╠σµΣ≤φα≡εΣφεσ ╤επδα°σφΦσ ε ╦Φ÷σφτΦΦ φα ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√ ßστ ├α≡αφ≥ΦΘ

╫α±≥ⁿ 1 - ╬ß∙Φσ ╧εδεµσφΦ 

╧≡επ≡α∞∞α  Γδ σ≥±  ±εß±≥Γσφφε±≥ⁿ■ ╩ε≡∩ε≡α÷ΦΦ International Business Machines ΦδΦ εΣφεΘ Φτ σσ Σε≈σ≡φΦ⌡ Ωε∞∩αφΦΘ (IBM), δΦßε ∩ε±≥αΓ∙ΦΩα IBM; ∩≡επ≡α∞∞α τα∙Φ∙σφα αΓ≥ε≡±ΩΦ∞ ∩≡αΓε∞ Φ ∩≡σΣε±≥αΓδ σ≥±  ∩ε δΦ÷σφτΦΦ, α φσ ∩≡εΣασ≥± .

╥σ≡∞Φφε∞ "╧≡επ≡α∞∞α" εßετφα≈ασ≥±  Φ±⌡εΣφα  ∩≡επ≡α∞∞α, α ≥αΩµσ Γ±σ σσ ∩εδφ√σ ΦδΦ ≈α±≥Φ≈φ√σ Ωε∩ΦΦ. ╧≡επ≡α∞∞α ±ε±≥εΦ≥ Φτ ≈Φ≥ασ∞√⌡ Ωε∞∩ⁿ■≥σ≡ε∞ Φφ±≥≡≤Ω÷ΦΘ, σσ Ωε∞∩εφσφ≥εΓ, Σαφφ√⌡, α≤ΣΦεΓΦτ≤αδⁿφεπε ±εΣσ≡µΦ∞επε (Φτεß≡αµσφΦΘ, ≥σΩ±≥α, τα∩Φ±σΘ Φ ≡Φ±≤φΩεΓ), α ≥αΩµσ ∩≡ε≈Φ⌡ δΦ÷σφτΦεφφ√⌡ ∞α≥σ≡ΦαδεΓ.

─αφφεσ ╤επδα°σφΦσ ΓΩδ■≈ασ≥ Γ ±σß  ╫α±≥ⁿ 1 - ╬ß∙Φσ ╧εδεµσφΦ  Φ ╫α±≥ⁿ 2 - ╬±εß√σ ╧εδεµσφΦ  Σδ  φσΩε≥ε≡√⌡ ╤≥≡αφ; εφε  Γδ σ≥±  ∩εδφ√∞ ±επδα°σφΦσ∞ ε≥φε±Φ≥σδⁿφε Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦ  ΣαφφεΘ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√ Φ τα∞σφ σ≥ ±εßεΘ Γ±σ ∩≡σΣ√Σ≤∙Φσ ≤±≥φ√σ ΦδΦ ∩Φ±ⁿ∞σφφ√σ ΣεπεΓε≡σφφε±≥Φ ∞σµΣ≤ Γα∞Φ Φ IBM. ╧εδεµσφΦ , ∩≡ΦΓσΣσφφ√σ Γ ╫α±≥Φ 2, ∞επ≤≥ τα∞σφ ≥ⁿ ±εßεΘ ΦδΦ Φτ∞σφ ≥ⁿ ∩εδεµσφΦ , ∩≡ΦΓσΣσφφ√σ Γ ╫α±≥Φ 1.

1. ╦Φ÷σφτΦ 

╚±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦσ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√

IBM ∩≡σΣε±≥αΓδ σ≥ Γα∞ φσΦ±Ωδ■≈Φ≥σδⁿφ≤■ δΦ÷σφτΦ■ φα Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦσ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√.

