The world's formost evolutionary paleontologist, George Gaylord Simpson. In his book, "Tempa and Mode in evolution," states that nowhere in the world is there any trace of a fossil that would close the considerable gap between Hyracotheerium, which most evolutionist assume was the first horse, and its supposed ancestral order Condylarthra. He goes on to say: This is true of all thirty-two orders of mammals ....the earliest and most primitive members of every order already have the basic ordinal characters, and in no case is an approximately continuous sequence from one order to another is known. In most cases the break is so sharp and gap so large that the origin of the order is speculative and much disputed. Later on (p.107), Simpson states: This regular absence of transitional forms is not confined to mammals, but is an almost universal phenomenon, as has long been noted by paleontologists. It is true of almost all orders of all classes of animals, both vertibrate and invertibrate. A fortiori, it is also true of the classes, and of the major animal phylia,..