Line Editing Commands

  While authoring an expression, the text can be edited using the following line edit commands:

  Cursor movement commands:
Ctrl-S		      move left a character
Ctrl-D		      move right a character
Ctrl-A		      move left a word
Ctrl-F		      move right a word
Ctrl-Q S	      move to left end of line
Ctrl-Q D	      move to right end of line

  Text deletion commands:
Ctrl-H	  Backspace   delete char left of cursor
Ctrl-G	  Del	      delete char at the cursor
Ctrl-T		      delete word beginning at cursor
Ctrl-Y		      delete whole line
Ctrl-Q Y	      delete right end of line
Ctrl-Q H	      delete left end of line

  Miscellaneous commands:
Ctrl-M	  Enter       enter line of text
Ctrl-J	  Ctrl-Enter  enter and simplify line of text
Esc		      abort edit and return to menu
Ctrl-V	  Ins	      toggle insert/overwrite modes
Ctrl-U		      insert previous line of text
F3		      insert highlighted expression
F4		      insert highlighted expression enclosed in parentheses

  On PC compatible computers, the following Greek letters can be entered by holding down the Alt key while pressing the corresponding Latin (English) letter:
Alt-A  alpha		Alt-M  mu
Alt-B  beta		Alt-P  pi
Alt-G  Gamma		Alt-S  sigma
Alt-D  delta		Alt-T  tau
Alt-N  epsilon		Alt-F  Phi
Alt-H  Theta		Alt-O  Omega

  On PC compatible computers, the following mathematical constants and functions can be entered by holding down the Alt key while pressing the corresponding letter:
Alt-E  #e    base of the natural logs
Alt-I  #i    square root of -1
Alt-Q  SQRT  square root function


Functions, Constants, and Operators

  Derive knows how to approximate and/or simplify the following mathematical functions, constants, and operators.  In approximate mode and given numeric arguments, they are approximated numerically to the current precision level.

  Otherwise they are simplified algebraically using powerful transformations.  Many transformations are applied automatically; some are applied only when you request them by issuing a Manage command.

Constants:
  #e	      base of the natural logarithms
  #i	      square root of -1
  pi	      circle's circumference to diameter ratio
  deg	      radians per degree
  inf	      positive infinity

Operators (page 17):
  - z	      minus z
  z + w       z plus w
  z - w       z minus w
  z * w       z times w
  z w	      z times w
  z / w       z divided by w
  z ^ w       z raised to the power w
  z %	      z percent = z/100
  z !	      z factorial

Exponential functions (page 71):
  #e	      base of the natural logarithms
  EXP (z)     #e raised to the power z
  SQRT (z)    square root of z

Logarithmic functions (page 72):
  LN (z)      natural log of z
  LOG (z)     natural log of z
  LOG (z, w)  log of z to the base w

Trigonometric functions (page 73):
  pi	      circle's circumference to diameter ratio
  deg	      radians per degree
  SIN (z deg) sine of z degrees
  SIN (z)     sine of z radians
  COS (z)     cosine of z radians
  TAN (z)     tangent of z radians
  COT (z)     cotangent of z radians
  SEC (z)     secant of z radians
  CSC (z)     cosecant of z radians

Inverse trigonometric functions (radians) (page 75):
  ASIN (z)    angle whose sine is z
  ACOS (z)    angle whose cosine is z
  ATAN (z)    angle whose tangent is z
  ACOT (z)    angle whose cotangent is z
  ATAN (y, x) angle of the point (x,y)
  ACOT (x, y) angle of the point (x,y)
  ASEC (z)    angle whose secant is z
  ACSC (z)    angle whose cosecant is z

Hyperbolic functions (page 76):
  SINH (z)    hyperbolic sine of z
  COSH (z)    hyperbolic cosine of z
  TANH (z)    hyperbolic tangent of z
  COTH (z)    hyperbolic cotangent of z
  SECH (z)    hyperbolic secant of z
  CSCH (z)    hyperbolic cosecant of z

Inverse hyperbolic functions (page 76):
  ASINH (z)   inverse hyperbolic sine of z
  ACOSH (z)   inverse hyperbolic cosine of z
  ATANH (z)   inverse hyperbolic tangent of z
  ACOTH (z)   inverse hyperbolic cotangent of z
  ASECH (z)   inverse hyperbolic secant of z
  ACSCH (z)   inverse hyperbolic cosecant of z