┬√ ∞εµσ≥σ 1) Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓα≥ⁿ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞≤ Γ ∞α±°≥αßα⌡, ε∩≡σΣσδ σ∞√⌡ ∩≡Φεß≡σ≥σφφ√∞Φ Γα∞Φ ∩≡αΓα∞Φ 2) ±ετΣαΓα≥ⁿ Φ ≤±≥αφαΓδΦΓα≥ⁿ Ωε∩ΦΦ Σδ  ∩εΣΣσ≡µΩΦ αΓ≥ε≡ΦτεΓαφφεπε ≤≡εΓφ  Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦ  ∩≡Φ ≤±δεΓΦΦ, ≈≥ε φα ΩαµΣεΘ ∩εδφεΘ ΦδΦ ≈α±≥Φ≈φεΘ Ωε∩ΦΦ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√ Γ√ Γε±∩≡εΦτΓσΣσ≥σ τα∞σ≈αφΦσ εß αΓ≥ε≡±Ωε∞ ∩≡αΓσ Φ ∩≡ε≈Φσ ε∩Φ±αφΦ  ∩≡αΓ ±εß±≥Γσφφε±≥Φ.

┼±δΦ Γ√ ∩≡Φεß≡σδΦ ²≥≤ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞≤ ΩαΩ εßφεΓδσφΦσ ∩≡επ≡α∞∞√, ≥ε ∩≡Φ ²≥ε∞ Γα°σ ∩≡αΓε φα Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦσ ≥εΘ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√, εßφεΓδσφΦσ Ωε≥ε≡εΘ Γ√ ∩εδ≤≈ΦδΦ, ∩≡σΩ≡α∙ασ≥± .

┬√ εß τ≤σ≥σ±ⁿ ±≥≡επε ±δσΣΦ≥ⁿ τα ≥σ∞, ≈≥εß√ ≥σ, Ω≥ε Φ±∩εδⁿτ≤σ≥ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞≤, ΣσδαδΦ ²≥ε ± Γα°σΘ ±αφΩ÷ΦΦ Φ ∩≡Φ ±εßδ■ΣσφΦΦ ∩εδεµσφΦΘ Σαφφεπε ╤επδα°σφΦ .

╟α∩≡σ∙ασ≥± : 1) Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦσ, Ωε∩Φ≡εΓαφΦσ, ∞εΣΦ⌠ΦΩα÷Φ  Φ ≡α±∩≡ε±≥≡αφσφΦσ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√, Γ√⌡εΣ ∙Φσ τα ≡α∞ΩΦ Σαφφεπε ╤επδα°σφΦ ; 2) εß≡α≥φεσ α±±σ∞ßδΦ≡εΓαφΦσ, εß≡α≥φεσ Ωε∞∩ΦδΦ≡εΓαφΦσ Φ Φφα  ≥≡αφ±δ ÷Φ  ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√, τα Φ±Ωδ■≈σφΦσ∞ ε±εßε επεΓε≡σφφ√⌡ Γ ταΩεφσ ±δ≤≈ασΓ, Ωε≥ε≡√σ φσ ∞επ≤≥ ∩≡ΦΓσ±≥Φ Ω ≡α±≥ε≡µσφΦ■ Σαφφεπε ΣεπεΓε≡α; α ≥αΩµσ 3) ±≤ßδΦ÷σφτΦ≡εΓαφΦσ, ∩≡εΩα≥ Φ ±Σα≈α ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√ Γ α≡σφΣ≤.

╧σ≡σΣα≈α ╧≡αΓ Φ ╬ß τα≥σδⁿ±≥Γ

┬√ ∞εµσ≥σ ∩σ≡σΣα≥ⁿ Σ≡≤πεΘ ±≥ε≡εφσ Γ±σ ∩≡σΣε±≥αΓδσφφ√σ Γα∞ ∩ε δΦ÷σφτΦΦ ∩≡αΓα Φ εß τα≥σδⁿ±≥Γα Γ ±εε≥Γσ≥±≥ΓΦΦ ±ε ╤ΓΦΣσ≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ ε ╧≡αΓα⌡ φα ╧≡επ≡α∞∞≤, ∩σ≡σΣαΓ ²≥εΘ ±≥ε≡εφσ ╤ΓΦΣσ≥σδⁿ±≥Γε ε ╧≡αΓα⌡ ± Ωε∩ΦσΘ Σαφφεπε ╤επδα°σφΦ  Φ Γ±■ ΣεΩ≤∞σφ≥α÷Φ■. ╧≡Φ ∩σ≡σΣα≈σ ∩≡σΣε±≥αΓδσφφ√⌡ Γα∞ ∩ε δΦ÷σφτΦΦ ∩≡αΓ Φ εß τα≥σδⁿ±≥Γ Γα°σ ∩≡αΓε φα Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦσ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√ Γ ±εε≥Γσ≥±≥ΓΦΦ ±ε ╤ΓΦΣσ≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ ε ╧≡αΓα⌡ ∩≡σΩ≡α∙ασ≥± .

