HLP_Contents
Contents

Add locations  to the CLIMEX database.

Climate Change Scenario Dialog Box

Compare Locations Dialog Box

Compare Locations function

Compare Locations Graph Window

Compare Locations Map Options Dialog Box

Compare Locations Map Window

Compare Locations Result Table of Indices

Compare Locations Table Output Options Dialog Box

Compare Years Dialog Box

Compare Years Function

Compare Years Graph Window

Compare Years Indices to Graph Dialog Box

Compare Years Table Output Options Dialog Box

Core Distribution

Creating a New Map

Data File Format Dialog Box

Delete Species Dialog Box

Displaying Information

Ecoclimatic Index (EI)

Edit climate and location data in the CLIMEX database.

Edit Map Legend Dialog Box

Edit Species Parameters Dialog Box

Edit, View and Graph Meteorological Data

Export a Species Dialog Box

Global Options Dialog Box

Graph Indices Dialog Box

Graphs

How to Display Tables

Importance Level

Importing Meteorological data

Irrigation Scenario Dialog Box

Location Meteorological Data Table Options Dialog Box

Map Coordinate Data Files

Map Manager

MapManager Dialog Box

Match Climates Dialog Box

Match Climates Function

Match Climates Map Options Dialog Box

Match Climates Map Output Window

Match Climates Output Graph

Match Climates Table Options Dialog Box

Match Index Results Dialog Box

Match Index Weights Dialog Box

Match Index

Met Manager

Meteorological Data File

MetManager Dialog Box

New Species/Edit Species Dialog Box

Select Greenhouse Scenario Dialog Box

Select Target Locations Dialog Box

Set Area Limits Dialog Box

Set Data Value Ranges Dialog Box

Set Legends Dialog Box

Set Line Style Dialog Box

Set Mask Dialog Box

Set Projection Dialog Box

Tables

Target Location


HLP_GrafNdxBx


HLP_GrafNdxDlg
Graph Indices Dialog Box

View Graph Indices Dialog Box

This dialog box enables the selection of the information to be displayed in the graph. Clicking on the appropriate names with the left mouse button will activate/deactivate the features.

Species:

Select the species response to be graphed if more than one species is being run. Click on the species name required.

Graph Type (Compare Years only):

Choose weekly or annual results.

Indices:

Up to 4 indices can be displayed, together with the rainfall and temperature data.  A tick next to the index name indicates the index is selected. The Ecoclimatic Index can only be graphed in the Compare Years option and only when an Annual graph is displayed.

Select OK to display the graph.


HLP_CGrafOutBx


HLP_CGrafOutWind
Compare Locations Graph Window

View Graph Window

The output from CLIMEX can be graphic, tabular or written to a file.

This window shows a typical graph showing the temperature and rainfall data as well as up to four Indices.

The rainfall histogram is inverted.


HLP_CMapOutBx


HLP_CMapOutputWind
Compare Locations Map Window

View a Compare Locations Map Window

After running the CLIMEX model the information can be displayed as a map or in a table.

To display a map after Compare Locations run;

a) select the Map option from the Results menu in the Compare Locations Dialog Box;

b) click on the Options button to select the information to be displayed in the Compare Locations Map Options Dialog Box or the Compare Locations Table Output Options Dialog Box.

c) choose the indices and, if necessary, the map to be displayed and click on the OK button.

After a Compare Locations run, the default index displayed is the Ecoclimatic Index (EI), but any index can be selected by clicking on the appropriate  name in the Map Options Dialog Box. The  Core Distribution and Number of Generations per year can also be mapped. The Number of Generations option is not available until the end of a run and then only if a value for the minimum number of degree-days required to complete a generation (PDD) has been entered in the species parameter file. Select the Display Map (the map of which the indices are to be displayed) from the list box and choose OK. Now click on the Show button on the Compare Locations dialog box to display the map.

When using the Map display, clicking on a location (shown as a circle or a cross) using the left mouse button will display the Growth and Stress Indices for that location as well as geographical information on the location. Clicking with the right mouse button will display a short menu offering Location Met. Data, Graph and Weekly Table.

Location Met. Data

This displays the CLIMEX meteorological data for the location.

Graph

This displays a graph of up to four indices over a 12 month seasonal cycle at that location.

Weekly Table

This displays a table of weekly values for all indices over a 12 month period at that location.


HLP_UseCompYears
Compare Years Function

Compare Years enables the user to estimate the response of a species to the climate in successive years at a particular location.  To do this the user needs to choose the species and several years of meteorological data on which to base the prediction.  The following instructions describe how to choose the species and data, and how to display the results.

The following is an outline of how to run the "Compare Years" function of CLIMEX.  To predict the long-term response of a species choose Operations|Compare Years from the menu.  This will activate the Compare Years Dialogue Box

The following steps are required to complete a Compare Years run.

Select one or two species from the Species list box  A species can be selected by clicking on the scroll arrow besides the Species list box.  This will display the list of species held in the CLIMEX database.  A species can be selected by double clicking on its name.  Two species can be selected for a single run by using the second species list box.

Select a Location from the Location list box  This list box contains the names of the files in the 'dat' subdirectory included with the CLIMEX distribution.  It contains one example met data file (amberley.dat) to compare the favourableness of different years at the same location.  This file will be displayed in the Location Selection list box and can be selected by clicking on the file name. Select Greenhouse or Irrigation options (if required).  The Greenhouse and Irrigation check boxes activate the corresponding climate change scenario set in the Preferences|Scenarios Menu.  This allows the user to compare the potential distribution of a species under "current" climatic conditions with that using "modified" climatic conditions.  These modified conditions may be caused by irrigation (simulated by the application of additional "rainfall" to the Location Selection data) or the "greenhouse effect" (changes to temperature and rainfall in the Location Selection data).  Once a Greenhouse or Irrigation scenario has been selected in the Scenarios menu it can be activated by clicking on the check box besides either Greenhouse or Irrigation on the dialog boxes.  The letters GH or I will be displayed on maps, tables or graphs using the Greenhouse or Irrigation options.

Run the CLIMEX model by clicking on the Run button.  Note that the Run button can not be activated unless a species (step 1) and a Location (step 2) are selected.

Choose the format for displaying the results (Graph, Table or File) from the Results box.  The user can select any index to be displayed in the Table by clicking on the Options button.  Graphs of weekly indices for any location are available from the Table by clicking on the appropriate location name with the right mouse button.  If File is selected, clicking on the Create button (the Show button changes when the file option is selected) will save the output of the run as a text table which can be imported into other software packages.

Display the graph or table by clicking on the Show button after the model has completed running.

There are two ways to display a graph when a table is on screen.  Clicking with the right mouse button on a location name will activate the graph menu box.  Select which indices are to be graphed (a maximum of four) and choose OK.  Alternatively clicking on an index value with the right mouse button will display a graph of that index over an average year.

When a table is displayed, a summary of the indices relevant to a particular location can be examined by clicking on the required location with the left mouse button.

See Data File Format Dialog Box for advice on specifying the format of meteorological data files for the Compare Years function of CLIMEX.


HLP_UseMatchClims
Match Climates Function

Match Climates allows the user to compare the average climates of different locations.  CLIMEX does this by measuring the similarities in temperature,  total rainfall, rainfall patterns and relative humidity.  The user can select several locations (called Target Locations) and compare their climates with the climate of each location in a Location Selection.  The climatic similarities between each pair of locations is characterized by a Match Index between 0 and 1.  Details of the calculation of the Match Index are given in the CLIMEX User's Guide.  Results can be displayed in the form of maps, tables and graphs or saved as a file.

A Match Climates map will show locations which have a Match Index equal to or higher than a preset value (set in the Preferences|Other dialogue box) as a red circle.  The larger the circle the higher the Match Index.  Locations with a Match Index lower than the preset value will not be shown.

·

·	Select Target Locations from the Target Locations list box.  The user can select up to 5 Target Locations from the CLIMEX database for matching with a given set of locations (the Location Selection).

·	To add a location to the list of Target Locations, click on the Select Targets button, select a location name from the Location list box by double clicking on the required name or by clicking on the name once and choosing the Select button.  The user can scroll through the list by using the scroll arrows or by dragging the scroll box up or down.  Alternatively begin typing the location name in the edit box under the Available locations title and CLIMEX will sort through the list highlighting the first location that starts with the same letters as the partially typed name.

·	To deselect a location name, click on the name in the Selected locations box and click on the Deselect box.

·	When all the required Target Locations have been selected, click on the OK button.  The selected locations will appear in the Target Locations box of the Match Climates dialog box.

·	Select a Location Selection from the Location Selection list box.  The CLIMEX database contains meteorological data for 2493 locations world wide.  When wanting to make a comparison, the user may want to use a subset of this information - a Location Selection.  Several pre-defined location subsets are supplied and displayed in the Location Selection list box.  The user can Select a Location Selection by clicking on a name in the Location Selection list box.  If the Location Selection wanted is not available, the user needs to create a new set using the MetManager module (See Section  9.6).

·	Select Greenhouse or Irrigation options if required.  The Greenhouse and Irrigation check boxes activate the corresponding climate change scenario set in the Preferences|Scenarios Menu. These modified conditions may be caused by irrigation (simulated by the application of additional "rainfall" to the Location Selection data), the "enhanced greenhouse effect" (changes to temperature and rainfall in the Location Selection data) or by variations from the average temperature or moisture patterns (ie a warmer than average winter).

