Mega Top 1/os2_top1.zip/os2_top1/APPS/DATACOM/INTERNET/WARPIAK/NR2V109.ZIP/HELP/NR2.HLP

OS/2 Help File | 1994-12-12 | 610KB | 5,849 lines

ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 1. What Is NewsReader/2? ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 Welcome to NewsReader/2!

NewsReader/2 is an OS/2* function that you can use to share information with
the various newsgroups on the Internet.

Note:  To access Internet newsgroups, you must connect to a User's Network
(USENET) news server.

This help will assist you in starting, using, and exiting NewsReader/2.

A summary of usability highlights is included.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 1.1. What Is USENET? ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The User's Network (USENET) is a large collection of discussion groups
accessible world-wide. Each group contains articles about a particular topic.
You can read the articles in a newsgroup, post replies to articles, or post
your own articles.

If you are not familiar with news services, you should review the following
topics:

o What is news?
o What is a newsgroup?
o What is a post?
o What are the rules of etiquette?


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 1.2. Etiquette Guidelines ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

There are definite guidelines outlining Internet etiquette. The
news.announce.newusers newsgroup contains information about the Internet and
the etiquette guidelines for network interaction. This newsgroup contains
valuable information for new users and should be reviewed in its entirety.

Notes:

 1. By default, the etiquette reminder dialog box is displayed when you begin
    posting activities.

    To suppress this dialog: .

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar.
    b. Select Posting from the Configure pull-down menu.
    c. Deselect the Warn about etiquette check box.

 2. A sample news.announce.newusers newsgroup Article List is shown below:


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2. What Can I Do with NewsReader/2? ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

With NewsReader/2, you can:

o View available newsgroups
o Subscribe to newsgroups and cancel your subscriptions
o View news articles
o Post your own news articles
o Post a reply to a news article
o Mail a reply to a news article
o Save an article to a file for viewing a later time
o Specify a news server using the Configuration notebook


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.1. Starting NewsReader/2 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select by double-clicking on this icon in the Internet Connection for OS/2
folder.

You can copy the NewsReader/2 icon to your desktop area for easier access.

Unless you have preconfigured your news server using the Configuration notebook
or your service provider, on your initial session you must supply the name of
the news server to which you want to connect when the NewsReader/2 dialog box
is displayed:

When the connection to the server has been completed, the initial NewsReader/2
window is displayed.

Notes:

 1. You can also start NewsReader/2 by entering the NR2 command at an OS/2
    command prompt.

 2. If a message is displayed when your newsgroups are being loaded informing
    you that a newsgroup could not be found on the news server:

   o Browse the newsgroups listed in the main window until you locate the
     newsgroup with the notation Not found on server.

   o Delete the newsgroup (using the Unsubscribe option from the Actions
     pull-down menu of the main window).

 3. If you are not connected to a news server, you can select Choose news
    server from the Actions pull-down menu of the main NewsReader/2 menu to
    connect to a news server.

    To start your session, select File from the main menu bar and then select
    Load newsgroups.

 4. If you have previously connected to a news server other than Advantis and
    now want to use an Advantis news server, specify default as the server name
    in the Choose news server dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.1.1. Main NewsReader/2 Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The name of your news server (for example, SERNEWS) is displayed in the title
bar of the main window.

This window contains a list of the newsgroups you have subscribed to. When you
select a newsgroup by double-clicking on its name, the Article List window is
brought to the foreground, allowing you to view the list of articles contained
in that newsgroup.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NR2 Command Line Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can enter the following command at an OS/2 command prompt:

ΓöÇΓöÇnr2ΓöÇΓöÇΓö¼ΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓö¼ΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇ
         Γö£ΓöÇserverΓöÇΓöÇΓö¼ΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓö¼ΓöÇΓöñ
         Γöé         Γö£ΓöÇ/ncΓöÇΓöñ Γöé
         Γöé         ΓööΓöÇ/uΓöÇΓöÇΓöÿ Γöé
         Γö£ΓöÇ/sΓöÇΓöÇΓö¼ΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓö¼ΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöñ
         Γöé     ΓööΓöÇ/ncΓöÇΓöÿ     Γöé
         Γö£ΓöÇ/ncΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöñ
         Γö£ΓöÇ/?ΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöñ
         ΓööΓöÇ-?ΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÇΓöÿ


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Copying the NewsReader/2 Icon to Your Desktop ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can copy the NewsReader/2 icon to your desktop area for easy access.

 1. Select by double-clicking on the Internet Connection for OS/2 folder.

 2. Select with mouse button 2 the NewsReader/2 icon (shown above).

 3. Select the Copy option from the cascaded menu.

 4. Select the Desktop tab.

 5. Select the Copy push button on the Internet Connection for OS/2 Copy
    window.

You can now begin a NewsReader/2 session from your desktop area.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Internet Connection for OS/2 Copy Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NewsReader/2 Icon ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.2. Listing Newsgroups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To list of all the newsgroups available from your current news server, select
List all newsgroups from the File pull-down menu on the main NewsReader/2
window.

The following dialog box is displayed:

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o No to load your current NEWS.ALL file information, close the dialog box, and
  open the All Groups window, from which you can subscribe to newsgroups.

o Yes to update the current list of newsgroups from your news server, build a
  new NEWS.ALL file, close the dialog box, and open the All Groups window, from
  which you can subscribe to newsgroups.

  During the build operation, the dialog box shows build status and allows you
  to cancel the build.

o Cancel to cancel your request and close the dialog box.

Notes:

 1. For your first NewsReader/2 session, no newsgroups are displayed because
    you do not have any subscriptions yet. You must first set up your initial
    subscriptions.

 2. If you chose to be informed about the creation of new groups, the New
    Groups window is displayed when you start a session, listing newsgroups
    formed since your last session.

    If no new groups were formed, the New Groups window is not displayed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.3. Viewing News Articles ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To view articles from your newsgroup subscriptions:

 1. Select by double-clicking on the name of the newsgroup in your main window
    list box.

    The articles in the selected newsgroup are loaded into the Article List
    window.

 2. Select by double-clicking on the name of the article you want to read in
    the Article List window.

    The selected article is loaded into the Article window for your review.

You can choose from the many functions available from the Article List and
Article windows.

Notes:

 1. To view another article from the same newsgroup, select by double-clicking
    on the name of that article in the Article List window.

 2. To view another article from within the Article window, press:

   o n to view the next article in the current newsgroup
   o p to view the previous article in the current newsgroup

 3. To view articles from another newsgroup, select by double-clicking on the
    name of the newsgroup in the main NewsReader/2 list box.

 4. You can also save an article to a file for viewing a later time.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.4. Subscribing to Newsgroups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To subscribe to newsgroup(s) on your news server, you can do any of the
following:

o You can select by double-clicking on the name of a newsgroup in the New
  Groups window. This window is displayed when a session is started if any
  newsgroups have been formed since your last session and Inform about the
  creation of new groups is chosen.

o If you know the group name, select Subscribe to from the Actions pull-down
  menu on the main NewsReader/2 window.

  The Add Group dialog box is displayed:

  To subscribe to a newsgroup, enter the group name and select the OK push
  button.

o If you do not know the newsgroup name, you can view the All Groups window and
  select the Add Groups from the Actions pull-down menu to subscribe to
  selected newsgroups. You can also select by double-clicking on the name of
  the newsgroup in the All Groups window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.5. Cancelling Subscriptions to Newsgroups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To cancel your subscription to a newsgroup:

 1. Select (highlight) the newsgroup you want to delete.

 2. Select Unsubscribe from the Actions pull-down menu of the main NewsReader/2
    window.

 3. You are asked to verify that you want to delete the highlighted group:

   o Select the Yes push button to delete the highlighted subscription and
     close the dialog box.

   o Select the No push button close the dialog box without deleting the
     subscription.

Note:  You can delete multiple newsgroups from your NEWS.GRP file after you
have ended your NewsReader/2 session.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.6. Posting News Articles ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To post a news article, select Post from the Actions pull-down menu of either
the Article List or main NewsReader/2 windows:

 1. If this is your first post and you are using a service provider other than
    Internet Connection Services, a dialog is presented for you to confirm or
    revise your posting information.

    Press the OK push button to continue.

    If you want to change your posting information after your initial post or
    if you are using Internet Connection Services:

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar
    b. Select Posting

 2. The etiquette reminder dialog box is displayed:

   o Select the Yes push button to continue.
   o Select the No push button to cancel your post.
   o Select the Help pushbutton for more information.

    Note:  To suppress the etiquette reminder dialog: .

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar.
    b. Select Posting from the Configure pull-down menu.
    c. Deselect the Warn about etiquette check box.

 3. Enter your post information in the dialog box displayed:

   o The newsgroup (or newsgroups separated by a blank space, a comma, or both)
     to which you want to post

     Note:  If a newsgroup is selected (highlighted) in the main window or
     displayed in the title bar of the Article List window, it becomes the
     default newsgroup name.

   o The subject (title) of your post.

   o The text of your post in the window area provided.

    Note:  If you designated a custom editor from the Configure pull-down menu
    of the main window, the dialog box (and the corresponding procedure) vary
    slightly from the one shown below.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Post to send the post to the newsgroup(s) indicated.

   o Advanced to include optional posting information.

   o Cancel to end posting activity without saving the post.

   o Help for more information about posting.

Note:  You can designate a custom editor if you want to use an existing file or
post a lengthy reply.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.7. Posting Replies to a News Article ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To post a reply to an article, select Post reply from the Actions pull-down
menu of the Article window:

 1. If this is your first post and you are using a service provider other than
    Internet Connection Services, a dialog is presented for you to confirm or
    revise your posting information.

    Press the OK push button to continue.

    If you want to change your posting information after your initial post or
    if you are using Internet Connection Services:

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar
    b. Select Posting

 2. The etiquette reminder dialog box is displayed:

   o Select the Yes push button to continue.
   o Select the No push button to cancel your post.
   o Select the Help push button for more information.

    Note:  To suppress the etiquette reminder dialog, select Posting from the
    Configure main window menu bar option and then deselect the Warn about
    etiquette check box.

 3. Enter your post information in the dialog box displayed:

   o Confirm the To and Subject information provided.

   o Enter the text of your post in the window area provided.

     The article text is displayed (preceded by the > symbol), allowing you to
     easily identify your input.

    Note: If you designated a custom editor from the Configure pull-down menu
    of the main window, the dialog box (and the corresponding procedure) vary
    slightly from the one shown below.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Post to send the post to the newsgroup(s) indicated.

   o Advanced to include optional posting to information.

   o Cancel to end posting activity without saving the post.

   o Help for more information about posting.

Notes

 1. A return code of 441 indicates that your post failed. If the original
    article text is longer than the reply you are posting, your post can be
    rejected. You should delete part of the article text (marked by a > symbol)
    in order to minimize the size of your post.

 2. You can designate a custom editor if you want to use an existing file or
    post a lengthy reply.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.8. Mailing a Reply to a News Article ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To respond directly to the author of an article in the current Article window,
select Mail reply from the Actions pull-down menu of the Article window.

Enter your reply  in the dialog box displayed:

o Confirm the To and Subject fields and provide the carbon copy information, if
  applicable.

o Enter the text of your e-mail message.

  The article text is displayed (preceded by the > symbol), allowing you to
  easily identify your input.

o Select the Send push button to send your e-mail message or the Cancel push
  button to cancel the operation.

Note:  If you designated a custom editor from the Configure pull-down menu of
the main window, the dialog box (and the corresponding procedure) vary slightly
from the one described here.

Your reply will be mailed via SENDMAIL.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.9. Saving News Articles ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To save the current news article to a designated file:

 1. Select Save as from the File pull-down menu of the Article window.

    The following dialog box is displayed:

 2. If you do not want to save the article to a file in the current directory,
    select the appropriate drive letter and directory from the Directories list
    box.

    If you know the file name and path and you do not want to navigate through
    the Directories list box, you can enter the path and filename in the
    Filename field.

    This information is saved for future sessions.

 3. Select the Append to file check box if you want the article appended to the
    bottom of the file. (If the file does not exist, NewsReader/2 will ask you
    if you want to create it.)

    If this option is not chosen, you are prompted to confirm that you want to
    write over existing files.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to save the article and close this dialog box.
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without saving the article.
   o Help to obtain more information on this topic.

Notes:

 1. Selecting Save from the File pull-down menu of the Article window appends
    the current article to the bottom of the TCPIP\ETC\LOG\USEFUL.NEW file.

 2. You can also drag and drop articles to your desktop area.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Specifying a Server Using the Configuration Notebook ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can use the Configure Services (TELNET, HOSTS, RHOSTS) page of the
Configuration notebook to configure NewsReader/2. This page contains a field
where you can specify the host name or IP address of your news server.

Note:  This information should be provided by your system administrator or
service provider.

When you enter the host name or IP address of the news server and exit the
Configuration notebook, TCP/IP sets the NEWSSERVER environment variable in your
CONFIG.SYS file. This change is effective when you restart your system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2.10. Ending a NewsReader/2 Session ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can end your NewsReader/2 session in one of the following ways:

o Select the Exit NewsReader/2 item from the File pull-down menu of the main
  NewsReader/2 window.

o Press function key 3.

o Close the NewsReader/2 window by clicking on the icon at the left of the
  window and then select the Close menu item.

You will be asked to confirm that you want to end your session.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Specifies the host name or IP address of the news server to which you want to
connect.

Note: If you have previously connected to a news server other than Advantis and
now want to use an Advantis news server, specify default as the server name.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> /s ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Causes NewsReader/2 to prompt you to enter the host name or IP address of a
news server to access.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> /nc ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Starts NewsReader/2 without connecting to the news server. You can use this
option to import a NEWSRC file from a UNIX system. For example, you could
import a news file (NEWS.GRP) from a UNIX-format NEWSRC file in your ETC
subdirectory.

You can also use this option if you want to learn how to use NewsReader/2 but
do not have a news server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> /u ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Starts NewsReader/2 in update mode. In update mode, NewsReader/2 accesses the
news server and obtains an updated set of all newsgroups for later display in
your ALL GROUPS window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> /? ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Displays help for the nr2 command.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> -? ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Displays help for the nr2 command.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Post Edit Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

When you chose a custom editor, you will use an edit window (similar to the one
shown below) to create your post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mail Edit Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

When you chose a custom editor, you will use an edit window (similar to the one
shown below) to create your reply.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Posting with a Custom Editor ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

If you have selected a custom editor, you can complete your post as follows:

 1. Enter your post information in the dialog box displayed:

   o The newsgroup (or newsgroups separated by a blank space, a comma, or both)
     to which you want to post

     If a newsgroup is selected (highlighted) in the window you are posting
     from, that newsgroup becomes the default newsgroup name.

   o The subject (title) of your post.

 2. Select the Edit push button and enter your post text in the editor window.

    Note:  You can designate a custom editor by selecting Editor from the
    Configure pull-down menu of the NewsReader/2 main menu.

 3. Select Save and close to return to the Post window.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Edit to revise your post text.
   o Post to send the post to the newsgroup(s) indicated.
   o Advanced to include optional posting to information.
   o Cancel to end posting activity without saving the post.
   o Help for more information about posting.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Custom Editor Post Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using the following dialog box, you can specify a custom editor that you can
use for revising signature and blockfiles, posting activities, and mailing
replies to news articles.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Using Drag and Drop to Save Articles ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can drag and drop an article to your desktop area from the Article window.
Holding down mouse button 2, drag the NewsReader/2 title bar icon (in the upper
left corner of the window) and release it on the desktop area.

You cannot access the article from the desktop. It is stored in a file
(DESKTOP\ARTICLE.TXT).

If ARTICLE.TXT already exists, the following dialog box is displayed:

 1. Select one of the following radio buttons:

   o Rename object to (or use the default name) to create a new file.

   o Replace existing object to write over the ARTICLE.TXT file.

   o Append to existing object to append your current article text to the
     bottom of the ARTICLE.TXT file.