2. ╤ΓΦΣσ≥σδⁿ±≥Γε ε ╧≡αΓα⌡

╤ΓΦΣσ≥σδⁿ±≥Γε ε ╧≡αΓα⌡ φα Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦσ ΣαφφεΘ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√  Γδ σ≥±  ∩εΣ≥Γσ≡µΣσφΦσ∞ ταΩεφφε±≥Φ Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦ  Γα∞Φ ²≥εΘ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√, α ≥αΩµσ Γα°Φ⌡ ∩≡αΓ φα ∩εδ≤≈σφΦΦ Φφ⌠ε≡∞α÷ΦΦ ε ÷σφα⌡ φα Γσ≡±ΦΦ ∞εΣσ≡φΦτα÷ΦΦ (σ±δΦ ε ≥αΩεΓ√⌡ ß≤Σσ≥ εß· Γδσφε) Φ ε Γετ∞εµφ√⌡ ±∩σ÷Φαδⁿφ√⌡ ΦδΦ ∩εε∙≡Φ≥σδⁿφ√⌡ ∩≡σΣδεµσφΦ ⌡.

3. ╬∩δα≥α Φ ═αδεπΦ

IBM ≤≈Φ≥√Γασ≥ Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦσ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞√ ∩≡Φ ε∩≡σΣσδσφΦΦ ε∩δα≥√ Φ ≤Ωατ√Γασ≥ ²≥ε Γ ╤ΓΦΣσ≥σδⁿ±≥Γσ ε ╧≡αΓα⌡. ╧δα≥α ε∩≡σΣσδ σ≥±  Φ±⌡εΣ  Φτ ∞α±°≥αßεΓ ±αφΩ÷ΦεφΦ≡εΓαφφεπε Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦ . ┼±δΦ Γ√ ⌡ε≥Φ≥σ ≡α±°Φ≡Φ≥ⁿ ∞α±°≥αß√ Φ±∩εδⁿτεΓαφΦ , ≤ΓσΣε∞Φ≥σ εß ²≥ε∞ IBM ΦδΦ ∩≡εΣαΓ÷α ∩≡εΣ≤Ω÷ΦΦ IBM Φ Γφσ±Φ≥σ ±εε≥Γσ≥±≥Γ≤■∙≤■ ∩δα≥≤. IBM φσ Γετ∞σ∙ασ≥ Φ φσ τα≈Φ≥√Γασ≥ ≤µσ ∩≡Φ≈Φ≥α■∙≤■±  ΦδΦ Γφσ±σφφ≤■ ∩δα≥≤.

┼±δΦ Σδ  ∩≡επ≡α∞∞√, ∩ε±≥αΓδσφφεΘ IBM Γ ±εε≥Γσ≥±≥ΓΦΦ ± Σαφφ√∞ ╤επδα°σφΦσ∞, ≤∩εδφε∞ε≈σφφ√σ ε≡παφ√ ≤±≥αφεΓ ≥ ∩ε°δΦφ√, φαδεπΦ, Γτ√±ΩαφΦ  ΦδΦ ∩δα≥σµΦ, Φ±Ωδ■≈α  ≥σ, ≈≥ε ßατΦ≡≤■≥±  φα ≈Φ±≥ε∞ Σε⌡εΣσ IBM, ≥ε Γ√ εß τ≤σ≥σ±ⁿ ≤∩δα≥Φ≥ⁿ Φ⌡, ΩαΩ ≤Ωαµσ≥ IBM, δΦßε ∩≡σΣ±≥αΓΦ≥ⁿ ΣεΩ≤∞σφ≥√ εß ε±ΓεßεµΣσφΦΦ Γα± ε≥ φΦ⌡.

