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- EGA at Length
- (PC World July 1986 Star-Dot-Star)
-
- The IBM Enhanced Graphics Adapter is capable of displaying 43
- lines of text when used with an Enhanced Color Display or a Monochrome
- Display. However, the IBM-supplied ANSI.SYS device driver does not
- handle scrolling properly in the 43-line mode; only the upper 25 lines
- of the screen are active.
- The solution is to modify ANSI.SYS to accomodate the additional
- lines. You will also have to modify COMMAND.COM so the CLS command
- will work properly. The steps apply to IBM's DOS 3.10 only; do not
- attempt to use them with any other DOS version.
- First make a copy of ANSI.SYS called ANSI43.SYS, make a copy of
- COMMAND.COM, and then follow the steps below to perform the patch.
- Remember to edit CONFIG.SYS to refer to the ANSI43.SYS driver.
-
- A>copy ansi.sys ansi43.sys
- A>debug ansi43.sys
- -e 29d 90 90
- -e 2a1 90 90
- -e 27c 2b
- -e 283 2a
- -e 50c 2b
- -e 58f 2b
- -w
- Writing 0673 bytes
- -q
-
- A>debug command.com
- -e 263b 2a
- -w
- Writing 0673 bytes
- -q
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
- The Wonderful World of Color
- (PC World August 1986 The Help Screen)
-
- DOS contains a device driver called ANSI.SYS that can enhance the
- PC's rudimentary default screen and keyboard drivers. Once the ANSI.SYS
- driver is installed, it accepts commands that control cursor movement
- and clear the screen, reassign key definitions, and set screen color.
- ANSI.SYS is not, however, a panacea. While ANSI.SYS can give color to
- DOS, many programs, including the BASIC interpreter, bypass installed
- screen and keyboard drivers in favor of their own (complete with screen
- color choices and key definitions).
- To install ANSI.SYS, copy that file from your DOS disk to the root
- directory of the disk you use to start the PC. With EDLIN or a word
- processor that can create ASCII files, edit (or create) the root
- directory's CONFIG.SYS file. Add to the beginning of the file the line
- DEVICE=ANSI.SYS. Note that CONFIG.SYS must reside in the root
- directory. On a hard disk system, however, you can keep ANSI.SYS in
- another directory; for example, \DOS. In that case, assuming the hard
- disk is drive C:, the first line of CONFIG.SYS should be:
-
- DEVICE=C:\DOS\ANSI.SYS
-
- Save CONFIG.SYS and reboot the PC. Whenever the PC is started or
- reset, DOS looks to the root directory of the system disk to install
- the drivers indicated in CONFIG.SYS.
- ANSI.SYS commands consist of an Escape character (ASCII 27)
- followed by a short sequence of characters. When an Escape sequence
- is sent to the screen, ANSI.SYS intercepts it. If the Escape sequence
- is a valid ANSI.SYS command, the driver performs the appropriate
- function and the command is not displayed. Escape sequences that are
- not ANSI.SYS commands are ignored by the driver and displayed.
- The DOS command PROMPT enables you to modify the DOS prompt to
- include Escape and the other characters used in ANSI.SYS commands.
- Because those characters are sent to the screen each time the prompt
- is displayed, PROMPT is commonly used to command ANSI.SYS. For example,
- with the ANSI.SYS driver installed the command:
-
- PROMPT $e[1;33m$n$g <Enter>
-
- will yield yellow characters. ($n$g specifies that the name of the
- default drive and the greater-than symbol are to be included in the
- DOS prompt -- they are not ANSI.SYS commands. $e specifies the Escape
- character, which cannot be entered directly from the keyboard.)
- Of course, remembering the ANSI.SYS code number for a particular
- color is difficult. The batch file COLOR.BAT is a modification of a
- listing from "Designer Screens" (PC World November 1985) and eliminates
- the need for an elephantine memory or an ANSI.SYS Set Graphics
- Rendition (SGR) chart. Enter and save COLOR.BAT and COLOR.HLP. With
- COLOR.BAT, DOS's screen colors can be set using English.
- The command COLOR NORMAL BLACK BACKCYAN, for example, produces
- black characters on a cyan background. The parameter NORMAL is included
- first to ensure that the intensity attribute is off -- with intensity
- on, the parameter BLACK produces gray characters.