Piecewise continuous functions (page 76):
  ABS (x)	  absolute value of z
  SIGN (x)	  sign of z
  MAX (x, y, ...) maximum of arguments
  MIN (x, y, ...) minimum of arguments
  STEP (x)	  1 if x>0;  0 if x<0
  CHI (a, x, b)   1 if a<x<b;  0 if x<a or x>b

Complex variable functions (page 77):
  #i		  square root of -1
  ABS (z)	  absolute value of z
  SIGN (z)	  sign of z
  RE (z)	  real part of z
  IM (z)	  imaginary part of z
  CONJ (z)	  complex conjugate of z
  PHASE (z)	  phase angle of z

Probability functions (page 78):
  z!	      z factorial
  GAMMA (z)   gamma of z
  PERM (z, w) permutations of z things taken w at a time
  COMB (z, w) combinations of z things taken w at a time

Statistical functions (page 79):
  AVERAGE (z1, ..., zn)  arithmetic mean (average)
  RMS (z1, ..., zn)	 root mean square
  VAR (z1, ..., zn)	 variance
  STDEV (z1, ..., zn)	 standard deviation
  FIT (m)		 least-squares fit to data matrix m

Error functions (page 81):
  ERF (z)		 error function
  ERF (z, w)		 generalized error function
  ERFC (z)		 complementary error function
  NORMAL (z, m, s)	 normal distribution function with
			   mean m and standard deviation s

Financial functions (page 81):
  PVAL (i, nper, pmt, fval, time)  present value of contract
  FVAL (i, nper, pmt, pval, time)  future value of contract
  PMT (i, nper, pval, fval, time)  periodic payment of contract
  NPER (i, pmt, pval, fval, time)  number of payment periods of contract

Calculus functions (page 83):
  LIM (u, x, a)        limit of u as x approaches a from above
  LIM (u, x, a, 0)     limit of u as x approaches a from below
  DIF (u, x)	       derivative of u wrt x
  DIF (u, x, n)        nth order derivative of u wrt x
  TAYLOR (u, x, a, n)  nth order Taylor approximation of u about a
  INT (u, x)	       antiderivative of u wrt x
  INT (u, x, a, b)     definite integral of u wrt x from a to b
  SUM (u, n)	       antidifference of u wrt n
  SUM (u, n, k, m)     definite sum of u as n goes from k to m
  PRODUCT (u, n)       antiquotient of u wrt n
  PRODUCT (u, n, k, m) definite product of u as n goes from k to m

Vector functions (page 94):
  VECTOR (u, k, m, n, s)   a vector of u as k goes from m to n in steps s
  ELEMENT (v, n)	   element n of a vector
  v . w 		   dot product of vectors
  CROSS (v, w)		   cross product of two vectors
  DIMENSION (v) 	   number of elements of a vector
  OUTER (v, w)		   outer product of two vectors

Matrix functions (page 98):
  IDENTITY_MATRIX (n)	   n by n identity matrix
  ELEMENT (A, j, k)	   element in row j and column k of a matrix
  A . B 		   dot product of matrices
  A`			   transpose of a matrix (On PC-9801, use Yen char)
  DET (A)		   determinant of a square matrix
  TRACE (A)		   trace (sum of diagonal) of a square matrix
  A ^ -1		   inverse of a square matrix
  ROW_REDUCE (A, B)	   row echelon form of A augmented by B
  CHARPOLY (A, x)	   characteristic polynomial of a square matrix
  EIGENVALUES (A, x)	   eigenvalues of a square matrix

Differential vector calculus (page 104):
  GRAD (expn)		   gradient of expn depending on x, y, and z
  GRAD (expn, v)	   gradient of expn depending on variables in v
  GRAD (expn, A)	   gradient of expn in coordinate system A
  DIV (v, A)		   divergence of a vector
  LAPLACIAN (expn, A)	   divergence of the gradient of expn
  CURL (v, A)		   curl of a vector

