Getting Started With Newsgroups


Opening Your Newsgroup Server

To open your newsgroups server:

  1. Open the Messenger window by clicking the Mailbox icon on the component bar, or by choosing Messenger from the Communicator menu.

  2. Open the newsgroups server by double-clicking the control to the left of the server name. <add graphic>

Details

When you open your newsgroup server:

Note: A newsgroup message body is not downloaded until you open it, or unless you select the newsgroup for downloading before going offline.

Troubleshooting

Before you can display the name of your primary newsgroup server, you must first set preferences for that server. If these preferences have yet to be set, the Mail & Newsgroups Wizard, or the Newsgroups Server panel of the Mail & Newsgroup Preferences dialog box comes up automatically. Use the Mail & Newsgroups Wizard or the items on the Newsgroup Servers Preferences panel to set required preferences.

If an invalid newsgroup server name appears for your primary server in the list of servers, provide the correct server name by using the Newsgroup Servers Preferences panel  (choose Preferences from the Edit menu and then select Newsgroup Servers from the Mail & Newsgroups category).

If an invalid newsgroup server name appears for a server that is not your primary server, use the Newsgroup Server Properties dialog box to correct the name of the server.

If you can't access a server using a dial-up connection with auto-connect, check your network software, such as PPP and TCP/IP, and modem settings to see if they're correctly configured to access the server's site. Enable configurations for the server's site, then try opening the server.

See Also

Subscribing to Newsgroups

Setting Newsgroups Server Preferences (with Mail & Discussion Groups Wizard--Windows only)

Changing Newsgroups Server Preferences

Adding a Newsgroups Server to Your List of Servers

Setting Newsgroups Server Properties


Subscribing to Newsgroups

Once you select a newsgroup server, you can join or subscribe to newsgroups available on that server. When you open your newsgroup server, Netscape Messenger automatically updates groups to which you subscribe on that server.

To subscribe to a newsgroup:

  1. First select the newsgroup server icon located in the left pane of the Messenger window. To open the Messenger window, click the Mailbox icon on the component bar or choose Messenger from the Communicator menu.
  2. Choose Subscribe from the File menu.
  3. Use the Subscribe to Newsgroups dialog box to:

See Also

Using the List All Groups panel

Using the Search for Groups panel

Using the List New Groups panel


Using the Subscribe to Newsgroups Dialog Box

Use the items on the Subscribe to Newsgroups Dialog Box dialog box to:

To use the List All Groups panel:


Searching for Newsgroups

Use the items on the Search for a Newsgroup dialog box to find particular newsgroups that deal with subject matter you are interested in. You guide the search by specifying keywords that relate to the subject matter:

  1. At Search for, enter a keyword that represents any part of a newsgroup name.
  2. Click the drop-down list at Server and then choose from the list of available servers. To add a different IMAP or NNTP server from those listed, click the Add Server button.
  3. Click the Search Now button. You see a list of newsgroups that meet your search criteria.
  4. To subscribe to a newsgroup in the list, select it and then click the Subscribe button.
  5. Click OK to add the subscribed groups to your subscription list. To cancel without saving changes to your subscription list, click Cancel.

Listing New Newsgroups

Use items on the List All Newsgroups dialog box to:


Removing a Newsgroup from Your Subscription List

To remove a newsgroup (unsubscribe) from your subscription list:

  1. Open the Messenger window by clicking the Mailbox icon on the component bar, or by choosing Messenger from the Communicator menu.
  2. In your subscription list, locate the entry for the newsgroup you want to remove and click the checkbox on the right side of the entry. The checkbox of a newsgroup removed from your subscription list does not contain a check.

Updating Newsgroups

To open your subscription list and update all subscribed newsgroups:


Managing Your Newsgroups


Changing Newsgroup Properties (Windows only)

Newsgroup properties are:

Set or change newsgroup properties by using the Newsgroup Properties dialog box. To open the Newsgroup Properties dialog box:

  1. From the list of subscribed newsgroups in the Message Center window, select the newsgroup whose properties you want to change.
  2. From the Edit menu of the Message Center window, choose Newsgroup Properties.

Using the Newsgroup General Properties Panel

Use the items on the General panel of the Newsgroup Properties dialog box to:

When when you uncheck the HTML messages checkbox, you cannot post HTML messages to the selected newsgroup nor any groups that contain it. For example, if you uncheck HTML messages for the newsgroup mcom.jellybeans.lime, you cannot post HTML messages to mcom.jellybeans.

