files with a newer timestamp than their asso-
ciated destination are copied.
Example: cp my_file1 m_file2 my_file3 my_directory
Warnings: The -c (clone) flag was obsoleted in SKsh 1.4. It
is still accepted for backward compatibility; how-
ever, it is ignored. Use the -n option to turn
off the clone behaviour.
The cp command was changed to an external binary
in SKsh 1.4. It used to be a builtin.
See Also: mv
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 6 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: crc
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: crc [ -q ] file1 [ file2 ] ...
Range: n/a
About: crc generates several 32 bit values which are com-
puted from a file's contents. These values can be
used to check the integrity of files which are
transfered over a medium of questionable reliabil-
ity (such as phone lines).
If the -q switch is given, crc will not print the
file name. This is useful in scripts to check the
validity of a file by comparing crc output to
known good values.
Example: crc a_file another_file
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 7 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: cut
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: cut [ -flist [ -dchar ] | -clist ] [ file ... ]
Range: n/a
About: Cut is used for making vertical slices though a
file based on character position or on fields de-
limited by a defined character. It can also be
used to re-order characters or fields within a
file.
The -c option cuts based on character positions in
the line. For example, "-c1,5-10,20" would copy
characters one, five though ten, and twenty from
each input line to the output line. If the list
begins with a dash (for example, "-c-10") the
first item is used implicitly (1 though 10 in this
case). Characters beyond the end of line are
ignored.
The -f option cuts based on field position within
a line. Fields are separated by the tab character
by default, but this can be changed with the -d
option. For example, "-d:" would use colon sepa-
rated fields. Repeated strings of the field sepa-
rator indicate empty fields. Fields beyond the
last in the record are ignored.
No space may occur between the -d option and the
field separator character, or between the -f or -c
options and the list.
Example: cut -c1-10,15,20-50 myfile.txt
cut -f1,3,5-7 -d: myfile1.txt
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 8 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: du
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: du [ -dkst ] dir ...
Range: n/a
About: du prints disk usage information for a set of
directories. For each directory listed on the
command line, the subtree rooted at that point is
searched in a depth-first manner. du adds all the
file sizes, and for each directory, prints 1) the
directory name, 2) the total disk usage for files
in this directory, and 3) the total disk usage for
the subtree rooted at this directory.
The following options are available:
-k Print disk usage in 1024 byte kilobytes
instead of the default bytes.
-s Summary mode; print disk usage only for
root directories listed on the command
line. This option omits the display for
any sub-directories, but still must exam-
ine the entire directory subtree to find
the total disk usage.
-d Omit the first disk usage number (the to-
tal for this directory only).
-t Omit the second disk usage number (the to-
tal for the subtree rooted at this direc-
tory). If both -t and -d are used, only
directory names are printed.
Example: du devs: ram:
du -s devs:
Warnings: The -k option rounds to the nearest kilobyte. For
example, a 1023 byte file is printed as 1K, and a
511 byte file is printed as 0K. This means that
the rooted subtree disk usage count may not be the
sum of the directory disk usage counts for all
subdirectories.
See Also: info
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 9 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: encr
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: encr { -d|-e } key { infile | - } { outfile | - }
Range: 4 <= strlen(key) <= max parameter length
About: encr encrypts (-e) and decrypts (-d) files, or
standard input and output if the file name is
given as a dash. The key value must be the same
for the encrypt and decrypt; otherwise, garbage
will result. The key may be of any passable
length. Longer keys will result in a more secure
encryption.
The encrypted data will in most cases not be ASCII
data. However, this can be an advantage in that
encr can be used to encrypt binary as well as
ASCII data.
If encrypted data is to be compressed, the com-
press operation should be performed before the
data is encrypted, not after. This is because the
encrypted data will appear random, and hence be
difficult to compress by the standard algorithms.
encr does not use the DES algorithm, as code based
on that algorithm is not shippable outside of the
United States. (This is a bit paranoid if you ask
me, but no one did). For obvious reasons, I'm not
going to describe the encr algorithm here. The
algorithm should be plenty secure enough to dis-
courage casual perusal of encrypted data. It is
probably not secure enough to keep data from a
dedicated cryptoanalyst, or perhaps even from
someone who is willing to closely examine a disas-
sembly of the program code. I have provided a
small file with this release of SKsh which con-
tains some encrypted english text; I would very
much like to hear if anyone manages to find out
what it says. The file is called "crypted_data".
