home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- 40Hex Issue 10 Volume 3 Number 1 File 004
-
-
- ARCV Busted!
- by DecimatoR
-
-
- Many of you who read this mag know of the ARCV, and most likely
- know Apache Warrior, the president of the group. In December and January,
- the ARCV members were raided by Scotland Yard officials, and had their
- computer equipment confiscated. Apparently, the bust was triggered not because
- of the virus writing they did, but because of the method they allegedly used to
- transport their creations to their friends in other countries. A contact in
- England recently filled me in on the events which led to the bust of the ARCV.
-
- Apparently, a few of the ARCV members were calling long distance by use of a
- beige box (a device which allows tapping into phone lines to make unauthorized
- calls) and they got caught. This led to the confiscation of their computer
- equipment. The two who were arrested apparently cooperated with the police,
- and further examination of the confiscated equipment proved that not only had
- the police caught people making fraudulent phone calls, but they also caught
- the leaders of a large virus writing group. Further investigation resulted in
- more arrests of other ARCV members. Had the group not been phreaking their
- calls, chances are they would not be in the fix they are today. Please note,
- however, that there have not yet been any trials in the arrests, and the ARCV
- members have not been proven guilty.
-
- The following articles were posted on UseNet, and tell the story, although all
- but one fail to mention the fact that illegal phone calls, and NOT virus
- writing was the key factor in the arrests. Only after the first arrests were
- made did the police pursue the avenue concerning virus authorship.
-
-
- --------------
-
- From "Computing", Feb 4, 1993:
-
- Apache scalps virus cowboys
-
- "Police raided the homes of suspected computer virus authors across
- the country last week, arresting five people and seizing equipment.
- "The raids were carried out last Wednesdau by police in Manchester,
- Cumbria, Staffordshire and Devon and Cornwall.
- "Scotland Yard's computer crimes unit co-ordinated the raids under the
- codename Operation Apache.
- " A spokeswoman for the Greater Manchester Police said: 'The
- investigation began in the Mancheter area following the arrest of the
- self-styled president of the virus writing group in Salford last
- December.'
- "Police would not reveal the man's name, but said he had been released
- on bail.
- "Last week's raids led to the the arrest of a further two people in
- Manchester. Three other suspects were also arrested in Staffordshire,
- Cumbria and Cornwall.
- "PCs and floppy disks were seized in all the raids.
- "All those arrested have been released on police bail pending further
- investigations."
-
- --------------
-
-
- From the EFF.TALK newsgroup of Usenet:
-
- "Police have arrested Britain's first computer virus-writing group
- in an operation they hope will dampen the aspirations of any potential
- high-tech criminals.
- Four members of the Association of Really Cruel Viruses (ARCV) were
- raided last Wednesday in a joint operation in four cities co-ordinated by
- Scotland Yard's computer crimes unit.
- The arrests in Greater Manchester, Cumbria, Staffordshire and
- Devon and Cornwall, bring to six the members of the group that have been
- tracked down by police. Two others, also writing for ARCV, were arrested
- a month ago in Manchester.
- This six are thought to have written between 30 and 50 relatively
- harmless viruses....
- --------------
-
- From a reposting of an unidentified newspaper, dated 4 February 1993:
-
- UK Virus Writers Group Foiled by Scotland Yard
-
- British police have arrested four members of a virus-writing group that
- calls itself the Association of Really Cruel Viruses (ARCV).
-
- The Scotland Yard Computer Crime Unit coordinated the raids carried out
- on suspects in Greater Manchester, Staffordshire, Devon, and Cornwall.
- The arrests last Wednesday, January 27, bring to six the number of ARCV
- members found by police, after they initially arrested one caught
- "phreaking" in Manchester in December. ("Phone phreaking" is the illegal
- practice of obtaining free use of telephone lines.) The arrests were
- made under Section 3 of the Computer Misuse Act, which prohibits
- unauthorized modification of computer material, said Detective Sergeant
- Stephen Littler. The suspects, who cannot be identified at this stage
- under British law, have been released on bail pending inquiries and may
- face further charges.
-
- The members of ARCV used PCs to write viruses, which they shared via a
- bulletin board operated by one suspect in Cornwall. The police
- confiscated hardware and software, which is being studied by virus
- experts to determine how many viruses were written and what the viruses
- were intended to do, Littler said. The British anti-virus community
- became aware of ARCV through the group's own publicity efforts, such as
- a newsletter that it had uploaded to various bulletin boards in the
- U.S., according to Richard Ford, editor of the monthly "Virus Bulletin,"
- which is published in Abingdon, Oxon, England. The newsletter was
- described in detail in the November, 1992, issue of "Virus Bulletin."