·	Once a Greenhouse or Irrigation scenario has been selected in the Scenarios menu, it can be activated by clicking on the check box besides either Greenhouse or Irrigation on the dialog boxes.  Note that the Greenhouse and Irrigation scenarios may be applied to either the Target Location's data and/or the location in the matching Location Selection.

·	Adjust Match Index Weights if required.  Clicking on the Match Index Weights button opens a Match Index Weights Dialogue Box that allows the user to set the weights.

·	Set Mask (Optional).  Clicking on the Set Mask button opens the Set Mask Dialog Box.  enabling the user to select the months to be used in the comparisons

·	Select Run

·	Choose how to display your results (Map, Table or File) from the Results box.  The user can select any index to be displayed on a Map or Table by clicking on the Options button.  Graphs of weekly indices for any location are available from the Table or Map as indicated in step 9 below.  If choosing File, clicking on the Create button (the Show button changes when the file option is selected) will save the output of the run as a text table which can be imported into other software packages. Display the Map or Table by clicking on the Show button.

For more information on display option see Displaying Information.

If locations in different hemispheres are being compared, CLIMEX shifts the data of the Target Location by 6 months to match that of the Location Selection (ie.  if the Location Selection is Australia and the Target is New York, CLIMEX shifts the Australian met data by 6 months so that the summer in Australia is compared with the summer in New York).  This shift is indicated under all graphs.


HLP_DisplayInfo
Displaying Information

CLIMEX displays the results of a run as Maps, Tables or Graphs;

Compare Locations and Match Climates results can be shown as Maps, Tables or Graphs.

Compare Years results can be shown as Tables or Graphs.

Meteorological data can be displayed in MetManager as Tables or Graphs.

All Maps, Graphs and Tables can be printed.


HLP_Tables
How to Display Tables

To display a Table after a Compare Locations, Compare Years or Match Climates run, select the Table option from the Results menu in the dialogue box.  Click on the Options button to set the information that is to be displayed.  The default setting is for all indices to be displayed.  By clicking on the Deselect All button, the default selection is cancelled allowing the user to select individual values by clicking on the check box beside each name.  Only the values marked with a tick will appear in the table the next time the Show button is selected.

The selected table can be printed by choosing the Print option from the File Menu.


HLP_Graph
Graphs

Graphs can be displayed directly from the Compare Years dialogue box or from screens displaying Maps or Tables in the Compare Locations and Match Climates functions.  To display Graphs from the Compare Years option, select Graphs from the Results box then click on the Options button to select the information to be displayed in the graph.  Up to four indices can be displayed for either weekly or annual results.  Choose the indices to be display then click on the OK button.

Graphs can also be displayed from a map after a Compare Locations or Match Climates run.  To display a Graph when a map is on the screen, click with the right mouse button on the required location (shown as a circle or a cross).  This will display a sub-menu from which the required item can be selected.  Choosing Graph from this menu will activate the Indices to Graph menu.  Up to four indices can be graphed for either weekly or yearly results.  Choose which indices you want to display then click on the OK button.

Graphs can be displayed from a table after a Match Climates run.  Double clicking with the left mouse button on a location name will display a graph for the location for which the data is shown on the current cursor row. If the cursor is within the data area, the data will be compared with the data from the locality to which the block of data refers. If the cursor is outside the data area, then a choice of towns in the current location selection will be given.

To display a graph from a table from Compare Locations, double click a position in the table. This will display the Graph Options Dialog box which enables the selection of the indices to be graphed. Clicking on OK will display the graph of the locality on the row of the current cursor position.

Location Met. Data displays the CLIMEX meteorological database record for the location.

Graph displays a graph of up to four indices over a 12 month seasonal cycle at that location.

Weekly Table displays a table of weekly values for all indices over a 12 month period at that location.

When a map is displayed, a summary of the indices relevant to a particular location can be examined by clicking on the required location with the left mouse button.

The selected graph can be printed by choosing the Print option from the File Menu.


HLP_CMapOptBX


HLP_CMapOptDlg
Compare Locations Map Options Dialog Box

View Compare Locations Map Options Dialog Box

This dialog box enables the selection of the index to be displayed in output maps from a Compare Locations run.

Index to Map

The index to be selected is chosen from this dialog box. The default index is the Ecoclimatic Index.

Legend

Display

 Uncheck this if a legend is not required.

Modify

This button accesses the Edit Map Legend Dialog Box which enables control of the size of the symbols used to indicate the value of the index for each locality.

Display Map

Clicking on the small arrow displays a list of maps that are available and allows selection of one.

The Core Distribution and Number of Generations per year can also be mapped. The Number of Generations option will be grayed out if no value for the the minimum number of degree-days required to complete a generation (PDD) has been entered in the species parameter file.


HLP_CResultBx
Compare Locations Result Table of Indices

Right clicking on a location in a map from a Compare Locations run displays this table which shows the values of the indices for that location.


HLP_CTblOptsBx


HLP_CTblOptDlg
Compare Locations Table Output Options Dialog Box

View Compare Locations Table output Options Dialog Box

If a table output is selected after a Compare Locations run then clicking on 'Options' causes the display of a dialog box which enables the selection of the data to be displayed in the table.

All data are selected by default but the user may deselect all and click on the required parameters.

When the program is being run in yearly mode the location details can also displayed in the table.


HLP_EdMapLegendBx


HLP_EdMapLegendDlg
Edit Map Legend Dialog Box

View Edit Map Legend Dialog Box

When displaying a map in either the Compare Locations or Match Climates functions the legend to the map can be edited if a different set of index values or labels are required..

Current Label Items

 This box lists the values and associated text for the current legend.

Selected Item

This shows the current value and associated text for the highlighted item and enables the editing of them.

To edit a legend item,  it must first be highlighted in the 'Current Label Items' box and then the required index value for the item entered in the 'Value' box of the 'Selected Item' region. The label for the value is entered in the 'Label' box. On moving the highlight the entered values are displayed in the 'Current Legend' box.

Items can be added or deleted using the 'New' and 'Remove' buttons.

The size of the circles in the legend will be proportional to the 'Index Value'.


HLP_MGrafOutput
Match Climates Output Graph

When a map is displayed following a Match Climates run, right clicking on a location enables the option to display a graph of the output data for that location. The graph will compare the climate of the target location with that of the location clicked on. The display shows the comparison of the temperatures, rainfall and humidities.


HLP_MMapOptsBx


HLP_MMapOptDlg
Match Climates Map Options Dialog Box

View Map Options Dialog Box

If a map is selected to display the results of a Match Climates run, clicking on the 'Options' button displays the Map Options dialog box.

Targets to Map

This box lists the targets that have been run. The results from the comparison of the highlighted locality with the target location will be displayed on the map while a table will list all comparisons.

Index to Map

This enables the selection of the index to be used for the comparisons displayed in the map.

Match level

The Match Level is the value of the Match Index, above which results will be displayed as a red circle indicating the degree of match. The default is 0.5.

Display Map

The map to be displayed can be selected from a list of those available.

Legend

Unchecking this option causes the legend to be hidden. The default is to display the legend.

Modify

Clicking on this button displays the Edit Map Legend Dialog Box which will enable the legend to be edited.


HLP_MMapOutput
Match Climates Map Output Window

The map for the Match Climates function displays results of comparisons with the chosen target location as red circles showing the overall climatic similarity of the target location with the location on the map. The bigger the circle the closer the match as shown in the legend.

Right clicking on a location will enable the display either of the meteorological data for the location or a graph showing the meteorological data.

The legends of the map show the Location being used for the comparison, the parameter used for the comparison and an illustration of the scaling of the size of the circles and the value of the parameter.

The map legend can be edited by clicking on the 'Modify' button in the Map Options Dialog Box which will open the Edit Map Legends Dialog Box.

Left clicking on a location displays a table showing the match between that location and the target location.


HLP_MNdxWgtsBx


HLP_MNdxWgtDlg
Match Index Weights Dialog Box

View Match Index Weights Dialog Box

In some Match Climates runs, it may be desirable to emphasize one or more climatic variables (max. temperature, min. temperature, total rainfall, rainfall pattern and relative humidity) relative to others. The Match Index Weights allows softening or elimination of the contribution of any of the match when calculating the Match Index.

The weight values range from 0 - 1 with 0 signifying the variable is not being used in the Match Climates calculations and 1 signifying the full use of the variable value in the calculations.  Default values of 1 are used for all variables except relative humidity.  The relative humidity weight is set to 0 as default to make the calculations compatible with older versions of CLIMEX, which did not have relative humidity included in the Match Index calculations.  Set the desired values and choose OK.  Values of all the components available for the Match Index will be displayed on the map or table but only the selected ones will be used in the calculations.  Weightings set in the Match Climates dialog box will only apply to the current CLIMEX session.  To set default weightings for all future runs, use the Preferences|Match Index Weights menu of CLIMEX.


HLP_MNdxResultBx


HLP_MNdxResultDlg
Match Index Results Dialog Box

View Match Index Results Dialog Box

Left clicking on a location in a Map from the Match Climates displays this box which gives the numerical values of the variables in the Match Index of the location with that of the target location. All the indices as well as the Total Match Index are tabulated.


