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- FOREWORD
- The CCITT (the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative
- Committee) is the permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union
- (ITU). CCITT is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff
- questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing
- telecommunications on a worldwide basis.
- The Plenary Assembly of CCITT which meets every four years, establishes
- the topics for study and approves Recommendations prepared by its Study Groups.
- The approval of Recommendations by the members of CCITT between Plenary
- Assemblies is covered by the procedure laid down in CCITT Resolution No. 2
- (Melbourne, 1988).
- Recommendation H.230 was prepared by Study Group XV and was approved under
- the Resolution No. 2 procedure on the 14 of December 1990.
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- CCITT NOTE
- In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for
- conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication Administration and a recognized
- private operating agency.
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- F ITU 1990
- All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
- any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
- microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU.
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- PAGE BLANCHE
- Recommendation H.230
- Recommendation H.230
- FRAME-SYNCHRONOUS CONTROL AND INDICATION SIGNALS
- FOR AUDIOVISUAL SYSTEMS
- 1 Introduction
- Digital audiovisual services are provided by a transmission system in
- which the relevant signals are multiplexed onto a digital path. In addition to
- the audio, video, user data and telematic information, these signals include
- information for the proper functioning of the system. The additional information
- has been named control and indication (C&I) to reflect the fact that while some
- bits are genuinely for "control", causing a state change somewhere else in the
- system, others provide for indications to the users as to the functioning of the
- system.
- The C&I may be categorized into three groups:
- a) call control - these are treated in Recommendations of the Q-Series;
- b) transmission frame-synchronous, or otherwise requiring rapid response;
- c) conference, data, and Telematic control not requiring frame
- synchronism, governed by the multilayer protocol (MLP) of
- Recommendation H.200/AV.270.
- This Recommendation concerns only those C&I coming in category b) which
- includes a simplified set of conference C&I for multipoint connections of simple
- terminals.
- 2 Procedures
- There are two procedures: some frame-synchronous C&I are provided for
- directly as a bit-rate allocation signal (BAS) codes in Recommendation H.221,
- while the remainder require the use of an escape code.
- 2.1 C&I codes provided in Recommendation H.221
- The following codes, whose functions are defined in section 3, are
- provided in Recommendation H.221:
- - VCF, VCU (procedures for use in multipoint calls according to
- Recommendation H.200/AV.243);
- - LCV, LCD, LCA, LCO (for maintenance - no standardized procedures).
- In each case the code is transmitted in the BAS position at an appropriate
- time.
- 2.2 Other C&I codes
- All frame-synchronous C&I codes not listed in section 2.1 are transmitted
- by a sequence involving the BAS positions in two consecutive sub-multiframes. In
- the first, the code (111)[10001] is transmitted. In the second, the code defined
- in Table 1/H.230 is transmitted.
- It should be noted that only one symbol is transmitted by this method -
- the code in the subsequent sub-multiframe is again treated as a normal BAS code.
- 3 Definitions of C&I symbols
- The full definitions of these symbols are set out below and code values in
- Table 1/H.230. (The first letter of the alphabetic code-name indicates the type;
- the second is C for command, I for indication; the third is for the specific
- function.)
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- H.230 PAGE5
- 3.1 C&I related to video
- VIS Video Indicate Suppressed: this symbol is used to indicate that the
- content of the video channel does not represent a normal camera
- image. The video encoder may be without video input or an
- electronically-generated pattern may have been substituted.
- VIA Video Indicate Active: complementary to VIS. The video source is
- the only one, or, in the case that more video sources are to be
- distinguished, it is that designated "video No. 1".
- VIA2 Equivalent to VIA, but designating "video No. 2" as the source.
- VIA3 Equivalent to VIA, but designating "video No. 3" as the source.
- VIR Video Indicate Ready-to-Activate: this symbol is transmitted by a
- terminal whose user has decided not to send video unless he will
- also receive video from the other end.