Example: encr -e mykey plainfile encryptedfile
encr -d mykey encryptedfile plainfile
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 10 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: fgrep
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: fgrep -[vxcilns] [-f pfile] [-e] pattern
[ file ... ]
Range: n/a
About: fgrep provides a fast way to search for text pat-
terns in a set of files. It is similar to, al-
though more limited but faster than, grep.
fgrep searches for the indicated pattern in the
indicated set of files, if present, or the stan-
dard input, if not. An fgrep pattern is extremely
limited; it can be either a string constant or a
set of string constants separated by percent
signs. For example, these are valid fgrep state-
ments:
fgrep my_routine *.c
fgrep 'this%or%that' my_file my_other_file
In the second example, fgrep searches for lines
containing any of the three strings.
There are a large number of options availble which
modify the actions of fgrep:
-c Print only a count of matching lines for each
file. If the 'v' option is used with the 'c'
option, a count of non-matching lines is
printed.
-e Use the next argument as the pattern. This
is useful to search for patterns beginning
with a dash.
-f Use the next argument as a file which con-
tains a newline separated list of values.
This file is read and used in place of the
command line pattern. For example, the fol-
lowing two examples are equivalent:
fgrep 'foo%bar' myfile
echo "foo" >temp; echo "bar" >>temp
fgrep -f temp myfile
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 11 External Cmd Reference
-i Ignore case in the search. Normally, fgrep
is case sensitive.
-l Print only the names of files which containg
the given pattern. This is fast; if fgrep
finds the pattern anywhere in the file, it
will stop looking and proceed to the next
file. This can save time for large files
where the task is to discover which files
contain the given pattern.
-n Print the line number before each matching
line.
-s Print nothing. Return an exit code of 0
(true) if any file contained the pattern, or
1 (false) if no files contained the pattern.
-v Invert the search. Lines which do not con-
tain the pattern are printed.
-x Lines must match the pattern exactly, not
simply contain it.
Example: if grep -s my_pattern my_file
then
echo 'my_file contains my_pattern'
fi
Warnings: Patterns which contain '%', spaces, or other spe-
cial characters should be quoted to avoid being
interpreted by the shell.
The '%' character is used to separate strings in-
stead of a newline as in Un*x, as there is a prob-
lem in AmigaDos passing parameters containing
newlines to external commands.
See Also: grep
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 12 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: find
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: find paths [ -print ] [ -exec command ]
[ -cmd command ] [ -type {d|f} ] [ -hidden ]
[ -depth ] [ -case ] [ -blocks n ]
[ -bigger n ] [ -smaller n ] [ -ver | -v ]
[ -comment pattern ] [ -name pattern ]
[ -path pattern ] [ -quiet ]
[ -newer { file | date [ time ] } ]
[ -older { file | date [ time ] } ]
Range: n/a
About: Find recursively walks the directory hierarchy,
applying certain tests to files and performing a
defined action on files which pass the tests.
Find may be given one or more path parameters fol-
lowed by zero or more switches. Usually at least
one of the following two switches is used:
-print Print the files for which the given
tests are true. Files and
directories are listed to standard
output, one per line. If the paths
given to find are absolute, the out-
put will be also. If the input paths
are relative, the output will be
relative to the same location.
-cmd The first argument following this
switch is used as a format string for
the output. Any occurrences of "%s"
(without the quotes) are replaced by
the output path name. Results are
sent to standard output. This is of-
ten useful to build a script file for
later interpretation by the shell.
The other switches indicate conditions which are
"anded" together. A file or directory must meet
all conditions to be selected. If patterns are
given to any switches, they must be quoted.
-type The first argument following this
switch is either "d", which selects
only directories, or "f", which se-
lects only files.