Messenger converts to plain text any HTML messages you post to groups that do not accept HTML.


Using the Newsgroup Download Properties Panel

Use the items on the Download panel of the Newsgroup Properties dialog box to:

Details

If you select to use default settings from preferences, Messenger uses settings in the Newsgroup Servers panel of Mail & Newsgroups Preferences.


Using the Newsgroup Disk Space Properties Panel

When you download newsgroups to work offline, your local disk can fill up quickly. Use the items on the Newsgroup Properties Disk Space panel to help you keep disk usage at a manageable level.

When it's time to clean up messages (compact folders)

Click one of the following to specify when newsgroup messages should be deleted.

Click Download Now to download newsgroup messages according to your current settings.

More Disk Space Options

(Windows only) You can save disk space by retaining only message subject lines. Click the More button to display the More Disk Space Options dialog box.  At "Remove message bodies only older than" type the number of days to keep message bodies.

When you remove message bodies, you still retain the message headers that appear in the Message List window. However, you can only retrieve the message when you connect to your newsgroups server and if the message still resides on your newsgroups server.


Posting


Posting Newsgroup Messages

You can contribute to a newsgroup in the following ways:


Posting a New Message

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Posting a Response

To post a response to a newsgroup message and contribute to a discussion (also called a thread):

  1. Ensure the thread you are contributing to or the message you are responding to is open in a Message List or Message window.
  2. Select whether you want to reply by mail to the author of the original message, or whether you want to post your response to a discussion:
  3. Use the Compose window to check the address list, quote the original message text, and compose and send your message.

Details

When you reply or respond to a newsgroup message:

In either case, ensure your reply is correctly addressed. Check the addresses in the address list and delete addresses and names of newsgroups that are not familiar to you. Use the Address Area to add or edit addresses, if you need to.

To include the original message in your reply, click Quote, which is on the new message window toolbar. When you include the original message, it is included as an attachment, so you can see an entry in the attachments area, but you do not see the message in the composition area.

Compose your response in the composition area. If you are composing in HTML, use the Composer application tools.

To send the message, click the Send button on the Composition window toolbar.


Setting Up Newsgroups


Changing Newsgroup Server Preferences

To open the Newsgroup Server preferences panel:

  1. From the Edit menu of any Communicator window, choose Preferences.
  2. In the list on the left side of the Preferences dialog box, open the Mail & Newsgroup list, then click Newsgroup Servers.

Adding a Newsgroup Server

To add a newsgroup server to your selection of groups servers, use the Add Newsgroup Server dialog box. There are two ways to open the Add Newsgroup Server dialog:


Using the Add Newsgroup Server Dialog Box

Use the items on the Add Newsgroup Server dialog box to specify settings for a new newsgroup server.

Server

If you are adding or editing a server name, enter it here.

Port

Enter a port number where your newsgroup server listens for requests. The standard default port number is 119, but this may also vary among sites and services.

Supports encrypted connections (SSL)

Check this if your server can send and receive messages using encryption and certificates (the default port number will change to a secure number established by your host server).

Always use name and password

Check this if you always want to be prompted for your user name and password to add an extra level of security. When you set this option, Messenger requires your user name and password when you first open the selected server.

If you do not know the name of the server, obtain from your system administrator (or help desk) the name as well as the port number of the server.


Changing Newsgroup Server Properties

Newsgroup server properties are:

To change properties associated with a groups server use the Newsgroup Server Properties dialog box. To open the Newsgroup Server Properties dialog box:

  1. From your list of groups servers in your Message Center window, select the newsgroup server whose properties you want to change.
  2. From the Message Center's Edit menu, choose Newsgroup Properties.

Using the Newsgroup Server Properties Dialog Box

Use the items on the Newsgroup Server Properties dialog to view information for the selected server and specify settings for password prompts.

Always ask me for my user name and password

Check this if you always want to be prompted for your user name and password to add an extra level of security. When you set this option, Messenger requires your user name and password when you first open the selected server.

Always ask me for my user name and password when necessary

<need info >


Choosing Items to Read Offline


Preparing to Work Offline

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Work as efficiently offline as when online. When re-connecting to the network, Messenger automatically synchronizes offline changes: file or delete IMAP or POP mail, create folders, and search mail (IMAP or POP).

When exiting, Messenger reminds you to synchronize your mail folders, directories, and newsgroups.


Downloading Flagged or Selected Messages

If you're an IMAP mail user, you can immediately download selected or flagged mail and newsgroup messages.