-
- "To the best of my knowledge, none of their viruses are in the wild, out
- there spreading," said Ford. "But they have been found on virus
- exchange bulletin board services, and we've had reports of them being
- uploaded rather widely in the UK." ARCV claims, in its newsletter, to
- have links with PHALCON/SKISM in the U.S. and other virus writers in
- Eastern Europe. "The world is a very small place when you've got a
- modem, or are on the Internet," Ford said. The newsletter invites new
- members to join even if they are not virus writers but prefer other
- "underground" activities such as hacking and phreaking. It also betrays
- ARCV's fears of being perceived as nerds (a term not used in Britain)
- saying, "Now the picture put out by the Anti- Virus Authors is that
- Virus writers are Sad individuals who wear Anoraks and go Train Spotting
- but well they are sadly mistaken, we are very intelligent, sound minded,
- highly trained, and we wouldn't be seen in an Anorak or near an Anorak
- even if dead." (Anorak is the British word for ski jacket.)
-
- ARCV has already failed at one of the objectives mentioned in its
- premier newsletter issue, which said, "We will be dodging Special Branch
- and New Scotland Yard as we go."
-
-
- --------------
-
-
- The following is a summary of Britain's Computer Misuse Act 1990, which
- deals with computer crimes:
-
-
-
- Summary of Computer Misuse Act 1990:
-
- { heading }
- ...
- 1 -(1) A person is guilty of an offence if-
- (A) he causes a computer to perform any function with intent to secure
- access to any program or data held in any computer;
- (b) the access he intends to secure is unauthorised; and
- (c) he knows at the time when he causes the computer to perform the
- function that that is the case.
-
- (2) The intent a person has to have to commit an offence under this secton
- need not be directed at -
- (a) any particular program or data;
- (b) a program or data of any particular kind; or
- (c) a program or data held in any particular computer.
-
- { up to 6 months prison, or a medium scale - level 5 - fine, or both}
-
- 2 {similar - but access with intent to commit or facilitate further offnces}
-
- 3 -(1) A person is guilty of an offence if-
- (a) he does any act which causes an unauthorised modification of the contents
- of any computer; and
- (b) at the time when he does the act he has the requisite intent and the
- requisite knowledge.
-
- (2) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b) above the requisite is an intent
- to cause a modification of the contents of any computer and by so doing-
- (a) to impair the operation of any computer;
- (b) to prevent or hinder access to any program or data held in any comp
- (c) to impair the operation of any such program or the reliability of
- any such data.
-
- (3) {similar clause on direction of intent to section 1}
-
- (4) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b) above the requisite knowledge
- is knowledge that any modification he intends to cause is unauthorised.
-
- (5) It is immaterial for the purposes of this section whether an
- unauthorised modification or any intended effect of it of a kind
- mentioned in subsection (2) above is, or is intended to be, permanent
- or merely temporary.
-
- { such damage not to be within the terms of the Criminal Damage Act 1971 unless
- physical damage is caused }
- { In magistrates court - up to 6 months prison or maximum fine or both}
- { In Crown court up to 5 years prison and/or unlimited fine}
-
- { sections on Jurisdiction - Act applies as long as there is a significant
- UK connection - either accused or target computer was in UK}
- { lots of further legal details - no way am I typing in all that!}
-
- 14. { search warrant to be issued by a judge, not just a magistrate}
-
- 15. { Extradition attempts possible for offences unders sections 2 or 3
- conspiracy to commit such, or attempt to commit section 3 offence}
-
- { more verbiage}
-
- 17. {lots of definitions - Computer is _not_ formally defined anywhere
- in English Law}
- {Definition of Access - seems to cover anything you could think of
- doing with a computer}
- {defiitions of unauthorised - again rather wide}
- { ... }
- (10) Refences to a program include refences to part of a program.
-
- --------------
-
- There ya have it. I personally would like to wish Apache Warrior, Ice-9,
- and the rest of ARCV luck in the upcoming legal mess they face. I was sorry
- to hear about the bust of the group, but even sorrier when I found out that
- some of the members were arrested solely because they had a hand in virus
- production. When you commit fraud, you are breaking the law, and yes, you
- should be held accountable for your actions. I tend to have the opposite
- point of view when it comes to authoring a virus, however. Simply writing code
- should never be illegal. Spreading, yes, but writing? No. Unfortunately, the
- "powers that be" don't always see it as I do.
-
- --DecimatoR
-
-