 2. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to save the article and close the dialog box.
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without saving the article.
   o Help to obtain more information about this dialog.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mailing Replies with a Custom Editor ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

If you have selected a custom editor, you can complete your e-mail reply as
follows:

 1. Confirm the To and Subject fields and provide the carbon copy information,
    if applicable.

 2. Select the Edit push button and enter your e-mail message in the editor
    window.

    The article text is displayed (preceded by the > symbol), allowing you to
    easily identify your input.

    Note:  You can designate a custom editor by selecting Editor from the
    Configure pull-down menu of the NewsReader/2 main menu.

 3. Select Save and close to return to the Post window.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Edit to revise your reply.
   o Send to mail your reply.
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without sending your reply.
   o Help for more information about this dialog.

Your reply will be mailed via SENDMAIL.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Custom Editor for Mail Reply ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NewsReader/2 Highlights ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

NewsReader/2 provides the ability to:

o Save article(s) to a file or drag and drop articles to your desktop area for
  future reference.

o Improve NewsReader/2 performance by loading articles on demand (default
  value). You can deselect this option using the NewsReader/2 dialog from the
  Options pull-down menu of the main window.

o Designate a custom Presentation Manager editor (using the Editor option from
  the Configure pull-down of the main menu) for posting a lengthy reply or
  using an existing file for your post.

o Suppress the etiquette reminder dialog displayed when you begin posting
  activities.

o Advance to the next newsgroup (type n) or the return to the previous
  newsgroup (type p) from within the Article List window.

o Advance to the next article (type n) or the return to the previous article
  (type p) from within the Article window.

o Manually delete multiple newsgroups from your NEWS.GRP file after you have
  ended your NewsReader/2 session.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Local ETC Subdirectory ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Your local ETC subdirectory name differs according to the type of connection
established:

o TCPIP\ETC for a LAN account.

o TCPIP\ETC\RNSPOOL\USERID for an Advantis service provider (the default).

o TCPIP\ETC\RNSPOOL\NICKNAME (where nickname is the symbolic name assigned to
  the connection) for any other service provider.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> IBM Trademark ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Trademark of the IBM Corporation.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3. NewsReader/2 Function Reference ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following NewsReader/2 functions are available (listed by window):

o Main Window
o Article List Window
o Article Window
o All Groups Window
o New Groups Window


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.1. Main Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The main NewsReader/2 window contains the list of the newsgroups which you are
subscribed to.

To view an article from any of the newsgroups you subscribe to (listed in this
window), select by double-clicking on the newsgroup name.

The Article List window is opened, and the list of articles for the selected
newsgroup is displayed.

Note:  If Load articles on demand is chosen, articles are loaded only when the
newsgroup is selected.

The following functions are available from this window:

o File
o Actions
o View
o Options
o Configure
o Help


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.1.1. File Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can:

o List all newsgroups.

o Read news on news readers using different subscription file formats with
  Export and Import.

o Exit your NewsReader/2 session.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.1.2. Actions Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can perform the following tasks from this menu:

o Posting information to newsgroups
o Subscribing to newsgroups
o Canceling subscriptions to newsgroups
o Advancing to the next newsgroup
o Viewing the previous newsgroup
o Loading newsgroups
o Choosing a news server


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.1.3. View Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can:

o View (bring to the foreground) open windows (for example, the Article List or
  Article windows).

o Update the list of articles for all of the newsgroups or only the current
  (highlighted) newsgroup.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.1.4. Options Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can:

o Customize your NewsReader/2 sessions.
o Customize the way the article list is displayed.
o Customize the way individual articles are displayed within the article list.
o Customize window colors.
o Save the position and sizes of selected windows.
o Restore the default settings for window position, sizes, and colors.
o Select the fonts used for your session.
o Create, customize and delete signature file(s).
o Customize refresh options.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.1.5. Configure Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can configure your:

o Posting information
o Presentation Manager Editor
o Printer options


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.1.6. Help Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This menu provides the following assistance:

o Help Index
o General Help
o Using Help
o Keys Help
o Getting Started
o Product copyright Information


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.2. Article List Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Article List window contains the list of the articles in the current
newsgroup (the name of the current newsgroup is shown in the title bar).

To select an article for viewing, double-click on the article listed.

You can select Options from the main window menu bar to customize this window.
For example, you might want to change screen colors using the Colors option or
way the window is displayed using Article list.

The following functions are available from this window:

o File
o Edit
o Actions
o View
o Help


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.2.1. File Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can:

o Open the Next Group or the Previous Group.

  Note:  You can advance to the next newsgroup containing articles group by
  typing n or the return to the previous newsgroup by typing p.

o Delete the highlighted article from your Article List window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.2.2. Edit Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can:

o Find an article about a particular subject from those in the Article List.
  (Only the header information is searched.)

o Find the next article located by a previous Find request.

o Search the Article List (both headers and article text) for a designated text
  string.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.2.3. Actions Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu you can:

o Post a reply to an article.

o Indicate (Mark as read) articles you have already viewed.

   - Current
   - Current subject
   - Current and up
   - Current and down
   - By Subject name
   - All

o Mark as unread articles you have already read but want to review again.

   - Current
   - Current subject
   - Current and up
   - Current and down
   - by Subject name
   - All

o Exclude (Block author) a particular author from your Article List

   - Current group
   - All groups

o Exclude (Block subject) a particular subject from your Article List.

   - Current group
   - All groups

o Revise the information currently excluded from your Article List (Edit
  Blockfile).

   - Blockfile for current group
   - Blockfile for all groups


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.2.4. View Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can

o Update (Refresh now) the article list

o Define the articles listed:

   - Same subjects
   - Include All

o Sort the articles listed by:

   - by Subject
   - by Author
   - by Number

      o Ascending
      o Descending


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.2.5. Help Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can select General Help to obtain information about the functions available
from the Article List window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.3. Article Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Article window displays the current article loaded from the Article List
window.

When an article is loaded, its number, group, and size (in lines) are shown in
the title bar.

You can select Options from the NewsReader/2 main menu to customize your
Article window. For example, you might want to change screen colors using the
Colors option or the way article information is displayed using article option.

The following selections are available from the Article window:

o File
o Edit
o Actions
o Help


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.3.1. File Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following functions are available from this menu:

o Open:

   - The Next Article
   - The Previous Article
   - The Next Reference
   - The Previous Reference

o Append (Save) the article to your news file.

o Save the article in a designated file (Save As).

o Print the article.

o Decode an encrypted article (Unrot13).

o Convert ATOI-8 to ASCII format

o Close the article window (Close article).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.3.2. Edit Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can:

o Copy text to your clipboard.
o Search the article for a particular text string (Find).
o Find the next occurrence (Find next) of a previous Find request.
o Select (highlight) article text for the copy operation.

   - Select all
   - Deselect all


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.3.3. Actions Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can:

o Post a reply to the newsgroup for the article you are currently viewing (Post
  reply).

o Send an e-mail response to the article you are currently viewing (Mail
  reply).

o Forward the article (Forward article to)

o Cancel your post

o Exclude the author of the article you are currently viewing from your article
  lists (Block author) for:

   - Current group
   - All groups

o Exclude the article subject from your article list (Block subject) for:

   - Current group
   - All groups

o Change the material you have excluded from your article lists (Edit
  Blockfile) for:

   - Blockfile for current group
   - Blockfile for all groups


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.3.4. Help Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This menu contains information about the Article window functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.4. All Groups Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This window contains a sorted list of all of the newsgroups available on your
news server (the number of groups appears in the title bar).

The following selections are available from this window:

o Actions
o Search
o Help


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.4.1. Actions Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can perform the following functions from this menu:

o Subscribe to newsgroups
o Deselect all of your newsgroup selections
o Exit (close) the All Groups window


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.4.2. Search Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can perform the following functions from this menu:

o Search the newsgroups listed in the All Groups window to find one containing
  a specified string.

o Repeat the previous search request.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.4.3. Help Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This ppull-down menu contains information about the All Groups window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.5. New Groups Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This window displays the newsgroups added to your news server since your last
NewsReader/2 session if Inform about creation of new groups is chosen from the
Options pull-down menu NewsReader/2 dialog box. (The number of new groups is
displayed in the title bar.)

The following functions are available from this window:

o Actions
o Help


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.5.1. Actions Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can:

o Subscribe to newsgroups (all or selected) and close the New Groups window by
  selecting Add Groups.

o Close the New Groups window without subscribing to any newsgroups (Exit New
  Groups).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.5.2. Add Groups Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To subscribe to newsgroups listed in the New Groups window, select Add Groups.

From this menu, you can add:

o Selected (highlighted) newsgroups only
o All of the newsgroups listed in the New Groups window


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3.5.3. Help Pull-Down Menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can select General Help for information about the New Groups window
functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Initial Subscription ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The easiest way to subscribe to newsgroups is to select List all newsgroups
from the File pull-down menu of the main NewsReader/2 window:

o A NEWS.ALL file is built, containing information about the newsgroups
  available from your news server.

o When the list is built, the All Groups window is displayed. From this window,
  you can:

   - Browse the list for newsgroups you are interested in.

   - Select by double-clicking on the name of a newsgroup for a single
     subscription.

   - Select (highlight) multiple newsgroups you want to subscribe to and select
     Add Groups from the Actions pull-down menu.

   - Deselect all of the groups previously selected.

The main window list box contains a list of the newsgroups you can view.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Using Blockfiles ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

NewsReader/2 supports the use of blockfiles (commonly known as Killfiles) for
each newsgroup and one blockfile for all groups (ALLGROUP.KIL). These files
reside in your TCPIP\ETC\KILL subdirectory.

The entries in these files allow you to filter (block) subjects and authors
from your displayed newsgroup information.

Notes:

 1. An entry made to a blockfile will only affect headers not yet loaded.
    Loaded headers cannot be removed using a blockfile.

 2. By default, you never see blocked headers.

    However, you can select Mark blocked headers instead of removing (from the
    NewsReader/2 pull-down menu of the Options main window menu bar) to display
    blocked article headers.

 3. You can edit blockfiles to delete entries.

 4. You should limit the size of your blockfiles to 64K. Files can be larger
    than 64K, but the excess data is ignored.

    You are encouraged to keep small blockfiles, especially for all groups
    (ALLGROUP.KIL). Since this file used loading and refreshing each group, a
    large file will dramatically increase load time.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Using Sigfiles ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

NewsReader/2 supports the use of signature files (sigfiles). Sigfiles contain a
customized signature automatically appended to your posts, replies, and
NewsReader/2 mail. Signature files not only make you more efficient by
eliminating the need to sign each post, but also gives you the opportunity to
be creative.

Sigfiles should not exceed four or five lines in length.  NewsReader/2 will
support any length sigfile, but large sigfiles waste disk space on USENET

Sigfiles (which reside in your TCPIP\ETC\SIG subdirectory) can be created,
edited, and activated by selecting Options from the main window menu bar and
then selecting Signature.

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keys Help ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Information is provided for the following windows:

o All Windows
o Main Window
o Article List Window
o Article Window
o All Groups Window
o New Groups Window


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keys help - All Windows ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following is a list of some of the accelerator keys that are available for
all windows:

Key:           Function:

Tab            Shift the focus between the Subscriptions, Article List,
               Article, and All Groups windows.

F1             If a control or menu item is highlighted, contextual help is
               given for it. Otherwise, General help for the application is
               displayed.

F12            Minimize the NewsReader/2 main window.

F3             Exit the NewsReader/2 session.

Note:  Each action in a pull-down menu contains an underscored character. Once
you have opened a pull-down menu, you can select an action by entering that
character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keys help - Main Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following is a list of the accelerator keys that are available for the main
window:

Key:           Function:

Alt            Activates the menu bar.

Alt+F          Opens the File pull-down menu.

Alt+A          Opens the Actions pull-down menu.

Alt+V          Opens the View pull-down menu.

Alt+O          Opens the Options pull-down menu.

Alt+C          Opens the Configure pull-down menu.

Alt+H          Opens the Help pull-down menu.

Ctrl+O         Opens the dialog for adding a newsgroup.

Ctrl+R         Refresh the currently highlighted newsgroup.

Ctrl+Shift+R   Refresh all newsgroups.

Ctrl+E         Edit the blockfile for the currently highlighted newsgroup.

Ctrl+Shift+E   Edit the blockfile for all newsgroups (ALLGROUP.KIL).

Ctrl+Shift+O   Customize your NewsReader/2 session.

Ctrl+Shift+H   Customize your Article List window.

Ctrl+Shift+A   Customize your Article window.

Ctrl+C         Customize your screen colors.

Ctrl+F         Customize the fonts displayed.

Ctrl+W         Save window positions.

Ctrl+Shift+S   Customize your signature information.

Ctrl+Shift+G   Refresh the currently highlighted newsgroup.

Ctrl+Shift+P   Configure your posting information.

Ctrl+Shift+D   Select a custom Presentation Manager editor.

Ctrl+Shift+T   Select a printer.

Del            Deletes the highlighted newsgroup.

F3             Exits the NewsReader/2 session.

F5             Make a post to the currently highlighted newsgroup.

F7             Page Up.

F8             Page Down.

Shift+A        Opens the List all newsgroups dialog box.

Home           Go to the top of the window.

End            Go to the bottom of the window.

Note:  Each action in a pull-down menu contains an underscored character. Once
you have opened a pull-down menu, you can select an action by entering that
character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keys help - Article List ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following is a list of the accelerator keys that are available for the
Article List window:

Key:           Function:

Alt            Activates the menu bar.

Alt+F          Opens the File pull-down menu.

Alt+E          Opens the Edit pull-down menu.

Alt+A          Opens the Actions pull-down menu.

Alt+V          Opens the View pull-down menu.

Alt+H          Opens the Help pull-down menu.

F5             Make a post to the current newsgroup.

Ctrl+R         Refresh the current newsgroup.

Ctrl+Shift+R   Refresh all newsgroups.

Ctrl+S         Open an Article List with the same subject as the current
               article.

Esc            Exit Same subject mode, if it is in use, and view all articles.

Ctrl+A         Exit Same subject mode, if it is in use, and view all articles.
               Otherwise all the articles for the current newsgroup are
               retrieved.

Del            Delete the highlighted article and highlight the next one.

Ctrl+B         Sort the Article List window by subject.

Ctrl+H         Sort the Article List window by author.

Ctrl+I         Sort the Article List window by ascending number.

Ctrl+G         Sort the Article List window by descending number.

Ctrl+C         Mark the current (highlighted) article as read.

Ctrl+J         Mark all articles with the subject of the current (highlighted)
               article as read.

Ctrl+U         Mark the current (highlighted) article and all above it as read.

Ctrl+D         Mark current (highlighted) article and all below it as read.

Ctrl+T         Display a dialog to mark articles as read by subject string.

Ctrl+L         Mark all articles as read.

Shift+C        Mark the current (highlighted) article as unread.

Shift+J        Mark all articles with the subject of the current (highlighted)
               article as unread.

Shift+U        Mark the current (highlighted) article and all above it as
               unread.

Shift+D        Mark the current (highlighted) article and all below it as
               unread.

Shift+T        Display a dialog to mark articles as unread by subject string.

Shift+L        Mark all articles as unread.

Ctrl+K         Block the subject of the current (highlighted) article.

Shift+K        Block the author of the current (highlighted) article.

Ctrl+F         Search the article headers to find a text string.

Ctrl+N         Repeat the search.

Shift+F7       Search article headers and text to locate a text string.

Ctrl+E         Edit the blockfile for the current newsgroup.

Ctrl+Shift+E   Edit the blockfile for all newsgroups.

n              Loads the next newsgroup containing articles.

p              Loads the previous newsgroup containing articles.

F7             Page Up.

F8             Page Down.

Home           Go to the top of the window.

End            Go to the bottom of the window.

Note:  Each action in a pull-down menu contains an underscored character. Once
you have opened a pull-down menu, you can select an action by entering that
character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keys help - Article ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following is a list of the accelerator keys that are available for the
Article window:

Key:           Function:

Alt            Activates the menu bar.

Alt+F          Opens the File pull-down menu.