Note: POP mail users can download newsgroup messages only.

To download flagged messages:

  1. Choose the mail or newsgroup messages you want and "flag" them by clicking the orange flag icon.
  2. From the File menu, choose Synchronize and then select Download Flagged Messages.

To download selected messages:

  1. Highlight the mail or newsgroup messages you want.
  2. From the File menu, choose Synchronize and then select Download Selected Messages.

Downloading Newsgroups for Offline Browsing

Note: placeholder topic


Using the Synchronize Offline Items Dialog Box

In order to read mail and newsgroup messages offline, you must first select them for downloading. Use the items in the Synchronize Offline Items dialog box to indicate the types of messages you want to download: mail messages, newsgroup messages, and directories.

Note: Messenger uses the settings you provided for downloading newsgroup messages in the Download Preferences panel. From the Edit menu, choose Preferences and then select the Offline category. Under Offline, choose Download and check the settings.

Mail and News Items

If you're an IMAP mail user, you can download messages from all three categories: mail, newsgroups, and directories. Check the ones you want. Click the Select button to display the Select Items for Download dialog box, where you can indicate the specific mail folders, newsgroups, and directories to download.

Note: If you're a POP mail user, you can select only newsgroup messages for downloading.

Send Unsent Messages

Check this to have Messenger automatically send messages in your Unsent folder when you go offline, or when you reconnect.

Go offline after synchronization

Check this to switch to offline mode as soon as the synchronization is complete. Click the Synchronize button to begin the process.


Using the Select Items for Download Dialog Box

This dialog box displays your mail folders, subscribed newsgroups, and directories. To pick a folder or newsgroup for downloading, select it by clicking in the Download column to the left of the folder or newsgroup name.

Note: If you are using a POP3 mail server, you can download only newsgroup messages for offline reading.


Sending Unsent Mail

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Setting Preferences


Setting Offline Preferences

If you're using a modem connection, you might want to work offline, and go online only when you need to connect to the network. This can reduce online time and costs.

  1. From the Edit menu, choose Preferences.

  2. Click the Offline category.
  3. Select one of the following:

If you choose Online Work Mode or Offline Work Mode, you can begin or end a network connection by opening the File menu and choosing Go Offline/Go Online. You can also download mail or selected discussion groups, and send messages in your Outbox just before disconnecting or just after connecting to the network. If you choose Ask Me, these choices are presented automatically when you start Communicator.


Download preferences (not available on Unix)

You can download messages--that is, read them offline without maintaining a network connection.

  1. From the Edit menu, choose Preferences.
  2. Click the Offline category; then click Download.
  3. Select one of the following:
  4. To specify which messages to download, click the Select Messages button (Download Items pop-up menu on the Mac OS) and click to highlight the mail folders or discussion groups you want.
  5. Click OK, then click OK again to close Preferences.

Security Status


Introduction to Security Info

Check the security status of your current task by using the Security Info window:

  1. From any Communicator window, click Security Info on the toolbar, which brings up the Security Info window.
  2. In the left frame of the Security Info window, click Security Info. The right frame of the Security Info window displays information about your most recent task.

General Status Information (No Active Status)

The Security Info panel displays the status of a certificate-based task that is currently in progress. Certificate-based tasks are:

Some Security Information panel messages require you to make a decision and provide input, while other panel messages report the success or failure of a task.


Your Current Outgoing Message

The status of your outgoing message can be only one of the following:

In most cases, you probably want your outgoing message to be both encrypted and signed:

You cannot encrypt your message or add your digital signature

You cannot encrypt nor digitally sign messages on any computer but the one to which your certificates were issued. If you are using a computer other than the one you used when you obtained your certificates, you must contact your certificate issuer and obtain a new certificate for the computer you are now using, or use export and import certificate features, which are available through the Security Info window.

You cannot encrypt a message

Check your address list. You cannot encrypt your message to any of your recipients if even one recipient has failed to distribute a valid certificate.

Update recipients' certificates. To update certificates you've collected from others, use the Certificates panel. Under Certificates, click People.

You can also use the Signers panel to update your recipients' certificates. Your recipients may all have valid certificates, but may not have distributed them recently. signers can update all certificates of the types they distribute, and do so upon request.

You cannot add your digital signature

Check your own certificates and update them with their signers. You cannot add your digital signature unless you have a valid certificate.


Your Current Incoming Message

You cannot decrypt a message

You cannot decrypt messages on any computer but the one to which your certificates were issued, unless you export your certificates. If you are using a computer other than the one you used when you obtained your certificates, you must import the certificates you've exported from the original computer.

