\fontscheme default \graphics default \paperfontsize default \spacing single \papersize Default \paperpackage a4 \use_geometry 0 \use_amsmath 0 \paperorientation portrait \secnumdepth 3 \tocdepth 3 \paragraph_separation indent \defskip medskip \quotes_language english \quotes_times 2 \papercolumns 1 \papersides 2 \paperpagestyle headings \layout Title Extended LyX Features \layout Author by the LyX Team \begin_float footnote \layout Standard \noindent This file is currently maintained by \noun on Mike Ressler \noun default , mike.ressler@alum.mit.edu. Please send comments or error corrections to that address. \end_float \layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand \tableofcontents{ \end_inset \layout Chapter Supplemental Document Preparation Tools \layout Section Introduction \layout Standard \emph on Extended LyX Features \emph default manual, which you are now reading, is essentially Part II of the \emph on User’s Guide\SpecialChar \. \emph default The reason for splitting this document is simple: the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default is already huge, and it contains all of the basic features one needs to know in order to prepare most documents. However, the LyX Team has a long-term goal of making LyX extensible through various configuration files. That means that if you want to support the Fizzwizzle LaTeX package, you can create a layout-file for it without having to alter LyX itself. We’ve already had contributions of several new features this way. This is the place where all of that gets documented. \layout Standard This manual also documents some special features, like fax support, version control, and \family typewriter SGML-Tools \family default support, which require additional software to work properly. Lastly, there’s a chapter of LaTeX tools and tips, things you can use to spruce up your documents by directly using the powerful features of LaTeX. After all, LyX \emph on \emph default only WYSIWYM, and will only ever interface to certain LaTeX features. \layout Standard Of course, with all of this extra documentation, \emph on Extended LyX Features \emph default may itself grow too big for its britches. In that case, you can just call it the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Overextended Manual \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for fun! \layout Standard If you haven’t read the \emph on Introduction \emph default yet, you are definitely in the wrong manual. The \emph on Introduction \emph default is the first place to go, since it will direct you to the correct manual, and it also describes the notation and format of all of the manuals. You should also be thoroughly familiar with the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default and all of the basic features of LyX. \layout Standard In this document, many sections are independent articles contributed by an individual and are noted as such. This person is generally whoever wrote the layout file for the new document class or LaTeX package, or implemented the feature. If there is no mention of an author to a chapter [or chapter sections], that means it was written by the LyX Documentation Team. \layout Standard This first chapter covers \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset supplemental \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset document-editing features of LyX, \emph on \emph default \protected_separator it is stuff that didn’t fit in the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default , and is for more seasoned LyX users. \layout Section ASCII-Export Support in LyX \layout Standard \noun on Juergen Vigna \layout Standard \added_space_top bigskip \noindent This gives you the possibility to export your files as ASCII text in order to be able to import this text into other applications, or to simply view and print it as is. The only thing which needs to be documented for good measure, are the \family typewriter lyxrc \family default -commands you can set for this feature. Notice that LyX automatically will detect and use the best settings for your system at installation time, but here goes anyways in case you have unforeseen problems: \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash ascii_roff_command: \family default With this command you can set the command to produce better ASCII tables with the groff/troff/nroff UNIX-commands (refer to their manpage for more information about them). Not defining it at all tells LyX to use the internal (inferior) formatter. \layout Paragraph Example: \layout LyX-Code # This let’s you generate ASCII tables with latin1 \newline # characters, using the groff formatter \newline \newline \backslash ascii_roff_command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset groff -t -ms -Tlatin1 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \newline \protected_separator \newline # This let’s you generate ASCII tables using the \newline # nroff formatter \newline \newline \backslash ascii_roff_command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset nroff \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash ascii_linelen: \family default With this command you can set the default line length of the ASCII-file which should be created. Setting it to 0 means endless lines. Default is 75 characters. \layout Paragraph Example: \layout LyX-Code # This sets the line length to 80 characters \newline \newline \backslash ascii_linelen 80 \layout Section Preparing a Bibliography with BibTeX \layout Standard STOP! If you don’t know what BibTeX is, or have a reasonably good idea of how to use it ( \emph on \emph default setting up your own bibliographic databases), \emph on \emph default , do not walk, to your nearest copy of the 2nd edition of Lamport’s \emph on LaTeX: A Document Preparation System \emph default , particularly Appendix B. The rest of this discussion assumes you have created a correct bibliography file, that you have all relevant environment variables set correctly (esp. \family typewriter BIBINPUTS \family default \family typewriter BSTINPUTS \family default , and \family typewriter TEXINPUTS \family default ), and that if sufficiently desperate, you could create and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset a LaTeX file with a BibTeX database. \layout Standard For those who don’t know what BibTeX is, it is a system for creating a large database of your most used journal references. For all future articles you write, you only need to include this standard database and reference the appropriate key to each reference. Even if you write only a few papers with handful of references each, it is well worth your time to examine BibTeX and decide whether it will be useful to you. \layout Standard To use BibTeX with LyX, first read the \emph on User Guide \emph default where it describes how to insert citations. The basic mechanism for inserting BibTeX references is the same. Then, at the very end of your document, select \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Lists \family default \family sans TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator BibTeX Reference \family default In the resulting popup, fill out the dialog boxes as follows: \layout Description Database: enter the name of your \family typewriter \family default file *without* the \family typewriter \family default extension. For searching multiple \family typewriter \family default files, just enter them in the desired order, separated by commas. \layout Description Style: enter the name of your BibTeX style file *without* the \family typewriter \family default extension. The default style is \family typewriter plain \family default (which should be included in your LaTeX distribution, so you don’t have to worry about creating it). \layout Standard For each citation, assuming that the source is in the \family typewriter \family default file, just call \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Citation Reference \family default at the correct location in the text, and enter the appropriate reference key. Nothing else is required; when invoking \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator View dvi \family default , for example, you should see that BibTex and LaTeX are invoked as needed, including multiple invocations of LaTeX. \layout Section Making an Index \layout Standard A good index is one of the hardest things to make in a lengthy document, but LyX helps make things a bit simpler by interfacing to the \family typewriter makeindex \family default program which is found in most recent LaTeX distributions. Inserting an index and marking words to include in it works much the same way as preparing a bibliography as mentioned in the last section. \layout Standard First, go to the end of your file and select \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Lists \family default \family sans TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator Index List \family default Then, for each word you would like to include in the index, go to the end of that word and click on \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Index entry last word \family default This will insert a tag showing the word as it will appear in the index. If you wish to specify exactly what will appear in the index—for example, suppose you wanted the index word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to refer to both \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in the text—after each appearance of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , simply select \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Index entry \family default and enter the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in the dialog box. That’s all there is to it; LyX will automatically call \family typewriter makeindex \family default for you and create the index itself. \layout Standard Be careful not to put spaces between the word in the text and the index marker; apparently the wrong page number can be produced if this happens. You should also be aware that there are more advanced ways to use \family typewriter makeindex \family default ; have a look at the documentation which comes with your LaTeX distribution to find out how to do things like \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset nested entries \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , etc. \layout Section Multipart Documents \layout Standard When you are working on a large file with many sections, it is often convenient to break up the document into several files, or perhaps you have something where a table may change from time to time, but the preceding text does not. In these cases, you should seriously consider using multipart documents. For example, scientific papers often have five major sections: the introduction , observations, results, discussion, and conclusion. Each of these could be its own separate LyX file, with one \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset master \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset file which contains the title, authors, abstract, references, etc., plus the five included files. It is important to note that each of these files is a full LyX file which can be formatted and printed on its own, as well as included in a master file. You may also include LaTeX files; however, these files must not have their own preamble \emph on (i.e. \emph default everything up to and including the \family typewriter \backslash begin{document \family default line as well as the \family typewriter \backslash end{document \family default line must be deleted) or else errors will be generated when you try to make a DVI file. \layout Standard LyX allows you to include files quite easily with \family sans \bar under \bar default nsert\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default \protected_separator \family default When you click on this selection a small box is inserted into the file at the current cursor location. Clicking on the box raises a popup which allows you to select the file to be included, and the method of its inclusion. \layout Standard The file selection box should by now be obvious. The three inclusion methods are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset include \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset input \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset verbatim \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset The difference between \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset include \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset input \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is really only meaningful to LaTeXperts, but the practical difference is that files which are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset included \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset are typeset beginning on a new page, while files which are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset inputted \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset are typeset starting on the current page. Perhaps the labeling in LyX will be changed someday to reflect this. \layout Standard Generally, the master file is converted into a full LaTeX file before typesettin g, while the included files are converted to LaTeX files which do not have all the preamble information. Checking the \family sans Don’t typeset \family default button prevents this conversion. \layout Standard \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset verbatim \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset included file allows you to include a file typeset exactly as it appears in the file, i.e. verbatim mode, with the characters set in a fixed-width typewriter font. Normally, spaces in this file are invisible, though two consecutive spaces are conserved, unlike LyX’s normal treatment of spaces. However, the \family sans Visible space \family default button typesets a mark to unambiguously define the presence of a space. \emph on \layout Section Algorithms \layout Standard \emph on (from LaTeX Configuration) \layout Standard The package \family sans algorithm \family default is needed by LyX to be able to output \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset algorithm-floats \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset These are useful in placing short algorithms across page breaks and support \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset index of algorithms \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset too. \layout Section Subfigures \layout Standard \emph on (from LaTeX Configuration) \layout Standard The package \family sans subfigure \family default is used by LyX when you select “subfigure” in the EPS figure popup. Several figures marked in this way can be packed into a single float with individual subcaptions. \layout Section Fancy Headers and Footers \layout Standard The default page layout is rather plain; for an article document class, all you get is a centered page number at the bottom of the page. This document is the book class, so it appears to be a bit fancier, but to really put on a show, you need to set the document page style to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset fancy \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , as mentioned in the \family sans User Guide \family default This section describes the LaTeX codes you need to insert in your LaTeX preamble or the text in order to get the desired effects. \layout Standard The page header is divided into three fields, not surprisingly labeled \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset center \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset right \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset The footer is also divided into these three fields. The LaTeX commands to set these fields in the simplest manner are \family typewriter \backslash lhead \family default \family typewriter \backslash chead \family default \family typewriter \backslash rhead \family default \family typewriter \backslash lfoot \family default , etc. Suppose you wish to put your name in the upper left hand corner of each page. Simply insert the following command in the preamble: \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash lhead{John Q. DocWriter \layout Standard You will now see your name in the upper left. If a field has a default entry that you would like to get rid of (often the page number appears in the central footer, simply include a command with a blank argument, e.g. \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash cfoot{ \layout Standard Let’s get really fancy: lets put the section number with the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Section \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (e.g. Section 3) in the upper left, the page number (e.g. Page 4) in the upper right, your name in the lower left, and the date in the lower right. The following commands should now appear in the preamble: \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash lhead{Section \backslash thesection \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash chead{ \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash rhead{Page \backslash thepage \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash lfoot{John Q. DocWriter \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash cfoot{ \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash rfoot{ \backslash today \layout Standard The codes \family typewriter \backslash thesection \family default and \family typewriter \backslash thepage \family default access LaTeX’s section and page counters, and so print out the current section and page numbers. \family typewriter \backslash today \family default simply prints out today’s date. \layout Standard The thicknesses of the horizontal rules drawn beneath the header and above the footer can also be modified. If you don’t want one of the headers, set its thickness to 0. The header rule has a default thickness of 0.4pt, the footer rule is 0pt. Use the commands, e.g. \family typewriter \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash headrulewidth{0.4pt \family default and \family typewriter \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash footrulewidth{0.4pt \family default to set the thicknesses. \layout Standard You can switch the header/footer settings on and off for individual pages using commands like \family typewriter \backslash thispagestyle{empty \family default \family typewriter \backslash thispagestyle{plain \family default , and \family typewriter \backslash thispagestyle{fancy \family default Simply insert them in the text on the page you want changed and mark them as TeX code. In fact, title pages are marked as plain by default, while following pages are marked fancy when using the global fancy setting. \layout Standard There are more complex commands which will let you insert things in the upper left on odd numbered pages, etc., but I will refer you to the \family typewriter fancyhdr \family default package documentation for more descriptions. For example, if you have a teTeX installation, look for \family typewriter /usr/local/teTeX/texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/ \latex latex \backslash \latex default fancyhdr.dvi \family default \layout Standard As a final example, it is possible to include an Encapsulated PostScript file in the header or footer. Suppose you want to put a company logo in the upper lefthand corner. You might try something like \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash lhead{ \backslash resizebox{1in{!