Alt+E          Opens the Edit pull-down menu.

Alt+A          Opens the Actions pull-down menu.

F2             Append the article to USEFUL.NEW in the TCPIP\ETC\LOG
               subdirectory.

F4             Save the article to a file of your choice.

Ctrl+P         Print the article to the default printer.

Alt+F4         Close the current Article window.

Ctrl+/         Select all article text for copy to your clipboard.

Ctrl+\         Deselect (clear) all previously selected article text.

Ctrl+Ins       Copy selected article text to the clipboard.

Ctrl+F         Search the article for a string.

Ctrl+N         Repeat the search.

n              Load the next article.

p              Load the previous article.

Alt+N          Load the next article of the same subject.

Alt+P          Load the previous article of the same subject.

F5             Post a reply to the current article.

F6             Mail a reply to the author of the current article.

F9             Cancel a post. You may cancel only posts that you create.

Ctrl+M         Mail the current article.

Ctrl+Shift+U   Decrypt the current article. Unrot13 the current article (Some
               articles use a rot13 encryption scheme to scramble the letters.)
               By doing so, you take full responsibility for any exposure to
               offensive material.

Shift+R        Convert the current article from the ATOI-8 character set into
               ASCII.

Ctrl+K         Block the subject of the current (highlighted) article.

Shift+K        Block the author of the current (highlighted) article.

Ctrl+E         Edit the blockfile for the current (highlighted) newsgroup.

Ctrl+Shift+E   Edit the blockfile for all newsgroups.

Ctrl+Home      Go to the top of the window.

Ctrl+End       Go to the bottom of the window.

Note:  Each action in a pull-down menu contains an underscored character. Once
you have opened a pull-down menu, you can select an action by entering that
character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keys help - All Groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following is a list of the accelerator keys that are available for the All
Groups window:

Key:           Function:

Alt            Activates the menu bar.

Alt+A          Opens the Actions pull-down menu.

Alt+S          Opens the Search pull-down menu.

Alt+H          Opens the Help pull-down menu.

Ctrl+C         Deselect (clear) all of the groups previously selected.

Ctrl+D         Add the selected groups to the list of subscriptions.

Esc            Close the All Groups window.

Ctrl+F         Search the All Groups window for a string.

Ctrl+N         Repeat the search.

Home           Go to the top of the window.

End            Go to the bottom of the window.

Note:  Each action in a pull-down menu contains an underscored character. Once
you have opened a pull-down menu, you can select an action by entering that
character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keys help - New Groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following is a list of the accelerator keys that are available for the New
Groups window:

Key:           Function:

Alt+A          Opens the Actions pull-down menu.

Alt+H          Opens the Help pull-down menu.

Ctrl+S         Add the selected groups to the list of subscriptions.

Ctrl+A         Add all groups to the list of subscriptions.

Esc            Close the New Groups window.

F7             Page Up.

F8             Page Down.

Home           Go to the top of the window.

End            Go to the bottom of the window.

Note:  Each action in a pull-down menu contains an underscored character. Once
you have opened a pull-down menu, you can select an action by entering that
character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> View All Groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To bring the All Groups window to the foreground, select All Groups.

The name of the current newsgroup is displayed with the menu item.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> View Article Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To bring the Article window to the foreground, select Article.

The name of the current article is displayed with the menu item.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> View Article list ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To bring the Article List window to the foreground, select Article List.

The name of the current newsgroup is displayed with the menu item.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Using Help ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Using help for general help on how to use the OS/2* Help Facility.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> General Help ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select General help for general help about the NewsReader/2 main window
functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keys Help ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Keys help for a list of all accelerator keys and their function.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Next group ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Next group displays the next newsgroup containing articles in the
Articles List window.

Note:  You can also advance to the next newsgroup containing articles by typing
n.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Previous group ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Previous group displays the previous newsgroup in the Article List
window.

Note:  You can also return to the previous newsgroup by typing p.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Post ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To post news from the Article List window, select Actions and then select Post:

 1. If this is your first post and you are using a service provider other than
    Internet Connection Services, a dialog is presented for you to confirm or
    revise your posting information.

    Press the OK push button to continue.

    If you want to change your posting information after your initial post or
    if you are using Internet Connection Services:

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar
    b. Select Posting

 2. The etiquette reminder dialog box is displayed:

   o Select the Yes push button to continue.
   o Select the No push button to cancel your post.
   o Select the Help push button for more information.

    Note:  To suppress the etiquette reminder dialog:

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar.
    b. Select Posting from the Configure pull-down menu.
    c. Deselect the Warn about etiquette check box.

 3. Enter your post information in the dialog box displayed:

   o The newsgroup you want to post to.

     Note:  By default, the selected newsgroup (the name is displayed in the
     Article List window title bar), becomes the post newsgroup. You can type
     over the default or add additional newsgroups (separated by a blank space,
     a comma, or both) to which you want to post.

   o The subject (title) of your post.

   o The text of your post in the window area provided.

    Note:  If you designated a custom editor from the Configure pull-down menu
    of the main window, the dialog box (and the corresponding procedure) vary
    slightly from the one shown below.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Post to send your post to the newsgroup(s) indicated.
   o Advanced to include optional posting information.
   o Cancel to end posting activity without saving your post.
   o Help for more information about posting.

Note:  You can designate a custom editor if you want to use an existing file or
post a lengthy reply.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Refresh Now ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Refresh now to update the list of articles for either:

o The current (highlighted) group in the main window.
o All of the newsgroups to which you are subscribed.

New articles (since NewsReader/2 was started or refreshed) are added to the
Article List.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Edit Blockfile ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To modify the information used to filter the articles displayed for your
newsgroups, select Edit blockfile.

Notes:

 1. A Blockfile is commonly known as a Killfile.

 2. Deleting entries from the blockfile is the only way you can include those
    authors and subjects previously blocked (excluded) from your newsgroup.

 3. Use Block Subject and Block Author to add entries.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Blockfile for Current Group ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Blockfile for current group loads the blockfile for the current
newsgroup into the custom Presentation Manager editor. You can review the file,
add entries, or delete entries.

Notes:

 1. Deleting entries from the blockfile is the only way you can include those
    authors and subjects previously blocked (excluded) from your newsgroup.

 2. Use Block Subject and Block Author to add entries.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Blockfile for all groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Blockfile for all groups loads the blockfile for all of the
newsgroups into the custom Presentation Manager editor. You can review the
file, add entries, or delete entries.

Notes:

 1. Deleting entries from the blockfile is the only way you can include those
    authors and subjects previously blocked (excluded) from your newsgroups.

 2. Use Block Subject and Block Author to add entries.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> List all newsgroups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To view a list of all the newsgroups on your current news server, select List
all newsgroups from the File main window menu bar.

The following dialog box is displayed:

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o No to load your current NEWS.ALL file information, close the dialog box, and
  open the All Groups window.

o Yes to update the current list of newsgroups from your news server, build a
  new NEWS.ALL file, close the dialog box, and open the All Groups window.

  During the retrieval operation, the dialog box shows build status and allows
  you to cancel the operation.

o Cancel to cancel your request and close the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Refresh now ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can refresh (update the list of articles) for the:

o Current (highlighted) newsgroup in the Article List.
o All of the newsgroups you are subscribed to.

The news server is queried and new articles (since NewsReader/2 was started or
refreshed) are added to the Article List.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Current ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current updates the list of articles for your current newsgroup from
the news server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> All ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting All refreshes (updates the article list) the newsgroups to which you
are subscribed:

o If Load articles on demand is in effect (the default), all loaded newsgroups
  are refreshed. That is, those newsgroups you have already viewed.

o If Load articles on demand is deselected, all of the newsgroups are
  refreshed.

To set Load articles on demand:

 1. Select the Options main window menu bar.
 2. Select NewsReader/2 from the Options pull-down menu.
 3. Select (or deselect) the Load articles on demand check box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> View Same Subjects ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Same subjects loads all articles in the current newsgroup that have
the same subject as the current article.

Note:  Select Include all to refresh your Article List so that all of the
articles are displayed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Include all ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Include all refreshes your Article List window to include all of the
articles for the newsgroup, including the ones you have already read.

For example, you would want to refresh the Article List window if you selected
Same subjects and want to view all of the articles now.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Delete Article ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can select Delete article to remove the currently highlighted article from
the Article List window and highlight the next article.

Note:  You are not prompted to confirm that you want to delete the article.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can Sort the articles displayed by subject, author, or number.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Subject ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select by Subject to sort the contents of your Article List alphabetically by
subject. (The order of the articles within each subject listing depends on how
the window is currently sorted.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Author ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select by Author to sort the contents of your Article List alphabetically by
author.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Number ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select by number to sort the contents of your Article List window by number,
specifying either:

o Ascending
o Descending


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Ascending Number ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Ascending sorts the contents your Article List in ascending numerical
order. (The latest articles appear at the bottom of the list.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Descending Number ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Descending sorts the contents of your Article List in descending
numerical order. (The latest articles appear at the top of the list.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark as Read ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Mark as read to indicate which articles you have already viewed.

Once marked, the articles are displayed in a colored font. You can change the
color using the NewsReader/2 Colors option.

You can mark the:

o Current article
o Current article and those above it
o Current article and those below it
o Current subject
o Selected subject
o All articles


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Current ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current marks the highlighted article as read.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Current Subject ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current subject marks the highlighted article and all articles with
the same subject as read.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Current and Up ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current and up marks the highlighted article and all of the articles
above it as read.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Current and Down ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current and Down marks the highlighted article and all of the
articles below it as read.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark by Subject String ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting by subject string marks the articles with the subject name entered on
the dialog box as read.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark All ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting All marks all of the articles in the window as read.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark as Unread ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

When you view an article or mark an article as read, it is displayed in a
colored font to indicate that you have already looked at the article.

If you want to indicate that you have not yet viewed the article, you can
select Mark as unread. Once marked, the article is no longer displayed in a
colored font.

You can mark the:

o Current article
o Current article and those above it
o Current article and those below it
o Current subject
o Selected subject
o All articles


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Current ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current marks the current article as unread.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Current Subject ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current subject marks the current article and all of the articles
with the same subject as unread.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Current and Up ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current and up marks the current article and all of the articles
listed above it as unread.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Current and Down ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current and Down marks the current article and all of the articles
listed below it as unread.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark by Subject String ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting by Subject String marks those articles with the subject name that you
have entered in the dialog displayed as unread.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark All ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting All marks all of the articles in a window as unread.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Block Subject ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To block articles by a specific subject, select Block subject. The subject(s)
excluded from your article list are stored in a blockfile.

You can exclude a particular subject from your current newsgroup or from all of
your newsgroups.

Note:  To review blockfile information or delete entries, select Edit
Blockfile.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Block Current Group ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current group blocks all articles with the subject of the current
article in a newsgroup. All of the articles containing the selected
(highlighted) subject will be excluded from your current newsgroup article
listing. The articles are retained in your current session but will not be
displayed for future sessions with the newsgroup.

Notes:

 1. To review blockfile information or delete entries, select Edit Blockfile.

 2. You can also block a particular subject from all of your newsgroups.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Block All Groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting All groups blocks articles with the same subject as the current
article in a newsgroup. All of the articles containing the selected
(highlighted) subject will be excluded from all of the newsgroups you subscribe
to. The articles are retained in your current session but will not be displayed
for future sessions with any of your newsgroups.

Notes:

 1. To review blockfile information or delete entries, select Edit Blockfile.

 2. You can also block a particular subject from your current newsgroup only.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Block Author ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To block articles by a specific author, select Block author. The name of the
author excluded from your article list is stored in a blockfile. Using this
option, you can block an author from your current newsgroup or from all of your
newsgroups.

Note:  To review blockfile information or delete entries, select Edit
Blockfile.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Block Current Author ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current group filters out all articles by the author of the current
article in a newsgroup. All articles by the author of the selected
(highlighted) article are excluded from your current newsgroup listing. The
articles are retained in your current session but will not be displayed for
future sessions with the newsgroup.

Notes:

 1. To review blockfile information or delete entries, select Edit Blockfile.

 2. You can also block a particular author from all of your newsgroups.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Block All Groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting All groups blocks articles by the author of the current article in a
newsgroup. All articles by the author of the selected (highlighted) article are
excluded from all of your newsgroup article listings. The articles are retained
in your current session but will not be displayed for future sessions with any
of your newsgroups.

Notes:

 1. To review blockfile information or delete entries, select Edit Blockfile.

 2. You can also block a particular author from your current newsgroups only.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Find ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can select Find to search only the list of article headers in a newsgroup
for a particular string, entered into the Find dialog box:

If the string is found, the article containing the string is highlighted.

Note:  To search article headers, article content, or both, select Search
Articles.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Find Next ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can select Find next to locate the next occurrence of the information
requested by the previous Find.

Note:  This action is not available if there was no previous Find request.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Search Articles ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Search Articles to locate the text string.

The following dialog box is displayed:

 1. Enter the search pattern in the Enter string to search for field.

 2. Specify a Search Option, if applicable:

   o Case Sensitive
   o End the search with the first article containing the search string
   o Exclude articles you have already viewed
   o Include only articles you have already viewed

 3. Specify if the search encompasses article headers only, the body of the
    articles only, or both.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Search to initiate the search.
   o Cancel to cancel the search operation and close the dialog box.
   o Help to obtain more information about this topic.

Once the search begins:

o The headers of the articles containing matches are displayed in the Result
  list box, followed by the line from the article that contains the search
  string.

o The Search push button changes to Stop, which you can select to stop the
  search at any time.

  If a search is stopped, the push button changes back to Search, and you can
  restart the search from where it left off.

o To load an article:

    1. Wait until the search has completed or stop the search using the Stop
       push button.

    2. Select by double-clicking on the article header, or the line of text
       from the article, in the Result list box.

o You can use the Clear push button to delete articles from the Result list box
  once the search has ended.

  Note:  If you initiate another Search action after a Clear, the search starts
  from the beginning of the newsgroup (instead of starting from where the
  previous search was stopped).

o To close the dialog box, select Cancel.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> General Help ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select General Help for more information about Article List window functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Save ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Save appends the current article to the TCPIP\ETC\LOG\USEFUL.NEW
file.

The file is not overwritten; the article is appended to the bottom of the file.

Notes:

 1. To save the article to a different file, select Save as.

 2. You can also drag and drop an article to your desktop area.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Save As ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To save the current article to a designated file, select Save as. The following
dialog box is displayed, allowing you to:

o Specify a filename.
o Select a drive/path where the file will reside. (D:\TCPIP\ETC\LOG is the
  default.)
o Specify whether you want the article appended to the bottom of the designated
  file (default). If you deselect Append to file, the contents of the file is
  overwritten when the current article is saved.
o Select one of the following push buttons:

   - OK to save the article in the designated file and close the dialog box.
   - Cancel to close the dialog box without saving the article.
   - Help to obtain more information about this topic.

Note:  You can also drag and drop an article to your desktop area.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Print ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Print sends the current article to your default printer:

 1. If you have not selected a default printer, a window is displayed listing
    available printers from which you can choose.

 2. You can select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to send the article to the printer and close the dialog box.
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without printing the article.
   o Help to obtain more information about the dialog.

To change your default printer:

 1. Select Configure from the main window menu bar

 2. Select Printer


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Close Article ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Close article closes the current Article window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Select ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To identify (highlight) article text to be copied to the clipboard, choose
select.

You can also:

o Select all of the text.
o Deselect all of the article text previously identified (highlighted).

Note:  To paste selected text from the clipboard into your current window,
press the Shift and Insert keys simultaneously.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Select all ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select all marks (highlights) all of the text in the article window for copying
to the clipboard.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Deselect All ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Deselect all clears all of the text previously selected (highlighted).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Copy ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Copy copies the selected (highlighted) text in the Article window to
the clipboard.

Note:  To paste selected text from the clipboard into your current window,
press the Shift and Insert keys simultaneously.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Find ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Find searches the current article for the search pattern specified in
the following dialog box:

The text is selected (highlighted) if it is found.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Find Next ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Find next repeats your last Find request.

