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ATOS(1) ATOS(1)
NAME
atos - tool to convert numeric addresses to symbols of binary images or processes
SYNOPSIS
atos [ -p pid | partial-executable-name ] [ -o executable ] [ -f file ] [ -arch architecture ] [ -s
slide ] [ -printHeader ] [ address ... ]
DESCRIPTION
The atos command converts numeric addresses to their symbolic equivalents. It must be supplied with
either the process ID (or full or partial executable name) of a currently executing process, or else
the path to a Mach-O executable. (Multiple process IDs or paths can also be supplied if necessary,
and the two can be mixed in any order.) When working with a running process, atos considers
addresses and symbols defined in all executables currently loaded by that process, at their loaded
locations. When working with a Mach-O executable, atos considers only addresses and symbols defined
in that executable, at their default locations (unless the -s option is given).
A numeric address will be converted into the symbol (if any) whose corresponding range of addresses
contains the specified address. With the -s flag, the indicated slide value is subtracted from all
input addresses prior to symbol lookup. If an address cannot be converted using the first process or
executable specified, any other processes or executables specified will be used, in the order speci-fied. specified.
fied. If an address still cannot be converted, it will be reprinted unchanged. Results are printed
out one to a line, with numeric addresses given in hexadecimal format.
Numeric arguments may be given in decimal format, or they may be prefixed by 0x or 0X and given in
hexadecimal format. With the -f flag, addresses may optionally be taken from a file, which will be
read as if it contained whitespace-separated numeric address arguments. If no address arguments are
given on the command line, atos enters an interactive mode, in which it takes addresses from stdin as
if it were reading them from a file.
The -printHeader argument indicates that if a process ID was specified, the first line of atos output
should be a header of the form "Looking up symbols in process <pid> named: <process-name>". This is
primarily used when atos is invoked as part of a stackshot(1) run, for verification of the process ID
and name.
GETTING SYMBOLS FOR A DIFFERENT MACHINE ARCHITECTURE
It is possible to get symbols for addresses from a different machine architecture than the system on
which atos is running. For example, when running atos on an Intel-based system, one may wish to get
the symbol for an address that came from a backtrace of a process running on a PowerPC machine. To
do so, use the -arch flag to specify the desired architecture (such as i386 or ppc) and pass in a
corresponding symbol-rich Mach-O executable with a binary image of the corresponding architecture
(such as a Universal Binary).
Apple Inc. June 19, 1998 ATOS(1)
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