{ \backslash includegraphics{logo.eps \layout Standard \noindent (you may need to preface this with \family typewriter \backslash usepackage{graphics \family default if you don’t include EPS files elsewhere in your document). \layout Section Extra Paragraph Options \layout Standard \noindent There are a number of advanced paragraph layout options which are accessible by clicking on \family sans ExtraOpt \family default under \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default aragraph \family default These options include the ability to indent a whole paragraph, to treat a paragraph as its own small page, and to wrap a paragraph around a figure. \layout Subsection Indented Paragraphs \layout Standard \pextra_type 1 \pextra_width 1cm This button in the upper left of the \family sans ExtraOpt \family default panel toggles indented paragraphs on/off and enables the \family sans Width \family default field to its right. This indents the entire left side of the paragraph by the dimension given in the width field ( \emph on \emph default 1cm). The right side is not touched. \layout Subsection Minipages \layout Standard LaTeX provides a mechanism to produce essentially a page within a page, called minipages. Within a minipage, all the usual rules of indentation, line wrapping, etc. \protected_separator apply. LyX also provides some of the minipage capability. \layout Standard To begin a minipage, simply change the paragraph layout by clicking on the \family sans Minipage \family default radio button. Then set the minipage width with either a length dimension or a column percentage in the \family sans Width \family default field. You may now check an alignment button: as there is place for several horizontal ly aligned minipages depending on the width of the individual minipages, you can specify how they should be vertically aligned with respect to each other. \layout Standard There are two further options for minipages. If you place two minipages side-by-side, you can insert a special instruction known in the LaTeX world as an \family typewriter hfill \family default to put a maximum amount of space between them; it forces one minipage to the left edge, the other to the right edge. Check this option for the second minipage, not the first. \layout Standard The second option is \family sans Start \protected_separator \protected_separator Minipage \family default : this option permits you to start a new minipage if you are placing two in a row. This implies that if a minipage paragraph did not have this checked, then it is part of the same minipage as the minipage-paragraph before it. Again, this applies to the second minipage only. \layout Standard Warning: if the minipage is too long to fit on a page, it is truncated, not wrapped onto the next page. \layout Standard \pextra_type 2 \pextra_alignment 0 \pextra_start_minipage 1 \pextra_width 1.5in This is a minipage which does not use hfill. This is the second sentence of a minipage which does not use hfill. \layout Standard \pextra_type 2 \pextra_alignment 0 \pextra_start_minipage 1 \pextra_width 1.5in This is a second minipage which does not use hfill. This is the second sentence of a second minipage which does not use hfill. \layout Standard \added_space_top medskip \added_space_bottom medskip Here is some normal text to separate the two examples. \layout Standard \pextra_type 2 \pextra_alignment 0 \pextra_hfill 1 \pextra_start_minipage 1 \pextra_width 1.5in This is a minipage which does use hfill. This is the second sentence of a minipage which does use hfill. \layout Standard \pextra_type 2 \pextra_alignment 0 \pextra_hfill 1 \pextra_start_minipage 1 \pextra_width 1.5in This is a second minipage which does use hfill. This is the second sentence of a second minipage which does use hfill. \layout Subsection Wrapping Text Around Figures \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:floatflt \end_inset \layout Standard \begin_float fig \layout Standard \align center \pextra_type 3 \pextra_widthp 50 \begin_inset Figure size 119 51 file mobius.eps width 4 40 flags 9 \end_inset \layout Caption This is a wrapped figure and this is the brilliant caption that describes \end_float A very frequently asked question is whether text can be made to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset around figures so that a figure occupies some fraction of the column width and text fills the rest. If you have the LaTeX package \family typewriter floatflt \family default installed (it is usually included in distributions like teTeX, or you can get it from CTAN) you can do this also using the \family sans ExtraOpt \family default panel. \layout Standard At right is a figure of a mobius strip—you should have already seen this in the \emph on User Guide \emph default To wrap the text like this, insert a figure float at the beginning of the paragraph, then insert the EPS file itself in the normal way. For this example, the figure has a width which is 40% of the total column width. Then, place the cursor at the left of the figure itself, select the \family sans Extraopt \family default button from the \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default aragraph \family default popup, mark the paragraph as \family sans floatflt \family default , and fill in the width (50% in this example). Remember that the width you select is the width which is reserved for the text, not the width of the figure. You still need to set the width in the EPS figure dialog, as 40% of page width in this case. The figure will always be on the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset outside \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset of a page; on the left side of an even numbered page, on the right side for an odd numbered page. Controls to force it to a specific side appear to not yet be implemented. See Section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:wrap \end_inset for ways to take full advantage of the \family typewriter floatflt \family default package. Note: this package is very fragile! For example, having a figure too close to the bottom of the page will mess things up, as will having two figures close together. Use this package sparingly and do read the documentation that came with \layout Section Extra Table Options \layout Standard While the standard table layout will suffice in 99% of all tables you generate, occasionally you will run into one which requires a bit of extra tweaking. The \family sans Extra \family default button in \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \family default \bar default will give you access to some extra column alignment parameters. A little bit of LaTeX background is useful here: when you set up a table in LaTeX, each column is given an alignment type. For example, you would give it \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for left-aligned, centered, and right-aligned columns respectively (which appear as the left/center/right radio buttons in LyX). A fourth type is \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , which will make a column of a specified width (the width box in LyX), and will wrap text within that box. A fifth type is \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (vertical bar) which rather than making a column will make a vertical rule at that point; this manifests itself in LyX as the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset borders \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset buttons. Finally, there is a type \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , which allows you to use whatever is enclosed in the accompanying braces as the column separator, including a null argument. The reasons for doing this may not be obvious, but they can be very powerful. They are best demonstrated by example. \layout Subsection Removing Extra Column Space \layout Standard Here is a standard table: \layout Standard \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable multicol5 3 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 "" "" 2 1 0 "" "" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" \newline Example \newline \newline Granite \newline Mineral \newline Quartz \layout Standard Notice that the horizontal rule extends a bit past the text on both sides. If you wanted the line to end even with the text, we can put a null separator on the ends to get rid of the bit of extra space LaTeX adds by default. Here is the example: \layout Standard \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable multicol5 3 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 "" "{ l" 2 1 0 "" "l {" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" \newline Example \newline \newline Granite \newline Mineral \newline Quartz \layout Standard In this case, the column specifier for the left column was set to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter { l \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , while the right column was set to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter l { \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , in order to put the null characters on the edges. \layout Subsection Changing the Column Separator Character \layout Standard Now suppose you really wanted, for reasons that are completely opaque, to use \begin_inset Formula \( \sqrt{\pi \) \end_inset with some space around it for the column separator. Simply turn off the vertical border, then set the right column specifier \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash sqrt{ \backslash pi$~ l \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset You could now make a table like this: \layout Standard \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable multicol5 3 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 "" "" 2 0 0 "" "{~$\sqrt{\pi$~l" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" \newline Example \newline \newline Granite \newline Mineral \newline Quartz \layout Subsection Making a Decimal Point Aligned Column \layout Standard Okay, that last example was very silly, but here is one that is not. Suppose you want to make a table that has a column which is aligned on a decimal point. A standard LaTeX trick to do this is to set the whole number part in a right-aligned column, use a decimal point for the column separator, then set the fractional part as a left-aligned column. A variation on this is to include the decimal point explicitly with the whole part, then use just a null separator in between. The latter variation is demonstrated here: \layout Standard \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable multicol5 5 3 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 "" "" 4 1 0 "" "" 8 0 0 "" "{ l" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 1 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" "" 2 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" Expression \newline Value \newline \begin_inset Formula \( \pi \) \end_inset \newline \newline \newline \begin_inset Formula \( \pi ^{\pi \) \end_inset \newline \newline \newline \begin_inset Formula \( (\pi ^{\pi )^{\pi \) \end_inset \newline 80663. \newline \newline \begin_inset Formula \( \pi ^{\pi ^{\pi \) \end_inset \newline \newline \begin_inset Formula \( \times 10^{18 \) \end_inset \layout Standard Though it appears a bit funny in LyX, on paper it will produce what appears to be a 2-column table in which the right column is aligned on the decimal point and the header appears to be centered over it. \layout Standard Perhaps it is best if I described just what I did: first, create a 3 \begin_inset Formula \( \times \) \end_inset 3 table and remove all the borders. Then re-add a bottom border to the top row, and a right border to the first column. Type in the values for the first column and set its alignment to \family sans center \family default Type in the \family typewriter \family default \family typewriter \family default \family typewriter 80663. \family default , and \family typewriter \family default and set that column’s alignment to \family sans right \family default Type in the \family typewriter \family default \family typewriter \family default , and \family typewriter \begin_inset Formula \( \times 10^{18 \) \end_inset \family default and set the extra column alignment to \family typewriter { l \family default Finally type in the word \family typewriter Value \family default in the middle column, highlight it and the blank entry to its right, and check the \family sans Special Cell \family default entry \family sans multicolumn \family default Easy, right? There is a LaTeX package called \family typewriter dcolumn.sty \family default which does a more sophisticated variation of this and which is included in most modern LaTeX distributions, but LyX does not currently easily interface to it, but check it out if this little trick does not prove adequate. \layout Section Itemize Bullet Selection \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:bullet \end_inset \layout Standard \noun on Allan Rae \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard LyX provides 216 bullet shapes that can be accessed from a simple popup. Using this popup you can easily specify what bullet shape to use at each level of an itemized list. These settings are document-wide so you won’t be able to specify different sets of bullets for different paragraphs \begin_float footnote \layout Standard Well, actually you can but you’ll have to do it by hand. \end_float \layout Subsection How it looks \layout Standard Open the popup by selecting the \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default ocument \family default menu item and then select the \family sans \bar under \bar default ullet \protected_separator Shapes \family default button or from the keyboard using \family sans M-l i \family default or the minibuffer with \family typewriter buffer-itemize-bullets-select \family default \layout Standard The popup provides you with a table of bullet shapes. A column of buttons on the left of the table provides access to the six different panels of bullet shapes. The row of buttons across the top is used to select which bullet depth you are changing. A text entry under the table shows the currently selected bullet shape’s LaTeX equivalent and this can be edited if desired. If you do modify the text you will also need to specify any needed packages in the LaTeX preamble. \layout Standard The six panels are divided up by the packages they require. The following table shows the mappings from button name to LaTeX packages. \layout Standard \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable multicol5 7 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 8 1 0 "" "" 8 1 1 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" Button \newline Packages Required \newline \family sans Standard \family default \newline base LaTeX \newline \family sans Maths \family default \newline \family typewriter amssymb.sty \family default \newline \family sans Ding1 \family default \newline \family typewriter pifont.sty \family default \newline \family sans Ding2 \family default \newline \family typewriter pifont.sty \family default \newline \family sans Ding3 \family default \newline \family typewriter pifont.sty \family default \newline \family sans Ding4 \family default \newline \family typewriter pifont.sty \layout Standard LyX doesn’t stop you using bullets from packages you don’t have. If you get errors from LaTeX when you try to view or print the file then its likely you are missing a package. LyX doesn’t restrict your use since you may be editing locally and exporting elsewhere. \layout Subsection How to use it \layout Standard Select which bullet depth you want to change then select the bullet shape and size. \family sans \family default Changes will not be visible in LyX, but are visible when viewing the document using xdvi or ghostview. \layout Standard You can reset a bullet shape to the default simply by clicking your right mouse button on the appropriate bullet depth button. \layout Standard If you \emph on really \emph default want to have multiple sets of paragraphs with different sets of bullets in each then you’re going to have to get your hands dirty. The itemize bullet selection popup can help though because it provides you with the LaTeX code for a wide range of bullet shapes. To make your own custom paragraphs you have the following options: \layout LaTeX \backslash \backslash savelabelitemi= \backslash labelitemi \layout LaTeX \backslash renewcommand \backslash labelitemi[0]{ \backslash small \backslash \backslash sharp \backslash \layout Itemize Use the LaTeX command \family typewriter \backslash renewcommand{{ \family default to specify a new bullet shape for a given depth. You’ll also need to save the current bullet shape so you can restore it again afterwards. In this itemized list the following LaTeX code was used to change the bullet used for the first depth. \newline \family typewriter \backslash \backslash savelabelitemi= \backslash labelitemi \family default \family typewriter \newline \backslash renewcommand \backslash labelitemi[0]{ \backslash small \backslash \backslash sharp \backslash \newline \family default Note that the itemize depth is specified in Roman numerals as part of the \family typewriter \backslash labelitem \family default command. \layout Itemize \latex latex \backslash \backslash \backslash \latex default Specify each individual entry by starting each item with the bullet shape enclosed in square brackets and set as TeX. For example, this item was started with \family typewriter \backslash \backslash \backslash \family default \layout Itemize Wait for LyX 1.2. The next stable release of LyX should have built-in support for specifying different bullet shapes for each itemized list. \layout LaTeX \backslash renewcommand \backslash labelitemi[0]{ \backslash savelabelitemi \layout Standard You’ll also need to revert the labelitem back to its previous setting for the global bullet shape settings to remain in effect. The way used here was: \newline \family typewriter \backslash renewcommand \backslash labelitemi[0]{ \backslash savelabelitemi \layout Chapter Special Document Classes \layout Section AMS Math \layout Standard \noun on David Johnson \layout Standard The AMS math layouts are set up to conform to suggested styles for mathematical papers to be submitted to American Mathematical Society publications. The layouts are not tailored to a specific journal, but easily can be. You should refer to the AMS documentation for specific instructions for each journal (usually it will entail only changing a single line in the TeX output). That documentation is available on the Web at \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.ams.org \end_inset or by ftp at \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/tex/amslatex/ \end_inset .These layouts are appropriate, and useful, for any mathematical writing. There are currently 4 distinct AMS-math layouts: \layout Enumerate amsart - The standard AMS-article format. All results and similar statements are numbered as \begin_inset Formula \( (n.m) \) \end_inset , where the first number refers to the section, and the second refers to the total number of results (Theorems, Corollaries, Propositions, Definitions and Remarks, etc.) in that section. There are also many (but not all) environments available unnumbered, which is occasionally needed. Unnumbered environments indicated by an asterisk at the end. \layout Enumerate amsart-seq - Here, numbering for each type of statement is in its own sequence, with no reference to the section number. There are also many (but not all) environments available unnumbered, which is occasionally needed. Unnumbered environments indicated by an asterisk at the end. \layout Enumerate amsbook - the standard AMS book (really, monograph) format. Numbering is similar to the amsart layout, except that all numbering is \begin_inset Formula \( (n,m,p) \) \end_inset , where the first number refers to the chapter, the second to the section, and the third is the number of the results (Theorems, Corollaries, Propositions , Definitions and Remarks, etc.) in that section. There are also many (but not all) environments available unnumbered, which is occasionally needed. Unnumbered environments indicated by an asterisk at the end. \layout Standard Any ams-* LyX file can be converted to either of the numbering schemes by simply changing the document class in the \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout- \bar under \bar default ocument \family default popup. \layout Subsection What these layouts provide \layout Standard There is a long list of included environments provided by these layouts. Most mathematical papers or books will set as special statements most of these environments, in AMS-LaTeX there is an opportunity to define an unlimited variety of such declarations. However, the AMS recommends the environments that are available in LyX. The list of environments (not counting the standard environments such as \family sans sections, bibliography, title, author, date \family default ), is: \layout Description Theorem This is typically used for the statements of major results. The word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans Theorem \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset appears in bold type, along with an automatically-determined number (an unnumbered version, \family sans Theorem* \family default , is also available). The text is italicized. \layout Description Corollary This is used for statements which follow fairly directly from previous statements. Again, these can be major results. Unnumbered version \family sans Corollary* \family default is available. \layout Description Lemma These are smaller results needed to prove other statements. \layout Description Proposition These are less major results which (hopefully) add to the general theory being discussed. \layout Description Conjecture These are statements provided without justification, which the author does not know how to prove, but which seem to be true (to the author, at least). \layout Description Criterion A required condition. \layout Description Algorithm A general procedure to be used. \layout Description Axiom This is a property or statement taken as true within the system being discussed. \layout Description Definition Guess what this is for. The font, both on-screen and in the output, is different for this environment than for the previous ones. The heading ( \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset definition \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) is still set in boldface, along with the number, if any, but the rest is set upright. \layout Description Example Typeset similarly to Definition. \layout Description Condition \layout Description Problem \layout Description Exercise \layout Description Remark This environment is also a new type of theorem. This is set with the word Remark in italics, and the rest upright. \layout Description Note Set similarly to the Remark environment. \layout Description Notation \layout Description Claim \layout Description Summary \layout Description Acknowledgement \layout Description Case Generally, these are used to break up long arguments, using specific instances of some condition. The numbering scheme for cases is on its own, not together with other numbered statements. \layout Description Conclusion \layout Description Fact \layout Description Proof The word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \shape italic Proof \shape default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is set in italics, but the rest is set upright. At the end of this environment (other environments can be nested within this one, of course) a QED symbol (usually a square, but it can vary with different styles) is placed. \layout Description Address This should be the author’s permanent address. \layout Description Current \protected_separator Address This should be the author’s temporary address at the time of submission, if different from the Address. \layout Description Email Author’s e-mail address \layout Description URL Author’s Web address, if desired. \layout Description Keywords Key words or phrases used to identify specific topics discussed in the paper. \layout Description Subjectclass These refer to the AMS Subject Classifications, published and described in \emph on Mathematical Reviews \emph default These are also available online at the AMS cites listed above. \layout Description Thanks \layout Description Dedicatory \layout Description Translator \layout Standard In addition, these environments automatically provide the AMS-LaTeX and AMS fonts packages. They need to be available on your system in order to use these environments. \layout Section Dinbrief \layout Standard The document class \family sans dinbrief \family default can be used to type letters according to German conventions. A template file is included in \family typewriter .../lyx/share/templates \family default for you to use as a starting point. \layout Section Iletter \layout Standard The document class \family sans iletter \family default can be used to type letters according to Italian conventions. It is not an existing LaTeX document class, but a new one which is distributed with LyX. A template file is included in \family typewriter .../lyx/share/templates \family default for you to use as a starting point. \layout Section Paper \layout Standard The document class \family sans paper \family default provides an alternative to the standard \family sans article \family default class. It provides similar functionality, but you might prefer this layout with sans serif sections, headings, and more. \layout Section A&A Paper \layout Standard \noun on Peter S tterlin \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard This section describes how LyX can be used to write articles for submission to the scientific journal \emph on Astronomy and Astrophysics \emph default and the accompanying \emph on Supplement Series \emph default using \emph on \emph default the document class \family typewriter aa.cls \family default from the Springer macro package. This package can be downloaded from Springer’s ftp site \layout Standard \added_space_top medskip \added_space_bottom medskip \align center \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{ftp://ftp.springer.de/pub/tex/latex/aa \end_inset \layout Standard A manual comes together with that package, and this text is not meant to replace the original manual but merely a short guide how to realize the correct form of your paper. \layout Subsection Getting started \layout Standard You start a new document by selecting \family sans \bar under \bar default ile\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default \family default \family sans \bar under \bar default ile\SpecialChar \menuseparator \protected_separator \protected_separator \bar under \bar default emplate. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard It is highly recomended to use template files. Either create one yourself, or ask the local system administrator to suply a site-wide version. An example template comes with the standard LyX distribution. \end_float \family sans \family default If you are not using a template, keep an eye to the following settings: \layout Itemize Select \family sans paper (A&A) \family default from the \family sans \bar under \bar default \family default entry in the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup (OK, that one was obvious). \layout Itemize Don’t change the option \family sans \bar under \bar default agestyle \family default : Leave it set to \family sans default \family default The whole layout is done by the macros, you shouldn’t change anything. \layout Itemize You may want to use the font \family sans Times \family default from the \family sans \bar under \bar default \family default option, as suggested by Springer to get a similar-to-print appearance of the text. \layout Subsection The header block \layout Standard First thing to enter is the header information. It consists of eight entries, of which some are optional. They are \layout Itemize \family sans Thesaurus \family default : [required]See the Springer manual for a description. \layout Itemize \family sans Title \family default : [required] \layout Itemize \family sans Subtitle \family default : [optional] \layout Itemize \family sans Author \family default : [required] \layout Itemize \family sans Address \family default : [required] \layout Itemize \family sans Offprints \family default : [optional] if more than one author: whom to contact for offprint requests. \layout Itemize \family sans Email \family default : [optional] email address for contacts. \layout Itemize \family sans \family default : [required]. Suggested format is \family typewriter Received: <date> / Accepted <date> \layout Standard There is no need to issue the \family typewriter \backslash maketitle \family default command, this is done automatically by LyX when the header is finished. Although the order of the single header entries doesn’t matter it is advised to keep the above sequence, just to get the best optics and meets the layout of the real document. \layout Standard If you want to place footnotes in the header block, e.g. to state your present address, just use the standard footnote via \family sans \bar under \bar default nsert\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default ootnote. \family default LyX will automagically use the term \family typewriter \backslash thanks{ \family default in that case. \layout Standard In addition to these topics, Springer uses two additional LaTeX commands that have no counterpart in LyX: \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash \family default to separate different names for more than one author and institute, respectivel \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash inst{<nr> \family default to mark corresponding author/institute pairs. The institutes are numbered sequentially as they appear in the \family sans Address \family default field, so you have to put a marker to each author. \layout Standard In both cases, the appropriate command has to be entered in LyX an marked as LaTeX code. See the examples. \layout Subsection The abstract \layout Standard The abstract should immediately follow the header block. The only special thing about the abstract environment is that it should contain an entry with the keywords. This is not yet implemented for LyX, therefore you have to enter the LaTeX command \family typewriter \backslash keywords{ \family default by hand and mark it as LaTeX code. Refer to the example paper. \layout Subsection Supported environments \layout Standard The A&A paper layout supports the following environments for structuring your text: \layout Itemize \family sans Standard \layout Itemize \family sans Section \layout Itemize \family sans Subsection \layout Itemize \family sans Subsubsection \layout Itemize \family sans Itemize \layout Itemize \family sans Enumerate \layout Itemize \family sans Description \layout Itemize \family sans Caption \layout Itemize \family sans Abstract \layout Itemize \family sans Acknowledgment \layout Itemize \family sans Bibliography \layout Itemize \family sans LaTeX \layout Subsection Commands not supported by LyX \layout Standard Some commands are not yet supported by the \family sans paper (A&A) \family default layout for LyX. Some have already been mentioned. For the sake of completeness, they are listed all together here: \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash appendix \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash authorrunning \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash inst{ \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash keywords{ \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash object{ \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash titlerunning{ \layout Standard If you want to use any of these commands, you have to enter them yourself. \series bold Do not forget to mark them as LaTeX code! \layout Subsection Figure and Table Floats \layout Standard LyX provides support for the necessary float environments \family sans figure, figure*, table \family default \family sans table* \family default , therefore we won’t tell much about it here. Refer to the \emph on User’s \protected_separator Guide \emph default Just remember that tables should be left-aligned. For that, select the table and change the alignment in \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default aragraph. \layout Standard There is \family sans \family default only one special thing: the figures with caption besides the figure. To create such a figure, you have to do the following: \layout Enumerate Create a wide figure float: \family sans \bar under \bar default nsert\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default ats\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default \protected_separator Figure \protected_separator Float \family default \family sans \layout Enumerate Enter your caption Text. \layout Enumerate Press \family sans Return \family default to move the cursor above the caption. \layout Enumerate Insert your (eps) figure \layout Enumerate Position the cursor behind the figure and insert a horizontal fill: \family sans \bar under \bar default nsert\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default pecial \protected_separator Characters \bar under \SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar default \family default \layout Enumerate Switch to LaTeX mode: \family sans \protected_separator \family default \layout Enumerate Enter \family typewriter \backslash parbox[b]{55mm{ \family default \series bold Do not close the brace! \layout Enumerate Position the cursor behind the caption text, switch to LaTeX mode and insert the closing brace: \family sans \protected_separator \family typewriter \family default \layout Standard Also, refer to the figures in the example paper. \layout Subsection Referee layout \layout Standard For submission, the paper has to be formated in a special double-spacing layout. For this purpose, you have to give the option \family typewriter referee \family default to the documentclass. This must be done using the \family sans \bar under \bar default \protected_separator Options \family default field in the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup. Just enter the string \family typewriter referee \family default there. \layout Subsection The example paper \layout Standard \family sans Examples \family default directory contains an example paper written with LyX. It is the example paper from the original Springer macro package, translated to LyX. Use it for inspiration, and compare the original LaTeX code with LyX way of writing. \layout Section AASTeX \layout Standard \noun on Mike Ressler \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard AASTeX is a set of macros produced by the American Astronomical Society to facilitate electronic manuscript submission to the three journals they publish: the Astrophysical Journal (including the Letters and Supplement), the Astronomical Journal, and the Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. LyX requires version 5.0 (or higher) of these macros. Versions prior to 5.0 are intended for use with LaTeX2.09 and are fundamentally incompatible with LyX. The AASTeX package may be downloaded from the AAS’s ftp site \layout Standard \added_space_top medskip \added_space_bottom medskip \align center \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{ftp://ftp.aas.org/pubs \end_inset \layout Standard A complete user guide is contained in that package and you should familiarize yourself with it thoroughly before embarking on writing a paper in LyX. LyX will not reduce the need to figure out all the AASTeX commands, it will only reduce the drudgery of typing everything in. It is your responsibility to ensure that the final exported LaTeX document conforms completely to the requirements of the journal to which you are submitting your paper. \layout Subsection Starting a New Paper \layout Standard I strongly suggest that you start with the AASTeX template file. Click on \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator New from template \family default , enter the new file name, then choose the \family typewriter aastex.lyx \family default template. This will show the most common fields found in a manuscript. Simply overwrite the existing text (including the brackets, \family typewriter \family default ) with the correct information. Many of the AASTeX commands and environments can be implemented directly in LyX, but some cannot: most noticeably \family typewriter \backslash altaffilmark \family default and \family typewriter \backslash altaffiltext \family default , which should stick out like a sore thumb if you actually just opened the template file. For commands such as these, the LaTeX code must be entered directly and marked as such. Such commands are referred to as ERT, or Evil Red Text. I tried to minimize the amount of ERT needed in an AASTeX document, but there is still more required than any of us would like. \layout Subsection Finishing Your Paper \layout Standard When the paper is finished to your satisfaction and previews/prints correctly, there are a few \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset postprocessing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset actions which need to be done before you submit it to the journals. \layout Enumerate Export your paper as a LaTeX file ( \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator as LateX \family default \layout Enumerate Edit the resulting \family typewriter \family default file with your favorite text editor \begin_deeper \layout Enumerate remove the comment lines before the \family typewriter \backslash documentclass \family default command \layout Enumerate remove the \family typewriter \backslash usepackage...{fontenc \family default line if it appears (usually just after \family typewriter \backslash documentclass \family default ; also remove the \family typewriter \backslash secnumdepth \family default line if it appears. \layout Enumerate remove everything between (and including) the \family typewriter \backslash makeatletter \family default and \family typewriter \backslash makeatother \family default commands, except for any commands you specifically put into the LaTeX preamble (which should appear immediately after the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset User specified LaTeX commands \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset comment in the \family typewriter \family default file). \layout Enumerate search for any \family typewriter \backslash figcaption \family default commands and replace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter FileName \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset with the correct, real file name. \layout Enumerate alter any \family typewriter \backslash \family default commands, if necessary (see section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{cite \end_inset below). \end_deeper \layout Enumerate Run the resulting file through LaTeX to make sure it still processes correctly. \layout Enumerate Reread the journal requirements to make sure your filenames and formats are correct. \layout Enumerate Submit it. \layout Subsection Comments On Specific Commands \layout Standard I will not describe the detailed usage of the individual AASTeX commands: the AASTeX User Guide ( \family typewriter aasguide.tex \family default ) gives a good description of each. Thus it’s probably easiest for me to go down the list as found in the guide and offer comments where necessary. So let’s begin \SpecialChar \ldots{ \layout Subsubsection Things that work as expected \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{sloppypar \layout Standard Because they work as you might expect, I simply list them and the section they are found in: \family typewriter \backslash documentclass \family default (2.1.1), \family typewriter \backslash begin{document \family default (2.2), \family typewriter \backslash title \family default (2.3), \family typewriter \backslash author \family default (2.3), \family typewriter \backslash affil \family default (2.3), \family typewriter \backslash abstract \family default (2.4), \family typewriter \backslash keywords \family default (2.5), \family typewriter \backslash section \family default (2.7), \family typewriter \backslash subsection \family default (2.7), \family typewriter \backslash subsubsection \family default (2.7), \family typewriter \backslash paragraph \family default (2.7), \family typewriter \backslash begin{displaymath \family default (2.11), \family typewriter \backslash begin{equation \family default (2.11), \family typewriter \backslash begin{eqnarray \family default (2.11), \family typewriter \backslash begin{mathletters \family default (2.11), \family typewriter \backslash begin{thebibliography \family default (2.12.1), \family typewriter \backslash bibitem \family default (2.12.2), \family typewriter \backslash begin{table \family default (2.14.4), \family typewriter \backslash begin{tabular \family default (2.14.4), \family typewriter \backslash caption \family default (2.14.4), \family typewriter \backslash label \family default (2.14.4, amongst other places), \family typewriter \backslash tablerefs \family default (2.14.5), \family typewriter \backslash tablecomments \family default (2.14.5), \family typewriter \backslash \family default (2.15.4), \family typewriter \backslash end{document \family default (2.16). \layout Standard The following style options also work correctly: \family typewriter preprint \family default \family typewriter preprint2 \family default \family typewriter eqsecnum \family default \family typewriter flushrt \family default (3, 3.1, 3.2). Simply put them in \family sans Extra Options \family default box in \family sans Layout\SpecialChar \menuseparator Document \family default \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{sloppypar \layout Subsubsection Things that work, but require more comment \layout Standard The following items work, but require a little more discussion: \layout Itemize These items are reserved for use by the journal editors, but you can put them into the LaTeX preamble if you feel compelled to do so: \family typewriter \backslash received \family default \family typewriter \backslash revised \family default \family typewriter \backslash accepted \family default \family typewriter \backslash \family default \family typewriter \backslash cpright \family default (all from 2.1.3) \layout Itemize These items may be placed in the LaTeX preamble, and are included as blanks in the template file: \family typewriter \backslash slugcomment \family default (2.1.4), \family typewriter \backslash shorttitle \family default (2.1.5), \family typewriter \backslash shortauthors \family default (2.1.5) \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash email \family default (2.3) – can only be used \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset standalone \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , not in the middle of a paragraph. Use ERT if you need to embed it. \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash \family default (2.3) – will have extra { after it. This should not cause an error. \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash notetoeditor \family default (2.6) – can only be used \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset standalone \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , not in the middle of a paragraph. Use ERT if you need to embed it. \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash placetable \family default (2.8) – can’t insert a cross-reference tag, you must type the tag name by hand \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash placefigure \family default (2.8) – same as for \family typewriter \backslash placetable \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash acknowledgements \family default (2.9) – will have extra { after it. This should not cause an error. \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash appendix \family default (2.10) – will have extra { after it. This should not cause an error. \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash figcaption \family default (2.13.2) – you will have to edit the optional argument by hand in the final LaTeX file. \layout Subsubsection Things not implemented, use ERT \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{sloppypar \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash altaffilmark \family default (2.3), \family typewriter \backslash altaffiltext \family default (2.3), \family typewriter \backslash eqnum \family default (2.11), \family typewriter \backslash setcounter{equation \family default (2.11), \family typewriter \backslash citet \family default (2.12), \family typewriter \backslash citep \family default (2.12), Journal name abbreviations (2.12.4), \family typewriter \backslash figurenum \family default (2.13.1), \family typewriter \backslash epsscale \family default (2.13.1), \family typewriter \backslash plotone \family default (2.13.1), \family typewriter \backslash plottwo \family default (2.13.1), \family typewriter \backslash tablenum \family default (2.14.4), \family typewriter \backslash tableline \family default (2.14.4, insert it as the first element in the lefthand cell after where you want it. Don’t use any of LyX’s rules in the table), \family typewriter \backslash tablenotemark \family default (2.14.5), \family typewriter \backslash tablenotetext \family default (2.14.5), most everything in Misc (2.15, except \family typewriter \backslash \family default and \family typewriter \backslash email \family default ; see above), \family typewriter \backslash singlespace \family default (3.1), \family typewriter \backslash doublespace \family default (3.1), \family typewriter \backslash onecolumn \family default (3.2), \family typewriter \backslash twocolumn \family default (3.2) \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{sloppypar \layout Subsubsection Things that cannot be implemented \layout Standard \SpecialChar \ldots{ at least in any meaningful sort of way, so I suggest ignoring them. They are the references environment (2.12.3), and the deluxetable environment (2.14). If you really, really need to use deluxetable, I suggest editing it in a separate file with a text editor, then using \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Include File \family default to include it in your LyX document. See the \family typewriter aas_sample.lyx \family default file to see an example of this. \layout Subsection FAQs, Tips, Tricks, and Other Ruminations \layout Subsubsection Getting LyX and AASTeX to cooperate \layout Standard It can be a bit tricky to get LyX to recognize a new layout and document class. When all else fails, do this: \layout Enumerate Make certain that LaTeX can find AASTeX. Copy sample.tex (and perhaps table.tex) from the AASTeX distribution into a directory completely unrelated to LaTeX or AASTeX and run LaTeX on \family typewriter sample.tex \family default \layout Enumerate Make certain that \family typewriter aastex.layout \family default appears in \family typewriter /usr/.../share/lyx/layouts \family default \family typewriter ~/.lyx/layouts \family default \layout Enumerate Rerun \family sans Options\SpecialChar \menuseparator Reconfigure \family default in LyX, then restart LyX. \layout Enumerate Open a regular new file, not from a template. Does AASTeX appear in \family sans Layout\SpecialChar \menuseparator Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator Class \family default \layout Standard If you get a warning from an existing AASTeX document about not being able to find the AASTeX layout or a message about \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset You should not mix title layouts with normal ones \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , things haven’t been installed correctly. \layout Subsubsection LaTeX error processing a table \layout Standard LyX, by default, attempts to center the table caption/title. This seems to produce a bad interaction in AASTeX so you should click somewhere in the caption/title, then select \family sans Layout\SpecialChar \menuseparator Paragraph \family default , then set the \family sans Alignment \family default \family sans Block \family default This took care of it for me. \layout Subsubsection References \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{cite \end_inset \layout Standard A few things: 1) I have noticed some funny spacing in the reference entries in the text. When you enter the bibliography item data, make sure their is \emph on \emph default space between the last author and the parenthesis setting off the year; \emph on \emph default \family typewriter Ressler(1992) \family default , not \family typewriter Ressler (1992) \family default 2) I am really unhappy that I can’t make \family typewriter \backslash citet \family default and \family typewriter \backslash citep \family default more automatic, but that would require changes to the LyX source code. For now you can do one of two things: a) enter all your citations using the built-in \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Citation Reference \family default mechanism; at least you can take advantage of the automatic insertions. Then edit the exported LaTeX file by hand changing the \family typewriter \backslash \family default entries to the appropriate \family typewriter \backslash citet \family default \family typewriter \backslash citep \family default commands before you submit it ( \family typewriter \backslash \family default is currently equivalent to \family typewriter \backslash