- VCF Video Command "Freeze-Picture Request": this symbol may be
- transmitted prior to the "video-off" mode switch, to prepare the
- video decoder for this event. This symbol is also transmitted by a
- multipoint control unit (MCU) prior to video switching. On receipt,
- a terminal video decoder should complete updating of the current
- video frame but subsequently display the frozen picture until
- receipt of the freeze-picture release control which is embedded in
- the video.
- VCU Video Command "Fast Update Request": this symbol is transmitted by an
- MCU after performing a video switch. It may also be transmitted by
- a terminal at the start of communication when the video decoder is
- first ready to receive. On receipt, the terminal video encoder
- should enter the fast-update mode at its earliest opportunity.
- 3.2 C&I related to audio
- AIM Audio Indicate Muted: this symbol is used to indicate that the
- content of the audio channel does not represent a normal audio
- signal. The audio encoder may be without audio input or an
- electronically-generated tone may have been substituted.
- AIA Audio Indicate Active: complementary to AIM.
- 3.3 C&I for maintenance purposes
- LCV Loopback Command, "Video Loop Request": on receipt of this symbol, a
- terminal must connect the output of the video decoder to the input
- of the video encoder.
- LCD Loopback Command, "Digital Loop Request": on receipt of this symbol,
- the terminal must disconnect the output of the multiplexer from the
- outgoing path, replacing it with the input to the demultiplexer. In
- the case of multiple B or H0 connections, loopback is activat d in
- each connection.
- LCA Loopback Command, "Audio Loop Request": on receipt of this symbol, the
- terminal should if possible connect the output of the audio decoder
- to the input of the audio encoder.
- LCO Loopback Command Off: on receipt of this symbol, the terminal must
- disconnect all loops and restore audio and data paths to their
- normal condition.
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- PAGE4 styleref head_footRecommendation H.230
- 3.4 C&I related to simple multipoint conferences not using MLP
- Note - Some of the following codes may be cancelled by transmission of
- appropriate codes as listed in Table 1/H.230 but not separately defined here.
- MCV Multipoint Command Visualization-Forcing: transmitted by a terminal to
- force an associated MCU to broadcast its video signal. (Used to
- transmit the picture of a chairman or VIP, alternatively to hold a
- picture source during the transmission of graphics.)
- MIV Multipoint Indication Visualization: transmitted by an MCU to
- indicate to a terminal that its video signal is being seen by other
- terminals (otherwise known as "On-air" indication).
- MCC Multipoint Command Conference: transmitted by an MCU to a terminal. The
- terminal receiving MCC must make its outgoing transfer rate equal
- to its incoming transfer rate, and its outgoing audio rate equal to
- its incoming audio rate.
- Note - The command could also be used to invoke an on-screen user
- indication.
- MCS Multipoint Command Symmetrical Data-transmission: transmitted by an
- MCU when setting up data broadcasting. On receipt, a terminal must
- prepare itself for data reception and ensure, by mode change if
- necessary, that its outgoing data channel occupies the same
- capacity as its incoming data channel. A terminal in receipt of MCS
- cannot initiate data broadcasting.
- MCN Multipoint Command Negating MCS: transmitted by an MCU at the
- completion of data broadcasting. On receipt, a terminal must close
- any outgoing data channel which it has opened as a result of the
- previous reception of MCS. Following the end of data reception and
- the receipt of MCN, a terminal is permitted to initiate data
- broadcasting.
- MIL Multipoint Indication Loop: an MCU has had its ports externally
- looped. The topic is for further study.
- MIZ Multipoint Indication Zero-communication: transmitted by an MCU to
- a terminal for information, with the meaning that no other
- terminals are yet connected to the MCU.
- MIS Multipoint Indication Secondary-status: transmitted by an MCU to a
- terminal for information, with the meaning that since other
- terminals of higher capability are participating in the conference
- call, this terminal will not necessarily receive all the signals
- that are sent to those other terminals (see
- Recommendation H.200/AV.243).
- MCA Multipoint Command Assign-token: possession of the token gives the
- holding terminal the right to give the MCU certain commands (see
- Recommendation H.200/AV.243).
- MCT Multipoint Command Token-claim: sent by a terminal to the MCU. The MCU
- accedes to this claim if the token is unassigned or has been
- released.