4. ╬≥Ωατ ε≥ ├α≡αφ≥ΦΘ

╧╨╚ ╤╬┴╦▐─┼═╚╚ ┬╤┼╒ ╙╤╥└═╬┬╦┼══█╒ ╟└╩╬═╬╠ ├└╨└═╥╚╔, ╬╥╩└╟ ╬╥ ╩╬╥╬╨█╒ ═┼ ─╬╧╙╤╩└┼╥╤▀, IBM ═┼ ─└┼╥ ═╚╩└╩╚╒ ├└╨└═╥╚╔ ╚ ═┼ ─┼╦└┼╥ ═╚╩└╩╚╒ ╬├╬┬╬╨╬╩ ╬╥═╬╤╚╥┼╦▄═╬ ╧╨╬├╨└╠╠█ ╚ ┼┼ ╥┼╒═╚╫┼╤╩╬╔ ╧╬──┼╨╞╩╚ (┼╤╦╚ ╥└╩╬┬└▀ ╧╨┼─╬╤╥└┬╦▀┼╥╤▀), ═╚ ▀┬═█╒, ═╚ ╧╨┼─╧╬╦└├└┼╠█╒, ┬╩╦▐╫└▀, ═╬ ═┼ ╬├╨└═╚╫╚┬└▀╤▄ ╥└╩╬┬█╠╚, ├└╨└═╥╚╚ ═└ ╤╬┴╦▐─┼═╚┼ ╩└╩╚╒-╦╚┴╬ ╧╨└┬, └ ╥└╩╞┼ ╧╨┼─╧╬╦└├└┼╠█┼ ├└╨└═╥╚╚ ═└ ╩╬╠╠┼╨╫┼╤╩╬┼ ╚╤╧╬╦▄╟╬┬└═╚┼ ╚╦╚ ╧╨╚├╬─═╬╤╥▄ ─╦▀ ╩└╩╚╒-╦╚┴╬ ╓┼╦┼╔. IBM ═┼ ─└┼╥ ═╚╩└╩╚╒ ├└╨└═╥╚╔ ╬╥═╬╤╚╥┼╦▄═╬ ╤╧╬╤╬┴═╬╤╥╚ ╧╨╬├╨└╠╠█ ╧╨└┬╚╦▄═╬ ╬┴╨└┴└╥█┬└╥▄, ┬█─└┬└╥▄ ╚/╚╦╚ ╧╨╚═╚╠└╥▄ ─└══█┼ ╬ ─└╥└╒, ╬╥═╬╤▀┘╚╒╤▀ ╩ ╧╨╬╠┼╞╙╥╩╙ ╤ 20-├╬ ╧╬ 21-█╔ ┬┼╩.

▌≥ε Φ±Ωδ■≈σφΦσ ≥αΩµσ ≡α±∩≡ε±≥≡αφ σ≥±  φα Γ±σ⌡ ±≤ß∩εΣ≡ Σ≈ΦΩεΓ, ∩ε±≥αΓ∙ΦΩεΓ Φ ≡ατ≡αßε≥≈ΦΩεΓ ∩≡επ≡α∞∞ IBM (εßετφα≈σφφ√⌡ εß∙Φ∞ ≥σ≡∞Φφε∞ "╧ε±≥αΓ∙ΦΩΦ").

╧≡εΦτΓεΣΦ≥σδΦ, ∩ε±≥αΓ∙ΦΩΦ Φ ΦτΣα≥σδΦ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞, φσ ∩≡ΦφαΣδσµα∙Φ⌡ IBM, ∞επ≤≥ ∩≡σΣε±≥αΓδ ≥ⁿ ±ΓεΦ ±εß±≥Γσφφ√σ πα≡αφ≥ΦΦ.