citet \family default , so you wouldn’t necessarily have to change those). Or b) you can simply enter all your citations as ERT using the same key for the argument that you used in the bibliography popup, \emph on \emph default \family typewriter \backslash citet{key \family default Neither choice is pleasant, but until LyX’s citation mechanism understands \family typewriter natbib \family default , we’ll have to put up with it. 3) Entering the references at all is not obvious. The easiest thing is to start typing your first reference at the end of the document, then mark it as type \family sans References \family default That will put a small gray box in front of what you just typed. Click on the box to fill in the rest of the information. For new references, go to the end of an existing reference and press return. That will create a new line with its own box, etc. \layout Subsubsection Including EPS files \layout Standard With all due respect to Chris Biemesderfer and the others who have helped to write the AASTeX package, the figure handling mechanism smells really foul. You can insert the \family typewriter \backslash plotone \family default , etc. commands as ERT into a Figure Float box, but I never have much luck getting the layout right. My advice would be to avoid all EPS inclusions in the manuscript you submit to the journal, but then use the standard LyX EPS file inclusion mechanism when you want to make your nicer looking preprints. LyX will insert a \family typewriter \backslash usepackage{graphics \family default command into the LaTeX preamble and handle the figures in the standard LaTeX2e way. Anyone who attempts to print your AASTeX 5.0 manuscript must have a LaTeX2e installation anyway, so why not take advantage of the infinitely better graphics handling mechanism? If they complain about LaTeX2e or the graphics package, point out that it appears in the second edition of Lamport (1994), so it was time to upgrade five years ago. \layout Subsubsection Things I could have done, but didn’t \layout Standard There are a few \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset pretty \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset things I could have implemented, but chose not to. For instance, I saw no point in double-spacing the text in the LyX window, even though it is double-spaced in the paper manuscript. Also, I chose not to make separate layouts for the preprint and preprint2 styles. Since I assume you will spend most of your time in the plain manuscript mode anyway, I decided not to chew up more disk space with this. If you feel strongly that I should make such layouts, I will adhere to the spirit of the rules laid out by the Mudgeeraba Creek Emu-Riding and Boomerang-Throwing Association: \layout Quotation \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Decisions of the judges will be final unless shouted down by a really overwhelmi ng majority of the crowd present. Abusive and obscene language may not be used by contestants when addressing members of the judging panel, or, conversely, by members of the judging panel when addressing contestants (unless struck by a boomerang). \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Subsection Final Caveat \layout Standard To mangle the infamous quote by Donald Knuth about a computer algorithm, \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset I have only proved this to be correct, I have not actually tried it. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset I believe following the above procedures will produce an acceptable AASTeX document, but as of this writing (July 25, 1999), I have not yet submitted a paper using it. Hopefully in the next few weeks \SpecialChar \ldots{ \layout Section Koma-Script \layout Standard \noun on Bernd Rellermeyer \layout Subsection Overview \layout Standard The LyX document classes \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default \emph on report (koma-script) \emph default \emph on \emph default \emph on (koma-script) \emph default , and \emph on letter \emph default \emph on (koma-script) \emph default correspond to the LaTeX document classes \family typewriter scrartcl.cls \family default \family typewriter scrreprt.cls \family default \family typewriter scrbook.cls \family default , and. \family typewriter scrlettr.cls \family default , resp. of the Koma-Script family. They are replacements for the standard document classes \family typewriter article.cls \family default \family typewriter report.cls \family default \family typewriter book.cls \family default , and \family typewriter letter.cls \family default , resp., and fit better to European typography conventions in a number of points. \layout Itemize Standard character size is 11pt in \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default \emph on report (koma-script) \emph default , and \emph on book (koma-script) \emph default , and 12pt in \emph on letter (koma-script) \emph default \layout Itemize Headings, labels of the description environment, and a number of elements of the \emph on letter (koma-script) \emph default document class are set in a bold sans serif font. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard There is a big difference between the bold sans serif old cm fonts and new ec fonts, especially in the appearance of headings. In comparison, the ec bold sans serif fonts look a bit thin. Here the LaTeX package \family typewriter cmsd.sty by \family default \shape smallcaps Walter Schmidt \shape default helps to produce the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset usual \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset appearance when using the ec fonts. \end_float The numbering of chapter headings is made in the same way as the numbering of section headings, that is without the extra line \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Chapter\SpecialChar \ldots{ \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset In addition, the appearance of the headings can be modified by using a number of options (in LyX to be entered in the field \family sans \bar under \bar default \protected_separator Options \family default of the popup \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default ocument \family default A detailed German description of these options can be found in the Koma-Script documentation \emph on scrguide \emph default \layout Itemize The main means in the Koma-Script document classes to design the type area are the options \family sans \family default and \family sans \family default (in LyX to be entered in the field \family sans \bar under \bar default \protected_separator Options \family default of the popup \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default ocument \family default They make a clearer modification of page margins possible as do the options of the popup \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default ocument \family default A detailed German description of these and other type area options can be found in the Koma-Script documentation \emph on scrguide \emph default \layout Itemize The LaTeX document classes of the Koma-Script family define a number of additional commands. Those part of it which makes sense in LyX is implemented in corresponding paragraph types. \layout Standard A detailed German description of the LaTeX document classes of the Koma-Script family can be found in the Koma-Script documentation \emph on scrguide \emph default \begin_float footnote \layout Standard There is an English translation \emph on screnggu \emph default , but it is not a complete one. \end_float The following sections describe only those aspects, which are relevant in LyX. \layout Subsection article (koma-script), report (koma-script), and book (koma-script) \layout Standard The document classes \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default \emph on report (koma-script) \emph default , and \emph on \emph default \emph on (koma-script) \emph default are implemented in the layout files \family typewriter scrartcl.layout \family default \family typewriter scrreprt.layout \family default , and \family typewriter scrbook.layout \family default , resp. They contain all the paragraph types of the corresponding standard document classes \emph on article \emph default \emph on report \emph default , and \emph on \emph default , resp., partly modified, with the exception of the LyX specific \family sans \family default -type, which is replaced by the new \family sans Labeling \family default -type having the same functionality. Beside the \family sans Labeling \family default -Type there is a number of new paragraph types added. They are \emph on \emph default part of \emph on letter (koma-script) \emph default \layout Itemize \family sans Addchap \family default \family sans Addsec \family default : are equivalents to \family sans Chapter* \family default and \family sans Section* \family default , resp., additionally inserting an entry in the table of contents. \family sans Addchap \family default is not contained in \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default \layout Itemize \family sans Addchap* \family default \family sans Addsec* \family default : behave exactly as \family sans Addchap \family default and \family sans Addsec \family default , resp., additionally clearing running heads. \family sans Addchap* \family default is not contained in \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default \layout Itemize \family sans Minisec \family default : generates a heading directly above the following paragraph in the standard character size without affecting the structure of the document. \layout Standard The following types, together with the standard types \family sans Title \family default \family sans Author \family default , and \family sans \family default , form the title area of the document. They must be entered ahead of the first \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ordinary \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset paragraph. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard The corresponding LaTeX commands must appear before the \family typewriter \backslash maketitle \family default command. \end_float When such a type is used more than once, the latter usage overwrites the former one, that means, for every type only the latest usage is valid. The order of the different types however has, like \family sans Title \family default \family sans Author \family default , and \family sans \family default , no effect on the appearance of the produced document. \layout Itemize \family sans Subject \family default : produces a centered paragraph above the ordinary title ( \family sans Title \family default \family sans Author \family default \family sans \family default ) for the subject of the document. \layout Itemize \family sans Publishers \family default : produces a centered paragraph below the ordinary title ( \family sans Title \family default \family sans Author \family default \family sans \family default ) for the publishers’ name. \layout Itemize \family sans Dedication \family default : in \emph on report (koma-script) \emph default and \emph on book (koma-script) \emph default produces a centered paragraph on its own page behind the title page, or \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default produces a centered paragraph below the ordinary title ( \family sans Title \family default \family sans Author \family default \family sans \family default \family sans Publishers \family default ) for a dedication. \layout Itemize \family sans Titlehead \family default : produces a left aligned paragraph above the ordinary title ( \family sans Title \family default \family sans Author \family default \family sans \family default \family sans Subject \family default ) for a document‘s head. \layout Itemize \family sans Uppertitleback \family default : produces in a double-sided print in \emph on report (koma-script) \emph default and \emph on book (koma-script) \emph default a left-aligned paragraph at the bottom of the title page‘s back or has no effect in a single-sided print or in \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default \layout Itemize \family sans Lowertitleback \family default : produces in a double-sided print in \emph on report (koma-script) \emph default and \emph on book (koma-script) \emph default a left-aligned paragraph at the top of the title page‘s back or has no effect in a single-sided print or in \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default \layout Itemize \family sans Extratitle \family default : produces a special \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset dirty \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset page ahead of the actual document containing a paragraph without special formatting. \layout Standard The layout files for the document classes \emph on article (koma-script) \emph default \emph on report (koma-script) \emph default , and \emph on book (koma-script) \emph default do include the file \family typewriter scrmacros.inc \family default This is thought of as a place to define your own types. Copy s \family typewriter crmacros.inc \family default in your personal layout directory and edit the file! \layout Subsection letter (koma-script) \layout Standard The document class \emph on letter (koma-script) \emph default is implemented in the layout file \family typewriter scrlettr.layout \family default It contains all the paragraph types of the corresponding standard document class \emph on letter \emph default , partly modified, with the exception of the LyX specific types \family sans LyX-Code \family default and \family sans Comment \family default and the \family sans \family default type, which is replaced by the new \family sans Labeling \family default type. In addition, it contains, in contrast to the standard document class, the standard types \family sans LaTeX \family default \family sans Quotation \family default \family sans Quote \family default , and \family sans Verse \family default Furthermore, there are a number of new letter specific types. \layout Standard The appearance of the letter produced by this document class can be controlled by a number of LaTeX commands (in LyX to be entered in \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default \protected_separator Preamble \family default \begin_float footnote \layout Standard For example, the standard appearance of the letter‘s heading, consisting of name and address, is quite self-willed. \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ordinary \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset heading is produced by the following LaTeX commands in the preamble: \layout LyX-Code \backslash firsthead{ \backslash parbox[b]{ \backslash textwidth \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator \protected_separator \backslash ignorespaces \protected_separator \backslash fromname \backslash \backslash \protected_separator \backslash ignorespaces \protected_separator \backslash fromaddress \layout LyX-Code \backslash nexthead{ \backslash parbox[b]{ \backslash textwidth \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator \protected_separator \backslash ignorespaces \protected_separator \backslash fromname \protected_separator \backslash hfill \protected_separator \backslash ignorespaces \protected_separator \backslash pagename \backslash \protected_separator \backslash thepage \end_float A detailed German description of such LaTeX commands can be found in the Koma-Script documentation \emph on scrguide \emph default With it, the letter’s author can produce his personal letter layout. \layout Standard The types \family sans Letter \family default \family sans Opening \family default define the beginning of the letter and must be used in every letter. To emphasize them in the LyX document class, they are marked with the letter \shape italic \shape default \shape italic \shape default , resp. in the left margin. It is possible to write any number of letters in one file. \family sans Opening \family default type produces a new letter using the same addressee and a \family sans Letter \family default type produces a new addressee. The types \family sans Closing \family default \family sans \family default \family sans \family default , and \family sans \family default are ordinary paragraph types and can also be used several times in one and the same letter. \layout Itemize \family sans Letter \family default : produces a paragraph for the addressee and implicitly defines the beginning of the letter. \layout Itemize \family sans Opening \family default : produces a paragraph for the form of address and implicitly produces a new letter. \layout Itemize \family sans Closing \family default : produces a paragraph for a close. \layout Itemize \family sans \family default : produces a paragraph for a postscript. \layout Itemize \family sans \family default : produces a paragraph for a distribution list. \layout Itemize \family sans \family default : produces a paragraph for enclosures. \layout Standard The types \family sans \family default \family sans Signature \family default \family sans Address \family default \family sans Telephone \family default \family sans Place \family default \family sans Backaddress \family default \family sans Specialmail \family default \family sans Location \family default \family sans Title \family default , and \family sans Subject \family default are input types provided with a label to enter information, which will be processed by the document class. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard It could be seen as a matter of inconsequence, that the types \family sans Letter \family default and \family sans Opening \family default described above are not such input types as well. Because of the special meaning of those types, however, I have implemented them as ordinary paragraph types with a one letter mark in the left margin. Moreover, it would affect my feeling of symmetry, if the \family sans Opening \family default type and the \family sans Closing \family default type had such a serious different appearance. \end_float The types must be used ahead of the corresponding \family sans Opening \family default type. \layout Standard An implementation of these types in a WYSIWYG fashion does not seem to make sense, because the real appearance of the produced letter does not only depend on the usage of the particular type, but also on other factors. For example, a signature entered in the \family sans Signature \family default type will in the standard behavior appear in the produced letter only, when in the same letter also a \family sans Closing \family default type is used. The entered value of the \family sans Telephone \family default type will in the standard behavior not appear in the produced letter at all. The possibility to design the letter‘s heading freely is already indicated in a footnote above. \layout Standard The input types can also be used as empty paragraphs. This makes sense e. \protected_separator for the \family sans Signature \family default type. If the \family sans Signature \family default type is not used at all, in the standard behavior the value of the \family sans \family default type is used as signature, whereas if an empty \family sans Signature \family default type is used, no signature value is defined. \layout Standard By using the input types it is possible to write a letter template, containing filled input types with your personal dates (name, address, etc.) and empty input types for other dates you want to enter. \layout Itemize \family sans \family default : sender’s name, in the standard behavior appears as a centered paragraph in small caps in the letter‘s heading. \layout Itemize \family sans Signature \family default : sender’s signature, in the standard behavior appears below the \family sans Closing \family default type. If no \family sans Signature \family default type is used, the value of the \family sans \family default type appears instead. \layout Itemize \family sans Address \family default : sender’s address, in the standard behavior appears in a centered paragraph in the letter‘s heading below the sender’s name. \layout Itemize \family sans Telephone \family default : sender’s telephone number, in the standard behavior only sets the LaTeX variable \family typewriter \backslash telephonenum \family default \layout Itemize \family sans Place \family default : place of the letter‘s making. \layout Itemize \family sans \family default : date of the letter‘s making. \family sans Place \family default and \family sans \family default , in the standard behavior, produce the place and the date in a right-aligned line below the addressee’s field. If an empty \family sans \family default type is used, neither place nor date appear, independent of the value of the \family sans Place \family default type. If no \family sans \family default type is used, the date of the letter ‘s production is used. \layout Itemize \family sans Backaddress \family default : sender‘s back address, in the standard behavior appears above the addressee’s field in a small sans serif font. \layout Itemize \family sans Specialmail \family default : special mail information, in the standard behavior appears underlined above the addressee’s field below the back address. \layout Itemize \family sans Location \family default : additional information, in the standard behavior appears on right side below the addressee‘s field. \layout Itemize \family sans Title \family default : the letter’s title, in the standard behavior appears in a big, bold, sans serif font above the subject. \layout Itemize \family sans Subject \family default : the letter’s subject, in the standard behavior appears in a bold font above the \family sans Opening \family default paragraph. \layout Standard The types \family sans Yourref \family default \family sans Yourmail \family default \family sans Myref \family default \family sans Customer \family default , and \family sans Invoice \family default produce a business letter like line above the \family sans Title \family default line containing the fields \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Your ref. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Your letter of \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Our ref. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Customer no. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Invoice no. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset For the date field, the value of the \family sans \family default type is used. If one of these \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset business letter types \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is used, the value of the \family sans Place \family default type however does not appear, but only the LaTeX variable \family typewriter \backslash fromplace \family default is set. The ordinary output of place and date in a right-aligned line below the addressee‘s field is suppressed. The types are implemented as input types provided with a label and must be used ahead of the corresponding \family sans Opening \family default type. \layout Itemize \family sans Yourref \family default : Your ref. \layout Itemize \family sans Yourmail \family default : Your letter of. \layout Itemize \family sans Myref \family default : Our ref. \layout Itemize \family sans Customer \family default : Customer no. \layout Itemize \family sans Invoice \family default : Invoice no. \layout Subsection Problems \layout Standard Visualizing the Koma-Script document classes in LyX, the LyX internals cause some problems. \layout Itemize The chapter number of a \family sans Chapter \family default type appears on a line of its own above the chapter heading instead of appearing in the same line ahead of it. The cause for that is the LyX internal behavior for the labeltype \family sans Counter_Chapter \family default in the layout file. \layout Itemize The headings of the types \family sans Addchap \family default and \family sans Addsec \family default are only put in the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset LaTeX table of contents, but not in the LyX table of contents ( \family sans \bar under \bar default dit\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default \protected_separator \protected_separator Contents \family default \layout Itemize The paragraphs in a \emph on letter \emph default document class appear in a skip separation mode, not indented. This is the standard behavior, no special LaTeX commands are needed for that. But in the \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default ocument \family default popup the corresponding radio button indicates \family sans \bar under \bar default ndent \family default \family sans \bar under \bar default \family default value always has the effect that extra LaTeX commands are inserted in the document to produce the gap, which is not what is wanted in this case. \layout Section Springer two-column Journals ( \family sans ejour2 \family default \layout Standard \noun on Martin Vermeer \layout Subsection Description \layout Standard These are the class and layout files for the two-column journal format used by Springer Verlag. It is reasonably well tested only for the Journal of Geodesy. Install the files in the proper directories, reconfigure LaTeX (in the teTeX case by running texhash), reconfigure LyX and it should work. \layout Standard If you want a reference list conforming to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset (author, year) \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset rather than numbered entries, put the \family typewriter \family default option in the documentclass options list. Then, you can refer to an entry by putting the name and year within red LaTeX brackets, so it looks like \layout Description \series medium \series default \latex latex \latex default Murphy, 1879 \latex latex \latex default The luck of the Irish. Journal of Irreproducible Results. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard Here I did not use a real bibliography entry, since it would come out bad in the book style of this documentation. Note that the braces do not show up in the printed version of this document. \end_float \layout Subsection Credits \layout Standard These files were originally made on the basis of an older style file for LaTeX 2.09 found on the Springer Verlag web site. \layout Standard I have asked Springer for permission to publish this modified style file, or alternatively, asked them to post it on their web site – after necessary improvements. \layout Standard As I received no response, I must assume that Springer have *abandoned* the package – which was provided free – and that I am free to adopt it. If any representative from Springer reads this: drop me a line! \layout Subsection \layout Standard A remaining bug is that (Author,year) with the \family typewriter \family default option only works in English i.e. without using Babel. There may be more. \layout Section Slides [aka \noun on \noun default TeX] \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:slitex \end_inset \layout Standard \noun on John Weiss \noun default \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard This section describes how to use LyX to make slides for overhead projectors. There are two document classes that can do this: the default slides class and the \family sans \family default TeX slides class. This section documents the former. \layout Standard I’m going to say this again, nice and clear, so that there’s no misunderstanding \layout Standard \added_space_top bigskip \added_space_bottom bigskip \align center \size large This section documents the class \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides (default) \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \emph on only. \layout Standard If you’re looking for the documentation for \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides (FoilTeX) \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , check out section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:foiltex \end_inset The \family sans foils \family default class [ \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides (FoilTeX) \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ] is actually somewhat better than the default \family sans slides \family default class, \begin_float footnote \layout Standard \SpecialChar \ldots{ or so I’ve been told repeatedly by its advocates. Having never used it, I have no idea if this claim is true or not. \end_float which this section documents. \layout Standard This class is the LaTeX2e improvement of the old \noun on \noun default TeX package. Every LaTeX2e distribution includes this class [which I’ll just refer to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset from now on], so you’re bound to have it. As I noted earlier, there are other classes, such as \family sans foils \family default , which also produce slides for overhead projectors and do a better job at it. However, there are some things which \family sans slides \family default can do which the others can’t, such as generate overlays. Read on to learn more! \layout Subsection Getting Started \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:slidesetup \end_inset \layout Standard Obviously, to use this document class, you need to select \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides (default) \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset from the \family sans \bar under \bar default \family default entry in the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup. There are some other special things you should know about this class: \layout Itemize Don’t bother changing the options \family sans Sides and Columns \family default on the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup. They’re not supported by the \family sans slides \family default class, anyways. \layout Itemize \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup option \family sans \bar under \bar default agestyle \family default behaves a bit differently for this class. The possible choices and what they do are as follows: \begin_deeper \layout Description \family sans plain \family default The final output contains page numbers in the lower right corner. \layout Description \family sans headings \family default Like \family sans plain \family default , but also prints out any time markers you’ve put in. This is the default. \layout Description \family sans empty \family default The final output contains no page numbers, time markers, or alignment markers. \end_deeper \layout Itemize \family sans slides \family default class has an extra option: \family typewriter clock \family default To use it, put \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter clock \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in the \family sans \bar under \bar default \protected_separator Options \family default box on the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup. \begin_deeper \layout Standard Using this options allows you to add time markers to \family sans \family default See section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:slideNote \end_inset for more details. \end_deeper \layout Standard You can also use the template file \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter slides.lyx \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to automatically set up a document to use the \family sans slides \family default class [using \family sans \bar under \bar default ile\SpecialChar \menuseparator \protected_separator \protected_separator \bar under \bar default emplate \family default to open your new document]. The template file also contains some examples of the special paragraph environments used by this class. I’ll describe those next. \layout Subsection Paragraph Environments \layout Subsubsection Supported Environments \layout Standard The first thing you’ll notice when you start up a new \family sans slides \family default document is the font size and type: it’s the equivalent of the size \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans Largest \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in the \family sans \protected_separator Serif \family default font. This is also what’s used in the output. Think of this as a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset visual cue \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to remind you that this is a slide. Your final slides will use a larger font; ergo, you’ll have less space. Of course, the larger default screen font isn’t WYSIWYG, only a reminder. \layout Standard The next thing that becomes obvious is the changes to the paragraph environment pull-down box [at the far-left end of the toolbar]. Most of the paragraph environments you’re used to seeing are missing. There are also four new ones. That’s because the \family sans slides \family default class itself only supports certain paragraph environments: \layout Itemize \family sans Standard \layout Itemize \family sans Itemize \layout Itemize \family sans Enumerate \layout Itemize \family sans Description \layout Itemize \family sans \layout Itemize \family sans LaTeX \layout Itemize \family sans Quotation \layout Itemize \family sans Quote \layout Itemize \family sans Verse \layout Itemize \family sans Caption \layout Itemize \family sans LyX-Code \layout Itemize \family sans Comment \layout Standard All of the other standard environments, including the section-heading environmen ts, aren’t used in the \family sans slides \family default class. \layout Standard On the other hand, you’ll notice the following new environments: \begin_float footnote \layout Standard In prior versions of this class, there was the mandatory \family sans EndAllSlides \family default paragraph environment. \family sans EndAllSlides \family default is deprecated; it will convert to a \family sans Comment \family default You should probably remove it. \end_float \layout Itemize \family sans Slide \layout Itemize \family sans Overlay \layout Itemize \family sans \layout Itemize \family sans InvisibleText \layout Itemize \family sans VisibleText \layout Standard These five are kind of quirky, due to a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset feature \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in LyX. You see, LyX doesn’t permit you to nest any other paragraph environment into an empty environment. Now, that’s fine and dandy, but it means that you wouldn’t be able to start a slide with anything except plain text. To deal with this, I’ve performed a little \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset LaTeX magic. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Subsubsection Quirks of the New Environments \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:slideQuirk \end_inset \layout Standard All five of the new paragraph environments are somewhat quirky due to inherent limitiations in the current version of LyX. As I just mentioned, LyX forbids environments that begin with another environme To get around this, the \family sans Slide \family default environment isn’t a paragraph environment as described in the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default \layout Standard You should consider \family sans Slide \family default \family sans Overlay \family default , and \family sans \family default to be \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset pseudo-environments. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset They look like a section heading or a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans Caption \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset but really begin a [and, if necessary, end the previous] paragraph environment. Likewise, treat \family sans InvisibleText \family default and \family sans VisibleText \family default \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset pseudo-commands. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset These two perform some action. \layout Standard A common feature of all five environments, \family sans Slide \family default \family sans Overlay \family default \family sans \family default \family sans InvisibleText \family default and \family sans VisibleText \family default , is a rather long-ish label. The text following this label — ordinarily the contents of the paragraph environment — is utterly irrelevant for \family sans Slide \family default \family sans Overlay \family default \family sans \family default \family sans InvisibleText \family default and \family sans VisibleText \family default LyX completely ignores it. In fact, you can leave these five environments completely empty. \layout Standard While you don’t \emph on \emph default to put any text after the rather long-ish label, you might want to. This could be a short description of the contents of the \family sans Slide \family default , for example. In that case, enter in your descriptive comment and hit \family sans Return \family default as you normally would. \layout Standard If, on the other hand, you don’t want to enter in any descriptive text, you’ll hit another LyX quirk. LyX, like nature, abhors a vacuum, and will not let you start a new paragraph environment until you put something in the old one. So, do this: \layout Itemize Start entering the text that will \emph on follow \emph default the new \family sans Slide \family default \family sans Overlay \family default \family sans \family default \family sans InvisibleText \family default \family sans VisibleText \family default \layout Itemize Now move to the beginning of that paragraph. \layout Itemize Next, hit \family sans Return \family default \layout Itemize Finally, change this new, empty paragraph to a \family sans Slide \family default \family sans Overlay \family default \family sans \family default \family sans InvisibleText \family default \family sans VisibleText \family default \layout Standard Some future version of LyX will, hopefully, resolve this quirkiness\SpecialChar \ldots{ \layout Subsection Making a Presentation with \family sans Slide \family default \family sans Overlay \family default and \family sans \layout Subsubsection Using the \family sans Slide \family default Environment \layout Standard If you’re expecting this section to teach you how to actually make a presentatio n, you’ll be sorely disappointed. Naturally, I’ll describe all of the ways the \family sans slides \family default class can assist you in preparing the materials for a presentation. Filling in the contents, however, is up to you. [Then again, that \emph on \emph default the LyX philosophy.] \layout Standard Choosing the \family sans Slide \family default environment [in the manner described in section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:slideQuirk \end_inset ] tells LyX to begin a new slide [duh]. The label for this environment/ \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset pseudo-command \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is an \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ASCII line, \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in cool blue, followed by the label, \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset NewSlide: \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset Any text or paragraph environments that follow this one go on the new slide. It’s that simple. \layout Standard Slides are probably the only time you’ll need to forcibly end pages in LyX. In fact, you’ll want to, once you finish entering the contents of one slide. If you’ve entered more text than can physically fit on a slide, the extra overflows onto a new slide. I don’t recommend doing this, however, since the overflow slide won’t have any page number on it. Furthermore, it may interfere with any \family sans Overlay \family default you’ve made to accompany the oversized \family sans Slide \family default \layout Standard \family sans Overlay \family default and \family sans \family default environments work the same way as the \family sans Slide \family default environment. They both create an \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ASCII line \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset followed by a label [ \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset NewOverlay: \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset NewNote: \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , respectively]. The color is a stunning magenta instead of blue, and the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ASCII line \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset will look different, in style and in length. The label fonts of all three also differ from one another. \layout Standard As with a \family sans Slide \family default , if the contents of a \family sans \family default \family sans Overlay \family default exceed the physical size of a slide or sheet of paper, the extra will overflow onto a new sheet. Again, you should avoid this. It defeats the whole purpose of \family sans \family default s and \family sans Overlay \family default \layout Subsubsection Using \family sans Overlay \family default with \family sans Slide \layout Standard The idea behind an \family sans Overlay \family default is a slide that sits atop another slide. Perhaps you wish to discuss a figure on the main \family sans Slide \family default before displaying the text associated with it. One way to accomplish this is tape a flap of dark paper over the part of the \family sans Slide \family default you want to display later. This method fails, however, if you wish to overlap one graph with another, for example. You would then have to fumble while speaking to align the two separate, overlapping \family sans Slide \family default s to align the two graphs. The use of an \family sans Overlay \family default environment in both cases makes life much easier. \layout Standard Each \family sans Overlay \family default receives the page number of its \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset parent \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \family sans Slide \family default , appended by \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_float footnote \layout Standard Presumably, mutliple \family sans Overlay \family default s would have \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , etc. \protected_separator appended to the page number of the parent \family sans Slide \family default \end_float Clearly, you want the contents of both the \family sans Slide \family default and the \family sans Overlay \family default to each fit on a single physical slide! You should probably consider an \family sans Overlay \family default \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset part of \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \family sans Slide \family default Indeed, the LyX \family sans slides \family default class provides a visual cue for this: the label at the start of an \family sans Overlay \family default is shorter than that at the start of a \family sans Slide \family default Lastly, when you generate printable output, you’ll find alignment markers in all four corners of both the \family sans Overlay \family default page and its parent \family sans Slide \family default These will assist you in lining up the two physical slides. \layout Standard The major problem in overlaying two slides is aligning the contents of the two transparencies. How much space should you leave for that graph on the second slide? Worse still, what if you want a graph and a sentence on second slide, but there is text on the main transparency that goes in between them? You could try and insert vertical space of the right size. The better way is to use \family sans InvisibleText \family default and \family sans VisibleText \family default \layout Standard As their names imply, \family sans InvisibleText \family default and \family sans VisibleText \family default are two command-like paragraph environments that make all subsequent text invisible and visible, respectively. Note from section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:slideQuirk \end_inset that you don’t place anything \emph on \emph default these two environments, however. When you create an \family sans InvisibleText \family default , it inserts a centered, sky-blue label into the page reading \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset <Invisible Text Follows> \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset For paragraphs following this label, the parts of the \family sans Slide \family default [or \family sans Overlay \family default ; it doesn’t matter which] where they would be contain instead blank space. \layout Standard \family sans VisibleText \family default , the corresponding centered label is \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset <Visible Text Follows> \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in blazing green. Paragraphs following this label behave normally. Note that the beginning of a new \family sans Slide \family default \family sans Overlay \family default , or \family sans \family default automatically shuts off an \family sans InvisibleText \family default It’s therefore not necessary to use \family sans VisibleText \family default at the end of a \family sans Slide \family default \layout Standard By now, it should be obvious how to create overlay transparencies using the proper combination of \family sans InvisibleText \family default and \family sans VisibleText \family default on a \family sans Slide \family default and \family sans Overlay \family default \layout Enumerate Create a \family sans Slide \family default , including everything that will appear on it, whether on the main slide or on the \family sans Overlay \family default \layout Enumerate Before each figure or paragraph that will appear only on the \family sans Overlay \family default , insert an \family sans InvisibleText \family default environment. If necessary, insert a \family sans VisibleText \family default environment after the \family sans Overlay \family default -only text. \layout Enumerate Start an \family sans Overlay \family default immediately following the \family sans Slide \family default \layout Enumerate Copy the contents of this \family sans Slide \family default into the \family sans Overlay \family default \layout Enumerate Within the \family sans Overlay \family default , change all of the \family sans InvisibleText \family default lines to \family sans VisibleText \family default and vice-versa. \layout Standard That’s it. You’ve just made an \family sans Overlay \family default \layout Standard There’s one problem with the way I’ve designed the LyX \family sans slides \family default class: you can’t make text in the middle of a paragraph invisible, nor make text in the middle of an invisible paragraph visible again. To accomplish this feat, you’ll need to use some inlined LaTeX codes. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard The commands of interest are: \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash invisible \SpecialChar \ldots{ \layout Itemize \family typewriter \backslash visible \SpecialChar \ldots{ \layout Standard \SpecialChar \ldots{ and need to be marked as TeX. The text whose \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset visibility \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset you wish to change goes in between the brackets [and after the \family typewriter \backslash invisible \family default \family typewriter \backslash visible \family default command]. If you don’t know how to mark text as TeX, see the apprpriate section of the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default \end_float \layout Subsubsection Using \family sans \family default with \family sans Slide \family default \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:slideNote \end_inset \layout Standard Like an \family sans Overlay \family default \family sans \family default is associated with a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset parent \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \family sans Slide \family default Here, too, the LyX \family sans slides \family default class provides visual cues. The label for a \family sans \family default is shorter than that of a \family sans Slide \family default [yet longer than that of an \family sans Overlay \family default ] and, like the label of an \family sans Overlay \family default is shockingly magenta. Additionally, the printed \family sans \family default has the page number of its \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset parent \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \family sans Slide \family default , appended by \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , etc. You can have multiple \family sans \family default s associated with a single \family sans Slide \family default , and, as with \family sans Slide \family default and \family sans Overlay \family default , you’ll probably want to break up long \family sans \family default s so that they fit on a single sheet of paper. \layout Standard The purpose of a \family sans \family default is obvious: it contains anything additional you might want to say about \family sans Slide \family default It could also be used as a sheet of reminders for a particular \family sans Slide \family default In the case of the latter, you might want to make use of time markers. Currently, the LyX \family sans slides \family default class has no \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset native \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset support for time markers, a \noun on \noun default TeX feature. So, you’ll have to resort to using the LaTeX codes. \layout Standard To use time markers, you’ll need to specify the extra class option \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter clock \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset [see section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:slidesetup \end_inset This option turns on timing marks, which will appear in the lower-left-hand corner of every \family sans \family default you generate. To set what appears in the time marker, you use the LaTeX commands \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash settime{ \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash addtime{ \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset The arguments of both commands are time measured in seconds. \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash settime{ \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset sets the time marker to a given time. \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash addtime{ \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset increments the time marker by the specified amount. Using time markers and \family sans \family default s in this fashion, you can remind yourself how much time to spend on a particula \family sans Slide \family default \layout Standard There’s one last feature to describe. Clearly, you’d like to print out all of your \family sans Slide \family default s and \family sans Overlay \family default s on transparencies while printing all of your \family sans \family default s on plain paper. However, a \family sans \family default \emph on \emph default follow the \family sans Slide \family default with which it is associated. What’s a person to do? \layout Standard Luckily, there are two LaTeX commands that allow you to select what to print out. Both must be placed into the preamble of your document. The command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash onlyslides{ \backslash slides \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset will cause the output to contain only the \family sans Slide \family default s and \family sans Overlay \family default Correspondingly, the command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash onlynotes{ \backslash