Following are examples of the most common types of configurations. These are guides only as there are as many ways of configuring your network as there are networks to configure, but they may give you a start.
Many of you may have small local area networks at home and want to connect the machines on that network to your local radio LAN. This is the type of configuration I use at home. I arranged to have a suitable block of addresses allocated to me that I could capture in a single route for convenience and I use these on my Ethernet LAN. Your local IP coordinator will assist you in doing this if you want to try it as well. The addresses for the Ethernet LAN form a subset of the radio LAN addresses. The following configuration is the actual one for my linux router on my network at home:
. . . . . .
--- .
| Network /---------\ . Network
| 44.136.8.96/29| | . 44.136.8/24 \ | /
| | Linux | . \|/
| | | . |
| eth0 | Router | . /-----\ /----------\ |
|---------------| |-----| TNC |----| Radio |---/
| 44.136.8.97 | and | . \-----/ \----------/
| | | sl0
| | Server | 44.136.8.5
| | | .
| | | .
| \_________/ .
--- . . . . . .
#!/bin/sh
# /etc/rc.net
# This configuration provides one KISS based AX.25 port and one
# Ethernet device.
echo "/etc/rc.net"
echo " Configuring:"
echo -n " loopback:"
/sbin/ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1
/sbin/route add 127.0.0.1
echo " done."
echo -n " ethernet:"
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 44.136.8.97 netmask 255.255.255.248 \
broadcast 44.136.8.103 up
/sbin/route add 44.136.8.97 eth0
/sbin/route add -net 44.136.8.96 netmask 255.255.255.248 eth0
echo " done."
echo -n " AX.25: "
kissattach -i 44.136.8.5 -m 512 /dev/ttyS1 4800
ifconfig sl0 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 44.136.8.255
route add -host 44.136.8.5 sl0
route add -net 44.136.8.0 window 1024 sl0
echo -n " Netrom: "
nrattach -i 44.136.8.5 netrom
echo " Routing:"
/sbin/route add default gw 44.136.8.68 window 1024 sl0
echo " default route."
echo done.
# end
/etc/ax25/axports
# name callsign speed paclen window description
4800 VK2KTJ-0 4800 256 2 144.800 MHz
/etc/ax25/nrports
# name callsign alias paclen description
netrom VK2KTJ-9 LINUX 235 Linux Switch Port
/etc/ax25/nrbroadcast
# ax25_name min_obs def_qual worst_qual verbose
4800 1 120 10 1
44.136.8.97 for that port too.44.136.8.68 is my local IPIP encapsulated gateway and hence
is where I point my default route.
route add -net 44.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 \
gw 44.136.8.97 window 512 mss 512 eth0
Linux is now very commonly used for TCP/IP encapsulated gateways around the world. The new tunnel driver supports multiple encapsulated routes and makes the older ipip daemon obsolete.
A typical configuration would look similar to the following.
. . . . . .
--- .
| Network /---------\ . Network
| 154.27.3/24 | | . 44.136.16/24 \ | /
| | Linux | . \|/
| | | . |
| eth0 | IPIP | . /-----\ /----------\ |
---|---------------| |-----| TNC |----| Radio |---/
| 154.27.3.20 | Gateway | . \-----/ \----------/
| | | sl0
| | | 44.136.16.1
| | | .
| | | .
| \_________/ .
--- . . . . . .
The configuration files of interest are:
# /etc/rc.net
# This file is a simple configuration that provides one KISS AX.25
# radio port, one Ethernet device, and utilises the kernel tunnel driver
# to perform the IPIP encapsulation/decapsulation
#
echo "/etc/rc.net"
echo " Configuring:"
#
echo -n " loopback:"
/sbin/ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1
/sbin/route add 127.0.0.1
echo " done."
#
echo -n " ethernet:"
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 154.27.3.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 \
broadcast 154.27.3.255 up
/sbin/route add 154.27.3.20 eth0
/sbin/route add -net 154.27.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
echo " done."
#
echo -n " AX.25: "
kissattach -i 44.136.16.1 -m 512 /dev/ttyS1 4800
/sbin/ifconfig sl0 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 44.136.16.255
/sbin/route add -host 44.136.16.1 sl0
/sbin/route add -net 44.136.16.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 window 1024 sl0
#
echo -n " tunnel:"
/sbin/ifconfig tunl0 44.136.16.1 mtu 512 up
#
echo done.
#
echo -n "Routing ... "
source /etc/ipip.routes
echo done.