- MCR Multipoint Command Release-token: sent to the MCU by the terminal
- holding the token to give the MCU the authority to reassign the
- token to another terminal when/if it receives MCT.
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- H.230 PAGE5
- 4 Requirements for C&I
- The C&I functions are defined such that, under various appropriate
- circumstances, the audiovisual system will operate in a fault-free manner and
- also such that sympathetic presentation to users is possible. Some functions must
- therefore be mandatory, others optional. This section, together with the
- categorization in Table 1/H.230, clarifies the circumstances under which C&I
- functions are mandatory.
- CM denotes "conditionally mandatory": if the terminal (or MCU) is
- capable of entering the given state, then it must transmit the
- given code and, when leaving that state, the complementary code. If
- it has no such capability it can ignore both.
- M denotes "mandatory" for all equipments of either terminal or MCU
- type.
- X denotes "non-mandatory": on receipt of such a code, it may be
- unrecognized, or recognized but not acted upon, or recognized and
- acted upon, entirely at the discretion of the manufacturer or user.
- NA denotes that the code is not applicable in that case.
- It will be noted that there are only a few mandatory requirements on most
- terminals. All audiovisual terminals must recognize and obey the command to make
- or break the digital loopback, and video loopback if they have video capability.
- All terminals having a vid o capability must also obey fast-update, freeze-
- picture, and MCS/MCN, otherwise there will be system misoperation on a multipoint
- call.
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- include 230-T01ETABLE 1/H.230
- Code Value Transmit Receive Reference for
- procedures
- First 3 Last 5 bits Termin MCU Termin MCU
- bits in al al
- decimal
- form
- (000) [0,1] Reserved
- [2] AIM CM CM X X Section 3.2
- [3] AIA CM CM X X
- [4-15] Reserved
- [16] VIS CM CM X X Section 3.1
- [17] VIA CM CM X X Section 3.1
- [18] VIA2 X NA X X H.320/AV.312
- [19] VIA3 X NA X X H.320/AV.312
- [20-30] Reserved
- [31] VIR X NA X NA H.320
- (001) [0] MCC NA
- [1] Cancel-MCC
- [2] MIZ
- [3] Cancel-MIZ
- [4] MIS
- [5] Cancel-MIS
- [6,7] Reserved
- [8] MCT
- [9] MCR
- [10] MCA
- [11-15] Reserved
- [16] MCV
- [17] Cancel-MCV
- [18] MIV
- [19] Cancel-MIV
- [20] MCS
- [21] MCN
- [22-30] Reserved
- [31] MIL
- PAGE4 styleref head_footRecommendation H.230
- NA M M NA H.200/AV.243
- NA M M NA H.200/AV.243
- NA M X NA H.200/AV.243
- NA M X NA H.200/AV.243
- NA M X NA H.200/AV.243
- M X NA H.200/AV.243
- X
- X NA NA M H.200/AV.243
- X NA NA M H.200/AV.243
- NA NA M H.200/AV.243
- X
- X NA NA M H.200/AV.243
- NA NA NA M H.200/AV.243
- NA M X NA H.200/AV.243
- NA M X NA H.200/AV.243
- NA M M NA H.200/AV.243
- M M NA H.200/AV.243
- NA
- NA NA M
- (111) All codes forbidden
- Code values listed VCF X M M NA H.221
- in Recommendation H.221, VCU X M M NA H.221
- Annex A LCV NA NA CM NA H.221
- LCA NA NA X X H.221
- LCD NA NA M X H.221
- LCO NA NA M X H.221
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- H.230 PAGE5
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- PAGE4 styleref head_footRecommendation H.230
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- IMPORT
- R:\\ART\\W INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
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- CCITT H.230
- THE INTERNATIONAL
- TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE
- CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE
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- LINE TRANSMISSION
- OF NON-TELEPHONE SIGNALS
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- FRAME-SYNCHRONOUS CONTROL
- AND INDICATION SIGNALS
- FOR AUDIOVISUAL SYSTEMS
-
-
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- Recommendation H.230
-
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- IMPORT Geneva, 1990
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- H.230 PAGE5
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