Integral vector calculus (page 107):
  POTENTIAL (v) 	   scalar potential of a vector
  POTENTIAL (v, w)	   potential of a vector with starting coordinates w
  VECTOR_POTENTIAL (v)	   vector potential of a vector
  JACOBIAN (v, w)	   Jacobian matrix of partial derivatives
  COVARIANT_METRIC_TENSOR (J)  Covariant metric tensor of Jacobian matrix
  SQRT_DIAGONAL (G)	   square roots of the diagonal of a metric tensor

Equation operators and functions (page 47):
  u = v 		  u equals v
  u /= v		  u not equal v
  u < v 		  u less than v
  u <= v		  u less than or equal to v
  u > v 		  u greater than v
  u >= v		  u greater than or equal to v
  SOLVE (u, x)		  solve  u = 0	for x
  SOLVE (u = v, x)	  solve  u = v	for x
  SOLVE (u = v, x, a, b)  solve  u = v	for x in [a, b]


Algebra Window Command Menu

  To issue a menu option command, press the Space bar until the desired command is highlighted, then press the Enter key.  Alternatively, type the letter that is capitalized in the desired command.

  The following gives the page in the Derive Manual that describes each of the Algebra window's command menu options.

17  Author	  enter a new expression
22  Build	  combine expressions

    Calculus
85    Differentiate differentiate an expression
87    Integrate     integrate an expression
83    Limit	    limit of an expression
91    Product	    find a closed form product
90    Sum	    find a closed form sum
86    Taylor	    find a Taylor approximation

    Declare
45    Constant	  declare a constant's value
46    Function	  declare a function's definition
43    Variable	  declare a variable's domain
93    Matrix	  declare a matrix
93    vectoR	  declare a vector

34  Expand	  expand an expression
37  Factor	  factor an expression

11  Help	  help on
10    Editing	    line editing commands
71    Functions     functions and constants
8     Algebra	    algebra window commands
55    2D-plot	    2D-plot window commands
66    3D-plot	    3D-plot window commands
15    State	    current state of system
11    Return	    return to Derive

19  Jump	  highlight an expression
49  soLve	  solve an equation

    Manage
37    Branch	    principal vs real roots
71    Exponential   exponential transforms
72    Logarithm     logarithmic transforms
34    Ordering	    variable ordering
41    Substitute    substitute in an expression
73    Trigonometry  trigonometric transforms

    Options
      Color
55	Menu	  set menu, message, and status line colors
55	Work	  set expression area colors
53    Display	  set display mode
12    Execute	  execute DOS command
29    Input	  set variable name input mode
10    Mute	  mute audible error beeps
26    Notation	  set numeric notation style
24    Precision   set arithmetic precision mode
27    Radix	  set input and output radix bases

55  Plot	  plot an expression
12  Quit	  quit Derive
23  Remove	  remove expressions
19  Simplify	  simplify an expression

    Transfer
13    Merge	  merge expressions from file
14    Clear	  clear expressions from window
14    Demo	  simplify expressions from file
13    Load	  read expressions from file
13    Save	  write expressions to file
      Print
14	Printer   print expressions to printer
14	File	  print expressions to file
14	Layout	  set page size and margins
15	Options   set height, range, and character set
      sTate
16	Load	  load state from file
16	Save	  save state in file

22  moVe	  move expressions

    Window
64    Close	  close a window
64    Designate   designate window's type
65    Flip	  flip overlaid windows (= F2 key)
64    Goto	  go to a given window
64    Next	  go to next window (= F1 key)
65    Open	  open a window
64    Previous	  go to previous window
      Split	  split window
63	Horizontal  horizontally
63	Vertical    vertically

27  approX	  approximate an expression


2D-plot Window Command Menu

  To issue a menu option command, press the Space bar until the desired command is highlighted, then press the Enter key.  Alternatively, type the letter that is capitalized in the desired command.

  The following gives the page in the Derive Manual that describes each of the 2D-plot window's command menu options.