#
# end.
and:
# /etc/ipip.routes
# This file is generated using the munge script
#
/sbin/route add -net 44.134.8.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 tunl0 gw 134.43.26.1
/sbin/route add -net 44.34.9.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 tunl0 gw 174.84.6.17
/sbin/route add -net 44.13.28.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 tunl0 gw 212.37.126.3
...
...
...
/etc/ax25/axports
# name callsign speed paclen window description
4800 VK2KTJ-0 4800 256 2 144.800 MHz
Some points to note here are:
sl0 and the tunl0 devices have
been configured with the IP address of the radio port. This is done so that
the remote gateway sees the correct address from your gateway in encapsulated
datagrams sent to it.source /etc/ipip.routes
command (assuming you called the file with the routing commands
/etc/ipip.routes) as illustrated. The source file must be in the
NOS route command format.The new tunnel-munge script:
#!/bin/sh
#
# From: Ron Atkinson <n8fow@hamgate.cc.wayne.edu>
#
# This script is basically the 'munge' script written by Bdale N3EUA
# for the IPIP daemon and is modified by Ron Atkinson N8FOW. It's
# purpose is to convert a KA9Q NOS format gateways route file
# (usually called 'encap.txt') into a Linux routing table format
# for the IP tunnel driver.
#
# Usage: Gateway file on stdin, Linux route format file on stdout.
# eg. tunnel-munge < encap.txt > ampr-routes
#
# NOTE: Before you use this script be sure to check or change the
# following items:
#
# 1) Change the 'Local routes' and 'Misc user routes' sections
# to routes that apply to your own area (remove mine please!)
# 2) On the fgrep line be sure to change the IP address to YOUR
# gateway Internet address. Failure to do so will cause serious
# routing loops.
# 3) The default interface name is 'tunl0'. Make sure this is
# correct for your system.
echo "#"
echo "# IP tunnel route table built by $LOGNAME on `date`"
echo "# by tunnel-munge script v960307."
echo "#"
echo "# Local routes"
echo "route add -net 44.xxx.xxx.xxx netmask 255.mmm.mmm.mmm dev sl0"
echo "#"
echo "# Misc user routes"
echo "#"
echo "# remote routes"
fgrep encap | grep "^route" | grep -v " XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX" | \
awk '{
split($3, s, "/")
split(s[1], n,".")
if (n[1] == "") n[1]="0"
if (n[2] == "") n[2]="0"
if (n[3] == "") n[3]="0"
if (n[4] == "") n[4]="0"
if (s[2] == "1") mask="128.0.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "2") mask="192.0.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "3") mask="224.0.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "4") mask="240.0.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "5") mask="248.0.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "6") mask="252.0.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "7") mask="254.0.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "8") mask="255.0.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "9") mask="255.128.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "10") mask="255.192.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "11") mask="255.224.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "12") mask="255.240.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "13") mask="255.248.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "14") mask="255.252.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "15") mask="255.254.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "16") mask="255.255.0.0"
else if (s[2] == "17") mask="255.255.128.0"
else if (s[2] == "18") mask="255.255.192.0"
else if (s[2] == "19") mask="255.255.224.0"
else if (s[2] == "20") mask="255.255.240.0"
else if (s[2] == "21") mask="255.255.248.0"
else if (s[2] == "22") mask="255.255.252.0"
else if (s[2] == "23") mask="255.255.254.0"
else if (s[2] == "24") mask="255.255.255.0"
else if (s[2] == "25") mask="255.255.255.128"
else if (s[2] == "26") mask="255.255.255.192"
else if (s[2] == "27") mask="255.255.255.224"
else if (s[2] == "28") mask="255.255.255.240"
else if (s[2] == "29") mask="255.255.255.248"
else if (s[2] == "30") mask="255.255.255.252"
else if (s[2] == "31") mask="255.255.255.254"
else mask="255.255.255.255"
if (mask == "255.255.255.255")
printf "route add -host %s.%s.%s.%s gw %s dev tunl0\n"\
,n[1],n[2],n[3],n[4],$5
else
printf "route add -net %s.%s.%s.%s gw %s netmask %s dev tunl0\n"\
,n[1],n[2],n[3],n[4],$5,mask
}'
echo "#"
echo "# default the rest of amprnet via mirrorshades.ucsd.edu"
echo "route add -net 44.0.0.0 gw 128.54.16.18 netmask 255.0.0.0 dev tunl0"
echo "#"
echo "# the end"