This selection is not available if there was no previous Find request.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Next article ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Next article loads the next article into the current Article window.

If you selected the Skip read articles with Next/Previous Article/Reference
option from the NewsReader/2 options dialog, the articles you have already read
are ignored when locating the next article.

To advance to the next article (whether you have already read it or not), type
n.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Previous article ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Previous article loads the previous article into the current Article
window.

If you selected the Skip read articles with Next/Previous Article/Reference
option from the NewsReader/2 options dialog, the articles you have already read
are ignored when locating the previous article.

To return to the previous article (whether you have already read it or not),
type p.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Next reference ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Next Reference loads the next article with the same subject as the
current article in the Article window, if one exists.

If you selected the Skip read articles with Next/Previous Article/Reference
option from the NewsReader/2 options dialog, all of the articles you have
already read are ignored when locating the next reference.

To load the next reference (whether you have already read it or not), type
Alt+Shift+N.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Previous Reference ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Previous Reference loads the previous article with the same subject
as the current article in the Article window, if one exists.

If you selected the Skip read articles with Next/Previous Article/Reference
option from the NewsReader/2 options dialog, the articles you have already read
are ignored when locating the previous reference.

To load the previous reference (whether you have already read it or not), type
Alt+Shift+P.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Post Reply ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To reply to the article in the current Article window, select Post reply:

 1. Enter your post information in the dialog box displayed:

   o Confirm the To and Subject information provided.

   o Enter the text of your post in the window area provided.

     The article text is displayed (preceded by the > symbol), allowing you to
     easily identify your input.

    Note: If you designated a custom editor from the Configure pull-down menu
    of the main window, the dialog box (and the corresponding procedure) vary
    slightly from the one shown below.

 2. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Post to send your post to the newsgroup(s) indicated.
   o Advanced to include optional posting to information.
   o Cancel to end posting activity without saving your post.
   o Help for more information about this dialog.

Notes:

 1. A return code of 441 indicates that your post failed. If the original
    article text is longer than the reply you are posting, your post can be
    rejected. You should delete part of the article text (marked by a > symbol)
    in order to minimize the size of your post.

 2. You can designate a custom editor if you want to use an existing file or
    post a lengthy reply.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mail Reply ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To respond directly to the author of an article in the current Article window,
select Mail reply from the Actions pull-down menu.

Enter your reply  in the dialog box displayed:

o Confirm the To and Subject fields and provide the carbon copy information, if
  applicable.

o Enter the text of your e-mail message.

  The article text is displayed (preceded by the > symbol), allowing you to
  easily identify your input.

o Select the Send push button to send your e-mail message or the Cancel push
  button to cancel the operation.

Note:  If you designated a custom editor from the Configure pull-down menu of
the main window, the dialog box (and the corresponding procedure) vary slightly
from the one described here.

Your reply will be mailed via SENDMAIL.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Your Post ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To request that the current article be removed from the news server you are
connected to, select Cancel your post from the Actions pull-down menu of the
Article window.

If the news server acknowledges your request, the cancel is forwarded to other
servers; however; there is no guarantee that the other servers will acknowledge
it.

Note: You cannot cancel an article that you did not post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Forward the Article To ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Forward the article to sends the current article to the e-mail
address(es) which you specify in the following dialog:


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Unrot13 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Unrot13 decodes the current article (assumed to be in the rot13
encrypted format). By doing so, you assume full responsibility for exposure to
offensive material.

Note  The rot13 encryption scheme scrambles the letters of the alphabet;
unrot13 unscrambles them.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Convert ATOI-8 to ASCII ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Convert ATOI-8 to ASCII converts the current article (assumed to be
in the ATOI-8 character set) into ASCII.

Note:  You will be unable to convert the article back to its original format.
In order to perform a function that requires the article headers (for example,
Post reply or Forward article to), you must reload the article.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Help for General Help ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select General Help for more information about the functions available from the
Article window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Add Group(s) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Add Group(s) will add the selected (highlighted) groups in the All
Groups window to your subscriptions.

Note:  You can add individual groups to your subscriptions if you select by
double-clicking on the name of the newsgroup in the All Groups window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Exit All Groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To close the All Groups window, select Exit All Groups.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Deselect all ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To clear all of the newsgroups you have selected (highlighted) as potential
subscriptions, select Deselect all.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Find ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To search the list of newsgroups listed in the All Groups window (from the
current newsgroup to the end of the list) for a specified pattern, select Find:

 1. Specify the search pattern in the Find dialog box:

 2. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to initiate your Find request.
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without initiating a request.
   o Help to obtain more information about the dialog.

The search begins with the current (highlighted) newsgroup. If a newsgroup
containing the specified string is found, it becomes the first one displayed in
the All Groups window.

If the string is not found, an informational message is displayed.

Note:  Select Find Next to locate further occurrences of the specified string.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Find Next ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To repeat the last Find request issued, select Find Next.

If the next occurrence of the specified string is found, the newsgroup
containing that string becomes the first one displayed in the All Groups
window.

If the string is not found, an informational message is displayed.

Note:  This action is not available if you have not previously issued a Find
request.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Help for General Help ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select General Help to obtain more information about the functions available
from the All Groups window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Selected ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To add all of the highlighted groups in the New Groups window to your list of
subscriptions, choose selected.

Note:  This action is not available if there no groups selected (highlighted).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> All ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting All adds all of the groups in the New Groups window to your list of
subscriptions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Exit New Groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Exit New Groups closes the New Groups window without adding any
newsgroups to your subscriptions list.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> General Help ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting General Help displays information about the functions available from
the New Groups window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Colors ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Colors allows you to change the foreground and background colors of
the Article List, Article, All Groups, New Groups, Search Articles, and Status
windows. You can also set the background color for the Main window.

To use the facility:

o Select the Field you want to change.
o Select either the Foreground or Background attribute.
o Select one of the Colors.

The Sample Text list box shows the current changes.

Notes:

 1. The Defaults push button restores the default values for all Fields.

 2. You cannot select the same color for the foreground and background
    attributes.

 3. You cannot change the background color for some of the fields (for example,
    Read text in the Article List window, Selected text in the All Groups
    window, and Found text in the Search Articles).

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o Save to close the dialog box and save your color selections for future
  sessions
o Apply to close the dialog box and save your color selections for your current
  session only
o Defaults to restore the default window colors
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Defaults Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Defaults to restore the default colors for all of the fields.

Note:  You must still select Save or Apply to activate the default colors.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Color Push Buttons ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select one of the Color push buttons to change the selected field to the color
indicated.

The Sample text list box shows the changes as you make them.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Foreground Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Foreground to change the foreground color of the field identified.

The Sample text list box shows the changes as you make them.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Background Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Background to change the background color of the field identified.

The Sample text list box shows the changes as you make them.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Fields List Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can change the colors of the windows listed in the Fields list box. A field
must be selected (highlighted) before the colors can be changed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Save Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Save to close the dialog box, saves the selected colors for future
sessions, and sets the windows to their new colors.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Apply Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Apply to close the dialog box and sets the windows to the selected
colors for the current session only.

Note:  Your selections will not be saved for future sessions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box and discards your current selections.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Save as Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this dialog box, you can save the current article to a designated file:

 1. If you do not want to save the article in a file in the current directory,
    select the appropriate drive letter and directory from the Directories list
    box.

    If you do not want to navigate through the Directories list box, you can
    enter the path and filename in the Filename field.

    This information is saved for future sessions.

 2. Select the Append to file check box if you want the article appended to the
    bottom of the file. (If the file does not exist, NewsReader/2 will ask you
    if you want to create it.)

    If this option is not chosen, you are asked to confirm that you want to
    write over the existing file.

 3. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to save the article and close this dialog box.
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without saving the article.
   o Help to obtain more information on this topic.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Directories List Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This list box displays all your drives and directories, allowing you to select
a file in which to save your article:

o To change your current drive, select the letter of the desired drive.

o To advance to a deeper directory, select by double-clicking on a subdirectory
  or file name (or highlight the name and press Enter).

o To back out of the current directory, select ┬╖┬╖ if you are not already at the
  root directory.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Filename Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This field contains the name of the file in which your article will be saved.

If Append to file is disabled and the file already exists, you are prompted to
confirm that you want to write over the file.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Append To File Check Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

When you select Append to, your article is appended to the bottom of the
designated file.

Note:  If the file does not exist, NewsReader/2 will ask you if you want to
create it.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK saves the current article in the file you entered in the Filename
field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box without saving the current article to a
file.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Editor ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Editor allows you to customize a specified Presentation Manager
editor to be used for certain NewsReader/2 activities (for example, posting
appends and editing signature files).

Using this menu, you can:

o Select the default editor.

o Designate a custom editor and the arguments passed to that editor

o Specify that the custom editor will be closed upon task completion.

Notes:

 1. You can designate a custom editor if you want to use an existing file or
    post a lengthy reply.

 2. The Enhanced Editor (EPM) is the default custom editor.

 3. The custom editor is used to modify Signature and Blockfiles.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Editor Name ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Use this field to enter the executable file name of your custom Presentation
Manager editor.

Notes:

 1. Enter only the name and the .EXE or .COM extension of the executable
    filename. If the filename is not in your PATH statement, you must supply
    the full drive and path information.

 2. The Enhanced Editor (EPM) is the default custom editor.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Arguments ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Use this field to enter the arguments passed to your Presentation Manager
editor when you start a session.

Note: Arguments should be entered just as they would be at the command line.
Specifying % rather than the name of the file to be edited.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Auto-Close Upon Task Completion ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Auto-close upon task completion specifies that NewsReader/2 will
close the editor upon completion of the editing task if you have selected a
custom Presentation Manager editor.

Note:  The auto-close option is recommended. However, since you are using a
Presentation Manager (PM) editor, you may be limited to running only one
session at a time, since all editing windows are closed concurrently.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK activates your changes (verifying that you selected a valid
editor) and closes the dialog box.

If you did not select a valid editor, an error message is displayed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel discards any changes you have made and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Post Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To post information to a newsgroup using this dialog box:

 1. Enter the newsgroup you want to post to.

    This is a required field.

    You can add additional newsgroups (separated by a blank space, a comma, or
    both).

 2. Enter the subject of your post.

    This is a required field.

 3. Enter your post in the dialog window.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Post to send your post to the newsgroup(s) indicated.
   o Advanced to include optional posting information.
   o Cancel to end posting activity without saving your post.
   o Help for more information about this dialog.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Newsgroups field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the names of all the newsgroup(s) that you want your post to be sent to.
Each newsgroup must be separated by either a comma or space.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Subject field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the title for your post into this field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Distribution Entry Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To override your default posting information, you can specify a distribution
for your post in this field.

Notes:

 1. The distribution of a post specifies how far your post will be spread
    across the USENET.

    Valid examples are world, na, and usa.

 2. This is an optional field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Summary Entry Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter a short summary for your post into this field. This information will be
displayed in the Summary line of your post.

Note:  This is an optional field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keywords Entry Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the keywords for your post in this field. This information you supply is
displayed in the Keywords line of your post.

Note:  This is an optional field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK initiates your Presentation Manager editor session so that you can
complete your post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box without posting the information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Signature ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Signature allows you to manage your signature files (sigfiles).
Sigfiles (*.SIG) are stored in the SIG subdirectory of your local ETC
subdirectory.

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.

The following dialog box is displayed, allowing you to customize your signature
information:

Using this dialog, you can:

o Bypass signature file processing
o Designate a single signature file for all of your posts and mail
o Designate two signature files (one for posting and one for mailing)
o Use (activate) a signature file
o Create signature files
o Edit existing signature files
o Delete existing signature files

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to close the dialog and activate your new signature file.
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog.
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Do Not Use a .SIG File ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Do not use a .sig file indicates that you will not use a signature
file.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Use One .SIG File ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Use one .sig file indicates that you want to use a single signature
file for your mail and post activities.

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Use Two .SIG Files ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Use two .sig files indicates that you want to use separate signature
files for your mail (MAIL.SIG) and post (POST.SIG) activities.

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Signature List Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This list box contains all of the signature files (*.SIG) in your TCPIP\ETC\SIG
subdirectory.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Use Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Use activates the highlighted signature file (*.SIG) in the list box.

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Create Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Create allows you to create a new signature file.

You will be prompted for the filename, which must have a .SIG extension.

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Edit Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Edit allows you to modify the highlighted (*.SIG) signature file in
the list box if you selected a custom editor.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Delete Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Delete removes the highlighted signature file from your local ETC
subdirectory.

You are prompted to confirm deletion. Once you delete the file, it cannot be
retrieved by selecting Cancel.

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK activates the highlighted signature file in the list box and
closes the dialog box.

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel discards your changes and closes the dialog window.

Note:  If you delete the active signature file and select Cancel, no signature
file is used.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Printer ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Printer allows you to designate a default printer for printing
NewsReader/2 articles.

A list of available devices is presented in this dialog. Select (highlight)
your default printer.

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to close the dialog and activate your changes
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Printer List Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This list box contains a list of available printer devices. To choose a default
printer select (highlight) the printer you want to use and then select the OK
push button.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK saves your default printer selection and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box and discards any of the changes you have
made.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mail Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this dialog box, you can:

 1. Confirm the To and Subject fields and provide the carbon copy information,
    if applicable.

 2. Enter the text of your e-mail message.

    The article text is displayed (preceded by the > symbol), allowing you to
    easily identify your input.

    Note:  If you designated a custom editor from the Configure pull-down menu
    of the main window, the dialog box (and the corresponding procedure) vary
    slightly from the one described here.

 3. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Send to send your response and close the dialog box
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without sending your response
   o Help for more information about the dialog
Your reply will be mailed via SENDMAIL.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> To Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the e-mail addresses of the people to whom you want to send the article.

The name of the author is the default when mailing a reply to an article.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> CC Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter additional e-mail s addresses of the people you want to receive carbon
copies.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Edit Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Edit loads your Presentation Manager editor, allowing you to create
or edit your mail if you have chosen a custom editor.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Send Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Send mails your response via SENDMAIL.

Note:  You are NOT notified of mailing success or failure by NewsReader/2.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes this dialog box without sending your mail.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Create Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this dialog box, you can create a new signature file:

 1. Enter the filename (with a .SIG extension).

 2. Enter your signature information using your custom Presentation Manager
    editor.

    Notes:

    a. Sigfiles should not exceed four or five lines in length.  NewsReader/2
       will support any length sigfile, but large sigfiles waste disk space on
       USENET

    b. Sigfiles reside in your TCPIP\ETC\SIG subdirectory.

 3. Save your signature file and close the editor.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to invoke the editor, allowing you to create your signature file. When
     you end the editing session, this dialog box is closed.

   o Cancel to close the dialog box without creating a signature file.

   o Help for more information about this dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Create Entry Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the signature file name (with a .SIG extension) in this field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK loads the current Presentation Managereditor, allowing you to
create your new signature file.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box without creating a new signature file.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Posting ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To specify the information used for creating posts, sending replies, and
forwarding articles, select Posting.

 1. Select the default values for the following fields:

   o From (required)
   o Reply To (optional)
   o Organization (optional)
   o Scope of Distribution (optional)

    Note:  Select the Advanced push button to override these defaults for
    individual posts.

 2. Select Check group postability if you want NewsReader/2 to check whether
    the newsgroup(s) to which you are posting will accept posts. Otherwise, you
    may waste time composing an append that cannot be posted.

    Note:  A positive response is not necessarily a guarantee that your post
    will be accepted, since some newsgroups have restricted posting. However, a
    negative response guarantees that your post will not be accepted.

 3. Select Warn about etiquette if you want the etiquette reminder dialog box
    displayed each time you begin your posting activities.

    If this check box is chosen (the default), the dialog box is displayed. You
    can select:

   o The Yes push button to continue.
   o The No push button to cancel your post.
   o Select the Help push button for more information.

    If this check box is deselected, the dialog box is not displayed.