58  Algebra	 switch to an Algebra window
58  Center	 center window over cross

    Delete	 delete from the plot list
59    All	 all expressions
59    Butlast	 all but the last expression
59    First	 the first expression
59    Last	 the last expression

11  Help	  help on
10    Editing	    line editing commands
71    Functions     functions and constants
8     Algebra	    algebra window commands
55    2D-plot	    2D-plot window commands
66    3D-plot	    3D-plot window commands
15    State	    current state of system
11    Return	    return to Derive

56  Move	 move the cross to coordinates

    Options
59    Accuracy	 set plot accuracy
      Color
60	Plot	 set plot and axes colors
55	Menu	 set menu, message, and status line colors
55	Work	 set plot area background color
53    Display	 set display mode
12    Execute	 execute DOS command
10    Mute	 mute audible error beeps
26    Notation	 set numeric notation style
24    Precision  set arithmetic precision mode
27    Radix	 set input and output radix bases
62    Type	 select rectangular or polar plot type

56  Plot	 plot highlighted expression
12  Quit	 quit Derive
58  Scale	 set plot scale
57  Ticks	 set aspect ratio

    Window
64    Close	  close a window
64    Designate   designate window's type
65    Flip	  flip overlaid windows (= F2 key)
64    Goto	  go to a given window
64    Next	  go to next window (= F1 key)
65    Open	  open a window
64    Previous	  go to previous window
      Split	  split window
63	Horizontal  horizontally
63	Vertical    vertically

57  Zoom	  zoom plot scale in or out

  Pressing the F9 function key zooms both axes in.  F10 zooms both axes out.

  On PC compatible computers, pressing the F5 function key switches to the previous display mode as set by an Options Display command.	F5 is a fast way to switch between text and graphics display modes.


3D-plot Window Command Menu

  To issue a menu option command, press the Space bar until the desired command is highlighted, then press the Enter key.  Alternatively, type the letter that is capitalized in the desired command.

  The following gives the page in the Derive Manual that describes each of the 3D-plot window's command menu options.

58  Algebra	 switch to an Algebra window
69  Center	 set coordinates of box center
69  Eye 	 set coordinates of viewer's eye
69  Focal	 set coordinates of focal point
68  Grids	 set the number of grid panels
68  Hide	 control display of hidden lines
69  Length	 set length of sides of box

    Options
67    Axes	 control display of axes
      Color
69	Plot	 set top, bottom, and axes color
55	Menu	 set menu, message, and status line colors
55	Work	 set plot area background color
53    Display	 set display mode
12    Execute	 execute DOS command
10    Mute	 mute audible error beeps
26    Notation	 set numeric notation style
24    Precision  set arithmetic precision mode
27    Radix	 set input and output radix bases

66  Plot	 plot highlighted expression
12  Quit	 quit Derive

    Window
64    Close	  close a window
64    Designate   designate window's type
65    Flip	  flip overlaid windows (= F2 key)
64    Goto	  go to a given window
64    Next	  go to next window (= F1 key)
65    Open	  open a window
64    Previous	  go to previous window
      Split	  split window
63	Horizontal  horizontally
63	Vertical    vertically

69  Zoom	 zoom box side lengths in or out


Current State of System

Precision mode
*PRECISION*
Precision digits
*PRECISION-DIGITS*
Notation style
*NOTATION*
Notation digits
*NOTATION-DIGITS*
Input radix base
*INPUT-BASE*
Output radix base
*OUTPUT-BASE*
Input mode
*INPUT-MODE*

Branch selection
*BRANCH*
Logarithms
*LOG-EXPD*
Exponentials
*EXP-EXPD*
Trig functions
*TRIG-EXPD*
Trig powers toward
*TRIG-SQR*

Rows per tick mark
*ROWS/TICK*
Columns per tick mark
*COLS/TICK*
2D plotting accuracy
*PLOT-ACCURACY*
2D plot mode
*COORDINATE-TYPE*
Axes color
*AXES-COLOR*
Cross color
*CROSS-COLOR*
3D top color
*TOP-COLOR*
3D bottom color
*BOTTOM-COLOR*

Frame color
*FRAME-COLOR*
Option color
*OPTION-COLOR*
Prompt color
*PROMPT-COLOR*
Status color
*STATUS-COLOR*
Menu background color
*MENU-BACKGROUND*
Border color
*BORDER-COLOR*

Work color
*WORK-COLOR*
Work background color
*WORK-BACKGROUND*
Video mode
*VIDEO-MODE*

Page length
*PAGE-LINES*
Page width
*PAGE-COLUMNS*
Top margin
*TOP-MARGIN*
Bottom margin
*BOTTOM-MARGIN*
Left margin
*LEFT-MARGIN*
Right margin
*RIGHT-MARGIN*
