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- **********************************
- * Deoxyribonuclease I signatures *
- **********************************
-
- Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) (EC 3.1.21.1) [1] is a vertebrate enzyme which
- catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage of double-stranded DNA to 5'-
- phosphodinucleotide and 5'-phosphooligonucleotide end-products. DNase I is an
- enzyme involved in DNA degradation; it is normally secreted outside of the
- cell but seems to be able to gain access to the nucleus where it is involved
- in cell death by apoptosis [2].
-
- As shown in the following schematic representation, DNase I is a glycoprotein
- of about 260 residues with two conserved disulfide bonds.
-
- +-+ +--------+
- | | | |
- xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx#xxxxxxCxCxxxxx#xxxxxxxxxCxxxxxxxxCxxxxxxxxxxxxx
- ***** ****
-
- 'C': conserved cysteine involved in a disulfide bond.
- '#': active site residue.
- '*': position of the patterns.
-
- DNase I has a pH-optimum around 7.5 and requires calcium and magnesium for
- full activity. It causes single strand nicks in duplex DNA. A proton acceptor-
- donor chain composed of an histidine 134 and a glutamic acid produce a
- nucleophilic hydroxyl ion from water, which cleaves the 3'-P-O bond [3].
- DNase I is inhibited by actin with which it forms a stoechiometric 1:1
- complex [4].
-
- -Consensus pattern: Y-D-D-G-C-E-x-C-G-N-D
- [The two C's are involved in a disulfide bond]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [KR]-x-F-A-I-V-[AP]-L-H-[SA](2)-P
- [H is an active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Expert(s) to contact by email: Peitsch M.C.
- mcp13936@ggr.co.uk
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Suck D., Oefner C.
- Nature 321:620-625(1986).
- [ 2] Peitsch M.C., Polzar B., Stephan H., Crompton T., McDonald H.R.,
- Mannherz H.G., Tschopp J.
- EMBO J. 12:371-377(1993).
- [ 3] Suck D., Lahm A., Oefner C.
- Nature 332:464-468(1988).
- [ 4] Kabsch W., Mannherz H.G., Suck D., Pai E.F., Holmes K.C.
- Nature 347:37-44(1990).
-