HLP_MSetMaskBx


HLP_MSetMaskDlg
Set Mask Dialog Box

View Set Mask Dialog Box

Normal Match Climates runs compare a Target Location and a Location Selection for the whole year. The Match Index can also be used to compare seasons.  When comparing some locations the user may only want to compare parts of the year (ie a temperate species may be limited in winter in its home range, but if introduced into a tropical may be able develop throughout the year).  CLIMEX allows the user to mask parts of the year (eg. the winter) so that the Match Index values are calculated by comparing the remaining months of the year for both the Target Location and Location Selection.

 Select the months for the Target Location to compare with the corresponding months (CLIMEX compares seasonally equivalent months when comparing locations in different hemispheres) for the Location Selection.  Months that will be included in the match have a tick shown in the box to the left of the month name.  When a Masked run is performed, the months being compared are listed on the table results.The dialog box is accessed from the main Match Climates Dialog Box by clicking on the 'Set' button in the Target Mask section.


HLP_MTblOptBx


HLP_MTblOptDlg
Match Climates Table Options Dialog Box

View Table Options Dialog Box

This dialog box is displayed in response to clicking on the 'Options' button in the Match Climates function when a table is selected.

It enables the selection of the parameters to be displayed in the table at the end of the run. Clicking on any parameter selects/deselects the index for that parameter.

Select All

Selects all the parameters for display in the table. This is the default setting.

Deselect All

Unchecks all parameters and allows the required parameters to be checked.


HLP_YDatFileBx


HLP_YDatFileDlg
Data File Format Dialog Box

View Data File Format Dialog Box

This dialog box allows the definition of the format of the meteorological data that is to be used in a Compare Years run. As there is a wide variety of formats for listing and describing meteorological data, CLIMEX requires that columns containing each climatic variable be specified.  The meteorological data should be saved as a text file with a .dat extension to allow CLIMEX to recognize the file. The example file provided with CLIMEX, amberley.dat, can be found in the c:\CXWin\dat directory if the default directories were selected at installation. This file can be used as a template for data design.

Header:

This is the number of lines (rows) above the meteorological data so CLIMEX knows where to start reading information. Often this consists of one line with the location name and geographic location.

Time-base.

CLIMEX will read in monthly or daily meteorological data. Check the time-base associated with your data.

Units

Check either Metric or Imperial as appropriate.

Relative Humidity or Evaporation

CLIMEX will accept either relative humidity or evaporation data. Check whichever is appropriate.

File

This box displays a portion of the meteorological data file.  Firstly select one of the variables (ie Month) in the Variables box underneath the File display. Using the mouse, hold the left mouse button down and drag across the two columns that contain the month data. Click on the next variable (ie year) and again drag the mouse across the columns holding the year information. Repeat this process for all variables, making sure each column contains all the information for that variable. This process can alternatively be carried out by selecting the Variable name and entering the Starting column number and width in the data boxes next to the variable menu.

Location Details

Name

Enter the name of the location to which the data refers.

Latitude

Enter the latitude of the location. Latitudes north of the equator are positive and those south of the equator are negative.

CLIMEX will display a message if there are any errors in the column definition. If this occurs select the file again and check the definitions.


HLP_YGrafNdxBx


HLP_YGrafNdxDlg
Compare Years Indices to Graph Options Dialog Box

View Indices to Graph Options Dialog Box

This dialog box enables the selection of the information to be displayed on a Compare Years output graph. A tick against the parameter indicates that it will be displayed in the graph.

Species:

If more than one species is being run select the species to graph.

Graph Type

Choose whether weekly or annual results are required.

Indices:

Up to 4 indices can be selected for display. A tick next to the index name indicates the index is selected. The Ecoclimatic Index can only be graphed when an Annual graph is being displayed.


HLP_YGrafOutptWind
Compare Years Graph Window

The graph for the Compare Years function displays the meteorological data together with a graph of up to four selected indices.

The indices to be graphed are selected the first time that the 'Show' button is selected in the Compare Years Dialog Box. The indices can be changed at any time by clicking on the 'Options' button in this dialog box.


HLP_MSelTargBx


HLP_MSelTargDlg
Select Target Locations Dialog Box

View Select Target Locations Dialog Box

Using the Match Climates function of CLIMEX up to 5 Target Locations can be selected from the CLIMEX database for matching with a given set of locations (the Location Selection).

To choose these locations, click on the Select Targets button, select a location name from the Location list box by double clicking on the required name or by clicking on the name once and choosing the Select button. You can scroll through the list by using the scroll arrows or by dragging the scroll box up or down. Alternatively, beginning to type the location name in the edit box under the 'Available locations' title will cause CLIMEX will sort through the list with each letter typed.

The details of the country etc., of the highlighted location is displayed at the bottom of the dialog box.

To deselect a location name, click on the name in the Selected locations box and click on the Deselect box.

Once all the locations have been selected click on the 'OK' button. The selected locations will appear in the Target Locations box of the Match Climates dialog box.


HLP_EdSppParamDlg
Edit Species Parameters Dialog Box

View Edit Species Dialog Box

This dialog box is displayed when the item 'Species/Edit Parameters' is selected from the main CLIMEX menu and a species is selected for editing from the list of available species. It enables the editing of the parameters of an existing species parameter set.

When changing parameters care must be taken to change the upper and/or lower limit parameters before changing a parameter to a value outside these limits,

A graphical display is shown for each Parameter Set indicating how each parameter is applied.

For a definition of the parameters used, click on the relevant panel in the dialog box.

Parameter Set

Select the required Parameter Set from the Parameter Set list box by clicking on the list box arrow and choosing the appropriate Parameter Set.

Parameters

Highlighting a parameter (ie DV0, SM1,etc.) causes the corresponding parameter value is displayed in the 'Value' box where it can be edited.

Param List

Parameters can also be displayed (but not edited) by clicking on the 'Param List>>' button which opens the parameter display screen. All parameters are displayed in this list.

Interactions

Clicking on the 'Interactions>>' button expands this list to include the stress interaction parameters.

Comment

Comments can be added to the parameter files by selecting this button. Such information as the quality of data, references, parameters which need additional work etc can be easily added to the file for future reference.

Output Text File

Selecting this button enables the saving of the parameter information to a text file.

Save Species

An edited species parameter file can be saved to the species file by selecting this button.


HLP_EdParamBx
For help on an item click on the relevant panel.

Click on 'Back' (above) to return to the Help text.


HLP_NewSppBx


HLP_NewSppDlg
New Species/Edit Species Dialog Box

View New Species/Edit Species Dialog Box

The most convenient method of adding a new species parameter set is to copy a set of parameters from a species with a similar distribution or climatic requirements. Selecting New Species from the main CLIMEX menu displays the New Species Dialog Box. To create a new species parameter set, type the name of the new species (common and/or scientific) into the edit box and choose a species from which to copy the parameters. Species Templates have been provided to assist this process. Select OK to activate the Edit Species Parameters Dialog Box. The screen will display the new species name and the copied species parameters.


HLP_DelSppDlg
Delete Species Dialog Box

View Delete Species Dialog Box

The Delete Species Dialog Box which is displayed in response to selecting the 'Species/Delete' option from the Main Menu of CLIMEX enables the deleting of a species parameter set from the CLIMEX program. Select the name of the species to be deleted using the left mouse button and choose OK. The species has now been deleted from the CLIMEX parameter file.


HLP_DelSppBx


HLP_ExportSppDlg
Export a Species Dialog Box

View Export a Species Dialog Box

The Export a Species Dialog Box, which is displayed in response to selecting the 'Species|Export' option from the Main Menu of CLIMEX, enables the exporting of a species parameter set from the CLIMEX program. Select the name of the species to be exported using the left mouse button and choose OK. This will activate a file management screen which will require the name and path for the export file.


HLP_ExportSppBx


HLP_SelGrnHseDlg
Select Greenhouse Scenario Dialog Box

View Select Greenhouse Scenario Dialog Box

The Greenhouse Scenario function enables the meteorological database to be temporarily altered by changing average temperature and rainfall data in a Location Selection.

This dialog box is displayed in response to selecting the 'Preferences|Scenarios|Greenhouse' option from the main menu of CLIMEX.

It enables the editing of an existing greenhouse scenario or the creation or selection of a scenario.

Edit

Selection of this option enables the editing of the highlighted scenario.

New

This leads to the creation of a new greenhouse scenario.

Delete

Selection of this deletes the highlighted scenario.


HLP_SelGrnHseBx


HLP_ClimChngScenDlg
Climate Change Scenario Dialog Box

View Climate Change Scenario Dialog Box

The Greenhouse edit box allows the temporary varying of the CLIMEX database in several ways. Maximum and minimum temperatures under a greenhouse scenario can be altered as an overall temperature change and/or as a change in temperature per degree latitude. Rainfall can also be altered as a change in percentage winter and summer rainfall and/or as a change in rainfall per degree of latitude. CLIMEX has some example scenarios included in the program.

Equatorial Margin Latitude

Climatic changes in the equatorial region can be defined. This option is limited to changing the maximum and minimum temperatures and the rainfall. The equatorial zone can be defined in the Equatorial Margin Latitude (EML) which applies the equatorial variations in a range equal to the EML either side of the equator. Values can be positive (an increase in temperature or rainfall) or negative (a decrease in temperature or rainfall).

