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- ROMci - (R)ead (O)nly (M)emory (c)ontrol (i)nformation
-
- Howard Clements
- December 1986
-
-
-
- The purpose of ROMci is to inquire into the Control Information contained
- in Read Only Memory. ROMci can serve a variety of purposes.
-
- For Example:
-
- ROMci can be used anytime the PC User is unfamiliar with the computer
- system in front of them. A LOTUS User can verify the existence of the
- required 640K of RAM as well as a Math Co-Processor.
-
- A PC technician can verify the existence of equipment without having
- to "lift the hood" and look inside the computer. ROMci reports the
- existence of Printer Cards, RS232 Cards, and Game Ports. By verifying
- the existence of the proper Cards and Ports, additional peripherals
- can be installed with confidence.
-
- The PC User can determine the importance of a ROM upgrade by checking
- the ROM release date displayed by ROMci. Perhaps a ROM upgrade is
- called for. Many machines carry older versions of the ROM/BIOS.
-
- A Programmer can use ROMci to help debug programs. ROMci displays
- information about the KeyBoard and Video that can prove helpful to the
- programmer. ROMci will display this information as it was left in the
- BIOS work areas.
-
- In event of disk(ette) failures, ROMci can be used as a diagnostic aid
- to determine the cause of problems.
-
- ROMci categorizes the ROM control information by:
-
- 1 - System Board
- 2 - Key Board
- 3 - Video
- 4 - Disk
-
- A single screen is displayed on the monitor for each category. Pressing
- the Space Bar (or any key) will move the User from screen to screen. The
- User can only page forward, not back. This is not really a limitation
- since the screens are displayed quickly. When the User reaches the last
- screen and leaves ROMci, "F3" then "Return" can be pressed to start ROMci
- over at the first display screen.
-
- Run ROMci by typing ROMci at the DOS command line. ROMci.exe must be
- copied to the Disk(ette) in the Drive specified at the DOS Prompt. When
- using a Laptop with a LCD display, it is required to execute "MODE BW80"
- prior to running ROMci. No other actions are necessary for any other kind
- of monitor. ROMci runs on any IBM/PC or PC compatible computer from the
- PC/Jr to the AT class.
-
-
-
- A description of each of items displayed by ROMci follows.
-
-
- Page One - System Board
-
-
- Number of Printers Attached - Count of the printers cards available.
-
- Serial Printer Configured - Yes or No. Indicates that a Serial Printer
- (Laserjet, etc) can be hooked up.
-
- Game Port Configured - Yes or No. Indicates that a JoyStick or
- Mouse can be attached.
-
- Number of RS232 Cards
- Attached - Count of RS232 Cards available
-
- DMA Chip Present - This will always be Yes, except for the
- PC/Jr. The D(irect) M(emory) A(cess) Chip
- is used to bypass the CPU Chip and allows
- faster data access.
-
- Number of Disk Drives
- Attached - Count of Disk Controller Cards available
-
- Initial Video Mode - This is the mode the ROM/BIOS will put the
- Video Monitor in at start-up time. Using
- the "Mode" command under DOS changes this.
-
- Initial System Board RAM - Amount of R(andom) A(cess) M(emory)
- originally on the System Board.
-
- Total Available RAM - Amount in KiloBytes on the RAM Chips that
- currently exist on the System Board.
-
- Maybe Math Co-Processor - Indicates that a 8087 Chip exists. The 8087
- is a "number cruncher" and speeds processing.
- This indicator is not always reliable. Some
- ROM/BIOS' do not use this indicator.
-
- ROM Release Date - The date the ROM/BIOS was released.
-
- Machine Type (ID) - This is used by IBM to label their machine.
- Most compatibles (excepting COMPAQ) do not
- use the ID field.
-
-
- Page Two - Key Board
-
-
- The items on the key board page are self explanatory. The status of the
- Key Board Status Bits at Hex address 417 is reported. The bits carry the
- status of the "Toggle" keys. Each of these keys (along with the status)
- is displayed on Page 2.
-
-
-
-
- Page Three - Video
-
-
- Current Mode - There are fourteen (14) modes possible
- ranging from 40 column black and white
- to High Resolution Graphics. They are
- set with the MODE command in DOS. See the
- DOS manual for codes. The proper Adaptor
- and Monitor are, of course, required. The
- System Board screen (Page 1) displayed by
- ROMci indicates the Adaptor Card configured.
-
- Screen Width - 20, 40, or 80 depending on how the MODE is
- set
-
- Bytes per Page - This also varies by the MODE set. Included
- in the total is an attribute byte for each
- byte. The total is also rounded up to the
- next Hex 1000.
-
- Video Memory Address - The address the Video Controller Chip reads
- from in RAM. B800 is for Color Monitors.
- B000 is for Monochrome Monitors.
-
- Cursor Positions - Up to eight (8) pages of Video display can
- exist in RAM depending on the MODE set.
- These pages can be swapped in and out
- instantaneously. The Cursor Positions are
- are listed here for each page. Usually only
- the first page (0), will show something
- other than zero. Most programs do not use
- page swapping.
-
- Size of the Cursor - This is the size of the cursor based on
- the range of the cursor scan lines.
-
- Current Page - Most always "0" which indicates the first
- page.
-
- Port Address of the 6845 - Outside communication to the 8088 is done
- Video Controller Chip via ports. The Port Address of the 6845 may
- be helpful to the Programmer.
-
- CRT Mode - At this time, I have not been able to
- uncover the significance of this item. How
- is different than the Video Mode is not
- clear.
-
- Color Palette Bit Mask - This Mask is supposed to indicate all the
- Colors that are available. I do not have a
- manual that indicates the significance of
- each Bit.
-
-
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-
-
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- Page Four - Disk
-
-
- Drives needing Recalibration - This is not a serious problem. A "Yes" means
- the Read/Write head is not positioned over
- a track. A "No" means it is and, therefore,
- less physical movement is required.
-
-
- If only one Drive, acting as - On Computers with single diskette drives
- (like the XT), the drive designator changes
- from A: to B: and back.
-
- Diskette Error Status - An error for any item in the list shown
- indicates a problem of a serious nature.
- Displaying this information after a known
- disk failure, may be of help in diagnosing
- the cause of the failure
-
-
-
- Peter Norton's "Programmers Guide for the IBM PC" was the main source for
- the information on the ROMci items displayed. You may want to refer to his
- book for a more thorough discussion.
-
- ROMci is a ShareWare product. If you find it valuable and have plans to
- use it, please send $10.00 to:
-
- Howard Clements
- 118 East Royal Forest Blvd
- Columbus, Ohio 43214
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