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TED.DOC
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1984-04-29
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TED USER'S MANUAL
CP/M VERSION 1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
INFORMATION REQUEST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
APPEND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
DELETE LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
INSERT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
COPY LINE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
LOCATE LINE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
MOVE LINE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
PRINT LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
QUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
SUBSTITUTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
WRITE FILE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
ERROR MESSAGE'S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
1
TED USER'S MANUAL
INTRODUCTION
TED is a simple, easy-to-use, and yet powerful text
editor designed for use with any standard CP/M system with
24K bytes or more of memory. To use TED type:
TED <filename>
or
TED <filename>.<filetype>
where <filename> specifies a standard CP/M file to be edited
or created. An omitted file name is considered to be a
filename of all blanks.
TED is "self-helping" and may be used productively
without further reference to this documentation!
TED is line-oriented, meaning that lines of text within
the file may be referenced by absolute or relative line
numbers. Additionally, pattern search may be used to locate
a line and for global substition within a specified range of
lines. The size of the file to be edited is not limited to
internal buffer size. TED creates temporary disk files to
extend the available buffer space. Version 1.1 limits files
to 2048 lines of up to 128 characters per line (slightly
larger than the capacity of a standard 8-inch diskette).
Although TED is a general purpose editor, it has a
companion program called PRO. PRO is a powerful test
processor for formatting textual information. This document
was developed using both TED and PRO. PRO commands may be
referenced via the self-helping feature of TED.
2
TED USER'S MANUAL
All the edit commands, including the information
request, will be briefly explained in the following
paragraphs. Arguments depicted by n1 and n2 are signed
integer numbers.
n1 or n2 meaning
25 line number 25
-10 line number ten prior to the current line.
+5 line number five relative to the current
line.
3
TED USER'S MANUAL
INFORMATION REQUEST
Format:
?[char]
Operand:
char...........Char is one of TED's command characters.
Description:
The information request command provides instructions on
the use of TED commands. The information command '?'
followed by a carriage return, prints an introduction to
TED, and instructions for obtaining more detailed
information. The following is a list of information command
options.
? general information
?a append info
?d delete lines info
?i insert info
?k copy line info
?l locate line info
?m move line info
?p print lines info
?q quit info
?s substitute substring info
?t text processor commands list info
?w write file info
A question mark '?' should appear in the first column of the
line. Blank characters or tab characters separating the
question mark and the command character are ignored. Only
the first displayable character of a command is checked.
4
TED USER'S MANUAL
APPEND
Format:
a
<text>
.
Description:
The APPEND command is used to change the edit mode to the
input mode. This command consists of an ASCII character 'a'
followed immediately by a carriage return. TED will give a
response: 'APPEND:' and a carriage return. Then TED is ready
to accept input text. New lines are appended after the
current line. When a line containing only a period is typed
the user is returned to the EDIT mode. TED will give a
prompt with 'EDIT:' followed by a carriage return, and edit
level indicator '====>'.
Example:
====>a
APPEND:
This text is appended to the
current line. The input mode will be
ended by a line that contains a period only,
like the line below
.
EDIT:
====>
5
TED USER'S MANUAL
DELETE LINES
Format:
[n1][,n2]d
Operands:
n1............Beginning line number to be deleted. If not
specified, the current line is assumed. If
preceded by a plus or minus sign, n1 is
added to, or subtracted from, the current
line.
n2............Ending line number to be deleted. If not
specified, only one line is deleted.
Description:
The delete command is used to delete a line or group of
lines in the buffer. The line following the last line
deleted becomes the current line.
Example:
3d deletes line number three.
3,6d deletes lines number three through six.
,+5d deletes the current line through next
five lines.
d deletes the current line.
6
TED USER'S MANUAL
INSERT
Format:
i
<text>
.
Description:
The INSERT command is used to insert an additional line or
lines before the current line. The input text is ended by
typing a period alone at the beginning of a line, followed
by a carriage return. This command differs from the APPEND
command only in the placement of the input text.
Example:
====>i
INSERT:
This text is inserted prior to
the current line.
.
EDIT:
====>
7
TED USER'S MANUAL
COPY LINE
Format:
n1,n2 k
Operands:
n1............The line number to be copied. If preceded by
a plus or minus sign, n1 is added to, or
subtracted from, the current line.
n2............The destination to where the line must be
copied. If preceded by a plus or minus sign,
n2 is added to, or subtracted from, the
current line.
Description:
The COPY command is used to copy the line specified, to
the line destination. This new line becomes the current
line. If the destination line is greater than the last line
number, this line will be appended to the last line in the
file.
Example:
====>3,8k
8 (the copied line is displayed here).
====>
8
TED USER'S MANUAL
LOCATE LINE
Format:
l/pattern/
Operands:
/.............A delimiter of the pattern specified. Any
displayable character may be used instead of
a slash.
pattern.......The string pattern to be searched for.
Description:
The LOCATE command is used to locate the first line,
starting with the line following the current line, which has
the occurance of the pattern specified. If the last line is
reached and no pattern is matched, TED will prompt with a
message - 'CANNOT FIND:' followed by the pattern specified.
If locate is successful, the line will be displayed, and
becomes the current line.