When the required values have been entered or changed the file can be saved (the file must be given a name) by selecting OK. This scenario is implemented by ticking the Greenhouse tick box on the main function dialog boxes.


HLP_ClimChngScenBx


HLP_IrrigScenDlg
Irrigation Scenario Dialog Box

View Irrigation Scenario Dialog Box

This dialog box is accessed from the 'Preferences|Scenarios|Irrigation' option in the main menu of CLIMEX.

This function enables the setting of default values for the Irrigation option used in Compare Locations, Compare Years and Match Climates. The meteorological database can be altered temporarily by adding to the average weekly rainfall totals in a Location Selection in summer and/or winter. This is done by entering a value for the amount of irrigation (mm/week) which should be added to the database. To implement this change in a run simply tick the Irrigation box found on each dialog box.


HLP_IrrigScenBx


HLP_GlobOptDlg
Global Options Dialog Box

View Global Options Dialog Box

This dialog box is accessed from the main CLIMEX menu by selecting 'Preferences|Others' and enables the setting of several features. Clicking on the appropriate name will activate (a tick or black dot will appear beside the name) or deactivate (a blank square or circle will be displayed) the option.

 Beep at End of Run

CLIMEX "beeps" at the end of a run to let you know it is finished. CLIMEX uses the default beep Windows setting which is set in the Main|Control Panel|Sounds dialog box of the Windows Program Manager.

Close with Control Dialog

Closes all maps, tables and graphs associated with a dialog box if you close the dialog box. If this box is not selected the maps, tables and graphs will remain on screen after the dialog box has been closed. Once the dialog box is closed no additional data can be accessed from the maps or tables (ie parameter and location details, graphs etc.).

Introductory Dialogs

Activates or deactivates the introductory dialog boxes which appear on starting CLIMEX and at the beginning of major functions. These boxes give a brief description of how to start using the function. Once you are more familiar with the program you will not need this information and may like to stop these dialog displays.

Species Edit Dialog

This determines a default setting for the display of parameters in the Species Edit dialog box. This edit dialog box can expand to three different levels when displaying species parameters. You may want all or only some of this information to be displayed every time you open the Species Edit dialog box.

None

Limits the default display to the minimum dialog box. This can be easily expanded at any time from the dialog box. Parameter values are displayed by selecting the appropriate parameter group. Parameters can be edited and saved.

Brief

This expands the default display to include a list of all primary parameters.

Full

The complete parameter list including the stress interaction parameters.

Match Climates Map Dialog

This sets the default value for the Match Level used in the Match Climates Dialog Box. The Level varies from 0 - 1. A value of 0.6 is considered a good starting value. The Map will show all locations with a Match Index higher than this level.

Match Climates Table

Match Number sets the maximum number of locations which will be displayed in a Match Climates table. Locations will be selected in order of highest Match Index.

Soil Moisture Parameters

This specifies the default values for the calculation of soil moisture.

Humidity Ratio

Sets the ratio used by CLIMEX to calculate the 3pm Relative Humidity from the 9am Relative Humidity when the former is not given in the meteorological data.

Met. Data File

Shows the name and path of the meteorological data file currently in use. This can be changed by selecting Preferences|Meteorological Data File from the Main Menu of CLIMEX.

Parameter File

This shows the name of the parameter file currently used by CLIMEX.


HLP_GlobOptBx


HLP_UseCompLoc
Using the Compare Locations function

Input and Output requirements and options for the Compare Locations function

The following is a brief outline of how to run the Compare Locations function of CLIMEX. A detailed description of each step is available by clicking the highlighted phrases below.  To predict the potential geographic distribution of a species choose Operations|Compare Locations from the menu.  This will activate the Compare Locations Dialog Box.

To run the Compare Locations;

1.  Select a Species (or two species) from the Species list box (Compare Locations will not run unless a species is selected).

2.  Select a Location Selection from the Location Selection list box (Compare Locations will not run unless a Location Selection is selected). If the Location Selection you want is not available you can create a new set using MetManager.

3.  Select Greenhouse or Irrigation options if required (Optional). A tick in either box indicates that the corresponding option is turned on.  The Greenhouse or Irrigation scenario used when the option is turned on can be set in the Preferences|Scenarios menu.

4. Run the CLIMEX model by clicking on the Run button.

5. Choose how the results are to be displayed (Map, Table or File) from the Results box. You can select any index to be displayed in the Map or Table output by clicking on the  Options button. Graphs of weekly indices for any location are available from the Table or Map as indicated in step 7 below.  If you choose File, clicking on the Create button (the Show button changes when the file option is selected) will save the output of the run as a text table which can be imported into other software packages.

6. Display the Map or Table by clicking on the Show button after the model has completed running.

7. To display a Graph, weekly table or the location meteorological data when a map is on the screen, click with the right mouse button on the required location (shown as a circle or a cross).  This will display a sub-menu from which the required item can be selected.

There are two ways to display a graph when a table is displayed.   Double clicking on an index value with the left mouse button will display a graph of that index over an average year. Alternatively, double clicking with the left mouse button on a location name, Rainfall, Day Degrees or EI value will activate the graph menu box.

Location Met. Data

Displays the CLIMEX meteorological database record for the location.

Graph

Displays a graph of up to four indices over a 12 month seasonal cycle at that location. Select which indices are to be graphed (a maximum of four) and 	choose OK.

Weekly Table

Displays a table of weekly values for all indices over a 12 month period at that location.

8. When a map is displayed, a summary of the indices relevant to a particular location can be examined by clicking on the required location with the left mouse button


HLP_UseCompareYears
Using the Compare Years Function

The following is a brief outline of how to run the "Compare Years" function of CLIMEX. A detailed description of each step is available by clicking the highlighted phrases. To predict the potential geographic distribution of a species in various years choose Operations|Compare Years from the menu. This will activate the Compare Years dialog box.

1.  Select a species (or two species) from the Species list box (Compare Years will not run unless a species is selected).

2.  Select a Location Selection from the Location list box (Compare Years will not run unless a location is selected). The CLIMEX database contains one example meteorological data file to compare the favourableness of different years at the same location. This file will be displayed in the Location Selection list box and can be selected by clicking on the file name.

3.  Select Greenhouse or Irrigation options if required. A tick in either box indicates that the corresponding option is turned on. The Greenhouse or Irrigation scenario used when the option is turned on can be set in the Preferences|Scenarios menu.

4. Run the CLIMEX model by clicking on the Run button.

5. Choose the format you want to use to display your results (Graph,Table or File) from the Results box. Any index can be displayed in the Table by clicking on the Options button. If File is choosen, clicking on the Create button (the Show button changes when the file option is selected) will save the output of the run as a text table which can be imported into other software packages.

6. Display the Graph or Table by clicking on the Show button after the model has completed running.


HLP_CompLocsBx


HLP_CCompLocsDlg
Compare Locations Dialog Box

View Compare Locations Dialog Box

This is the main dialog box for the Compare Locations function of CLIMEX. It facilitates the selection of species, locations and options for presentation of the results from the run.

For an overview of the Compare Locations function see Using Compare Locations.

Species

One or two species must be selected before the run can be commenced.

Location Selection

A location selection must be selected from the list. If the required location selection is not listed a new location selection composed of a subset of the locations available in CLIMEX can be added using the MetManager function.

Greenhouse

Check this option if a climate change scenario is required. This scenario can either be selected from those available in the Preferences|Scenarios|Greenhouse option in the main menu or, if required, a new scenario can be created, or an existing scenario edited by choosing the relevant option.

Irrigation

Check this option if an irrigation  effect is required. The irrigation scenario must be defined in the Preferences|Scenarios|Irrigation option in the main menu.

Results

Select the type of output required

Options

Selection of this button provides access to either the Map Options Dialog Box or the Table Options Dialog Box. This enables the selection of the output parameters.

Run

Selecting this button causes the run to commence if the necessary options have been set.


HLP_YCompYrsBx


HLP_YCompYrsDlg
Compare Years Dialog Box

View Compare Years Dialog Box

This is the main dialog box for the Compare Years function of CLIMEX. It facilitates the selection of species, locations and output options for the run.

Species

One or two species must be selected before the run can be commenced.

Location

A location must be selected from the list. If the required location is not listed then new locations for which meteorological data is available can be added using the MetManager function.

Greenhouse

Check this option if a climate change scenario is required. The greenhouse scenario must be selected from those available in the Preferences|Scenarios|Greenhouse option in the main menu. If the required scenario is not available then it can be created, or an existing scenario edited by choosing the relevant option.

Irrigation

Check this option if an irrigation  effect is required. The irrigation scenario must be detailed in the Preferences|Scenarios|Irrigation option in the main menu.

Results

Select the type of output required

Options

Selection of this button provides access to either the Graph Options Dialog Box or the Table Options Dialog Box. This enables the selection of the output parameters.

 Run

Selecting this causes the run to commence if the necessary options have been set.

 Show

After the program has been run, selecting this button causes the results to be displayed.


HLP_YTblOptBx


HLP_YTblOptDlg
Compare Years Table Output Options Dialog Box

View Compare Years Table Output Options Dialog Box

If a table output is selected after a Compare Years run then clicking on 'Options' causes the display of a dialog box which enables the selection of the data to be displayed in the table.

All data is selected by default but the user may change this by deselecting all and clicking on the required parameters.

