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- ATIM
- PC-AT High Resolution Execution Timer
-
- ATIM is a utility to which will load and execute another program
- and report elapsed time using the PC-AT high resolution timer.
-
- This program is both hardware and operating system dependent. It
- requires an IBM PC-AT or close clone with a high resolution
- timer accessable at port 70h as well as bios support for INT 70h.
- As supplied, this program uses the undocumented INT 2Eh back
- door entry point into COMMAND.COM for its load & execute
- function. For operation under Concurrent Dos 5.0 XM, the CCPM
- equate is provided which will enable conditional assembly of
- the traditional DOS load & execute function.
-
- My primary reason for writing this program is to distinguish
- between alternate assembly language subroutines in programs
- which I develop. The high resolution timer generates a tick
- 1024 times a second as oposed to 18.2 ticks per second with
- the low resolution timer. This provides accuracy to 3 decimal
- places and minimizes the need to put sequences within repeat
- loops in order to time them - after all, a repeat loop can
- distort true performance because of its side effect of purging
- the pre-fetch queue each time through. And use of the back door
- INT 2Eh loader eliminates the masking overhead of loading a new
- copy of COMMAND.COM.
-
- But it should be kept in mind that with the high resolution
- timer enabled, program execution is slowed down somewhat.
- You might try commenting out calls to the DISABLE_70 and
- running Norton's SI to get an idea of how much (then reboot).
- This is inevitable since the interrupt handler is being called
- so often. And to make matters worse, the IBM ROM bios shuts
- off the timer after each interrupt requiring the program to
- turn it back on again. The CLONE equate has been provided to
- skip the reinitialization and should be set TRUE if your bios
- is less ill mannered than IBM's (works fine on PC's LTD AT).
-
- Most of the code for the high resolution timer was found
- squirreled away in a listing published by Greg Weissman in
- the March 1986 Dr. Dobbs starting on page 96. The INT 2Eh
- technique was grafted in after Ray Duncan's December 1986
- column, also from Dr. Dobbs.
- Howard Vigorita, NYACC
- December 27, 1986