Update your personal certificate. If you are using the original computer on which your expired certificate was issued, after contacting the certificate issuer, you can regenerate a valid private key and can then decrypt your current messages.


The Encrypted Web Page You Are Loading

Warning about unencrypted files in your disk cache

Warning: Once the Browser Window displays an encrypted page, your disk cache retains an unencrypted copy of the page in an unencrypted form. Anyone having access to your Netscape disk cache can view the contents of the page.

You cannot decrypt and display the page

You cannot decrypt messages on any computer but the one to which your certificates were issued. If you are using a computer other than the one you used when you obtained your certificates, you must contact your certificate issuer and obtain a new certificate for the computer you are now using.

To decrypt your current messages, you must use your original computer, or use certificate export and import features of the Security Info window.

Update your personal certificate. If you are using the original computer on which your expired certificate was issued, after contacting the certificate issuer, you can regenerate a valid private key and can then decrypt the web page.


Passwords


Setting Passwords for Your Certificates

You can set a password that Netscape Communicator requires before enabling access to your collection of certificates.

To set or alter your password:

  1. Open the Security Info Window, from any Communicator window, open the Communicator menu and choose Security Info.
  2. From the Security Info Window, in the table of contents on the left, click Your Password.

You do not have a password for your certificates

Set a password for access to your certificates. This helps to ensure that others using this computer and software installation cannot use your certificates without your knowledge.


Choosing a Good Password

When choosing a password follow these guidelines, which make it difficult for your password to be guessed by a password-cracking program:

You already have a password

The software installation on this computer already has password-protected certificates for your user name. You cannot set a new password, if you do not know your existing password.

If someone set up your account for you, you must obtain your password from that person.

If you forget your password

If you set your own password and have forgotten it, you cannot access your certificates or decrypt your messages. Your certificate issuer cannot provide you a replacement certificate, so you must obtain new certificates. Because you cannot access your certificates without your password, any encrypted messages you saved in your Inbox and other message folder cannot be decrypted.

Suggestions:


Alerts and Warnings


Warning Concerning Forwarding a Decrypted Message

If you attempt to forward a decrypted message without first encrypting it, Messenger reminds you to encrypt it, unless you have explicitly turned off encryption from the composition window.


Warning Concerning Possible Message Tampering

A warning about message tampering comes up only when an incoming message has been altered in some way after it was sent. Alteration of the original message content can be due to corruption due to mishandling or to interception and forgery.

Suggestions:

Return the tampered message to its sender. Contact the sender to let them know you are having problems with encrypted or signed messages they are sending.

Contact your system administrator or help desk to report the incident and to inquire about procedures they may have in place.


Warning Concerning A Document with Encrypted and Unencrypted Parts

A warning about messages with mixed encryption only comes up when you access a document that is encrypted, but contains unencrypted parts. If you do not feel that your system is secure, you may not want to open a document that contains unencrypted parts.


Warning Concerning Failure to Encrypt Message

Suggestions:

Check your address list. You cannot encrypt your message to any of your recipients if even one recipient has failed to distribute a valid certificate.

Update recipients' certificates. To update certificates you've collected from others, use the Certificates panel. Under Certificates, click People.

You can also use the Signers panel to update your recipients' certificates. Your recipients may all have valid certificates, but may not have distributed them recently. signers can update all certificates of the types they distribute, and do so upon request.


Warning about unencrypted files in your disk cache

Warning: Once the Browser Window displays an encrypted page, your disk cache retains an unencrypted copy of the page in an unencrypted form. Anyone having access to your Netscape disk cache can view the contents of the page.


Preferences


About Navigator Security Settings

The following sections detail why you might want to enable warnings from Navigator:

Entering an encrypted site

You need to be aware that the pages you are accessing are encrypted. Because the pages are decrypted without your intervention, you may want notification to remind you that you must clean up or secure downloaded files upon completion of your session.

Leaving an encrypted site

You may want this as a reminder when to remove decrypted files left on your local drive. Web pages are only encrypted during transmission from the web page server to your browser. Files in your cache or file you may have saved to disk are not encrypted.

Viewing a page with an encrypted/unencrypted mix

You may want this as a reminder to consult the Security Info panel, which identifies files encrypted during transmission.

Sending unencrypted information to a site

You may want this as a reminder to help to prevent you from submitting unencrypted forms or information that you may not realize is submitted through email.