5. ╬π≡αφΦ≈σφΦσ ε≥Γσ≥±≥Γσφφε±≥Φ

═╚ IBM, ═╚ ┼┼ ╧╬╤╥└┬┘╚╩╚ ═┼ ═┼╤╙╥ ╬╥┬┼╥╤╥┬┼══╬╤╥╚ ═╚ ╟└ ╩└╩╚┼ ╧╨▀╠█┼ ╚╦╚ ╩╬╤┬┼══█┼ ╙┴█╥╩╚, ┬╩╦▐╫└▀, ═╬ ═┼ ╬├╨└═╚╫╚┬└▀╤▄ ╥└╩╬┬█╠╚, ╙╧╙┘┼══╙▐ ┬█├╬─╙, ╧╬╥┼╨▐ ┬╦╬╞┼══█╒ ╤╨┼─╤╥┬ ╚ ╦▐┴█┼ ╤╦╙╫└╔═█┼, ╤╧┼╓╚└╦▄═█┼ ╚ ╧╨╬╫╚┼ ╩╬╤┬┼══█┼ ▌╩╬═╬╠╚╫┼╤╩╚┼ ╙┴█╥╩╚, ─└╞┼ ┼╤╦╚ IBM ╧╨┼─╙╧╨┼╞─┼═└ ╬ ┬╬╟╠╬╞═╬╤╥╚ ╥└╩╬┬█╒. ╟└╩╬═╬─└╥┼╦▄╤╥┬╬ ═┼╩╬╥╬╨█╒ ╤╥╨└═ ═┼ ─╬╧╙╤╩└┼╥ ╬╥╩└╟ ╬╥ ╬╥┬┼╥╤╥┬┼══╬╤╥╚ ╚╦╚ ┼┼ ╬├╨└═╚╫┼═╚┼ ┬ ╬╥═╬╪┼═╚╚ ╤╦╙╫└╔═█╒ ╚╦╚ ╩╬╤┬┼══█╒ ╙┴█╥╩╬┬; ┬ ▌╥╬╠ ╤╦╙╫└┼ ┬█╪┼╧╨╚┬┼─┼══█╔ ╬╥╩└╟ ╚╦╚ ╬├╨└═╚╫┼═╚┼ ╠╬╞┼╥ ╩ ┬└╠ ═┼ ╬╥═╬╤╚╥▄╤▀.

6. ╬ß∙Φσ ∩εδεµσφΦ 

┬ Σαφφε∞ ╤επδα°σφΦΦ φΦ≈≥ε φσ ≤∙σ∞δ σ≥ φΦΩαΩΦσ ≤±≥αφεΓδσφφ√σ ταΩεφε∞ ∩≡αΓα ∩ε≥≡σßΦ≥σδσΘ, φα≡≤°σφΦσ ΦδΦ επ≡αφΦ≈σφΦσ Ωε≥ε≡√⌡ ∩ε ΣεπεΓε≡≤ φσ Σε∩≤±Ωασ≥± .

IBM ∞εµσ≥ ∩≡σΩ≡α≥Φ≥ⁿ ΣσΘ±≥ΓΦσ Γα°σΘ δΦ÷σφτΦΦ, σ±δΦ Γα∞ φσ ≤Σα±≥±  ±εßδ■Σα≥ⁿ ∩εδεµσφΦ  Σαφφεπε ╤επδα°σφΦ . ┬ ²≥ε∞ ±δ≤≈ασ Γ√ εß τ≤σ≥σ±ⁿ φσ∞σΣδσφφε ≤φΦ≈≥εµΦ≥ⁿ ╧≡επ≡α∞∞≤ Φ Γ±σ ±Σσδαφφ√σ Γα∞Φ σσ Ωε∩ΦΦ.

┬√ εß τ≤σ≥σ±ⁿ ±εßδ■Σα≥ⁿ Γ±σ ∩≡Φ∞σφΦ∞√σ ταΩεφ√ Φ ∩ε±≥αφεΓδσφΦ . Ωα±α■∙Φσ±  ²Ω±∩ε≡≥α.

═Φ Γ√, φΦ IBM φσ ∞εµσ≥σ Γετß≤ΣΦ≥ⁿ Φ±Ω φα ε±φεΓαφΦΦ Σαφφεπε ╤επδα°σφΦ  ∩ε Φ±≥σ≈σφΦΦ ΣΓ≤⌡ δσ≥ ± ∞ε∞σφ≥α ΓετφΦΩφεΓσφΦ  ∩≡Φ≈Φφ√ Φ±Ωα, τα Φ±Ωδ■≈σφΦσ∞ ε±εßε επεΓε≡σφφ√⌡ ∞σ±≥φ√∞ ταΩεφεΣα≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ ±δ≤≈ασΓ, Ωε≥ε≡√σ φσ ∞επ≤≥ ∩≡ΦΓσ±≥Φ Ω ≡α±≥ε≡µσφΦ■ ΦδΦ επ≡αφΦ≈σφΦ■ ΣεπεΓε≡α.