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 13 External Cmd Reference
-name The file name must match the pattern
given as the next parameter. Only
the file portion (the basename) of
the path must match.
-path Similar to -name, but the given pat-
tern must match the entire path, not
just the file portion. Slashes ("/")
are not treated specially.
-comment A file's comment, if it exists, must
match the pattern given as the next
parameter.
-case Normally all pattern matching is case
insensitive. This switch will make
it case sensitive.
-depth Causes find to perform a depth-first
scan. Normally directories are
listed before their contents; this
switch reverses that order.
-blocks The following parameter, which must
be numeric, is treated as a block
size. All files containing this num-
ber of blocks are selected.
-bigger The following parameter is a byte
count. All files having this many
bytes or more are selected.
-smaller Similar to -bigger, but selects files
having this byte count or less.
-newer Has several forms. If the following
parameter is a file name, then all
files which are newer (have a later
datestamp) than this file are
selected. If followed by one param-
eter which is a date in AmigaDos dd-
mmm-yy format, files newer than this
date are selected (files created any-
time after 12:00am are considered to
be newer). If given two following
arguments, the first of which is a
date in the above format, and the
second of which is a time in hh:mm:ss
format, then files newer than this
are selected.
-older Similar to -newer.
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 14 External Cmd Reference
-quiet Normally find will print an error
message if it is unable to examine a
file or directory's entry. This
might happen, for example, if another
process has this file open for
writing. This switch will cause find
to silently skip these files; this is
useful with the -cmd option.
-hidden Normally files which are "hidden"
(ie, have the +h bit set) are not
seen by find. This switch causes
find to list these files.
-exec The following parameter is taken as a
command. All occurrences of "%s" are
replaced by the file or directory
name, and the string is then
executed. If the resulting command
returns successfully (ie, with exit
code 0), then the file or directory
is selected. Otherwise, it is
rejected. Since this operation can
be slow (invoking another program for
each path), it is invoked last and
only if all other tests have
succeeded. For example, if used in
conjunction with "-blocks", only
files passing the "-blocks" test will
be given to "-exec". It is recom-
mended that -exec be used only with
some other qualifier to reduce the
number of times the command must be
called.
Programs invoked from -exec must be
specified as a complete path.
-ver or -v Prints the version ID of find.
Example: # list all files under /usr and /misc:
find /usr /misc -print
# list all files under /usr/appl newer than
# ram:myfile:
find /usr/appl -newer ram:myfile -print
# list all files under /pd/src ending in ".h" and
having a non-null file comment:
find /pd/src -name '*.h' -comment '?*' -print
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 15 External Cmd Reference
# run "view -t" on all files under /misc:
find /misc -type f -print | while read fspec
do
view -t $fspec
done
# another way to do that above:
find /misc -cmd -type f "/bin/view -t %s" >myscr
source myscr
# find all files under /foo bigger than 10000
# bytes, smaller than 50000 bytes, and containing
# the string "blee":
find /foo -print -exec "sys:bin/fgrep blee %s" \
-bigger 10000 -smaller 50000
Limits: In this version of find, only one of each
qualifier switch may be given. For example, only
one -name switch can be used. This limitation may
be removed in a future version of find. In spite
of this limit, multiple directories may still be
searched.
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 16 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: grep
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: grep -[vxcilns] [-f pfile] [-e] pattern
[ file ... ]
Range: n/a
About: grep provides a way to search for text patterns in
a set of files. It is similar to, although more
powerful but slower than, fgrep.
grep searches for the indicated pattern in the in-
dicated set of files, if present, or the standard
input, if not. A grep pattern is a limited regu-
lar expression. An explaination of regular ex-
pressions is beyond the scope of this document;
however, it should be noted that although they ap-
pear similar to wildcards, they are much different
(and more powerful).
There are a large number of options availble which
modify the actions of grep:
-c Print only a count of matching lines for each
file. If the 'v' option is used with the 'c'
option, a count of non-matching lines is
printed.