Table Type

Choose either yearly or weekly depending on the type of meteorological data in the data file.


HLP_CoreDist
Core Distribution

The Core Distribution can be mapped as an output in the Compare Locations function.

The Core Distribution is the inverse of the combined stresses at a location.

Core Distribution  = (100 - CS)(100 - HS)(100 - DS)(100 - WS)

If the combined stress indices are > 100, Core Distribution = 0.


HLP_TargLocs
Target Location

With the Match Climates function it is possible to compare up to 5 different locations throughout the world with the locations in the selected map region.

These 5 locations are known as the Target Locations.


HLP_EI
Ecoclimatic Index (EI)

The Ecoclimatic Index (EI) integrates the Annual Growth Index, GIA, which describes the potential for population growth, with the annual stresses that limit survival during the unfavourable season.  As few climates are 100% suitable throughout the year, the value of GIA rarely reaches its potential, thereby limiting the maximum value of EI.  The EI thus gives an overall measure of the potential of a given location to support a permanent population (Sutherst, Maywald and Skarratt 1995).  The index was designed to provide simple, concise information in a form that is readily interpretable by non-scientists, such as policy makers.

The EI is scaled between 0 and 100, with an EI close to 0 indicating that the location is not favourable for the long-term survival of the species.  An EI of more than 30 represents a very favourable climate for a species.

For a more detailed discussion on Ecoclimatic Index see the CLIMEX User's Guide.


HLP_MatchNdx
Match Index

The Match Climates function in CLIMEX is used to search the long-term meteorological database for locations with climates similar to that of a Target Location.  The level of similarity is given by the ‘Total Match Index’ which is the product of five component indices, Maximum Temperature, Minimum Temperature, Rainfall Amount, Rainfall Pattern and Relative Humidity.  Each of these indices can range between 0 and 1, with a value of 1 indicating an exact match with the target location.  All indices except relative humidity are used by default and can be weighted individually (using Match Index Weights) to put emphasis on the more important variables.  The default weight-setting is 1.0 for each variable, except for Relative Humidity which has a default value of zero. This is to make the current version of CLIMEX compatible with earlier versions which  did not use Relative Humidity.

Match Climates enables the user to compare the climates of several target locations with a Location Selection such as a country or continent during a single run.  It produces a Match Index, scaled between 0 and 1 (usually expressed as a percentage), that indicates the similarities in climates.  Results can be displayed as a map, a table, or as graphs.  When maps are created, they show the level of match as circles proportional to the value of the Match Index.  The calculations used to derive the Match Index are given in  the CLIMEX Users Guide.  Only locations with a Match Index equal to or higher than the level set by the user in Options|Match Level are displayed in the resultant maps and tables.  The default Match Level is set at 0.5, so that locations with a match of 0.5 or greater are displayed in the maps.  If locations from different hemispheres are compared, CLIMEX automatically displaces the data from the Southern Hemisphere location by six months.

Although the Total Match Index is usually used to compare localities, the comparison can be based on individual match indices such as the Maximum Temperature Match Index by selecting the index in the Match Climates Map Options Dialog Box.


HLP_MMatClimBx


HLP_MMatClimDlg
Match Climates Dialog Box

View Match Climate Dialog Box

This is the main dialog box for the Match Climates function of CLIMEX.

For an overview of the Match Climates function of CLIMEX see Using Match Climates.

 Run Settings

Target Locations

Select the Target Locations to be compared with the Location Selection.

Greenhouse

Check this option if a Greenhouse Scenario is to be used for this run.

Irrigation

Check this option of an Irrigation Scenario is to be used for this run.

Matching Location Selection

The region with which the Target Locations are to be matched is selected from the list. New selections can be created in the MetManager.

Match Index Weights

Clicking on this opens the Match Index Weights Dialog Box which enables the setting of any weighting required during the run.

Target Mask

Set

Clicking on this opens the Set Mask Dialog Box which enables the masking out of any months that are not relevant to the matching process.

Results

Map

Table

File

Select the required output format.

Options

Clicking on this accesses either the Map Options Dialog Box or the Table Options Dialog Box so that the output parameters can be selected.

Show

Clicking on this after a run causes the display of the output from the run.


HLP_UseMetMan
MetManager

 MetManager enables the addition of new meteorological and location data to the CLIMEX database as well as the editing of the existing data in order to update or correct it.

For information on using the MetManager click on the relevant section below:

·	Define a subset of the meteorological data (a Location Selection) for use in CLIMEX runs.

·	Add locations  to the CLIMEX database.

·	Edit climate and location data in the CLIMEX database.


HLP_MtMImportDat
Importing Meteorological data

Meteorological data can be imported into the CLIMEX database using this feature. Data can be imported from older versions of CLIMEX  where data is stored in two files with .met and .loc extensions. The first steps in importing data are to make up .MET and .LOC files. These are Ascii files containing the meteorological data (.MET) and the location data (.LOC) such as the latitude, the longitude, the elevation etc. These files must be in a specific format. The simplest way to make the files is to make a short selection of a few locations in the MetManager and export it with the 'Export' function. This will make a .MET and a .LOC file which can be used as templates to format the new data. The files must be saved as text (Ascii) files and not in word processor format.

The new data will be incorporated into the current meteorological data (.BMT) file in binary format. After importing the data the .MET and .LOC files are not used by CLIMEX. If the data to be imported is to be kept in a separate .bmt file then a new .bmt file can be made using the 'Change File' option in the MetManager. If a new file name is given then a new .bmt file of that name will be created. This new file will not be used by CLIMEX until the new file is given in the 'Preference/Meteorological Data File' option in the main menu of CLIMEX.

To import the new data, click on the Import Data button on the MetManager Dialog Box. CLIMEX will ask you if any existing data is to be replaced by the imported data. This is to protect the original database. If Yes is selected and there are locations in the new data which are already in the CLIMEX database, the new data will replace the original data. If No is selected then the original data will be protected and any duplicate locations will not be imported.

Next, the location (.LOC) file and the .MET file  should be selected.

CLIMEX will then import the new data into the database.

CLIMEX allows the setting of upper and lower boundaries when importing data to allow the checking of entries as they are imported. This is accomplished using the Set ranges for data values option in the MetManager Dialog Box.

For more information on importing climatic data see the appendix of the CLIMEX User's Guide.


HLP_MtMEdMetDataDlg
Edit, View and Graph Meteorological Data

View Edit, View and Graph Meteorological Data

This dialog box enables the meteorological data for locations within the Location Selection currently loaded to be viewed and edited. Any changes will be saved in the global database file, Metdata.bmt.

The box displays all the climatic and location data for each selected location. This includes name, state, country, continent, elevation, coordinates and importance level.  A table of the monthly climate data for the location is also displayed. The list of selected locations can be scrolled through using the Previous and Next buttons.

Editing Data

All the climatic data, elevation, importance level and coordinate information can be edited. The tabular display can be edited by clicking on the table entry and typing in a new figure. Text boxes can be edited by clicking on the edit box, deleting the existing figure  and entering a new number.

Once the necessary changes have been made, click on the OK button to save them.

Graphing Climatic Data

Clicking on the Graph button will display a graph of the climatic data shown in the table. This includes the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity (9 am and 3 pm) and monthly rainfall, all average monthly figures. This graph can be printed or saved as a Windows Metafile using the File menu at the top of the graph. Select File|Print to print the graph or File|Write to meta-file to save the file. The graph can also be copied to the Windows clipboard using the Edit menu. To exit the graph, choose File|Exit from the menu.

Previous

Loads the data for the previous location in the selection set.

Next

Loads the data for the following location in the selection set.


HLP_MtMMetManBx


HLP_MtMSetRangeBx


HLP_MtMSetRangeDlg
Set Data Value Ranges Dialog Box

View Set Data Value Ranges Dialog Box

This dialog box is displayed when the 'Set ranges for data values' button is selected from the MetManager Dialog Box.

It enables the setting of the upper and lower bounds of the parameters used in the meteorological database to allow range checking during the reading of the data.


HLP_MtMMetManDlg
MetManager Dialog Box

View MetManager Dialog Box

The left side dialog box is displayed when the MetManager option is selected from the Main CLIMEX Menu.

It expands to the right side dialog box when a location selection is opened or the 'New' option is selected.

Met Data File

Change File

Selecting this option displays the File Selection Box which offers the selection of an alternative Global Meteorological Data File (.BMT file). This file will only be used by the MetManager, it will not change the meteorological data file used by CLIMEX itself. The default file is Metdata.bmt.

NOTE: In order to change the Met. Data File in CLIMEX use the 'Meteorological Data File' option in the main menu of CLIMEX.

Import Data

This option enables the importing of new data. For more information on this option click HERE.

Set ranges for data values

Selecting this option causes the display of the Set Data Value Ranges Dialog Box which enables the setting of the upper and lower bounds of the meteorological parameters.

Location Selection

New

Enables the creation of new location selections from the existing database.

Open

Opens a previously saved location selection file.

Save

Saves the current location selection to a file.

Save As

Saves the current location selection to a new filename.

Delete

Selection of this option deletes the open Location Selection (.SEL) file from the disk.

Change Selection

Clicking on this button displays the Select Locations Dialog Box which enables the selection of locations to be included in the Location Selection.