═Φ Γ√, φΦ IBM φσ φσ±σ≥σ ε≥Γσ≥±≥Γσφφε±≥Φ τα φα≡≤°σφΦσ ΩαΩΦ⌡-δΦßε εß τα≥σδⁿ±≥Γ, Γ√τΓαφφ√⌡ φσ ταΓΦ± ∙Φ∞Φ ε≥ ⌠Φ≡∞√ IBM ∩≡Φ≈Φφα∞Φ.

IBM φσ ∩≡σΣε±≥αΓδ σ≥ φΦ εß±δ≤µΦΓαφΦ , φΦ ≥σ⌡φΦ≈σ±ΩεΘ ∩εΣΣσ≡µΩΦ ∩≡επ≡α∞∞√, σ±δΦ IBM φσ ≤Ωαµσ≥ Φφεσ.

╬≥φε°σφΦ  ∩ε Σαφφε∞≤ ╤επδα°σφΦ■ ≡σπ≤δΦ≡≤■≥±  ταΩεφεΣα≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ ≥εΘ ±≥≡αφ√, Γ Ωε≥ε≡εΘ ß√δα ∩εδ≤≈σφα ╧≡επ≡α∞∞α, τα Φ±Ωδ■≈σφΦσ∞ ±δσΣ≤■∙Φ⌡ ±δ≤≈ασΓ: 1) Γ └Γ±≥≡αδΦΦ Σαφφεσ ╤επδα°σφΦσ ≡σπ≤δΦ≡≤σ≥±  ταΩεφεΣα≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ ╪≥α≥α ΦδΦ ╠σ±≥φε±≥Φ, Γ Ωε≥ε≡εΘ ε±≤∙σ±≥Γδ σ≥±  ±ΣσδΩα; 2) ┬ └δßαφΦΦ, └≡∞σφΦΦ, ┴σδε≡≤±±ΦΦ, ┴εδπα≡ΦΦ, ┴ε±φΦΦ-├σ≡÷σπεΓΦφσ, ├≡≤τΦΦ, ┬σφπ≡ΦΦ, ╩ατα⌡±≥αφσ, ╩Φ≡πΦτΦΦ, ╠εδΣαΓΦΦ, ╧εδⁿ°σ, ╨ε±±ΦΦ, ╨≤∞√φΦΦ, ╤σ≡ßΦΦ-╫σ≡φεπε≡ΦΦ, ╤δεΓα÷ΩεΘ ╨σ±∩≤ßδΦΩσ, ╤δεΓσφΦΦ, ╙Ω≡αΦφσ, ╒ε≡Γα≥ΦΦ, ╫σ°±ΩεΘ ╨σ±∩≤ßδΦΩσ, ß√Γ°σΘ ▐πε±δαΓ±ΩεΘ ╨σ±∩≤ßδΦΩσ ╠αΩσΣεφΦΦ (FYROM) Σαφφεσ ╤επδα°σφΦσ ≡σπ≤δΦ≡≤σ≥±  ταΩεφεΣα≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ └Γ±≥≡ΦΦ; 3) ┬ ╬ß·σΣΦφσφφε∞ ╩ε≡εδσΓ±≥Γσ Γ±σ ±∩ε≡√, ε≥φε± ∙Φσ±  Ω Σαφφε∞≤ ╤επδα°σφΦ■, ≡σπ≤δΦ≡≤■≥±  └φπδΦΘ±ΩΦ∞ ╟αΩεφεΣα≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ Φ ∩εΣ∩αΣα■≥ ∩εΣ Φ±Ωδ■≈Φ≥σδⁿφ≤■ ■≡Φ±ΣΦΩ÷Φ■ └φπδΦΘ±Ωεπε ±≤Σα; 4) Γ ╩αφαΣσ Σαφφεσ ╤επδα°σφΦσ ≡σπ≤δΦ≡≤σ≥±  ταΩεφεΣα≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ ╧≡εΓΦφ÷ΦΦ ╬φ≥α≡Φε; 5) Γ ╤╪└ Φ ╧≤²≡≥ε-╨ΦΩε, α ≥αΩµσ Γ ╩Φ≥αΘ±ΩεΘ ═α≡εΣφεΘ ╨σ±∩≤ßδΦΩσ Σαφφεσ ╤επδα°σφΦσ ≡σπ≤δΦ≡≤σ≥±  ταΩεφεΣα≥σδⁿ±≥Γε∞ °≥α≥α ═ⁿ■-╔ε≡Ω.