- If COLOR.BAT is called without a subsequent parameter or with the
- parameter HELP, the help screen COLOR.HLP is displayed. It contains
- instructions for using COLOR.BAT and lists the batch file's valid
- parameters. Note that COLOR.BAT operates with ECHO off. When ECHO
- is off, the DOS prompt is not displayed; ANSI.SYS commands contained
- in the prompt will not be executed until ECHO is turned on and the
- prompt is displayed. COLOR.BAT thus executes an ECHO ON after each
- PROMPT/ANSI.SYS command. Just before ending, COLOR.BAT issues the
- command PROMPT $p$g, specifying that the DOS prompt consist of the
- current path followed by the greater-than symbol.
-
- COLOR.BAT:
-
- echo off
- cls
- echo Please wait ...
- if %1.==. goto help
- goto %1
- :normal
- prompt $e[0m
- goto exit
- :bright
- prompt $e[1m
- goto exit
- :reverse
- prompt $e[7m
- goto exit
- :black
- prompt $e[30m
- goto exit
- :red
- prompt $e[31m
- goto exit
- :green
- prompt $e[32m
- goto exit
- :brown
- prompt $e[33m
- goto exit
- :blue
- prompt $e[34m
- goto exit
- :magenta
- prompt $e[35m
- goto exit
- :cyan
- prompt $e[36m
- goto exit
- :white
- prompt $e[37m
- goto exit
- :backblack
- prompt $e[40m
- goto exit
- :backred
- prompt $e[41m
- goto exit
- :backgreen
- prompt $e[42m
- goto exit
- :backbrown
- prompt $e[43m
- goto exit
- :backblue
- prompt $e[44m
- goto exit
- :backmagenta
- prompt $e[45m
- goto exit
- :backcyan
- prompt $e[46m
- goto exit
- :backwhite
- prompt $e[47m
- goto exit
- :exit
- shift
- echo on
- echo off
- cls
- echo Please wait ...
- if not .==.%1 goto %1
- prompt $p$g
- goto done
- :help
- type color.hlp
- :done
-
- COLOR.HLP
-
- ANSI.SYS and CONFIG.SYS (containing
- the line DEVICE=ANSI.SYS) must be
- accessible when the PC is started.
- Type COLOR and then your choice(s) of
- character intensity and/or color,
- and/or background color (indicated
- by the prefix `back') selected from
- the following list of parameters.
- For color displays:
- black backblack
- red backred
- green backgreen
- brown backbrown
- blue backblue
- magenta backmagenta
- cyan backcyan
- white backwhite
- Fro color and monochrome displays:
- normal
- bright
- reverse
- For example: COLOR bright red backgreen
-
-
- COLOR.BAT for DOS 2.xx Users
- (PC World December 1986 The Help Screen)
-
- In the COLOR.BAT file described in PC World August 1986 The Help
- Screen (see above), the BACKGREEN parameter produces the "Label not
- found" error message. This is because PC-DOS 2.00, 2.10, and their
- MS-DOS cousins do not recognize batch file labels that are more than
- 8 characters long (excluding the requisite colon). DOS 3.00 and 3.10,
- on the other hand, simply ignore any label characters after the first
- 8 and continue to execute their batch files. (DOS 1.xx, of course,
- does not recognize any batch file labels or GOTO commands.) That's
- why COLOR.BAT, running under DOS 2.xx, cannot GOTO the label :BACKGREEN
- -- it's one character too long.
- There are two quick, easy ways to fix COLOR.BAT for DOS 2.xx.
- The first is to simply insert a space between the 8th and 9th
- characters in a label, thus yielding:
-
- :BACKBLAC K
- :BACKGREE N
- :BACKBROW N
- :BACKMAGE NTA
- :BACKWHIT E
-
- The contents of the help file, COLOR.HLP, which includes a list
- of COLOR.BAT's acceptable parameters, needn't be altered, because you
- can use parameters that exceed 8 characters -- DOS will ignore the
- excess and locate the appropriate 8-character label.
- The other method uses the letter B instead of BACK as the prefix
- for the background color labels. Thus, BACKMAGENTA becomes BMAGENTA.
- The COLOR.BAT file you have can easily be modified by globally
- replacing all occurrences of BACK with B using an ASCII word processor.
- Remember to do the same to COLOR.HLP's list of parameters but not, of
- course, to the word background in the sixth line of COLOR.HLP.
-