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to activate your posting information and close the dialog box.
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog box.
o Help to obtain more information about this dialog.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Organization Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter your organization name in this field.

For example:

o If you work at the New York University Courant Institute:

         Courant Institute, New York University

o If you work for Joe's Tires Inc located in New York state:

         Joe's Tires Inc, NY, USA

Note:  This field is optional. However, if you do not supply an organization
name, your local server may assign a default.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> From Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This field contains the e-mail address used by NewsReader/2 when you post
information and forward articles.

This is a required field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Reply-To Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The information in this field overrides your default posting information.

Notes:

 1. When you post news, NewsReader/2 includes a Reply-To: line in the header
    information providing your alternate address.

 2. The e-mail address in this field is used by other news reader applications
    when generating e-mail replies to your posts or articles.

 3. This field is optional. If you do not enter Reply-To: address, posting
    information is used.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Default Distribution Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This field defines the default distribution scope used when making posts.

Valid values include world, na, and usa.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Check Group Postability ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

When you select Check group postability, NewsReader/2 checks whether the
newsgroup will accept your post. Otherwise, you may waste time composing an
append that cannot be posted.

Note:  A positive response is not necessarily a guarantee that your post will
be accepted, since some newsgroups have restricted posting. However, a negative
response guarantees that your post will not be accepted.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Warn About Etiquette ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can chose whether the etiquette reminder dialog box is displayed when you
begin posting activities:

o If this check box is chosen (the default), the dialog box is displayed. You
  can select:

   - The Yes push button to continue.
   - The No push button to cancel your post.
   - The Help push button for more information.

o If this check box is deselected, the dialog box is not displayed.

Notes:

 1. The news.announce.newusers newsgroup contains information about the
    Internet and the etiquette guidelines for network interaction. This
    newsgroup contains valuable information for new users and should be
    reviewed in its entirety.

 2. A sample Article List window for this newsgroup is shown below.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK closes the dialog box and saves the changes you have made.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel discards the changes you have made and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Subscribe To Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To subscribe to a newsgroup:

 1. Enter the name of the newsgroup to which you want to subscribe.

 2. Select the appropriate push button from this dialog box:

   o OK to subscribe to the newsgroup. The group is added to your subscriptions
     and can be accessed from the main window.

   o Cancel to close the dialog box without adding subscriptions.

   o Help for more information about this topic.

Note:  If you are already subscribed to the requested newsgroup, an error
message is displayed. The dialog box is not closed, and you can subscribe to
another newsgroup.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Add Group field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the name of the newsgroup that you want to subscribe to in this field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK closes the dialog box and starts the specified newsgroup
subscriptions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box without adding subscriptions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Find Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To initiate a search (from the current item to the end of the list) using this
dialog:

 1. Enter the string to be the target of the search.

 2. Select the Case Sensitive check box, if applicable.

 3. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to initiate the search and close the dialog box
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without performing a search
   o Help to obtain more information about this dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Enter Search Pattern Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the pattern for which you want to search.

Note:  You cannot perform a wildcard search (for example, bus*.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Case Sensitive Check Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select this check box if you want the search to distinguish between uppercase
and lowercase letter. For example, if you specify the following search pattern:

     PC

articles containing the string pc would not be found by the search.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK starts the requested search and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting the Cancel closes the dialog box without performing a search.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Refreshing ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Refreshing allows you to customize the way NewsReader/2 updates its
display of articles.

The following refresh options are available:

o Removing headers for the articles you have already viewed.
o Removing cancelled headers (those headers that no longer exist on the news
  server because they have been cancelled by the author).
o Setting up automatic-refresh activity when NewsReader/2 is idle.
o Selecting automatic-refresh activity.

Note:  To start auto-refreshing, you must specify a time interval between
refreshes by scrolling the scroll bar.

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to close the dialog box and activate your Refresh options.
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog box.
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Auto-Refresh ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

When you chose Auto-refresh, NewsReader/2 performs automatic updates for you.

If you do not select this checkbox, your news information will be updated only
when you chose Refresh now from the View pull-down menu of the main or Article
List windows.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Remove Read Headers ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Remove read headers deletes the headers for the articles you have
already viewed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Remove Cancelled Headers ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Remove cancelled headers deletes cancelled article headers during the
refresh activity.

Note:  Selecting this option increases refresh processing time considerably.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Auto-Refresh Only When Idle ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Auto-refresh only when idle specifies the time interval (using the
scroll bar) that the news server must be idle before auto-refreshing can occur.
(You can select < to decrease the interval and > to increase the interval.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK activates your selections and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel discards your changes and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Include Article Number ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Include article number displays the article numbers in the Article
List window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Include Subject ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Include subject displays the article subjects in the Article List
window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Include Author's Name ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Include author's name displays the authors' names in the Article List
window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Include Line Count ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Include line count displays the total number of lines contained in
each article in the Article List window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Move Left Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting the Move Left push button swaps the current (highlighted) header
field with the header field preceding it.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Headers List Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This list box contains all of your current header fields. To move the position
of a field, select (highlight) the field and use the Move Left/Right buttons.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Move Right Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting the Move Right push button swaps the current (highlighted) header
field with the header field following it.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK closes the Article list dialog and activates the changes.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Defaults Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Defaults loads the default header fields and their default positions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog without changing any of the header
configuration options.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NewsReader/2 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This dialog box is displayed when:

o You select the Choose news server option from the Actions pull-down menu
  option of the main NewsReader/2 menu.

o You first initiate a NewsReader/2 session, unless you have preconfigured your
  news server using the Configuration notebook or your service provider.

To open a news server connection:

 1. Enter the name or IP address of a news server.

 2. Select the OK push button.

Note:  Once a connection is opened, server information is saved for future
sessions. You will not have to provide it again unless you want to choose a
different news server.

You can select the following push buttons:

o OK to open a connection with the specified news server and close the dialog
  box

o Cancel to close the dialog box without opening a connection to a news server

o Help to obtain more information about this dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Local News Server Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the name of the news server you want to connect to in this field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK initiates a NewsReader/2 session with the specified local news
server and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box without starting a NewsReader/2 session.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Inform about creation of new groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To receive notification when new newsgroups are created, select NewsReader/2
from the Options main menu bar and then select Inform about creation of new
groups.

If any newsgroups were created on your news server since your last session, the
New Groups window is displayed when you start a session.

Note:  Since your news server may have a different time stamp for new groups
than NewsReader/2, you can miss some new groups notification.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Skip read articles ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Skip read articles with Next/Previous Article/Reference allows you to
skip the articles you have already viewed when searching for the next (or
previous) article (or reference).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Mark Blocked Headers ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Marked blocked headers instead of removing marks (highlights) blocked
headers instead of deleting them.

Note: Blockfiles are used to exclude designated newsgroups, authors, or
subjects from your newsgroup listings.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Show Read Article Statistics ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Show read article statistics as percentages displays the percentage
of articles viewed (in the main and status windows).

The default is to show these statistics in an x unread articles format.

Note:  If Load articles on demand is chosen, the newsgroup statistics might not
be current. You might need to refresh the Article List, load the newsgroup, or
double-click on a newsgroup name to update the information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keep Posting Log File ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Keep posting log file indicates that a log file (NR2POST.LOG) will
contain a history of your posting activity. This file resides in your local
TCPIP\ETC\LOG subdirectory.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keep Mailing Log File ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Keep mailing log file indicates that a log file (NR2MAIL.LOG) will
contain a history of your NewsReader/2 mail activity. This file resides in your
local TCPIP\ETC\LOG subdirectory.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Beep on New News ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Beep on new news plays a little chime when new news is received.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Restore Window on New News ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Restore window on new news restores a minimized NewsReader/2 window
each time a  refresh of the newsgroups occurs (either a manual or automatic
refresh).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Ascending Number ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Sort by ascending number arranges the articles in the Article List
window in ascending numerical order. (The older posts appear at the top, and
the newer posts appear at the bottom.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Descending Number ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Sort by descending number arranges the articles in the Article List
window in descending numerical order. (The older posts appear at the bottom,
and the newer posts appear at the top.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Subject ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Sort by subject arranges the articles in the Article List window
alphabetically by subject.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sort by Author ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Sort by author arranges the articles in the Article List window
alphabetically by author.

Note:  Articles are sorted by the first letter in the author field, which is
usually an author's first name.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Statistics on Current Group ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Statistics on current group displays statistics, in the Status
window, about the newsgroup articles you have already read. The default is to
show statistics in an x unread articles format.

Note:  If Load articles on demand is chosen, the newsgroup statistics might not
be current. You might need to refresh the Article List, load the newsgroup, or
double-click on a newsgroup name to update the information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Statistics on All Groups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Statistics on all groups displays statistics, in the Status window,
about all of the newsgroup articles you have viewed. The default is to show
statistics in an x unread articles format.

Note:  If Load articles on demand is chosen, the newsgroup statistics might not
be current. You might need to refresh the Article List, load the newsgroup, or
double-clicking on a newsgroup name to update the information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK saves the selected options and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box without saving any data. (Your previous
options remain in effect.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using the following dialog, you can select the options for your NewsReader/2
Article windows:

o Multiple windows
o Highlight subject
o Terse viewing mode
o Word wrap long lines
o Define Spacebar
o Define Enter key

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to close the dialog and activate the new header configuration
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Multiple Windows ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Multiple windows allows you to open up to eight multiple Article
windows at a time.

When this option is chosen and you select a header from the Article List
window, a new Article window is loaded instead of overwriting the existing
window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Highlight Subject ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Highlight subject highlights the subject of the article in the
Article window after the article is loaded.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Terse Viewing Mode ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Terse viewing mode removes all of the unnecessary header information
(for example, Xref, Path, Organization, Disclaimer, and X-Newsreader) from
articles before they are loaded into the Article window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Word Wrap Long Lines ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Word wrap long lines wraps long lines (those which extend past the
right side of the window) onto the next line of the Article window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Define Spacebar Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Define Spacebar defines the action the spacebar will perform while
you are viewing articles.

Available actions are listed in the following dialog box:


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Define Enter Key Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Define Enter key defines the action the Enter key will perform while
you are viewing articles.

Available actions are listed in the following dialog box:


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK saves the options you have selected and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box without saving new options. (Your old
options remain in effect.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Define Spacebar/Enter key ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Define Spacebar or Define Enter key allows you to define the action
performed when these keys are selected.

The following dialog box is used to define the Spacebar action:

The following dialog box is used to defined the Enter key action:

The following key actions are available:

o Nothing
o Next Article
o Next Reference
o Page Down
o Page Down, with next Article at end
o Page Down, with next Reference at end
To choose a key definition, select its corresponding radio button.

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to close the dialog and activate the new header configuration
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Nothing Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Nothing if you do not want the key to perform an action.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Next Article Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Next Article if you want the key to load the next article.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Next Reference Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Next Reference if you want the key to load the next article with the
same subject.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Page Down Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Page Down if you want the key to perform a page down action.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Page Down, Next Article Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Page Down, with Next Article at end if you want the key to either:

o Move down a page within an article
o Load the next article if at the end of an article


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Page Down, Next Reference Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Page Down, with Next Reference at end if you want the key to either:

o Move down a page within an article
o Load the next reference if at the end of an article


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OK Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting OK saves the selected key definition and closes the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog box without saving any new key definitions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Search Articles Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To search the articles of the current newsgroup for a particular string:

 1. Enter the search pattern in the Enter string to search for field.

 2. Specify a Search Option, if applicable:

   o Case Sensitive
   o End the search with the first article containing the search string
   o Exclude articles you have already viewed
   o Include only articles you have already viewed

 3. Specify whether the search encompasses article headers only, the body of
    the articles only, or both.

 4. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Search to start the search
   o Cancel to cancel the search operation and close the dialog box
   o Help to obtain more information about this topic

Once the search begins:

o The headers of the articles containing matches are displayed in the Result
  list box, followed by the line from the article that contains the search
  string.

o The Search push button changes to Stop, which can be used to stop the search
  at any time.

  If a search is stopped, the push button changes back to Search, and you can
  restart the search from where it left off.

o To load an article:

    1. Wait until the search has completed or stop the search using the Stop
       push button.

    2. Select by double-clicking on the article header, or the line of text
       from the article, in the Result list box.

o You can use the Clear push button to delete articles from the Result list box
  once the search has ended.

  Note:  If you initiate another Search action after a Clear, the search starts
  from the beginning of the newsgroup (instead of starting from where the
  previous search was stopped).

o You can select Cancel to close the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Results List Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The headers of the articles containing a match for the search string are
displayed in this list box. The line following each header shows the text
string found.

You can select by double-clicking on either the header or the line to load the
corresponding article.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Enter String field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the desired search pattern in this field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Case Sensitive Check Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Check this check box if you want the search to distinguish between uppercase
and lowercase letters. For example, if you specify the following search
pattern:

     PC

articles containing the string pc would not be found.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Stop at First Article Check Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Check this option if you want the article search to stop at the first article
containing the search string.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Skip Read Check Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Check this option if you want the article search to exclude those articles you
have already viewed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Skip Unread Check Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Check this option if you want the article search to include only those articles
you have already viewed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article Headers Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Article Headers if you want the article search to include article
headers only.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article Body Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Article Body if you want the article search to include the article body
only.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Both Radio Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Both if you want the article search to include both the article body and
headers.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Search/Stop Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This push button is used for both the Search action (to initiate a search) and
Stop (to end the search).

After stopping a search, you can select Search to restart the search where it
left off.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Clear Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Clear deletes the article headers displayed in the Result list box.

Note:  If you initiate another Search action after a Clear, the search starts
from the beginning of the newsgroup (instead of starting where the previous
search was stopped).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Cancel Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Cancel closes the dialog window without initiating a search.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Post Confirmation ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This dialog is displayed to confirm that you want to post a file you are
creating.

You can select one of the following push buttons.

o No to cancel the post and return to the Presentation Manager editor
o Yes to post the append


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Yes Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Yes sends your post to the news server.

Note:  You cannot load news while NewsReader/2 is sending the post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> No Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting No cancels your post request and returns to the editor to finish the
post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NewsReader/2 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting NewsReader/2 allows you to customize your NewsReader/2 session. To
chose an option, select the checkbox or radio button for that option.

When you have chosen your options, select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to close the dialog and save your options
o Cancel to close the dialog (and keep the previous options)
o Help to obtain more information about this topic

The following options can be chosen:

o Inform about creation of new groups
o Load articles on demand
o Skip read articles with Next/Previous Article/Reference
o Mark blocked headers instead of removing
o Show read  article statistics as percentages
o Keep posting log file
o Keep mailing log file
o Beep on new news
o Restore window on new news
o Send keep alive message
o Article List Auto-sorting

   - Sort by ascending number
   - Sort by descending number
   - Sort by subject
   - Sort by author

o Status Window

   - Statistics on current group
   - Statistics on all groups


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article list ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Article list allows you to customize your Article List window, using
the dialog box presented.

The following options are available:

o Header Fields

   - Include article number
   - Include line count
   - Include author's name
   - Include subject

o Field Ordering

   - Move Left
   - Move Right
   - Field display box

The Sample Header list box shows the revised header format as changes are made.

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o Defaults to restore the default header fields and their positions.
o OK to close the dialog and apply your changes.
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog.
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Article window displays the text of selected USENET articles.

This window is opened by double-clicking on an article header in the Article
List window.

When an article is loaded, its number, group, and size (in lines) are shown in
the title bar.

You can advance to the next article (by typing n) or the return to the previous
article (by typing p).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Etiquette Reminder Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This dialog is displayed when you create a post if Warn about etiquette is
chosen (default value) from the Posting dialog box of the Configure main window
menu bar.

Note:  You can suppress this dialog box by deselecting the Warn about etiquette
check box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Article window displays the text of selected USENET articles.

This window is opened double-clicking on an article header in the Article List
window.