Export

This option exports the data for the currently selected locations into two ASCII files with a .MET and a .LOC extension. These files can be used in older versions of CLIMEX or they can be used to add locations to the database of current versions.

 Delete Selection from Database

This feature allows the deletion of locations from the CLIMEX database. Once deleted, all the location information for the selected locations is removed and can not be used again without re-installing CLIMEX or importing it from .MET and .LOC files. To restore the entire database, please refer to the installation instructions in the CLIMEX User's Guide.

To delete a group of locations, first Select the Locations or open the .SEL file then click on the Delete Selection from Database button.

Edit / View / Graph

Selecting this option opens the Edit/View Graph Dialog Box.


HLP_MtMSelLocsBx


HLP_MtMSelLocsDlg
Select Locations Dialog Box

View Select Location Selection Dialog Box

To select a group of locations from the database click on the New button in the Location Selection panel of the MetManager Dialog Box that is accessed from the operations option on the Main Menu. This enlarges the MetManager Dialog Box so that more controls can be accessed. To create a new set of locations, click on the Change Selection button. This activates the Location Selection Dialog Box. Continents, countries, states and locations can be selected by scrolling through the lists and clicking on the appropriate name using the left mouse button.  A single location, a group of locations from one or more countries, a whole country, a group of countries, a whole continent, a selection of continents or the entire data set can be selected. The selection is done by clicking on the appropriate names and using the Show Countries, Show States, Show Locations buttons on the dialog box. This procedure is described in more detail below.

The data is stored in four subsets; continents, countries, states (Australia, USA and Canada only) and locations. Double-clicking on a continent, country or state will display all the entries in the column to the right which makes up that group (i.e. double clicking on a continent will display the countries within it). Clicking on a location will select that individual location. The Undo button will undo the last selections you made. Just click repeatedly on the Undo button to undo up to the last 10 steps recorded. The Clear Selection button will remove all the selections.

To make a Location Selection highlight the continent name by double-clicking on it. This will display all the countries in that continent. Now either click on the Select Continent button, which will select all the locations in that continent, or, if a smaller group is required, select a country by clicking on it. A cross will appear next to the name of any item selected.

To select all locations in one (or more) countries, scroll down the list of countries using the scroll bar, and click on the appropriate country name. To select all the locations in the country, click on the  Select Country button. A cross will appear next to the country name indicating all the locations in it have been selected. Repeat this last step as many times as required until all the countries you want are selected. The states in a country can be displayed by clicking on the Show States button or by double clicking on the country name. If no states have been defined for the country you have selected, the States column will be disabled and only locations will be displayed when the country name is selected.

The same procedure applies to the selection of a group of states. Double click on the country name to display all the states. Individual states can be selected by clicking once to highlight the state name, then click on the Select State button to select all locations in that state. As many individual states as desired can be selected. A cross will appear next to the state name indicating all the locations within the state boundaries have been selected.

Individual locations can be selected in the final column by clicking on the location name. Double clicking on the country (or state) name will display all the locations for that entry. Clicking once on the location name will select it.  A cross will appear next to each location name to indicate it has been selected.

To include locations from a different continent, country or state, return to the relevant column and add these additional locations to your Location Selection.

When all location required are selected, click on the OK button. CLIMEX will now generate your selection and display the location names in the top right-hand corner of the MetManager Dialog Box. The chosen locations can now be saved to a file by choosing the Save button. Name the file (using the .SEL extension) and save to the SEL directory (usually c:\CXWin\sel). The selection can now be given a description. This description will appear in the Location Selection list box so a simple, recognizable description up to 30 characters long should be used. This file can now be used in CLIMEX as a Location Selection for Compare Locations and Match Climates runs.

Set Area Limits

Selection of this option opens the Set Area Limits Dialog Box which enables the definition of location selections by latitude and longitude.

Set Importance Level Limit

Each location in the CLIMEX database is assigned an Importance Level based on the size and significance of that location. This enables the making up of sets which include only the larger towns. Alternatively it can be set to include most or all of the towns irrespective of the importance. The importance levels vary from 0 (most important) to 5 (lowest importance). Selecting the 'Set Importance Level' button enables the user to set this level to the desired value. The default importance level is 1.

IMPORTANT - All localities are displayed in the list box irrespective of the importance level that is set. If a location with a higher importance level than that set is chosen it will not be included in the location selection. It will also not be listed in the selection list box on the right panel of the MetManager Dialog Box.

If selected locations are not displayed this setting should be checked.

Undo

This will deselect the last location selected. It can be used consecutively to remove up to ten previous selections.

Clear All

This clears all the selections in the dialog box.


HLP_MtMSetAreaLimitBx


HLP_MtMSetAreaLimitDlg
Set Area Limits Dialog Box

View Set Area Limits Dialog Box

A location selection can be defined by an area rather than by country or state boundaries. This is done in two steps. First select the continents or countries then set the boundaries by clicking on the Set Area Limit button. This allows you to define a Location Selection by latitude and longitude and select all locations in one or more continents within those boundaries. In the Set Area Limits Dialog Box,  click on the tick box labeled No Area Limits to remove the tick mark. This enables the editing of the latitude and longitude limits. The default values include the entire globe. Simply enter the latitude and longitude coordinates into the appropriate boxes.

Click on the OK button to close the Set Area Limit dialog box, and OK again to exit Location Selection. CLIMEX will now generate the selection and display the location names in the right-hand panel of the dialog box. The chosen selection can now be saved to a file by choosing the Save button. Name the file (using the .SEL extension) and save to the SEL directory (usually c:\cxwin\sel.  A description of the selection can now be added. This description will appear in the Location Selection list box so a simple, recognizable description up to 30 characters long should be used. This file can now be used in CLIMEX as a Location Selection for Compare Locations and Match Climates runs.


HLP_MtMEdMetDataBx


HLP_MpMUseMapMan
Using MapManager

The MapManager enables the construction of new display maps for use in Compare Locations and Match Climates functions of CLIMEX. These maps are not the Location Selections defined by MetManager but are the actual maps displayed on screen and printed. MapManager gives control of the area to be displayed, the map size, the position of the map symbols and names, the size of the symbols and the colours of border lines. Once defined and saved the map can be selected by clicking on the Options button on the Compare Locations or Match Climates dialog boxes.

MapManager uses several files to store map details such as names, coordinate boundaries, legend details and symbol size. If the default installation directory (C:\CXWin) was used, the map files are held in the C:\CXWin\map directory with an .RDF (Regional Data File) extension. A second set of files with a .MPB extension are stored in the same directory and are used to store the coordinate boundaries for each continent. As well as the mapping details the RDF files identify which coordinate files are needed to define each map.

For information on using the MapManager click on the relevant section below:

·	Creating a new map.

·	Coordinate boundary files.


HLP_MpMCreatMap
Creating a New Map

To create a new map:

1.Open the MapManager by selecting the Operations|MapManager option from the main CLIMEX menu

2.Click on the New button or open an existing map (use the Open button) for a location near the one that is required

3.Click on the Description text box and type in the name of the new map (up to 34 characters which describe the map). This is the description displayed in the Options menu when choosing a map to display data.

4.Edit the coordinate data files to define the boundaries on your map. Click on the Add button to display the files available. A list of files with the .MPB extension will be displayed. Click HERE for a description of the file contents.

5.Choose the continent files that includes the area you want to map (i.e. if you want to map the UK select the europe.mpb file). Some maps may require more than one file depending on their location. Files can be added or removed using the Add or Remove buttons. The Line Style button defines the type and colour of the boundary line for the .mpb file currently selected. Clicking on the Line Style button activates the Map Line Style dialog box. To change the line colour, click on the Colour button and choose from either the basic or custom colours, then choose OK. Solid or dashed lines can be selected using the drop-down menu under the Colour button. Once you have made your line style selection, click on the OK button.

6. Add the regional latitude and longitudinal boundaries by clicking on the text boxes and inserting the required values. Remember that longitude values west of the Greenwich Mean Line are negative, east of the line are positive. Latitude values south of the equator are negative, north of the equator are positive. CLIMEX cannot use a map which includes the international date line within the longitude boundaries (i.e. a map of all the pacific islands from left 150 degrees to right -130 degrees)

7. Click on the Set Legends button to define to placement of map legends and symbol size.

6. Enter the latitude and longitude coordinates for the placement of the Species Legend and Symbol Legend on the map by clicking on the text boxes and typing in the required values.The size of the symbols displayed in the symbol legend are set using the Options button on the Compare Locations and Match Climates dialog boxes. The default values are 0, 25, 50,75.

8. You can also scale the size of the symbols displayed on the map. If you are mapping small areas (an island for example), the default symbol size may be too large for the map. The default value is 1.0 which you can decrease or increase as required. This will change the size of the symbols as they appear on the map. You can change the default value by clicking on the Symbol Scale Factor text box and changing the number to the required value (0 - 5).

9. Once you have finished your changes click on the OK button.

10. You can save your map definition using the Save (for a new file) or Save As (if you opened an existing file) buttons.


HLP_MpMCoordFiles
Map Coordinate Data Files

A number of files are used to store the coordinates for drawing maps. This information is quite detailed and is stored in a series of small files to speed up access and allow quicker map display times. This is especially important on slower computers. Three types of map coordinate files have been provided. These are stored in the c:\CXWin\map directory if the program was installed in the default (CXWin) directory. These three files are for Land (natural boundaries), Country (political boundaries) and State boundaries for each continent. State boundaries are only provided for Australia, USA and China. A combination of these files will be needed depending on the maps to be created.

