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FENNEL.TXT
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1994-04-04
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FENNEL ==========================
CULTIVATION: ============ Fennel is a hardy biennial or perennial often
cultivated as an annual plant, with feathery green leaves and heads of
tiny yellow flowers. It grows to about 5 feet high.
Sow in late spring to early summer. Germination time is about 12 days and
plant matures in about 90 days. Grows in zone 3-10. Divide plant in
autumn. Location should have full sun, and well drained loam soil. Clay
soil should be avoided.
Thin or transplant to 20 inches apart. Do not grow near dill, seeds will
cross-pollinate. Do not allow stem to become too large, because they are
tough and stringy.
Pick young stems and leaves and use as required. For drying pick just
before flowering. Freeze leaves or infuse in oil or vinegar. Drying seeds
is difficult, but they retain their flavor well if successful. Leaves are
not recommended for drying as the flavor is easily lost.
CULINARY USES: ============== Fennel is traditionally considered one of
the best herb to use with fish dishes.
Roots and stalks may be boiled and eaten as a vegetable. The stem can also
be chopped when tender and added to a salad. The swollen bulb of Florence
fennel can be eaten raw in salads or cooked.
Stuff the leaves into oily fish such as Mackerel, and sprinkle finely
chopped on salads and cooked vegetables.
The seeds and leaves have a distinctive aniseed flavor, but the aroma of
the leaves is volatile so they are used in rather generous quantities. The
seeds are more potent and 1-2 teaspoon in a sauce or stuffing recipe is
usually sufficient.
In baking, you can substitute fennel seeds for aniseeds.
MEDICAL USES: ============= Fennel seeds contains large amount of
Anethole, a volatile oil with an antispasmodic effect on the intestinal
smooth muscles, that inhibits gases from building up. Simply bruise 1 to 2
tablespoons of seeds and steep them for 10 minutes in a cup of hot water.
it taste like licorice.
Fennel seeds help maintain the tone of the stomach muscles and fight
infection of the intestinal tract. The dried ripe seeds are the portion of
the plant most commonly used in healing.
Its stomach-soothing properties can be a big help when the body is
adjusting to dietary changes. You find fennel in many weight loss
products. for minor eye problems, add 1/2 a teaspoon of fennel powder to 2
1/2 ounces of clear cold water. Strain the liquid and use it as a lotion.
Fennel oil with honey in warm water is an old-time cough remedy. Used
externally, the oil is a folk remedy for joint inflammation. Rub the oil
on affected parts of the body to alleviate the pain of arthritis and
rheumatism.
WARNING: ======== Fennel seeds are safe, but fennel oil when taken
internally may cause vomiting, and possibly seizures.
OTHER USES: =========== There are several varieties of fennel, including
Florence fennel, which produces thick stalks that can be eaten like
celery.
COSMETIC USES: ============== FENNEL CLEANSING MILK : Gently heat 1/2 cup
of buttermilk and 2 tablespoons of fennel seed for about 30 minutes, leave
to stand for about 2 hour. Strain and bottle. Store in refrigerator and
use within 1 week. This will help with oily skin. Chew seeds as a breath
sweetener.
GENTLE CLEANSER : Add 5 ounces of unflavored yogurt to 2/3 cup of fennel
infusion. Mix well and pour into a jar. Store in the refrigerator.