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- NET-7.TXT
- NETWORK SERVERS
- ---------------
-
- Continuing the packet conservation theme, let's look at the big power users,
- the servers. Servers include the automated computer services such as BBSes
- and lately, DXPacketClusters. The common version of TCP/IP stations are not
- included in this category. Even though automated, they normally don't "serve"
- the general packet population. This will undoubtedly change as the TCP/IP
- code matures and networks improve.
-
- BBS software has made giant strides since its introduction. However scant
- attention has been paid to ways of practicing packet conservation with its
- usage. For instance, very few users are classified as "EXPERT" on their BBS.
- The advantage of an "Expert" classification is it does away with the long
- alphabet soup prompt and gets the short ">" instead. Spread over time on a
- busy channel, EXPERT prompts can make a significant reduction in unnecessary
- packets on the frequency.
-
- Signing onto a BBS for the first time, some BBSes only require a first name,
- while others go through a lengthy registration procedure. Indeed, some BBS
- software won't allow a new user to perform ANY commands until the registration
- process is complete. Perhaps it's time to take another look at this to see if
- anything other than a users name is ***REALLY*** vital to the BBS function.
- After all, the shortening of an unnecessary registration process IS practicing
- packet conservation.
-
- A major load on the network is BBS to BBS forwarding. To the extent possible,
- packet conservation can be served if SysOps insure their forwarding paths are
- directed to the nearest neighbor BBS. Also, forwarding should be coordinated
- among the BBS community so as to avoid forwarding to multiple BBSes in the
- same general area. This will minimize sending duplicate traffic over a portion
- of the network. Note here we are referring to the sending of duplicate data
- over the network, not duplicate messages to a BBS.
-
- Users should avoid the casual "DXing" of BBSes. Connecting to a distant BBS,
- going through the registration process, downloading the HELP file to learn the
- commands, then doing the magic "LIST" command are NO-NO's. The resulting
- freight-car loads of packets will usually break the circuit, plus dump other
- users. Since the local BBS is part of the national BBS forwarding network,
- messages on the distant BBS are apt to be the same as found locally. Of course
- there may be times one has a good reason to check out a distant BBS. But this
- should be done with consideration of the possible fury such action will unleash
- on the system. Practice packet conservation on a DX BBS by doing a "LL 5", for
- the last five, instead of a standard "L" command which could result in dumping
- 100 or more, message headers onto the network. If unfamiliar with the distant
- BBS commands, attempt to find the same type of BBS closer and down-load the
- help file, rather than torturing the network. To this end, all BBS SysOps
- could aid packet conservation by including HELP files for the different BBS
- types in one of their directories.
-
- In terms of network efficiency it could be questioned whether the BBS/node is
- generally helpfull or not. Although not as bad as the TCP/IP end user class of
- nodes (which don't perform anything usefull for the general packet population),
- the BBS/nodes add to network overhead due to their node barf (broadcasts and
- updates). If the BBS SysOp allows his node to propagate to the far end of the
- network, then this encourages distant users to DX his node, thus contributing
- to congestion. Most SysOps are pleased to see users on their boards, but this
- type of operation can be counter-productive to the SysOp. For instance if the
- SysOp uses the same portion of the network for forwarding that the distant user
- is on, then the resulting congestion could cause the forwarding to be
- terminated for that hour. Multiplying this type of activity with many users
- and many BBSes, it's obvious that allowing BBS/nodes to propagate throughout
- the network should be discouraged. Here we are referring to the BBS/Node,
- rather than the gateway node portion.
-
- KA9NNN recently released a series of notes on G8BPQ node operation and made a
- similar case for BBS/nodes to either be turned off or set to not propagate
- outside the immediate area. Along the same lines, some NodeOps have a policy
- of not allowing BBS/nodes to network with backbone trunked LAN nodes as this
- can contribute significantly to local area congestion.
-
- As the number of VHF frequencies increase, SysOps tend to add additional ports
- and radios to accomadate users. Such expansion should be carefully considered.
- Throughput on adjacent channels can suffer due to receiver overload and desense
- occuring when transmitters in the same band are keyed up. This may not be a
- serious problem on lightly loaded channels, but with heavy activity, it could
- cause an adverse network impact. Another caution is that routing confusion
- may occur when multiple gateways exist within a small area. There may be
- practical and political reasons why certain channels should not be gatewayed.
- ALWAYS consult local network policy before proceeding with establishing
- gateways or any new node.
-
- DXclusters have recently become very popular in many parts of the country.
- These operate from a PC based machine and are designed to service the DXing
- community. Connected stations can report the frequency and other pertinent
- information of a DX station they hear on HF to the cluster. This information
- then goes out as a "spot" announcement to all other stations connected to the
- cluster. The idea here is that the more "ears" monitoring for DX, the more
- successful the connected stations will be in working the DX, if it's needed by
- the members.
-
- Packet clusters also provide a variety of user services. Members can obtain
- beam headings to any specific DX country in the world, request WWV propagation
- information, download data bases of DX related material, send and receive
- messages similar to a BBS, and talk, either privately or publically to other
- connected stations.
-
- To extend their HF observer monitoring capability it is common practice for
- clusters to link to each other via the VHF networks. This allows all of the
- features of one cluster to be shared with other linked clusters. To prevent
- connected stations from being timed out by the network nodes, short "stay
- alive" messages are periodically sent in order to keep each connected user
- from being disconnected.
-
- Peak cluster usage occurs in the evenings and weekends when most of the users
- are home from work. Network congestion from cluster activity can be quite
- intense during these periods. Every time a cluster links to a distant cluster,
- configuration and user info is shared between all of the clusters in the
- linked system. A large linked cluster network can consist of 10 or more
- clusters and over 100 users. Whenever a cluster link is lost, then
- reestablished, a complete updating sequence is performed over the network.
- When this occurs,the network impact can be quite substantial.
-
- Because of intense DXcluster congestion, cluster SysOps in some parts of the
- country have been requested to either curtail their cluster linking activity
- or have been encouraged to establish their own separate cluster network.
-
- Although separate networks may be one solution, perhaps a more satisfactory
- and economical approach would be for NodeOps, TCP/IP ops, BBS and cluster
- SysOps to coordinate their activites and work together toward developing an
- integrated network capable of handling all of the users and servers.
-