╫α±≥ⁿ 2 - ╬±εß√σ ╧εδεµσφΦ  Σδ  ═σΩε≥ε≡√⌡ ╤≥≡αφ

AUSTRALIA:

No Warranty (Section 4):

The following paragraph is added to this Section:

Although IBM specifies that there are no warranties, you may have certain rights under the Trade Practices Act 1974 or other legislation and are only limited to the extent permitted by the applicable legislation.

Limitation of Liability (Section 3):

The following paragraph is added to this Section:

Where IBM is in breach of a condition or warranty implied by the Trade Practices Act 1974, IBM's liability is limited to the repair or replacement of the goods, or the supply of equivalent goods. Where that condition or warranty relates to right to sell, quiet possession or clear title, or the goods are of a kind ordinarily acquired for personal, domestic or household use or consumption, then none of the limitations in this paragraph apply.

DEUTSCHLAND:

GewΣhrleistung (Abschnitt 4):

Folgende AbsΣtze wurden in diesen Abschnitt aufgenommen:

Die GewΣhrleistung fⁿr Programme betrΣgt sechs Monate ab dem Tag der Lieferung.

Wenn ein Programm ohne Spezifikationen geliefert wird, ⁿbernimmt IBM nur die GewΣhrleistung, da▀ die Programminformationen das Programm richtig beschreiben und da▀ das Programm entsprechend der Programminformationen verwendet werden kann.

HaftungsbeschrΣnkung (Abschnitt 5):

Folgende AbsΣtze wurden in diesen Abschnitt aufgenommen:

Die in diesen Nutzungsbedingungen genannten BeschrΣnkungen und Ausschlⁿsse gelten nicht fⁿr SchΣden, die durch IBM vorsΣtzlich oder grob fahrlΣssig herbeigefⁿhrt wurden. IBM haftet fⁿr zugesicherte Eigenschaften. Die Haftungsh÷chstsumme betrΣgt eine Million DM. Die IBM haftet nur bei leicht fahrlΣssiger Verletzung wesentlicher Vertragspflichten.

INDIA:

General (Section 6):

The following replaces the fourth paragraph of this Section:

If no suit or other legal action is brought, within two years after the cause of action arose, in respect of any claim that either party may have against the other, the rights of the concerned party in respect of such claim will be forfeited and the other party will stand released from its obligations in respect of such claim.

IRELAND:

No Warranty (Section 4):

The following paragraph is added to this Section:

Except as expressly provided in these terms and conditions, all statutory conditions, including all warranties implied, but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, all warranties implied by the Sale of Goods Act 1893 or the Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act 1980 are hereby excluded.

ITALIA:

Limitazione di responsabilità (Articolo 5):

Questo articolo viene sostituito dal seguente:

Se non diversamente stabilito da norme inderogabili di legge, IBM non è responsabile di alcun danno che possa insorgere.

NEW ZEALAND:

No Warranty (Section 4):

The following paragraph is added to this Section:

Although IBM specifies that there are no warranties, you may have certain rights under the Consumer Guarantees Act 1993 or other legislation which cannot be excluded or limited. The Consumer Guarantees Act 1993 will not apply in respect of any goods or services which IBM provides, if you require the goods and services for the purposes of a business as defined in that Act.

Limitation of Liability (Section 5):

The following paragraph is added to this Section:

Where Programs are not acquired for the purposes of a business as defined in the Consumer Guarantees Act 1993, the limitations in this Section are subject to the limitations in that Act.

PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA:

Charges (Section 3):

The following paragraph is added to the Section:

All banking charges incurred in the People's Republic of China will be borne by you and those incurred outside the People's Republic of China will be borne by IBM.

╨ε±±Φ 

╬±εß√σ ╧εδεµσφΦ  Σδ  ╤≥≡αφ ε≥±≤≥±≥Γ≤■≥.

UNITED KINGDOM:

Limitation of Liability (Section 5):

The following paragraph is added to this Section at the end of the first paragraph: