Economy (Zambia)
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     Overview:
         The economy has been in decline for more than a decade with falling imports
         and growing foreign debt. Economic difficulties stem from a sustained drop
         in copper production and ineffective economic policies. In 1991 real GDP
         fell by 2%. An annual population growth of more than 3% has brought a
         decline in per capita GDP of 50% over the past decade. A high inflation rate
         has also added to Zambia's economic woes in recent years.
     GDP:
         exchange rate conversion - $4.7 billion, per capita $600; real growth rate
         -2% (1991)
     Inflation rate (consumer prices):
         100% (1991)
     Unemployment rate:
         NA%
     Budget:
         revenues $665 million; expenditures $767 million, including capital
         expenditures of $300 million (1991 est.)
     Exports:
         $1.1 billion (f.o.b., 1991)
       commodities:
         copper, zinc, cobalt, lead, tobacco
       partners:
         EC, Japan, South Africa, US, India
     Imports:
         $1.3 billion (c.i.f., 1991)
       commodities:
         machinery, transportation equipment, foodstuffs, fuels, manufactures
       partners:
         EC, Japan, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, US
     External debt:
         $8 billion (December 1991)
     Industrial production:
         growth rate -2% (1991); accounts for 50% of GDP
     Electricity:
         2,775,000 kW capacity; 12,000 million kWh produced, 1,400 kWh per capita
         (1991)
     Industries:
         copper mining and processing, transport, construction, foodstuffs,
         beverages, chemicals, textiles, and fertilizer
     Agriculture:
         accounts for 17% of GDP and 85% of labor force; crops - corn (food staple),
         sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava;
         cattle, goats, beef, eggs
     Economic aid:
         US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $4.8 billion; Western (non-US)
         countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.8 billion; OPEC
         bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $533
         million
     Currency:
         Zambian kwacha (plural - kwacha); 1 Zambian kwacha (ZK) = 100 ngwee
     Exchange rates:
         Zambian kwacha (ZK) per US$1 - 128.2051 (March 1992), 61.7284 (1991),
         28.9855 (1990), 12.9032 (1989), 8.2237 (1988), 8.8889 (1987)
     Fiscal year:
         calendar year