When an article is loaded, its number, group, and size (in lines) are shown in
the title bar.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NewsReader/2 Options Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This dialog is displayed when you chose Options from the main window menu bar
and then select NewsReader/2. It allows you to customize your NewsReader/2
session.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Editor Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This dialog is displayed when you chose Configure from the main window menu bar
and then select Editor. It allows you to specify a custom Presentation Manager
editor to use for modifying signature and block files, creating posts, and
using existing files for your posts.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Advanced Posting Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This dialog is displayed when you select the Advanced push button from the
posting menu.

Using this dialog, you can override your default posting information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article List Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This dialog is displayed when you select NewsReader/2 from the Options main
window menu bar and then select Article. It allows you to customize the way
your Article List window is displayed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Choose News Server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To choose another news server on the Internet, select Choose News Server.

Note:  This does not automatically connect you to the specified news server.
You must load all newsgroups to open a connection.

News servers often track article numbers differently. Therefore, if you switch
from one server to another, NewsReader/2 might not be able to accurately track
the articles you have already viewed.

To obtain an accurate article count, you must either:

o Erase the NEWS.GRP file in the local ETC subdirectory and start a new
  session.

o Edit the NEWS.GRP file, removing the article number information, leaving only
  the newsgroup names.

Notes:

 1. This option is not available when you are connected to a news server.

 2. You can also specify a news reader in your Configuration notebook.

 3. If you have previously connected to a news server other than Advantis and
    now want to use an Advantis news server, specify default as the server name
    in this dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Use NewsReader/2 Editor Check Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can use this check box to select an editor: Presentation Manager editor:

o Select Use NewsReader/2 editor to choose the default editor

o Deselect Use NewsReader/2 editor to choose the Presentation Manager editor
  specified in the Custom Editor list box

Notes:

 1. If you select a custom editor, the Enhanced Editor (EPM) is the default
    custom editor.

 2. Some of the dialogs presented differ when you use a custom editor. For
    example, when using a custom editor for posting, the dialog presented (and
    the procedure for posting) differs slightly from the dialog displayed when
    using the default editor.

 3. A custom editor is required if you want to include a file in your post or
    for lengthy posts.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Subject ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Confirm the subject (the default is the subject of the article you are
viewing.)

You can enter a different subject in this field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Edit Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Edit loads your Presentation Manager editor, allowing you to compose
your post, if you have selected a custom editor.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Advanced Push Button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Advanced allows you to specify additional posting information using
the Advanced Posting Fields dialog.

This option overrides your default posting information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Posting List Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the text for your post in this list box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Advanced Posting Fields Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this dialog box, you can:

o Change your default distribution
o Add Summary information
o Specify Keywords
o Change your default Reply To e-mail address
o Designate a Followup-To newsgroup
o Change your default organization

Note:  All of these fields are optional.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Distribution Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter an alternate distribution for your post in this field. The default
distribution is displayed if previously configured.

The distribution of a post dictates how far your post will be distributed on
the USENET.

Valid examples are world, na, and usa.

This is an optional field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Summary Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter a short summary for your post into this field.

When NewsReader/2 posts your information, a Summary line will be included in
the header.

This is an optional field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Keywords ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the keywords for your post into this field.

When NewsReader/2 posts your information, a Keywords line will be included in
the header.

This is an optional field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Reply-To Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter a Reply To e-mail address, if you want to override your default posting
information.

This address is used by other newsreader applications when generating e-mail
replies to your posts or articles.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Followup-To Field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter the name of newsgroup(s) that you want respondents to post to when they
reply to your post.

NewsReader/2 will include a Followup-to line in the header information in your
post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Organization ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Enter an organization name in the Organization field, if you want to specify a
different organization than the default posting information.

NewsReader/2 will include an Organization line in the header information.

This field is optional; however, if you do not provide this information, your
local news server may assign a default.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Load Articles on Demand ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Load articles on demand (default) specifies that newsgroup articles
are loaded only when selected.

When this option is chosen:

o Performance is improved because newsgroup articles are loaded only when you
  request them.

o The newsgroup article counts might not be current. You might need to refresh
  the Article List, load the newsgroup, or double-click on a newsgroup name to
  update the article count.

o If you select a newsgroup that is not loaded, an empty Article List is
  displayed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Save Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to append the current article to the TCPIP\ETC\LOG\USEFUL.NEW file and
  close the dialog box

o Cancel to close the dialog box without saving the article

o Help to obtain more information about this dialog

Note:  To save the article to a different file, select Save as.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NEWS.ALL File ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

TCPIP\ETC\NEWS.ALL is a binary file containing entries for all of the USENET
newsgroups known to your news server and the newsgroups you can post to. The
file is used when you subscribe or post to any newsgroups.

When you connect to your first news server, a resource file is created,
NEWS.ALL, containing information about your session activities. As you access
other news servers, additional resource files are created (NEWS1.ALL,
NEWS2.ALL, etc.).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> List All Newsgroups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To list of all the newsgroups available from your current news server, select
List all newsgroups.

The following dialog box is displayed:

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o No to load your current NEWS.ALL file information, close the dialog box, and
  open the All Groups window, from which you can subscribe to newsgroups.

o Yes to update the current list of newsgroups from your news server, build a
  new NEWS.ALL file, close the dialog box, and open the All Groups window, from
  which you can subscribe to newsgroups.

  During the build operation, the dialog box shows build status and allows you
  to cancel the build.

o Cancel to cancel your request and close the dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Export NEWS.GRP to NEWSRC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can select the Export NEWS.GRP to NEWSRC option to convert your
NewsReader/2 subscription file (NEWS.GRP) to an acceptable format for a news
reader using a standard UNIX subscription format (NEWSRC). This allows you to
standardize your subscription windows across operating systems.

Note:  This option is available only when you are connected to a news server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Import NEWS.GRP from NEWSRC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can select the Import NEWS.GRP from NEWSRC option to convert a UNIX
subscription file (NEWSRC) to an acceptable format for NewsReader/2 (NEWS.ALL).
This allows you to standardize your subscription windows across operating
systems.

Note:  This option is only available when you are not connected to a server.
For example, if you start NewsReader/2 by entering the NR2 command at an OS/2
command prompt specifying the nc parameter.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Exit NewsReader/2 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To end your session, select Exit NewsReader/2.

You are asked to verify that you want to end your session.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Post News ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To create news articles from the main menu:

 1. Select Post from the Actions pull-down menu.

 2. If this is your first post and you are using a service provider other than
    Internet Connection Services, a dialog is presented for you to confirm or
    revise your posting information.

    Press the OK push button to continue.

    If you want to change your posting information after your initial post or
    if you are using Internet Connection Services:

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar
    b. Select Posting

 3. If this is your first post and you are using a service provider other than
    Internet Connection Services, a dialog is presented for you to confirm or
    revise your posting information.

    Press the OK push button to continue.

    If you want to change your posting information after your initial post or
    if you are using Internet Connection Services:

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar
    b. Select Posting

 4. The etiquette reminder dialog box is displayed:

   o Select the Yes push button to continue.
   o Select the No push button to cancel your post.
   o Select the Help push button for more information.

    Note:  To suppress the etiquette reminder dialog:

    a. Select Configure from the main window menu bar.
    b. Select Posting from the Configure pull-down menu.
    c. Deselect the Warn about etiquette check box.

 5. Enter your post information in the dialog box displayed:

   o The newsgroup (or newsgroups separated by a blank space, a comma, or both)
     to which you want to post.

     If a newsgroup is selected (highlighted) in the Article window, that
     newsgroup becomes the default newsgroup name.

   o The subject (title) of your post.

   o The text of your post in the window area provided.

    Note:  If you designated a custom editor from the Configure pull-down menu
    of the main window, the dialog box (and the corresponding procedure) vary
    slightly from the one show below.

 6. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o Post to send the post to the newsgroup(s) indicated.
   o Advanced to include optional posting information.
   o Cancel to end posting activity without saving your post.
   o Help for more information about posting.

Note:  You can designate a custom editor if you want to use an existing file or
post a lengthy reply.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Subscribe To ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To subscribe to a newsgroup on your news server (if you know the group name),
select Subscribe to.

The following dialog is displayed:

To subscribe to a newsgroup:

 1. Enter the group name

 2. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to subscribe to the newsgroup and close the dialog box.
   o Cancel to close the dialog box without subscribing to a newsgroup.
   o Help for more information about the dialog.

Notes:

 1. If you do not know the newsgroup name, you can peruse the All Groups window
    by selecting Load Newsgroups from the Actions main window menu bar.

    The All Groups window is displayed when all the newsgroups have been
    loaded. You can subscribe to a newsgroup by double-clicking on its name.

 2. You can also subscribe to newsgroups from the New Groups window when you
    start a session if you chose Inform about creation of new groups from the
    NewsReader/2 dialog box of the Options main window menu bar.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Unsubscribe ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Unsubscribe to delete the current (highlighted) newsgroup subscription.

You are asked to confirm that you want to delete the newsgroup. If you select
Yes, your subscription is removed.

Note:  You can manually delete multiple newsgroups from your NEWS.GRP file
after you have ended your NewsReader/2 session.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Next Group ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To advance to the next newsgroup containing articles, select Next Group.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Previous Group ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To view the previous newsgroup containing articles, select Previous Group.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Load newsgroups ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To connect to the specified news server and load the newsgroups listed in your
NEWS.GRP file, select Load Newsgroups.

The NEWS.GRP file contains information about your subscriptions and the
articles you have viewed.

Note:  If a message is displayed when your newsgroups are being loaded
informing you that a newsgroup could not be found:

o Browse the newsgroups listed in the main window until you locate the
  newsgroup with the notation Not found on server.

o Delete the newsgroup.

The All Groups window is displayed when all the newsgroups have been loaded.
You can subscribe to a newsgroup by double-clicking on its name.

This option is available only when you are connected to a news server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Choose a News Server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

You can specify a news server to which you want to connect.

Notes:

 1. This does not automatically connect you to the specified news server. You
    must load all newsgroups to open a connection.

 2. You can also specify a news reader in your Configuration notebook.

 3. If you have previously connected to a news server other than Advantis and
    now want to use an Advantis news server, specify default as the server name
    in this dialog box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Current ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Current updates the current (highlighted) group from the news server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> All ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting All updates newsgroups to which you are subscribed:

o If Load articles on demand is in effect (the default), all loaded newsgroups
  are refreshed. That is, those newsgroups you have already viewed.

o If Load articles on demand is deselected, all of the newsgroups are
  refreshed.

To set Load articles on demand:

 1. Select Options from the main window menu bar.
 2. Select NewsReader/2 from the Options pull-down menu.
 3. Select (or deselect) the Load articles on demand check box.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NewsReader/2 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting NewsReader/2 allows you to customize your NewsReader/2 sessions using
the following dialog box:

To chose an option, select the checkbox or radio button for that option.

When you have set up your options, select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to close the dialog and save your options
o Cancel to close the dialog (and keep the previous options)
o Help to obtain more information about this dialog

The following options can be chosen:

o Inform about creation of new groups
o Load articles on demand
o Skip read articles with Next/Previous Article/Reference
o Mark blocked headers instead of removing
o Show read article statistics as percentages
o Keep posting log file
o Keep mailing log file
o Beep on new news
o Restore window on new news
o Send keep alive message
o Article List Auto-sorting

   - Sort by ascending number
   - Sort by descending number
   - Sort by subject
   - Sort by author

o Status Window

   - Statistics on current group
   - Statistics on all groups


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article List ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Article list allows you to customize your Article List window, using
the following dialog box:

The following options are available:

o Header Fields

   - Include article number
   - Include line count
   - Include author's name
   - Include subject

o Field Ordering

   - Move Left
   - Move Right
   - Field display box

Note:  The list box shows revisions as changes are made.

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o Defaults to restore the default article header fields and their positions.
o OK to close the dialog and apply your changes.
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog.
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can customize NewsReader/2's presentation of articles in
the Article window using the following dialog box:

The following options are available:

o Multiple windows
o Subject line highlighting
o Terse viewing mode
o Word wrap
o Define Spacebar
o Define Enter Key


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Colors ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

By selecting Colors, you can chose the colors of your Article List, Article,
All Groups, New Groups, and Search Article windows. You can also chose the
color for the headers of articles that you have read, as well as the background
color for the main window.

Using the following dialog box, you can select (highlight) an item from the
Fields list box, select colors, and view the results in the Sample text list
box:

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o Save to activate the colors, close the dialog box, and save your selections
  for future sessions.

o Apply to activate the colors and close the dialog box. Your selections will
  not be saved for future sessions.

o Cancel to close the dialog box without making any changes.

o Help for more information about this dialog.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Save Window Positions ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can save the current positions and sizes of your main, New
Groups, Article List, and Article windows.

Note:  All of the window positions are saved. There is no way to save
individual window positions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Use Default Settings ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To reset the default window positions, sizes, and colors, select Use Default
Settings.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Signature ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can create, edit, and delete signature file(s).

Note:  Sigfiles are used for mail generated by NewsReader/2  only (for example,
when you mail a reply to a news article). The file is not used by other TCP/IP
electronic mail functions.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Refreshing ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Refreshing sets the refresh activity for your newsgroups, using the
following dialog:

You can choose from the following options:

o Removing previously-viewed or cancelled articles.

o Automatically refreshing when NewsReader/2 is idle.

o Bypass automatic refreshing activity.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Fonts ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Selecting Fonts allows you to change the fonts used in the Subscriptions,
Article List, Article All Groups, New Groups, and Search Articles windows.

The following dialog box is displayed:

 1. Select one of the following font options:

   o Font (monospace, proportional, and so on)
   o Style (bold, italic, and so on)
   o Size of the font used
   o Emphasis (underlined, outlined, and so on)

 2. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to close the dialog and activate your font selections.
   o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog.
   o Help to obtain more information about the dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Posting ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Posting to customize the information used by NewsReader/2 when posting
news, sending replies, and forwarding articles.

The following dialog box is displayed:

 1. Select the default values for the following fields:

   o From (required)
   o Reply To (optional)
   o Organization (optional)
   o Scope of Distribution (optional)

    Note:  Select the Advanced push button to override these defaults for
    individual posts.

 2. Select Check group postability if you want NewsReader/2 to query if the
    newsgroup(s) to which you are posting will accept posts. Otherwise, you may
    waste time composing an append that cannot be posted.

    Note:  A positive response is not necessarily a guarantee that your post
    will be accepted, since some newsgroups have restricted posting. However, a
    negative response guarantees that your post will not be accepted.

 3. Select Warn about etiquette if you want the etiquette reminder dialog box
    displayed each time you begin your posting activities.

    If this check box is chosen (the default), the dialog box is displayed. You
    can select:

   o The Yes push button to continue.
   o The No push button to cancel your post.
   o The Help push button for more information.

    If this check box is deselected, the dialog box is not displayed.

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to apply your posting information and close the dialog box
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog box
o Help to obtain more information about this dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Editor ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

From this menu, you can specify your Presentation Manager editor support for
NewsReader/2's editing tasks, using the following dialog:

Note:  You can use a custom Presentation Manager editor to bring in an existing
file for your post, post a lengthy reply, or update signature or blockfiles.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Printer ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu, you can designate a default printer for printing NewsReader/2
articles.

Select (highlight) the printer you want to use in the following dialog box:

You can select one of the following push buttons:

o OK to close the dialog and select the new printer default
o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog
o Help to obtain more information about the dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Help Index ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Help index for an index of NewsReader/2 topics.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Getting Started ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Getting Started for information about starting, using, and exiting
NewsReader/2.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Product Information ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Select Product information for NewsReader/2 version and copyright information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> All Groups Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This window contains a list of all USENET groups on the news server. It is not
opened by NewsReader/2 when you start a session. To open the window, select
File from the main window menu bar and then select List all newsgroups.

(The number of groups is displayed in the window title bar.)

Using this menu, you can:

o Subscribe to a single newsgroup by double-clicking on its name.

o Subscribe to multiple newsgroups by selecting Add Group(s) from the Actions
  pull-down menu.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Advanced Posting Fields Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

This dialog is displayed when you select the Advanced push button from the
posting menu.

This option overrides your default posting information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Article List Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Article List window is created when you start a NewsReader/2 session. It
contains a list of the articles for a selected newsgroup. (The newsgroup name
is displayed in the title bar.)