There are also two versions of each of these files for each continent; high detail and low detail versions. The files for the low detail maps are much smaller and are therefore displayed more rapidly. The low detail maps are designed for day-to-day use where detailed boundaries are not needed. The high detail maps are designed for presentation and will take slightly longer to display on screen. On fast computers (486 DX2 66, 486 DX4, Pentium) only a slight change in display speed will be noticed but those with slower machines will appreciate the quicker maps.

The following map files are provided;

·	Africa

·	Asia

·	Australia

·	Europe

·	North America (Canada, USA, Mexico)

·	South America

·	The World

The files are coded in the following way. Each file has a country name and an underbar ( _ ) followed by two letters (i.e. aust_XX.mpb). The first letter of the suffix refers to the type of map. L = Land, C = Country and S = State. The second letter refers to the detail. H = High detail, L = Low detail. For example:

The high detail land map for the Pacific region is pacif_lh.mpb.

The low detail country map for Asia which includes the country boundaries is Asia_cl.mpb.

The high detail map for Asia which does not include the country boundaries is Asia_ll.mpb.

To build a high detail map for the USA the following files should be added:

1. The detailed North American land file (namer_lh.mpb)

2. The North American country file (for national borders (namer_ch.mpb)

3. If the state borders are to be included, the state file for the USA (usa_s.mpb).

These files are selected using the Add button on the MapManager dialog box.


HLP_MpMMapManBx


HLP_MpMSetProjBx


HLP_MpMSetProjDlg
Set Projection Dialog Box

View Set Projection Dialog Box

This dialog box enables the selection of the projection method to be used for displaying the map.


HLP_MpMSetLegendsBx


HLP_MpMSetLegendsDlg
Set Legends Dialog Box

View Set Legends Dialog Box

This dialog box, which is accessed from the MapManager Dialog Box enables the positioning of the species and symbol legends on the map.

Species Legend Position

Specify the latitude and longitude for the top left-hand corner of the legend containing the species name.

Symbol Legend Position

Specify the latitude and longitude for the top left-hand corner of the legend containing the symbols for the map.

Symbol Scale Factor

The symbol scale factor controls the size of the symbols and legend to be displayed on the map.


HLP_MpMLineStyleBx


HLP_MpMLineStyleDlg
Set Line Style Dialog Box

View Set Line Style Dialog Box

This dialog enables the setting of the colour and type of the lines used in displaying a map.

It is displayed in response to the Line Style button in the MapManager Dialog Box.


HLP_MpMMapManDlg
MapManager Dialog Box

View MapManager Dialog Box

This dialog box is accessed from the main CLIMEX menu by selecting the Operations|MapManager option. It enables the construction of new display maps as described under Using MapManager.

File Operations

New

This enables the definition a new display map.

Open

This opens an existing .RDF file. A list of the .MPB files associated with this file will appear in the Coordinate Files box on the right of the MapManager Dialog Box. The parameters can be edited either to correct them or as a basis for a new map.

Save

Saves the current map files.

Save As

Saves the current map files to a new name.

Delete

Deletes the current .RDF file

Description

This contains a description of up to 34 characters which will be displayed in the list of maps available in the Compare Locations or Match Climates functions of CLIMEX.

Coordinate Data Files

This contains a list of the .MPB files that are currently contained in the .RDF file.

Add

This button enables the addition of new .MPB files to the current list.

Remove

This removes the highlighted .BMP files from the current selection.

Line Style

Selection of this button causes the display of the Line Style Dialog Box which enables the definition of the thickness and colour of the lines to be used in the map.

Region Boundary

These are the latitude and longitude boundaries of the map which will be displayed.

Projection

Available projections are:-

Direct (Longitude, Latitude)

Normal Mercator

Normal Stereographic

Oblique Stereographic

Lambert's Conformal Conic

Bonne

Homolosine

Polyconic

For more details about these projections see Maling, DH (1973) 'Coordinate systems and Map Projections'. George Philip & Son, London.

Set Projection

This button displays the Set Projection Dialog Box which enables the selection of the projection to be used for the map.

Set Legends

Clicking on this button causes the Set Legends Dialog Box to be displayed. This determines the position of the species name and symbol name legends on the map.


HLP_Species
Species

This menu option allows several editing features related to species parameter files.

List All

Creates a list of all species files currently held in the CLIMEX species database.

Edit Parameters

Causes the Edit Species Parameters Dialog Box to be displayed. This enables the editing of the parameters in the species files.

New

This opens the New Species Dialog Box which enables the creation of a new species parameter file.

Delete

Enables the deletion of a species parameter file.  Simply select the species to delete by clicking on the species name and then the OK button. WARNING - once a species file is deleted it can not be restored.

Import

This facilitates the import of a species parameter file for inclusion in the CLIMEX species parameter database.  Select the species parameter file (this will have a .CXP extension) you wish to import and click on the OK button. CLIMEX for Windows can import a species file from older versions of CLIMEX. As some new parameters have been included in the Windows version, error messages indicating that some parameter values are missing  may be displayed (especially for Light Index parameters which are new to the Windows version). THIS IS NORMAL. Click on the OK button to clear these error messages. The species will still import and a message will be displayed to confirm this. The new species will then appear in the species lists and menus.

The .CXP files are best made using the export function below. These can be used for importing into a different installation of CLIMEX.

Export

This enables the export of a species parameter (.CXP) file. This facilitates the transfer of species parameters from one installation of CLIMEX to another. Select the Export option then  choose the species parameter file for export by clicking on the desired species name in the Export Species parameter box and then the OK button. This activates the  Export Species Filename box.  Enter a new file name (with a .CXP extension) and choose the destination disk and directory for the file. Now click on the OK button to export the file.


HLP_ImportLevel
Importance Level

The CLIMEX location database contains meteorological data for 2493 locations around the world. The Location Selections defined in MetManager allow the selection of a group of locations based on national or latitude/longitude boundaries. In some circumstances the grouping of these locations may not be ideal. Some locations may be close together and have very similar climates.  It is for this reason that a number, the Importance Level, is associated with each Location Selection.  The lower the Importance Level the more "important" the location.

The Importance Level (IL) ranges from 0 to 5. Most locations have a IL of 0 or 1. If two locations in the database are situated close to each other, one will usually have a higher IL to avoid duplicating results. Selecting an Importance Level will group all those locations with an Importance Level of the number chosen or less (i.e. an Importance Level of 3 groups all the locations with an IL of 3, 2, 1 or 0). An example is given below.

These two maps are of Queensland, Australia. The left-hand map is a CLIMEX run using an Importance Level of 0. This selects only the most important locations. There are 26 locations in this selection. This type of map may be suitable for a  draft output, for operations on a slower PC or for use on a world map where limited detail is required.

The right-hand map is of locations with an Importance Level of 5 or less (all locations in the database). There are116 locations. This map would be excellent for displaying results on maps of Queensland or Australia, but on a world or regional map, this much detail would probably be excessive.

IMPORTANT

When a selection is made, the setting of the importance level limit means that only locations with an importance level of less than or equal to the limit are included. The default setting is 5. When selecting locations in the MetManager, all locations are shown in the selection list. However only those with an importance level of that set or lower are displayed in the 'Selected Locations' list.


HLP_LocMetDatTblOptBx


HLP_LocMetDatTblOptDlg
Location Meteorological Data Table Options Dialog Box

View Location Meteorological Data Table Options Dialog Box

To display this dialog box:

1. Display a map or table output from the Compare Locations or Match Climates functions of CLIMEX.

2. Right click on a map location or double click on a table location and select 'Location Met Data' from the list.

3. Right click in the Location Met Data Table to display the dialog box.

It enables the selection of the type of meteorological data to be displayed in the table. Parameters can be selected/deselected by clicking on the relevant tick box.


HLP_EPTempNdx
Temperature Index Parameters

DV0 Limiting low temperature. No population growth takes place at or below this average weekly temperature.

DV1 Lower optimal temperature. The lower limit of the range of ideal temperatures for population growth.

Population growth rate is reduced if the average weekly minimum temperature is below this value.

DV2 Upper optimal temperature. The upper limit of the range of ideal temperatures for population growth.

Population growth rate is reduced if the average weekly maximum temperature exceeds this value.

DV3 Limiting high temperature. No population growth takes place when the average weekly maximum

temperature equals or exceeds this value.

PDD Minimum degree-days above DV0 necessary to complete a generation. For univoltine species, a minimum

number of degree-days must be accumulated in a year in order to complete a generation and so survive at a

given location. If the value of PDD is not reached at a particular location, the EI for that location will be 0.

The default value of PDD is zero.


HLP_EPMoistNdx
Moisture Index Parameters

SM0 Limiting low moisture. No population growth takes place at or below this average weekly soil moisture.

SM1 Lower optimal moisture. The lower limit of the range of ideal soil moisture for population growth.

Population growth rate is reduced if the average weekly soil moisture is below this value.

SM2 Upper optimal moisture. The upper limit of the range of ideal soil moisture for population growth.

Population growth rate is reduced if the average weekly soil moisture is above this value.

SM3 Limiting high moisture. No population growth takes place at or above this average weekly soil moisture.