Certificate to identify you

This includes your digital signature. If you have multiple certificates of your own, you can choose which you want to send to a web server. Some web sites may only accept certificates from specific signers or certificates exceeding particular grade. If you frequently transact with multiple sites that have conflicting requirements, set Ask Every Time.


About Messenger Security Settings

The following sections detail why you might want to enable warnings from Messenger:

Sending an unencrypted reply

You may not always need to encrypt replies. Because replies often contain contents from the original message, and because it is easy to overlook message decryption, it's advisable to set this option.

Always encrypt mail messages

You can prevent the unfortunate event of overlooking encryption by setting this option. Even though you take the chance that your recipient may not be able to decrypt your message (in the event your recipient neglects to remember a password, import certificates when using a computer infrequently used, or keep certificates updated), the repercussions of neglecting encryption can be much more severe.

Always sign mail messages

Unless attaching your digital signature is causing problems for your recipients, it is highly recommended that you set this option. When you attach your digital signature, it enables your recipients to encrypt replies to you.

Always sign newsgroup messages

Because readers and administrators of Usenet news are often concerned about posting extraneous material, such as adding your certificate when you digitally sign a posting, you may not want to set this option.

Set "Always sign discussion messages" if you post to Intranet newsgroups, such as newsgroups hosted by your site. Signing discussion messages is an effective way to distribute your certificate.

Certificate for your Encrypted Messages

This contains your digital signature. If you own multiple certificates, you can choose which you want to send to recipients when you sign messages. Some recipients may only accept certificates from specific signers or certificates exceeding particular grade. If recipients are not particular concerning which certificate you use when signing messages, you may want to use a certificate having the longest period of validity.

Advanced S/MIME Configuration

Click "Select S/MIME Ciphers" to indicate types of ciphers you prefer a correspondent uses when encrypting and sending a message to you. Your enabled ciphers are included in signed, outgoing messages. However, this does not prevent a correspondent from encrypting a message to you with a type of cipher you have disabled.


Settings for Java Applets

Use the Java Applets panel to view, remove, and edit access privileges for Java applets signed with a certificate issued by the signer listed in the list box.

To use the Java Applets panel:

  1. Select a signer in the list.
  2. Click one of the following buttons:

Setting Java Applet Access Levels

Use the Java Security dialog box to grant or deny the access it describes:

The Java Security dialog box provides information to help you make your decision:

Netscape provides risk level categories High, Medium, and Low as guidelines only. You may have a different opinion about the degree of risk access entails. Be sure to click Details and exactly what types of access are involved and make your own decision.


Using the Java Security Target Details Dialog Box

Use the Java Security Target Details Dialog Box to get detailed information about the kind of access a Java applet or JavaScript script is requesting:

The risk level categories High, Medium, and Low are provided by Netscape as guidelines only. You may have a different opinion about the level of risk this kind of access entails. Be sure to read the description of the access requested and make your own decision.

Netscape's current classification system is based on these categories:


Certificates


About Your Own Certificates

You can obtain your own certificate by contacting a signing authority. You obtain certificates from others by opening a message from them, by accessing their web pages, and by allowing their Java applets access to your computer. To obtain a certificate for yourself, click Get Certificate. When you click Get Certificate Netscape Navigator connects to a signing authority. Through the signing authority, you obtain a certificate and generate keys.

To use your certificate on a computer other than the one you used to obtain the certificate, you must export the certificate. To export a certificate, select it in the certificates list, then click Export.


About Certificates from Others

The People certificates panel lists certificates you've collected from email messages. All the certificates listed in the certificate list were sent to you in email messages. Use this list to verify, view, or delete certificates in the list.

Verifing a certificate is when you ensure it was issued by signing authority the certificate claims. Select the certificate you want to verify, then click Verify.


Certificates Collected from Web Pages

When you connect to a web site offering an encrypted web page, you collect a certificate from the site. This is a list of all the site certificates you've collected.


Certificates Collected from Java Applets

When you accept the use of a signed Java applet, you collect a certificate from the applet requesting access. This is a list of all the certificates you've collected.


About Certificate Signers

This is a list of all the organizations who have issued certificates you've either collected or own. Click on the name of the organization in order to select it. You can then verify all certificates by the selected issuer or obtain more information about the selected issuer.


Cryptographic Modules


About Cryptographic Modules

Cryptographic Modules are loadable pieces of software that provide a function of cryptographic services, such as:


June 19, 1998
Copyright © 1994-1998 Netscape Communications Corporation.