You can select by double-clicking on an article header to load an article into
the Article window.

You can advance to the next newsgroup containing articles (by typing n) or the
return to the previous newsgroup (by typing p).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> New Groups Window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The New Groups window displays the newsgroups added to your news server since
your last NewsReader/2 session if you choose Inform about creation of new
groups from the NewsReader/2 dialog box of the Options main menu item. (The
number of new groups is displayed in the title bar.)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> NEWS.GRP File ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The NEWS.GRP file contains a record of NewsReader/2 subscriptions and status.
Each line in the file contains a newsgroup name, followed by a list of the
article numbers you have already read.

NewsReader/2 uses the information in this file to load newsgroups (from the
Actions pull-down menu of the main window).

Notes

 1. You can manually delete multiple newsgroup subscriptions by deleting those
    entries from this file after you have ended your NewsReader/2 session. (You
    can delete individual newsgroup subscriptions by using the Unsubscribe
    option from the Actions pull-down menu of the main window.)

 2. When you connect to your first news server, a resource file is created,
    NEWS.GRP, containing information about your session activities. As you
    access other news servers, additional resource files are created
    (NEWS1.GRP, NEWS2.GRP, etc.).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Sample Etiquette Information ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The following is an excerpt from the news.announce.newusers newsgroup.

A Primer on How to Work With the USENET Community

Chuq Von Rospach

*** You now have access to Usenet, a network of thousands of computers.  Other
documents or your system administrator will provide detailed technical
documentation.  This message describes the Usenet culture and customs that have
developed over time.  All new users should read this message to find out how
Usenet works. ***

USENET is a large collection of computers that share data with each other.  It
is the people on these computers that make USENET worth the effort to read and
maintain, and for USENET to function properly those people must be able to
interact in productive ways.  This document is intended as a guide to using the
net in ways that will be pleasant and productive for everyone.

This document is not intended to teach you how to use USENET. Instead, it is a
guide to using it politely, effectively and efficiently.  Communication by
computer is new to almost everybody, and there are certain aspects that can
make it a frustrating experience until you get used to them.  This document
should help you avoid the worst traps.

The easiest way to learn how to use USENET is to watch how others use it.
Start reading the news and try to figure out what people are doing and why.
After a couple of weeks you will start understanding why certain things are
done and what things shouldn't be done.  There are documents available
describing the technical details of how to use the software.  These are
different depending on which programs you use to access the news.  You can get
copies of these from your system administrator.  If you do not know who that
person is, they can be contacted on most systems by mailing to account
"usenet".

Never Forget that the Person on the Other Side is Human

Because your interaction with the network is through a computer it is easy to
forget that there are people "out there." Situations arise where emotions erupt
into a verbal free-for-all that can lead to hurt feelings.  Please remember
that people all over the world are reading your words.  Do not attack people if
you cannot persuade them with your presentation of the facts.  Screaming,
cursing, and abusing others only serves to make people think less of you and
less willing to help you when you need it.

If you are upset at something or someone, wait until you have had a chance to
calm down and think about it.  A cup of (decaf!) coffee or a good night's sleep
works wonders on your perspective.  Hasty words create more problems than they
solve.  Try not to say anything to others you would not say to them in person
in a room full of people.

Don't Blame System Admins for their Users' Behavior

Sometimes, you may find it necessary to write to a system administrator about
something concerning his or her site.  Maybe it is a case of the software not
working, or a control message escaped, or maybe one of the users at that site
has done something you feel requires comment.  No matter how steamed you may
be, be polite to the sysadmin -- he or she may not have any idea of what you
are going to say, and may not have any part in the incidents involved.  By
being civil and temperate, you are more likely to obtain their courteous
attention and assistance.

Never Assume That a Person is Speaking for Their Organization

Many people who post to Usenet do so from machines at their office or school.
Despite that, never assume that the person is speaking for the organization
that they are posting their articles from (unless the person explicitly says
so).  Some people put explicit disclaimers to this effect in their messages,
but this is a good general rule.  If you find an article offensive, consider
taking it up with the person directly, or ignoring it.  Learn about "kill
files" in your newsreader, and other techniques for ignoring people whose
postings you find offensive.

Be Careful What You Say About Others

Please remember -- you read netnews; so do as many as 3,000,000 other people.
This group quite possibly includes your boss, your friend's boss, your girl
friend's brother's best friend and one of your father's beer buddies.
Information posted on the net can come back to haunt you or the person you are
talking about.

Think twice before you post personal information about yourself or others.
This applies especially strongly to groups like soc.singles and alt.sex but
even postings in groups like talk.politics.misc have included information about
the personal life of third parties that could get them into serious trouble if
it got into the wrong hands.

Be Brief

Never say in ten words what you can say in fewer.  Say it succinctly and it
will have a greater impact.  Remember that the longer you make your article,
the fewer people will bother to read it.

Your Postings Reflect Upon You -- Be Proud of Them

Most people on USENET will know you only by what you say and how well you say
it.  They may someday be your co-workers or friends.  Take some time to make
sure each posting is something that will not embarrass you later. Minimize your
spelling errors and make sure that the article is easy to read and understand.
Writing is an art and to do it well requires practice.  Since much of how
people judge you on the net is based on your writing, such time is well spent.

Use Descriptive Titles

The subject line of an article is there to enable a person with a limited
amount of time to decide whether or not to read your article.  Tell people what
the article is about before they read it.  A title like "Car for Sale" to
rec.autos does not help as much as "66 MG Midget for sale: Beaverton OR." Don't
expect people to read your article to find out what it is about because many of
them won't bother.  Some sites truncate the length of the subject line to 40
characters so keep your subjects short and to the point.

Think About Your Audience

When you post an article, think about the people you are trying to reach.
Asking UNIX(*) questions on rec.autos will not reach as many of the people you
want to reach as if you asked them on comp.unix.questions or
comp.unix.internals.  Try to get the most appropriate audience for your
message, not the widest.

It is considered bad form to post both to misc.misc, soc.net-people, or
misc.wanted and to some other newsgroup.  If it belongs in that other
newsgroup, it does not belong in misc.misc, soc.net-people, or misc.wanted.

If your message is of interest to a limited geographic area (apartments, car
sales, meetings, concerts, etc...), restrict the distribution of the message to
your local area.  Some areas have special newsgroups with geographical
limitations, and the recent versions of the news software allow you to limit
the distribution of material sent to world-wide newsgroups.  Check with your
system administrator to see what newsgroups are available and how to use them.

If you want to try a test of something, do not use a world-wide newsgroup!
Messages in misc.misc that say "This is a test" are likely to cause large
numbers of caustic messages to flow into your mailbox.  There are newsgroups
that are local to your computer or area that should be used. Your system
administrator can tell you what they are.

Be familiar with the group you are posting to before you post!  You shouldn't
post to groups you do not read, or post to groups you've only read a few
articles from -- you may not be familiar with the on-going conventions and
themes of the group.  One normally does not join a conversation by just walking
up and talking.  Instead, you listen first and then join in if you have
something pertinent to contribute.

Be Careful with Humor and Sarcasm

Without the voice inflections and body language of personal communications, it
is easy for a remark meant to be funny to be misinterpreted.  Subtle humor
tends to get lost, so take steps to make sure that people realize you are
trying to be funny.  The net has developed a symbol called the smiley face.  It
looks like ":-)" and points out sections of articles with humorous intent.  No
matter how broad the humor or satire, it is safer to remind people that you are
being funny.

But also be aware that quite frequently satire is posted without any explicit
indications.  If an article outrages you strongly, you should ask yourself if
it just may have been unmarked satire. Several self-proclaimed connoisseurs
refuse to use smiley faces, so take heed or you may make a temporary fool of
yourself.

Only Post a Message Once

Avoid posting messages to more than one newsgroup unless you are sure it is
appropriate.  If you do post to multiple newsgroups, do not post to each group
separately.  Instead, specify all the groups on a single copy of the message.
This reduces network overhead and lets people who subscribe to more than one of
those groups see the message once instead of having to wade through each copy.

Please Rotate Messages With Questionable Content

Certain newsgroups (such as rec.humor) have messages in them that may be
offensive to some people.  To make sure that these messages are not read unless
they are explicitly requested, these messages should be encrypted.  The
standard encryption method is to rotate each letter by thirteen characters so
that an "a" becomes an "n".  This is known on the network as "rot13" and when
you rotate a message the word "rot13" should be in the "Subject:" line.  Most
of the software used to read usenet articles have some way of encrypting and
decrypting messages.

Summarize What You are Following Up

When you are following up someone's article, please summarize the parts of the
article to which you are responding.  This allows readers to appreciate your
comments rather than trying to remember what the original article said.  It is
also possible for your response to get to some sites before the original
article.

Summarization is best done by including appropriate quotes from the original
article.  Do not include the entire article since it will irritate the people
who have already seen it.  Even if you are responding to the entire article,
summarize only the major points you are discussing.

When Summarizing, Summarize!

When you request information from the network, it is common courtesy to report
your findings so that others can benefit as well.  The best way of doing this
is to take all the responses that you received and edit them into a single
article that is posted to the places where you originally posted your question.
Take the time to strip headers, combine duplicate information, and write a
short summary.  Try to credit the information to the people that sent it to
you, where possible.

Use Mail, Don't Post a Follow-up

One of the biggest problems we have on the network is that when someone asks a
question, many people send out identical answers.  When this happens, dozens of
identical answers pour through the net.  Mail your answer to the person and
suggest that they summarize to the network.  This way the net will only see a
single copy of the answers, no matter how many people answer the question.

If you post a question, please remind people to send you the answers by mail
and at least offer to summarize them to the network.

Read All Follow-ups and Don't Repeat What Has Already Been Said

Before you submit a follow-up to a message, read the rest of the messages in
the newsgroup to see whether someone has already said what you want to say.  If
someone has, don't repeat it.

Check the Headers When Following Up

The news software has provisions to specify that follow-ups to an article
should go to a specific set of newsgroups -- possibly different from the
newsgroups to which the original article was posted.  Sometimes the groups
chosen for follow-ups are totally inappropriate, especially as a thread of
discussion changes with repeated postings.  You should carefully check the
groups and distributions given in the header and edit them as appropriate.  If
you change the groups named in the header, or if you direct follow-ups to a
particular group, say so in the body of the message -- not everyone reads the
headers of postings.

Be Careful About Copyrights and Licenses

Once something is posted onto the network, it is *probably* in the public
domain unless you own the appropriate rights (most notably, if you wrote the
thing yourself) and you post it with a valid copyright notice; a court would
have to decide the specifics and there are arguments for both sides of the
issue. Now that the US has ratified the Berne convention, the issue is even
murkier (if you are a poster in the US).  For all practical purposes, though,
assume that you effectively give up the copyright if you don't put in a notice.
Of course, the *information* becomes public, so you mustn't post trade secrets
that way.

When posting material to the network, keep in mind that material that is
UNIX-related may be restricted by the license you or your company signed with
AT&T and be careful not to violate it.  You should also be aware that posting
movie reviews, song lyrics, or anything else published under a copyright could
cause you, your company, or members of the net community to be held liable for
damages, so we highly recommend caution in using this material.

Cite Appropriate References

If you are using facts to support a cause, state where they came from. Don't
take someone else's ideas and use them as your own.  You don't want someone
pretending that your ideas are theirs; show them the same respect.

Mark or Rotate Answers and Spoilers

When you post something (like a movie review that discusses a detail of the
plot) which might spoil a surprise for other people, please mark your message
with a warning so that they can skip the message.  Another alternative would be
to use the "rot13" protocol to encrypt the message so it cannot be read
accidentally. When you post a message with a spoiler in it make sure the word
"spoiler" is part of the "Subject:" line.

Spelling Flames Considered Harmful

Every few months a plague descends on USENET called the spelling flame. It
starts out when someone posts an article correcting the spelling or grammar in
some article. The immediate result seems to be for everyone on the net to turn
into a 6th grade English teacher and pick apart each other's postings for a few
weeks.  This is not productive and tends to cause people who used to be friends
to get angry with each other.

It is important to remember that we all make mistakes, and that there are many
users on the net who use English as a second language.  There are also a number
of people who suffer from dyslexia and who have difficulty noticing their
spelling mistakes. If you feel that you must make a comment on the quality of a
posting, please do so by mail, not on the network.

Don't Overdo Signatures

Signatures are nice, and many people can have a signature added to their
postings automatically by placing it in a file called "$HOME/.signature".
Don't overdo it.  Signatures can tell the world something about you, but keep
them short.  A signature that is longer than the message itself is considered
to be in bad taste.  The main purpose of a signature is to help people locate
you, not to tell your life story.  Every signature should include at least your
return address relative to a major, known site on the network and a proper
domain-format address.  Your system administrator can give this to you.  Some
news posters attempt to enforce a 4 line limit on signature files -- an amount
that should be more than sufficient to provide a return address and
attribution.

Limit Line Length and Avoid Control Characters

Try to keep your text in a generic format.  Many (if not most) of the people
reading Usenet do so from 80 column terminals or from workstations with 80
column terminal windows.  Try to keep your lines of text to less than 80
characters for optimal readability. If people quote part of your article in a
followup, short lines will probably show up better, too.

Also realize that there are many, many different forms of terminals in use.  If
you enter special control characters in your message, it may result in your
message being unreadable on some terminal types; a character sequence that
causes reverse video on your screen may result in a keyboard lock and graphics
mode on someone else's terminal.  You should also try to avoid the use of tabs,
too, since they may also be interpreted differently on terminals other than
your own.

Please Do Not Use Usenet as a Resource for Homework Assignments

Usenet is not a resource for homework or class assignments. A common new user
reaction to learning of all these people out there holding discussions is to
view them as a great resource for gathering information for reports and papers.
Trouble is, after seeing a few hundred such requests, most people get tired of
them, and won't reply anyway. Certainly not in the expected or hoped-for
numbers. Posting student questionnaires automatically brands you a "newbie" and
does not usually garner much more than a tiny number of replies.  Further, some
of those replies are likely to be incorrect.

Instead, read the group of interest for a while, and find out what the main
"threads" are - what are people discussing? Are there any themes you can
discover?  Are there different schools of thought?

Only post something after you've followed the group for a few weeks, after you
have read the Frequently Asked Questions posting if the group has one, and if
you still have a question or opinion that others will probably find
interesting.  If you have something interesting to contribute, you'll find that
you gain almost instant acceptance, and your posting will generate a large
number of follow-up postings. Use these in your research; it is a far more
efficient (and accepted) way to learn about the group than to follow that first
instinct and post a simple questionnaire.

Please Do Not Use Usenet as an Advertising Medium

Advertisements on Usenet are rarely appreciated.  In general, the louder or
more inappropriate the ad is, the more antagonism it will stir up. The
accompanying posting "Rules for posting to Usenet" has more on this in the
section about "Announcement of professional products or services". Try the
biz.* hierarchies instead.

Avoid Posting to Multiple Newsgroups

Few things annoy Usenet readers as much as multiple copies of a posting
appearing in multiple newsgroups.  (called 'spamming' for historical reasons) A
posting that is cross-posted (i.e lists multiple newsgroups on the Newsgroups:
header line) to a few appropriate newsgroups is fine, but even with
cross-posts, restraint is advised.  For a cross-post, you may want to set the
Followup-To: header line to the most suitable group for the rest of the
discussion.

Summary of Things to Remember

Never forget that the person on the other side is human.
Don't blame system admins for their users' behavior.
Never assume that a person is speaking for their organization.
Be careful what you say about others.
Be brief.
Your postings reflect upon you; be proud of them.
Use descriptive titles
Think about your audience.
Be careful with humor and sarcasm.
Only post a message once.
Please rotate material with questionable content.
Summarize what you are following up.
Use mail, don't post a follow-up.
Read all follow-ups and don't repeat what has already been said.
Double-check follow-up newsgroups and distributions.
Be careful about copyrights and licenses.
Cite appropriate references.
When summarizing, summarize.
Mark or rotate answers or spoilers.
Spelling flames considered harmful.
Don't overdo signatures.
Limit line length and avoid control characters.
Please do not use Usenet as a resource for homework assignments.
Please do not use Usenet as an advertising medium.
Avoid posting to multiple newsgroups.