HLP_EPDiapNdx
Diapause Index Parameters

DPD0 Diapause Induction Day length. This is the average daylength that induces diapause. The default value is 0,

indicating no diapause.

DPT0 Diapause Induction Temperature. This is the average weekly minimum (for winter diapause) or maximum

temperature (for summer diapause) that induces diapause.

DPT1 Diapause Termination Temperature. This is the average weekly minimum (for winter diapause) or

maximum (for summer diapause) temperature that terminates diapause.

DPD Diapause Development Days. This is the minimum number of days below (winter diapause) or above

(summer diapause) DPTO required for diapause development to be complete. If the required number of

days in diapause (DPD) are not achieved, the species is assumed not to have survived diapause and the

annual GI becomes zero. The default value for DPD is 0, which corresponds to a facultative diapause.

DPSW Indicator for Summer or Winter Diapause. The value of this parameter determines whether the species

undergoes summer or winter diapause. A value of 0 indicates winter diapause, a value of 1 indicates

summer diapause.

The diapause function works in the following way.

For Winter diapause (DPSW = 0) diapause is switched on when Day length < DPDO and daily minimum temperature is < DPTO and day length is decreasing.

Diapause is switched off when daily minimum temperature >= DPT1 and day length is increasing and diapause development is complete (only if DPD set at >0)

Diapause development is considered to have been completed when DPD days have passed with a minimum temperature < DPTO since diapause started.  DPD can be set to 0 to effectively disable the diapause development condition.

For Summer diapause (DPSW = 1)

Diapause is switched on when day length > DPDO and daily maximum temperature is > DPTO and day length is increasing.

Diapause is switched off when daily maximum temperature <= DPT1 and day length is decreasing and diapause development is complete (only if DPD set at >0).

Diapause development is considered to have been completed when DPD days have occurred with a maximum temperature > DPTO since diapause started.  DPD can be set to 0 to effectively disable the diapause development condition.


HLP_EPLightNdx
Light Index Parameters

LT0 is the daylength (in hours) above which growth is at a maximum.

LT1 is the daylength below which growth is 0.


HLP_EPColdStrPar
Cold Stress Parameters

Cold stress can occur in two different ways. In the degree-day method, stress occurs because the days are not warm

enough to maintain metabolism. In the lethal temperature method, stress occurs in response to excessively low

minimum temperatures. Both types of stress may occur for the one species.

TTCS Cold Stress Temperature Threshold. This parameter represents the average weekly minimum temperature

below which Cold Stress accumulates.

THCS Cold Stress Temperature Rate. This is the rate at which Cold Stress accumulates once temperatures drop

below the threshold value of TTCS.

DTCS Cold Stress Day-degree Threshold. Cold stress will begin to accumulate when this threshold number of

degree-days above DV0 is not achieved.

DHCS Cold Stress Degree-day Rate. This is the rate at which Cold Stress accumulates once the threshold number

of degree-days above DV0 (DTCS) is not achieved.


HLP_EPHeatStrPar
Heat Stress Parameters

Heat stress can occur in two different ways. In the degree-day method, stress occurs because the days are too hot to

allow normal metabolism. In the lethal temperature method, stress occurs because of excessively high maximum

temperatures.

TTHS Heat Stress Temperature Threshold. This parameter represents the average weekly maximum temperature

above which Heat Stress accumulates.

THHS Heat Stress Temperature Rate. This is the rate at which Heat Stress accumulates once temperatures exceed

the threshold value of TTHS.

DTHS Heat Stress Threshold. Heat stress will begin to accumulate when this threshold number of degree-days

above DV3 is exceeded.

DHHS Heat Stress Degree-day Rate. This is the rate at which Heat Stress accumulates once the threshold number

of degree-days above DV3 (DTHS) is exceeded.


HLP_EPDryStrPar
Dry Stress Parameters

SMDS Dry Stress Threshold. Dry stress is accumulated when the average weekly soil moisture level drops below

this value.

HDS Dry Stress Rate. This is the rate at which Dry Stress accumulates once the soil moisture drops below the

Dry Stress threshold of SMDS.


HLP_EPWetStrPar
Wet Stress Parameters

SMWS Wet Stress Threshold. Wet stress is accumulated when the average weekly soil moisture levels exceed this

value.

HWS Wet Stress Rate. This is the rate at which Wet Stress accumulates once the soil moisture exceeds the Wet

Stress threshold of SMWS.


HLP_EPTempMoistStrInteractionPar
Temperature/Moisture Stress Interactions

Cold-Dry Stress

DTCD Cold-Dry Degree-day Threshold. Cold-Dry Stress will begin to accumulate when this threshold number of

degree-days above DV0 is not achieved.

MTCD Cold-Dry Moisture Threshold. This is the average weekly soil moisture level below which Cold-Dry Stress

accumulates.

PCD Cold-Dry Stress Rate. This is the rate at which Cold-Dry Stress accumulates once the threshold number of

degree-days > DV0 is not reached and the average soil moisture level drops below the threshold value.

Cold-Wet Stress

DTCW Cold-Wet Temperature Threshold. Cold-Wet Stress will begin to accumulate when this threshold number of

degree-days above DV0 is not achieved.

MTCW Cold-Wet Moisture Threshold. This is the average weekly soil moisture level above which Cold-Wet Stress

accumulates.

PCW Cold-Wet Stress Rate. This is the rate at which Cold-Wet Stress accumulates once the threshold number of

degree-days > DV0 is not reached and the average soil moisture level exceeds the threshold value of

MTCW.

Hot-Dry Stress

TTHD Hot-Dry Temperature Threshold. This is the average weekly maximum temperature above which Hot-Dry

Stress accumulates.

MTHD Hot-Dry Moisture Threshold. This is the average weekly soil moisture level below which Hot-Dry Stress

accumulates.

PHD Hot-Dry Stress Rate. This is the rate at which Hot-Dry Stress accumulates once the average maximum

temperature exceeds the threshold of TTHD and the average soil moisture level drops below the threshold

value of MTHD.

Hot-Wet Stress

TTHW Hot-Wet Temperature Threshold. This is the average weekly maximum temperature above which Hot-Wet

Stress accumulates.

MTHW Hot-Wet Moisture Threshold. This is the average weekly soil moisture level above which Hot-Wet Stress

accumulates.

PHW Hot-Wet Stress Rate. This is the rate at which Hot-Wet Stress accumulates once the average maximum

temperature and the average soil moisture level exceed the threshold values of TTHW and MTHW.


HLP_SoilMdlParBx


HLP_SoilMoistParDlg
Soil Moisture Parameters

View Soil Moisture Parameters Dialog Box

The Soil Moisture Parameters Dialog Box enables the editing of the parameters for the calculation of soil moisture.

Use Default Values

If this box is checked the default values will be used and the parameter file will be compatible with CLIMEX Version 1.0

If the values are changed then backwards compatibility will be lost.

The default values are:

Maximum Soil Moisture Storage = 100

 	   Evapotranspiration Coefficient =  0.8


HLP_MetDataFile
Meteorological Data File

The default Global Meteorological Data File is MetData.bmt which is supplied with the program. If an alternative file is to be used the 'Meteorological Data File' option in the main menu of CLIMEX should be used to change the file name. This will cause the selected file to be used both by CLIMEX and by the MetManager program. Changing to a different Met. Data File in the MetManager will not change the file for CLIMEX.


HLP_SetImpLevelBx


HLP_SetImpLevelDlg
Set Importance Level Dialog Box

View Set Importance Level Dialog Box

This dialog box enables the setting of the Importance Level for selections of localities in CLIMEX.


HLP_EPDate
Date of Last Modification

This is the date that the parameters for this species were modified.

If 'protected' appears on this line the file is protected and the parameter values cannot be altered.


HLP_ParamCommWind
Parameter Comments Window

View Parameter Comments Window

This window provides a simple editor for the user to add comments relevant to the parameter values that have been selected for the species.


HLP_ParCommentWind


HLP_OutTxtFileBtn
Output Text File Button

Clicking on this button enables the saving of the parameter values for the current species in a text file.


HLP_SaveSppBtn
Save Species Button

This button causes any changes made to the parameter values for the species to be saved in the CLIMEX Species Parameter File. The values supplied are contained in a file named Species,par in the Param subdirectory of the main CLIMEX directory.


HLP_SppParEdCommBtn
Species Parameter Editor Comments Button

This button accesses a simple text editor where comments on the parameter values can be stored


HLP_SelTargBtn
Select Targets Button

Click on this button to select targets from a list of available locations


HLP_OptionsBtn
Options

Select this button to select the options required for the display of the output from the run. Options available will depend on the CLIMEX function being run as well as the output format chosen.


HLP_RunBtn
Run Button

Select this button when ready to run the CLIMEX function.


HLP_ShowBtn
Show Button

The show button causes the display of the results in the chosen format at the end of a CLIMEX run.


HLP_ReultsSectn
Results Section

Select the required output format that will be used to display the output at the end of the CLIMEX run. This foprmat can be changed at any time before or after the run.


HLP_GrnHseIrrigChkBx
Greenhouse and Irrigation Check Boxes

Checking these boxes will cause the current Climate Change or Irrigation scenario to be applied to the location,

These scenarios are set from the main menu by selecting Preferences|Scenarios.