home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- NET-2.TXT
- TXDs AND DCD
- ------------
-
- Affecting all network configurations is TXD. This is the period following
- transmitter key-up and beginning of the packet. Its purpose is to allow
- time for the transmitter to become fully turned on before the packet commences.
- Most TXDs are set for 300 milliseconds or longer. Simply multiplying
- .3 seconds times 1200 baud gives insight into the affect TXDs have on
- throughput. It's not unusual to see synthesized node radios with TXDs set to
- .5 seconds. If shorter node radio TXDs were used, a significant increase in
- throughput is theoretically possible. Therefore the type of radio selected
- for node use is important.
-
- Crystal controlled radios have faster receive to transmit (R/T) cycling times
- than synthesized units. Factors that affect the R/T time is the time it takes
- for the crystal oscillator (or the PLL) and associated stages to stabilize
- when switching from receive to transmit. And, on the receiving end, the time
- it takes for the squelch circuit to react and lock onto incoming packets.
-
- The best radios having the shortest TXDs are those designed specifically for
- data use. These include the GLB NETLINK 220 and those recently introduced by
- Kantronics. Reports indicate 5 to 20 millisecond TXDs are possible with these
- radios. In terms of cost and availability, the second best radios are the GE
- MASTR II or Motorola Micor and Mitrek series of commercial radios that can be
- found on the used market. These radios are stable, rugged and, designed to
- exist in hostile electronic environments as typically found at many shared
- node radio sites. TXDs of 100 milliseconds and less are achievable.
-
- While much shorter TXDs are attainable on the radios selected for internode
- traffic (with significant increase in node-to-node network throughput), radios
- on user access nodes are not so fortunate. The bulk of amateur radios sold
- these days are synthesized units with slower R/T switching time. It does little
- good to have the local node set up with a short TXD if it means the users
- can't access it! As a result, one has to drop back and penalize user access
- performance by increasing the TXD time to a value that allows typical access.
-
- On a simplex network without a backbone trunk, this means optimum TXDs cannot
- be used. However if there is a backbone trunk, shorter TXDs can be used "IF"
- it is agreed users will not be allowed direct access. In this case, the
- network flow would be to the local area access node and then automatically
- routed onto the backbone trunk toward its final destination.
-
- Another throughput improvement for node and user radios alike would be to
- operate the receivers with open squelch. Depending on individual squelch
- circuit characteristics, a savings from 5 to 20 miliseconds could be realized.
- At first this may not seem like much, but on a busy circuit, the shorter
- response time is quite significant. A simple TNC DCD modification will allow
- open squelch operation. The major advantage of node DCD modification is that
- the TNC will react only to valid packets. Sometimes on shared sites with
- commercial services, intermodulation problems are prevalent. The noise in the
- node receiver created by intermod could hold off packet transmissions if DCD
- isn't performing properly. To this end, the TAPR DCD kits for the various
- TNCs are highly recommended as they will improve the performance of both user
- and node TNCs.