Note:  This document is in the public domain and may be reproduced or excerpted
by anyone wishing to do so.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Custom Editor Post Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Custom Editor Mail Dialog ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Open ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this menu option, you can open either either the:

o Next Group displayed in the Article window.

o The Previous Group displayed in the Article window.

Note:  You can advance to the next newsgroup containing articles group by
typing n or the return to the previous newsgroup by typing p.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Posting Dialog Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Fonts Dialog Box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Using this dialog box, you can change the fonts used in the Subscriptions,
Article List, Article All Groups, New Groups, and Search Articles windows:

 1. Select one of the following font options:

   o Font (monospace, proportional, and so on)
   o Style (bold, italic, and so on)
   o Size of the font used
   o Emphasis (underlined, outlined, and so on)

 2. Select one of the following push buttons:

   o OK to close the dialog and activate your font selections.
   o Cancel to discard the changes you have made and close the dialog.
   o Help to obtain more information about the dialog


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Send Keep Alive Message ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

If you select Send keep alive message, you will not be automatically
disconnected from the dialer because your connection is idle. When keep alive
messages are sent, your session remains active and your connection open.

If this option is not chosen, your connection is automatically closed after a
specified (server-dependent) period of inactivity.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4. NewsReader/2 Terms and Concepts ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Like many terms used in describing the internet, the terms used to describe
NewsReader/2 may be unfamiliar at first. Also, some terms have a specific
meaning to NewsReader/2.

These terms are described here.

o Dialog box
o Directory
o Drag and drop
o News
o Newsgroup
o News server
o Post
o Pull-down menu
o Push button
o Subdirectory
o Workstation


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Drag and drop ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Drag and drop refers to an OS/2* desktop procedure where you drag an icon (by
pressing and holding the right mouse button) from one point on the desktop and
drop (releasing the right mouse button) it at another, usually onto a window or
icon. This an intuitive and powerful method of transferring information.

Not all windows or objects can be dropped onto. A black circle with a
horizontal white bar indicates that the window or object will not accept the
dropped item. Additionally, some objects will allow NewsReader/2 to drop onto
them, but will not recognize it because it is not a recognizable format to the
application.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> News ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The term news applies to the USENET in only the most general sense. For the
most part, what you will see on USENET newsgroups does not correspond with the
average person's definition of news. The USENET is not a collection of
electronic newspapers. On USENET, you will find facts and opinions on almost
any subject.

If you are not familiar with news services, you should review the following
topics: What is a newsgroup?

o What is a post?
o What are the rules of etiquette?


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Newsgroup ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A newsgroup (or group) is a collection of articles in the USENET that fall
under a certain topic. For example, there are newsgroups about baking,
computing, law, Star Trek, and so forth. A newsgroup may or may not be
moderated.

There are several major hierarchies of newsgroups on the USENET. Each hierarchy
deals with a general area of concentration. For example:

alt       Alternate newsgroups covering diverse topics.
biz       Newsgroups with business-related topics.
comp      Topics covering many aspects of computing such as computer
          programming, operating systems, hardware, etc.
misc      Miscellaneous topics, which do not fall under any other hierarchy.
news      Topics dealing with USENET networking and maintenance.
rec       Groups covering numerous types of recreation, hobbies, and interests.
sci       Scientific groups, dealing with both research and application.
soc       Socializing newsgroups. Many different world cultures are
          represented.
talk      Discussion newsgroups, which host debates on various topics.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> News server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A news server is a workstation, on the Internet, that is a repository for the
news database.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1. Post ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The terms post, article, and append are synonymous. They refer to the smallest
informational package on the USENET. They are quite similar to electronic mail
in their structure, but the audience is very different. Usually e-mail is sent
to a limited number of individuals. On the other hand, posts to the USENET
generally have the whole world as their audience. Literally, thousands may read
what you post to the USENET.

To better understand just what a post is and to understand its basic structure,
let's look at an example:

Xref:yktnews.watson.ibm.com ibm.watson.test:73 ibm.test:60
Newsgroups:ibm.watson.test,ibm.test
Path: yktnews.watson.ibm.com!news
From:[e-mail] (Ryan Rogers)
Subject:Testing NewsReader/2 for OS/2!
Summary:A short little test
Sender:[e-mail] (NNTP News Poster)
Message-ID:<[e-mail]>
Date:Mon, 2 Aug 1993 05:53:40 GMT
Expires: 08/04/93
Distribution: watson
Lines: 6
Reply-To:[e-mail] (Ryan Rogers)
Disclaimer:The poster's views follow, not necessarily IBM's.
Nntp-Posting-Host:danzig.watson.ibm.com
Organization:IBM T.J. Watson Research Center
X-Newsreader:IBM NewsReader/2 v1.00
Followup-To: ibm.watson.test
Keywords: test, USENET, fun

This is a test.
Reading USENET news is fun!

--
Regards,
Ryan Rogers

Notes

 1. NewsReader/2 generates many of these headers for you using the posting
    information you provide. The headers are used for networking purposes and
    are removed by NewsReader/2 before viewing.

 2. Not all news servers are configured the same. Some servers may not use all
    of the above headers, while others may allow more.  Also, the ordering of
    the headers after Xref is insignificant.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.1. Xref Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Xref header contains a list of the newsgroups which also have the same post
(a cross-reference list).  By using this information, news-reading software can
prevent you from viewing the same article twice.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.2. News Groups Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Newsgroup header contains the name(s) of the newsgroup(s) to which the
article was posted.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.3. Path Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Path header contains the path of machine names over which the post
travelled before finally arriving at your news server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.4. From Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The From header contains the e-mail address of the user who created the post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.5. Subject Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Subject header contains the title of the post.  The subject should be short
yet informative.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.6. Summary Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Summary header contains a brief summary of the post's contents.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.7. Sender Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Sender header contains the name or IP address of the news machine that
posted the article to the USENET.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.8. Message-ID Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Message-ID header contains the unique message identification code for that
post.  Every post on the news server has a unique message-ID.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.9. Date Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Date header contains the date of when the news server first received the
post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.10. Expires Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Expires header contains a date indicating when the news server will drop
the post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.11. Distribution Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Distribution header dictates how far across the USENET the post was sent.
Specifying a distribution does not guarantee that the distribution will be
adhered to.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.12. Lines Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Lines header contains the number of lines in the body of the post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.13. Reply-To Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Reply-To header contains the e-mail address that the author of the post
wants people to use when responding.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.14. Disclaimer Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Disclaimer header contains a standard legal disclaimer that may be added by
some news servers if you do not specify one.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.15. Nntp-Posting-Host Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Nntp-Posting-Host header contains the name or IP address of the workstation
from which the post originated.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.16. Organization Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Organization header contains the organization to which the author of the
post belongs.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.17. X-Newsreader Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The X-Newsreader header contains the name and version of the news reader
software used to create the post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.18. Followup-To Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Followup-To header contains the names of the newsgroup(s) to post to when
doing a follow-up post. Specifying this field will force users who reply to
your articles to follow-up to the group(s) you specify.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4.1.19. Keywords Header ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Keywords header contains relevant keywords that the author may have
included with this post.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> accelerator key ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A key or combination of keys that invokes an application-defined function.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> action bar ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The highlighted area at the top of a panel that contains the choices currently
available in the application program that a user is running.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> address ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The unique code assigned to each device or workstation connected to a network.
A standard internet address (or IP address) is a 32-bit address field. This
field contains two parts. The first part is the network address; the second
part is the host number.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> AIX ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Advanced Interactive Executive. The AIX operating system is IBM's
implementation of the UNIX operating system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> ANSI ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

American National Standards Institute. ANSI is an organization consisting of
producers, consumers, and general interest groups that establishes the
procedures by which accredited organizations create and maintain voluntary
industry standards in the United States.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> application ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A collection of software components used to perform specific types of
user-oriented work on a computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> argument ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Any value of an independent variable; for example, a search key.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> ASCII ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

American National Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII is the
standard code used for information interchange among data processing systems,
data communication systems, and associated equipment. The ASCII set consists of
control characters and graphic characters.

ASCII is the default file transfer type for FTP, used to transfer files that
contain ASCII text characters.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> attribute ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A characteristic or property of a file, directory, window, or object; for
example, the color of a line, or the length of a data field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> authorization ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The right granted to a user or group of users to communicate with, or to make
use of, a computer system, network, database, or service.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A mechanism on a pointing device, such as a mouse, or an area on the computer
screen, used to request or initiate an action.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> cascaded menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A menu that appears when the arrow to the right of a cascading choice is
selected.  Cascaded menus are used to reduce the length of a menu.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> case-sensitive ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A condition in which entries for a field must conform to a specific lowercase,
uppercase, or mixed-case format in order to be valid.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> click ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To press and release the select button on a mouse without moving the pointer
off the choice.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> client ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A function that requests services from a server and makes them available to the
user.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> clipboard ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An area of memory that temporarily holds data being passed from one program to
another.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> command ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A statement used to request a function of the system.  A command consists of
the command name abbreviation, which identifies the requested function, and its
parameters.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> command prompt ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A displayed symbol that indicates where you enter commands.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> CONFIG.SYS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A file that exists in the root directory and contains statements that set up
the system configuration each time you restart the operating system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> configuration file ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A file that describes the devices, optional features, communications
parameters, and programs installed on a workstation.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> connection ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A communication link from a local device to a shared resource on a server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> default ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A value, attribute, or option that is assumed when none is explicitly
specified.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> dialog box ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A movable window, fixed in size, which provides information that is required by
an application to continue your request.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> directory ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A named grouping of files in a file system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> domain ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In an internet, a part of the naming hierarchy. A domain name consists of a
sequence of names (labels) separated by periods (dots).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> domain name ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A name of a host system in a network.  A domain name consists of a sequence of
names (labels) separated by a periods (dots).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> dotted-decimal notation ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The syntactical representation for a 32-bit integer that consists of four 8-bit
numbers, written in base 10 and separated by periods (dots). It is used to
represent IP addresses.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> drive ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The device used to read and write data on disks or diskettes.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> entry field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A panel element, usually highlighted in some manner and usually with its
boundaries indicated, where users type in information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> File Transfer Protocol (FTP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An application protocol used for transferring files to and from host computers.
FTP requires a user ID and sometimes a password to allow access to files on a
remote host system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> folder ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A container used to organize objects, programs, templates, documents, other
folders, or any combination of these.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> FTP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

File Transfer Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> gateway ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A functional unit that connects a local data network with another network
having different protocols. See also router.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> host ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Any system that has at least one Internet address associated with it.  A host
with multiple network interfaces may have multiple Internet addresses
associated with it.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> interactive ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Pertaining to a program or a system that alternately accepts input and then
responds. An interactive system is conversational, that is, a continuous dialog
exists between user and system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An organization of national standards bodies from various countries established
to promote development of standards to facilitate international exchange of
goods and services, and develop cooperation in intellectual, scientific,
technological, and economic activity.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Internet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A wide area network connecting thousands of disparate networks in industry,
education, government, and research. The Internet network uses TCP/IP as the
standard for transmitting information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> internet address ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The unique 32-bit address identifying each device or workstation in the
Internet.  Also known as IP address. See also address.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> ISO ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

International Organization for Standardization.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> LAN ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Local area network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> local area network (LAN) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A network in which communications usually cover a moderate-sized geographic
area, such as a single office building, warehouse, or campus, and that does not
extend across public rights-of-way.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> mapping ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The process of relating internet (IP) addresses to physical addresses in the
network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> mark ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A method of highlighting text or graphics that you want to perform clipboard
actions on (cut, copy, paste, or delete).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> menu bar ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The highlighted area at the top of the panel that contains the choices
currently available in the application program that a user is running.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> menu item ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An item on a pull-down menu.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> modem (modulator/demodulator) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A device that converts digital data from a computer to an analog signal that
can be transmitted on a telecommunications line, and converts the analog signal
received to data for the computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> mouse ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A device that is used to move a pointer on the screen and select items.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Multiple Virtual Storage (MVS) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The operating system that manages System/370* computers.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> MVS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

See Multiple Virtual Storage.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> name server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A host that provides name resolution for a network. Name servers translate
symbolic names assigned to networks and hosts into the Internet (IP) addresses
used by machines.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> network ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A configuration of data processing devices connected for the purpose of sharing
resources and for information exchange.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> OS/2 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Operating System/2. OS/2 is an IBM licensed program that can be sued as the
operating system for personal computers.  OS/2 can perform multiple tasks at
the same time.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> parameter ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A variable used in conjunction with a command to affect its result.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> parse ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To analyze the operands entered with a command and create a parameter list in
the command processor from the information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> path ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A statement that indicates where a file is stored on a particular drive.  The
path consists of all the directories that must be opened to get to a particular
file.  The directory names are separated by the backslash (\).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> PMANT ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An OS/2 application used to access computers that support 3270 sessions, such
as MVS and VM host computers.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> port ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A 16-bit number used to communicate between TCP and a higher-level protocol or
application.  Some protocols such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and the
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), use the same port number in all TCP/IP
implementations.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Presentation Manager (PM) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A component of OS/2 that provides a complete graphics-based user interface,
with pull-down windows, menu bars, and layered menus.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> protocol ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The set of rules governing the operation of functional units of a communication
system if communication is to take place. Protocols can determine low-level
details of machine-to-machine interfaces, such as the order in which bits from
a byte are sent; they can also determine high-level exchanges between
application programs, such as file transfer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> pull-down menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An extension of the action bar that displays a list of choices available for a
selected menu bar choice.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> push button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A rectangle labeled with text or graphics or both.  Push buttons are used in
windows for actions that occur immediately when the push button is selected.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> remote host ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Any host on a network other than the (local) host you are using.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> remote logon ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To begin a session with a remote host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> router ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A device that connects two or more networks.  A router can send information
from a device on one network to a device on another network by the most
efficient route. See also gateway.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> SENDMAIL ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The OS/2 mail server that uses Simple Mail Transfer Protocol to route mail from
one host to another host on the network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> serial line ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A network medium that is the de facto standard, not an international standard,
commonly used for point-to-point TCP/IP connections. Generally, a serial line
consists of an RS-232 connection into a modem and over a telephone line.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A resource that provides shared services to workstations over a network; for
example, a file server, a print server, a mail server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> socket ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An endpoint for communication between processes or applications.

A pair consisting of TCP port and IP address, or UDP port and IP address.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> subdirectory ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A directory contained within another directory in a file system hierarchy.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> subnet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A networking scheme that divides a single logical network into smaller physical
networks to simplify routing.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> subnet mask ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A bit template that identifies to the TCP/IP protocol code the bits of the host
address that are to be used for routing to specific subnets.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> TCP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Transmission Control Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> TCP/IP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Telnet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Terminal Emulation Protocol, a TCP/IP application protocol for remote
connection service. Telnet allows a user at one site to gain access to a remote
host as if the user's workstation were connected directly to that remote host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> terminal emulator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A program that allows a device such as a microcomputer or personal computer to
operate as if it were a particular type of terminal linked to a processing unit
and to access data.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> time stamp ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The identification of the day and time when a file was created.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> TN3270 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An informally defined protocol for transmitting 3270 data streams over Telnet.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A suite of protocols designed to allow communication between networks
regardless of the communication technologies used in each network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Virtual Machine (VM) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A virtual data processing system that appears to be at the exclusive disposal
of a particular user, but whose functions are accomplished by sharing the
resources of a real data processing system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> VM ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Virtual machine.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An area of the screen with visible boundaries within which information is
displayed.  A window can be smaller than or the same size as the screen.
Windows can appear to overlap on the screen.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> workstation ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Personal computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> working directory ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The directory in which an application program is found. The working directory
becomes the current directory when the application is started.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Trademark ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Trademark of International Business Machines.