-e Use the next argument as the pattern. This
is useful to search for patterns beginning
with a dash.
-f Use the next argument as a file which con-
tains a one-line regular expression. There
can only be one regular expression in this
version of grep, so this option is currently
of limited use. However, if grep is extended
to permit multiple expressions, the 'f' op-
tion will become more useful.
-i Ignore case in the search. Normally, grep is
case sensitive.
-l Print only the names of files which containg
the given pattern. This is fast; if grep
finds the pattern anywhere in the file, it
will stop looking and proceed to the next
file. This can save time for large files
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 17 External Cmd Reference
where the task is to discover which files
contain the given pattern.
-n Print the line number before each matching
line.
-s Print nothing. Return an exit code of 0
(true) if any file contained the regular ex-
pression, or 1 (false) otherwise.
-v Invert the search. Lines which do not con-
tain the regular expression are printed.
-x The expression must be found at the beginning
of a line.
Example: if grep -s my_pattern my_file
then
echo 'my_file contains my_pattern'
fi
Warnings: Patterns which contain '*', '.', spaces, or other
special characters should be quoted to avoid being
interpreted by the shell.
Be wary of the difference in the 'x' option be-
tween fgrep and grep.
fgrep often more useful than grep because of its
greater speed and smaller size. This is most
noticable on fast devices such as ram or hard
disks.
See Also: fgrep
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 18 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: head
Type: External Command
Default: num = 10
Usage: head [ -num ] [ file ... ]
Range: 0 <= num
About: head prints the first num lines of each named
file, or the standard input if no files are
indicated. If num is not explicitly set, it has a
default value of 10.
Example: head -5 my_file.c my_other_file.c
See Also: tail
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 19 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: indent
Type: External Command
Default: char = space
num = 4
Usage: indent [ -num ] [ -cchar ] [ file ... ]
Range: n/a
About: Indent inserts the defined character (a space by
default) a given number of times (4 by default) at
the beginning of every line of a file which does
not contain only a newline. That is, empty lines
are left alone.
Example: indent -5 myfile.txt
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 20 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: join
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: join [ -a ] source1 [ source2 ... ] destination
Range: n/a
About: The join command concatinates binary or ASCII data
from multiple files into a single file, optionally
appending the data to the destination file if the
-a flag is set. The destination file is the last
one given.
Example: join file1 file2 dest_file
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 21 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: num
Type: External Command
Default: num = 4
Usage: num [ -digits ] [ -r ] [ file ... ]
Range: 2 <= digits <= 8
About: num prints ASCII files, prefixing each line in the
file with its line number. By default, 4 digit
line numbers are used, but this can be changed
from 2 to 8 digits numbers with the command line
switch.
Also by default, num resets the line number at the
beginning of each file. To use consecutive line
numbers for all files, use the "-r" switch. With
that option selected, the line count is not reset
for each file.
Example: num -6 -r myfile1.c myfile2.c
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 22 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: srun
Type: External Command
Default: stk = 4000
pri = 0
Usage: srun [ -i file ] [ -o file ] [ -s stk ] [ -p pri ]
program [ args ]
Range: 4000 <= stk
-31 <= pri <= 31
About: srun was created to overcome certain deficiencies
in the AmigaDos run command. srun is most useful
in scripts or functions, although it can also be
used from the command line. It allows you to
specify an input file, output file, stack size,
and priority for a command which is run in the
background. Standard input and output cannot be
re-directed with the AmigaDos run command (for ex-
ample, if standard output is redirected, the out-
put file will contain only "[CLI n]"). The srun
command is very useful in functions such as the
one given below (very much simplified from one
given in the Stuff.sksh file).
The program name given to srun must be a complete
path. This can be obtained in SKsh via:
$(which -s prog)
srun will report an error if it is unable to ex-
ecute the program or unable to open and input or
output file.
Example: function zmore {
srun -o pipe:tmp $(which zoo) -print "$1" "$2"
more pipe:tmp
}
See Also: run
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 23 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: strings
Type: External Command
Default: num = 6
Usage: strings [ -num ] [ file ... ]
Range: 0 <= num
About: strings searches the named files for strings of at
least num consecutive printable characters. If
found, it prints them. If num is not set, it de-
faults to 6.
