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ICONV(1) Linux Programmer's Manual ICONV(1)
NAME
iconv - character set conversion
SYNOPSIS
iconv [OPTION...] [-f encoding] [-t encoding] [inputfile ...]
iconv -l
DESCRIPTION
The iconv program converts text from one encoding to another encoding. More precisely, it converts
from the encoding given for the -f option to the encoding given for the -t option. Either of these
encodings defaults to the encoding of the current locale. All the inputfiles are read and converted
in turn; if no inputfile is given, the standard input is used. The converted text is printed to stan-dard standard
dard output.
The encodings permitted are system dependent. For the libiconv implementation, they are listed in the
iconv_open(3) manual page.
Options controlling the input and output format:
-f encoding, --from-code=encoding
Specifies the encoding of the input.
-t encoding, --to-code=encoding
Specifies the encoding of the output.
Options controlling conversion problems:
-c When this option is given, characters that cannot be converted are silently discarded, instead
of leading to a conversion error.
--unicode-subst=formatstring
When this option is given, Unicode characters that cannot be represented in the target encod-ing encoding
ing are replaced with a placeholder string that is constructed from the given formatstring,
applied to the Unicode code point. The formatstring must be a format string in the same format
as for the printf command or the printf() function, taking either no argument or exactly one
unsigned integer argument.
--byte-subst=formatstring
When this option is given, bytes in the input that are not valid in the source encoding are
replaced with a placeholder string that is constructed from the given formatstring, applied to
the byte's value. The formatstring must be a format string in the same format as for the
printf command or the printf() function, taking either no argument or exactly one unsigned
integer argument.
--widechar-subst=formatstring
When this option is given, wide characters in the input that are not valid in the source
encoding are replaced with a placeholder string that is constructed from the given format-string, formatstring,
string, applied to the byte's value. The formatstring must be a format string in the same for-mat format
mat as for the printf command or the printf() function, taking either no argument or exactly
one unsigned integer argument.
Options controlling error output:
-s, --silent
When this option is given, error messages about invalid or unconvertible characters are omit-ted, omitted,
ted, but the actual converted text is unaffected.
The iconv -l or iconv --list command lists the names of the supported encodings, in a system depen-dent dependent
dent format. For the libiconv implementation, the names are printed in upper case, separated by
whitespace, and alias names of an encoding are listed on the same line as the encoding itself.
EXAMPLES
iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t UTF-8
converts input from the old West-European encoding ISO-8859-1 to Unicode.
iconv -f KOI8-R --byte-subst="<0x%x>"
--unicode-subst="<U+%04X>"
converts input from the old Russian encoding KOI8-R to the locale encoding, substituting an
angle bracket notation with hexadecimal numbers for invalid bytes and for valid but unconvert-ible unconvertible
ible characters.
iconv --list
lists the supported encodings.
SEE ALSO
iconv_open(3)
GNU January 22, 2006 ICONV(1)
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