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1994-08-27
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Document 0696
DOCN M9480696
TI Prevalence of illicit drugs detected in the urine of women of
childbearing age in Alabama public health clinics.
DT 9410
AU Pegues DA; Engelgau MM; Woernle CH; Division of Field Epidemiology,
Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA.
SO Public Health Rep. 1994 Jul-Aug;109(4):530-8. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/94316770
AB Each year, it is estimated that from 350,000 to 739,000 U.S. infants are
exposed in utero to one or more illicit drugs. To estimate the
prevalence of and risk factors for illicit drug use by women of
childbearing age in Alabama, during 2 months in 1991 the authors
collected patient-reported histories, clinical histories, and urine
specimens from 6,195 women statewide attending public health maternity
clinics, family planning clinics, and a high-risk referral obstetrical
clinic. Blind drug screening of urine specimens for marijuana, cocaine,
opiates, barbiturates, and amphetamines was performed with the use of a
fluorescent polarization immunoassay. The overall prevalence of positive
results for drugs tested was 10.1 percent, including 8.4 percent of the
3,554 pregnant and 12.3 percent of the 2,571 nonpregnant women screened.
The drugs most frequently detected were marijuana and cocaine.
Characteristics of the subjects associated with a higher prevalence of
positive results for any drug tested or for marijuana included white
race, older age, being divorced, nonstudent occupation, having 12 or
less years of education, attending a clinic located in a suburban
county, self-reported substance use, increased risk for human
immunodeficiency virus infection, and reproductive history.
Characteristics of women with positive screening for cocaine results
were similar to those who tested positive for any drug, except that the
prevalence of cocaine was higher among black women and those attending
urban county clinics and did not vary by years of education.
Patient-reported histories of drug use were insensitive in identifying
women who had positive drug screening results (sensitivity, 6.3 percent;
specificity, 98.2 percent).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
DE Adolescence Adult Alabama/EPIDEMIOLOGY Ambulatory Care Facilities
Cross-Sectional Studies Family Planning Female Human Maternal Health
Services Pregnancy Prevalence Reproductive History Risk Factors
Street Drugs/*URINE Substance Abuse/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/URINE *Substance
Abuse Detection JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).