Example:
====>l;ofrmat;
23 Each command has its own ofrmat.
====>
9
TED USER'S MANUAL
MOVE LINE
Format:
n1,n2 m
Operands:
n1............The line to be moved. If preceded by a plus
or minus sign, n1 is added to, or subtracted
from, the current line.
n2............The new location of the moved line. If
preceded by a plus or minus sign, n2 is
added to, or subtracted from, the current
line.
Description:
The MOVE command is used to move a line from one location
to another. The new location of the line becomes the current
line. This line is removed from the old location.
Example:
====>11,20m
20 (the moved line is displayed here).
====>
10
TED USER'S MANUAL
PRINT LINES
Format:
[n1] [,n2]|+|-|:
Operands:
n1............The beginning line to be displayed.
n2............The last line to be displayed.
+.............The line after the current line.
-.............The line prior to the current line.
:.............Displays 16 lines starting from the current
line.
Description:
The print lines command requests TED to type out a group
of one or more lines. A carriage return without any
character preceding it, prints the current line.
Example:
====>1,5 prints line one through line five.
====>,+9 prints 10 lines starting from the current
line.
====>25 prints line number 25.
11
TED USER'S MANUAL
QUIT
Format:
q
Description:
The quit command is used to exit the edit session without
altering the source file. All current editting is lost. As a
precaution, TED will prompt with the message "WRITE?????"
whenever the first entry of the quit command is requested. A
subsequent quit command ends the edit session.
Example:
====>q
WRITE????
====>q
A>
12
TED USER'S MANUAL
SUBSTITUTE
Format:
[n1] [,n2] s/pattern/repl/[g]
Operands:
/.............delimiter, any displayable character may be
used instead of a slash character.
n1............the beginning line of substitution. If not
specified the current line is assumed.
n2............the ending line of substitution. n2 should
be greater than n1
pattern.......the pattern to be replaced.
repl..........the replacement string. The null string is
included.
g.............global replacement indicator.
Description:
The substitute command is used to search for an occurance
of the specified pattern, and replace it with the
replacement string. If the replacement is made, the line is
displayed. If no occurance is found, TED gives a message:
"CANNOT FIND: 'pattern'." If the global replacement
indicator is used, all occurances of the pattern in each
line are replaced. Line length is truncated to 128 if the
resulting replacement makes the line length overflow.
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TED USER'S MANUAL
Example:
====>16,40s;change;replace;g
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TED USER'S MANUAL
WRITE FILE
Format:
w
Description:
The write file command writes the updated disk file and
deletes temporary files. No backup file is created. After
the file is written, control is returned to the operating
system.
Example:
====>w
A>
15
TED USER'S MANUAL
ERROR MESSAGES
DESCRIPTION:
TED's error messages are self-explanatory, for example: if
you attempt to write to a disk which already has 256 records
on it TED will respond with the message 'DISK FULL'. If your
directory is full TED will respond with the message
'DIRECTORY SPACE FULL'. These types of errors are considered
fatal, and in the case of fatal errors TED will print the
error message and return to CP/M. If this occurs you may
find you have two working files on your disk, NEW.$$$ and
REV.$$$. Since these files take up disk space during the
edit session you may run out of disk space much sooner then
you might have imagined! It is recommended that you have at
least 2.5 times as much space on the disk as the size of the
file you are intending to edit. If you have made several
changes to your file and you get a 'DISK FULL' error you may
be able to recover some of the changes you have made by
inspecting the first part of your NEW.$$$ file. It may or
may not contain the latest changes made. If it does, you may
combine it with the original file using the PIP command.
The following errors are fatal errors:-
FILE EXTENSION ERROR
DISK FULL
DIRECTORY SPACE FULL
DISK ERROR
CLOSE NEWFILE ERROR
CLOSE REVFILE ERROR
CLOSE OLDFILE ERROR
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TED USER'S MANUAL
MEMORY OVERFLOW(CP/M SYSTEM IS TOO SMALL FOR TED)
In addition to the fatal errors there are various errors
in command format. These are not considered fatal errors and
TED will wait for further input after printing an
appropriate error message. The non-fatal errors include the
following:-
MISSING OPERAND
NO SUCH LINE(ON DELETE COMMANDS)
INVALID COMMAND
INVALID NUMBER(ANY NUMBER >2048 OR EQUAL TO 0)
INVALID LOCATE
INVALID SUBSTITUTE
17
TED USER'S MANUAL
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
TED is a modified version of ED an editor designed and
implemented by LTCOL Triyono at the Naval Postgraduate
School as part of his thesis research. ED was designed to
run on the ISIS-II operating system and was part of a TEXT
processing system entered in the Intel Insite library
contest which eventually won the grand prize.
Many of the data structures used in ED and TED were
originally designed by professor Gary Kildall. LCDR Frank
Burkhead served as LTCOL Triyono's thesis advisor and
contributed his guidance and experience during the
development of the original system. Alterations to ED to
allow TED to run on CP/M were made by LT Mark Moranville and
LCDR Frank Burkhead. Further information on TED may be
obtained from:-
LT Mark Moranville(code 52mi)
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, Calif 93940
ph 408-646-2253
LCDR Frank Burkhead(code 52bg)
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, Calif 93940
ph 408-646-2449
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