Example: strings -10 my_file.o binary_file
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 24 External Cmd Reference
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 25 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: tail
Type: External Command
Default: num = 10, '-' option
Usage: tail [ -num | +num ] [ file ... ]
Range: 0 <= num <= 32000
About: tail prints the last num lines of each named file,
or the standard input if no files are named. If a
'+' precedes num instead of a '-', tail instead
skips num lines and prints the rest of the file.
In SKsh 1.4, the algorithm used by tail was
changed. If run on a file, it will now seek to
the end of the file and read backwards until it
encounters the proper line. This means that run-
ning tail on a large file is now nearly instanta-
neous; previously, it would read in the entire
file.
Example: tail -15 my_file.c my_other_file.c
See Also: head
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 26 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: tee
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: tee [ -a ] [ file ... ]
Range: less than 32 files
About: tee copies its standard input to its standard out-
put, and also to any named files. The old con-
tents of the files are overwritten unless the ap-
pend (-a) flag is used. With no arguments, tee
simply copies its input to its output.
Example: fgrep foo my_file | tee save_foo | wc -c
See Also:
_______________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 27 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: view
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: see View.doc
Range: n/a
About: view is a command which allows other commands to
be called based on the type of a given file. See
the View.doc manual for a detail description of
this command.
Example: view myfile my_otherfile
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 28 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: wc
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: wc [ -hcwlqt ] [ file ... ]
Range: n/a
About: wc is a utility which counts characters, words, or
lines in a given series of files (or the standard
input, if no files are indicated). It normally
produces information on all three counts, preceded
by a title for each column. If the c, w, or l
flags are set, only information on characters,
words, or lines is printed. (These can be com-
bined; for example 'wc -cl'). If the q flag is
set, wc does its work quietly; that is, it leaves
out titles and file names, only reporting the ac-
tual counts. The t flag can be used to obtain a
total at the end, and the h flag prints a helpful
usage message.
Example: if [ $(wc -lq my_file) -lt 10 ]
then
echo "There must be at least 10 lines"
fi
See Also:
________________________________________________________________
SKsh Amiga Shell Page 29 External Cmd Reference
________________________________________________________________
Name: window
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: window [ -back ] [ -front ] [ -title ]
[ -pos [x,y] ] [ -size [x,y] ] [ -scrsize ]
[ -wmouse ] [ -smouse ]
Range: n/a
About: window is a command which allows parameters of the
current shell window to be modified or examined.
The -back and -front flags cause the window to be
sent to the back or front. The -title flag causes
the current window title to be printed. The -pos
flag with no following parameters can be used to
find the current x and y positions of the window.
With a comma separated set of numbers, it moves
the window to that position if possible. Simi-
larly, the -size parameter either reports the size
of the current window in pixels, or resizes the
window to that size if possible. The -scrsize
flag reports the current size of the screen con-
taining this window, and the -smouse and -wmouse
flags report the cursor position relative to the
screen or window.
With no parameters, the window command prints a
helpful usage message. Note that this usage mes-
sage contains one additional option which can be
included after the -title flag to change the win-
dow title to a set value. However, this is not
actually permitted by AmigaDos, and although it
works now, it may cause problems, and its use is
not recommended. Use at your own risk.
Example: # move window to back and upper left hand corner
window -back -pos 0,0
See Also:
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SKsh Amiga Shell Page 30 External Cmd Reference
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Name: xd
Type: External Command
Default: n/a
Usage: xd [ file ... ]
Range: n/a
About: xd (hex dump) prints a hexadecimal dump of each
named file, or the standard input if no files are
named. It prints the hex address of the current
offset as 8 digits, then a hex dump of 16 bytes
separated into groups of 2 bytes, then an ASCII rep-
resentation of the 16 bytes, or '.' if the byte is
not a printable character.
Example: xd any_old_file
See Also:
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SKsh Amiga Shell Page 31 External Cmd Reference