notes \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset prevents the output of anything but \family sans \family default I’d advise placing both commands in the preamble and initially comment both out. You can then preview your entire presentation as you write. When you’re done writing, you can then uncomment one of the two to select what you want to print. I like to uncomment \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash onlyslides{ \backslash slides \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , print to a file with \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter -slides \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in its name, comment it back out, then uncomment \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash onlynotes{ \backslash notes \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and print to a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter *-notes.ps \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset file. I can then send either file to a printer, loading transparencies or plain paper as appropriate. \layout Standard You can also provide other arguments to the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash onlyslides{ \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash onlynotes{ \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset commands. See a good LaTeX book for details. \layout Subsection \family sans slides \family default Class Template File \layout Standard I have also provided a template file, \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter slides.lyx \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , with the \family sans slides \family default class. To use it, begin your new presentation with \family sans \bar under \bar default \begin_inset Formula \( \rightarrow \) \end_inset \protected_separator \protected_separator \bar under \bar default emplate \family default Your new LyX presentation file will contain an example \family sans Slide \family default \family sans Overlay \family default \family sans Note \family default triplet. The \family sans Slide \family default and \family sans Overlay \family default additionally contain an example of the use of \family sans InvisibleText \family default and \family sans VisibleText \family default Lastly, the preamble will contain: \layout LyX-Code % Uncomment to print out only slides and overlays \layout LyX-Code \layout LyX-Code \backslash onlyslides{ \backslash slides \newline \protected_separator \layout LyX-Code % Uncomment to print out only notes \layout LyX-Code \layout LyX-Code \backslash onlynotes{ \backslash notes \layout Standard One final thing: I created this class to support the LaTeX2e \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \noun on \noun default TeX emulation \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset class, one of the built-in LaTeX2e classes. Neither I nor the rest of the LyX Team endorse or oppose the use of this built-in slide class. It’s here if you want it or need it. There exist other LaTeX2e classes for creating presentations, such as the \family sans Foils \family default class [see section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:foiltex \end_inset ] or the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter seminar \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset package [present on some TeX distributions]. The latter is not yet supported under LyX. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard Perhaps you can take on the task\SpecialChar \ldots{ \end_float I know nothing about these other classes. Try them out to see what sort of alternative they provide. \layout Section Foils [aka \family sans \family default \noun on \noun default \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:foiltex \end_inset \layout Standard \noun on Allan Rae \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard This section describes how to use LyX to make slides for overhead projectors. There are two document classes that can do this: the default slides class and the \family sans \family default TeX slides class. This section documents the latter. \layout Standard I’m going to say this again, nice and clear, so that there’s no misunderstanding \layout Standard \added_space_top bigskip \added_space_bottom bigskip \align center \size large This section documents the class \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides (FoilTeX) \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \emph on only. \layout Standard If you’re looking for the documentation for \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides (default) \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , check out section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:slitex \end_inset If your machine doesn’t have the \family sans foils \family default class [ \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides (FoilTeX) \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ] installed, you’ll probably have to use the default \family sans slides \family default class, which isn’t quite as good as \family sans foils. \layout Standard \family sans foils \family default class is designed for use with version 2.1 of the \family sans foils.cls \family default LaTeX class file which is now an integral part of LaTeX2e. \layout Subsection Getting Started \layout Standard Obviously, to use this document class, you need to select \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans slides (FoilTeX) \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset from the \family sans \bar under \bar default \family default entry in the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup. There are some settings in the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup that you should know about that are specific to this class: \layout Itemize Don’t change the options \family sans Sides \family default and \family sans Columns \family default on the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup. They’re ignored by the \family sans foils \family default class. \layout Itemize The default font size is 20pt with the other options being 17pt, 25pt and 30pt. \layout Itemize The default font is \family sans \family default \family sans serif \family default but all math equations are still typeset in the usual roman font. \layout Itemize \family sans \family default TeX supports A4 and Letter paper sizes as well as a special size for working with 35mm slides. It doesn’t support A5, B5, legal or executive paper sizes. \layout Itemize Don’t bother changing the \family sans Float Placement \family default settings because they are ignored anyway. All floats appear where they are defined in the text. \layout Itemize \family sans \bar under \bar default agestyle \family default setting behaves a bit differently for this class. \family sans \family default TeX provides extensive footer and header capabilities including a user-defined logo. See section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:foilfoot \end_inset for more details. The title page is treated differently to all other pages in the document and is \emph on always \emph default unnumbered and \emph on always \emph default has the logo centered at the bottom of the page (if one is defined). The possible page style choices and what they do are as follows: \begin_deeper \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMM \family sans \series bold empty \family default \series default The final output contains no page numbers, or other headers or footers (except footnotes of course). \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMM \family sans \series bold plain \family default \series default The final output contains page numbers centered at the bottom of the page. No other headings or footers (other than footnotes). \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMM \series bold foilheadings \series default Page numbers in lower right corner. Additional headers and footers are also shown. This is also the default. \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMM \series bold fancy \series default Gives you access to the \family sans fancyheadings \family default package although its use with \family sans \family default TeX is discouraged by the writer of the \family sans \family default TeX package because of some potential page layout clashes. \end_deeper \layout Subsubsection Extra Options \layout Standard The following options may be used in the \family sans Extra \protected_separator Options \family default box of the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup. \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMx \series bold 35mmSlide \series default This sets up the page layout for 7.33in. by 11in. paper, which is about the same aspect ratio as a 35mm slide, making it a bit easier to work with this medium. \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMx \series bold headrule \series default Places a rule across the page below the header on every page except the title page. \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMx \series bold footrule \series default Places a rule across the page above the footer on every page except the title page. \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMx \series bold dvips \series default This is automatically set each time you create a new \family sans foils \family default document. This option tells \family sans \family default TeX to use the dvips driver to rotate those pages that are set as landscape foils. \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMx \series bold landscape \series default Simply changes the page dimensions to those of a landscape page but doesn’t do any rotation. Thus if you use this option you need to use an external program to rotate each page or feed your paper through your printer as landscape. Note that this option effectively reverses the roles of the \family sans Foilhead \family default and \family sans Rotatefoilhead \family default environments (don’t worry these are described in the next section). \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMx \series bold leqno \series default Equation numbers on the left. \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMx \series bold fleqn \series default Flush-left equations. \layout Subsection Supported Environments \layout Standard Most of the environments commonly supported in other classes are also supported by the \family sans foils \family default class. There are several additional environments provided by \family sans \family default TeX as well as a couple added by LyX. The following environments are shared with other classes: \layout LaTeX \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Itemize \family sans Standard \layout Itemize \family sans Itemize \layout Itemize \family sans Enumerate \layout Itemize \family sans Description \layout Itemize \family sans \layout Itemize \family sans LaTeX \layout Itemize \family sans LyX-Code \layout Itemize \family sans Verse \layout Itemize \family sans Quote \layout Itemize \family sans Quotation \layout Itemize \family sans Title \layout Itemize \family sans Author \layout Itemize \family sans \layout Itemize \family sans Abstract \layout Itemize \family sans Bibliography \layout Itemize \family sans Address \layout Itemize \family sans RightAddress \layout Itemize \family sans Caption \layout Itemize \family sans Comment \layout LaTeX \backslash end{multicols \layout Standard That is, all the major environments apart from the sectioning environments. Since foils are essentially self-contained sections, with a title and body, \family sans \family default TeX provides specific commands for starting new foils and these are: \layout Itemize \family sans Foilhead \layout Itemize \family sans Rotatefoilhead \layout Standard LyX also provides slightly modified versions of these two environments called: \layout Itemize \family sans ShortFoilhead \layout Itemize \family sans ShortRotatefoilhead \layout Standard and the differences will be explained in the next section. \layout Standard Since foils are often used in presenting ideas or new theorems and such \family sans \family default TeX also provides a comprehensive box of goodies for presenting them: \layout LaTeX \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Itemize \family sans Theorem \layout Itemize \family sans Lemma \layout Itemize \family sans Corollary \layout Itemize \family sans Proposition \layout Itemize \family sans Definition \layout Itemize \family sans Proof \layout Itemize \family sans Theorem* \layout Itemize \family sans Lemma* \layout Itemize \family sans Corollary* \layout Itemize \family sans Proposition* \layout Itemize \family sans Definition* \layout LaTeX \backslash end{multicols \layout Standard The starred versions are unnumbered while the unstarred versions are numbered. There are also two list environments added by LyX and these are: \layout Itemize \family sans TickList \layout Itemize \family sans CrossList \layout Standard There are also a few commands provided by \family sans \family default TeX that aren’t directly supported by LyX but I’ll tell you what they do and how to use them in section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:unsuppfoils \end_inset \layout Subsection Building a Set of Foils \layout Standard This section will give a simple introduction to using the different environments to build a set of foils. If you want to see an example set of foils take a look at the \family typewriter Foils.lyx \family default file accessible from the \family sans \bar under \bar default ile\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default pen\SpecialChar \ldots{ \family default popup under the \family sans Examples \family default button. \layout Subsubsection Give It a Title Page \layout Standard Unlike other classes that provide \family sans Title \family default \family sans Author \family default \family sans \family default and \family sans Abstract \family default environments, \family sans foils \family default creates the title on a page of its own. If you leave out the \family sans \family default environment LaTeX will substitute the current date (every time you regenerate the output). \layout Subsubsection Start a New Foil \layout Standard As I mentioned earlier, there are four ways of starting a new foil. For portrait foils you should use \family sans Foilhead \family default \family sans ShortFoilhead. \family default The difference between these two environments is the amount of space between the title of the foil (the foilhead) and the body of the foil. \layout Standard Landscape foils are generated using the \family sans Rotatefoilhead \family default and \family sans ShortRotatefoilhead \family default environments. Again the only difference is the spacing between foilhead and body. Both of the short versions have 0.5 inches less separation between the foilhead and the body. \layout Standard One problem with the support for landscape foils is the requirement that you have to use the \family typewriter dvips \family default driver to generate the PostScript output otherwise the foils won’t be rotated. It is possible to get landscape foils even if you haven’t got the \family typewriter dvips \family default driver provided you can feed your foils sideways through your printer ;-) \layout Subsubsection Theorems, Lemmas, Proofs and more \layout Standard Due to a small bug in LyX you can’t have two of the same type of these environme nts directly following each other. They must be separated by something. If you try, you will just be extending the previous environment as if you had merged the two environments together. So, how do you get around this problem? The simplest option is to insert some text between the two environments or add a \family sans LaTeX \family default environment between the two with just a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in it. This will force LyX to produce two separate environments and hence the correct LaTeX output. An example is provided in the example file included with the LyX distribution. Remember, this problem only occurs if you are trying to place two of the same type of theorem-like environments one directly after the other. \layout Subsubsection Lists \layout Standard You get all the commonly supported list styles found in other classes as well as two new ones. I’ll only describe the new ones here. If you want to find out more about the other list environments check out the \emph on User’s Guide. \emph default If you intend to use itemized lists you might also want to read about the \family sans Itemize \protected_separator Bullet \protected_separator Selection \family default popup described above in section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:bullet \end_inset \layout Standard The two new list styles, \family sans TickList \family default \family sans CrossList \family default , are designed to make it easier for you to create lists of do’s and don’ts or right and wrong by providing dedicated environments that use a tick or a cross as the label of the list. These lists are in fact dedicated variants of the \family sans Itemize \family default environment. They do however require that you have the \family typewriter psnfss \family default packages installed. \layout Subsubsection Figures and Tables \layout Standard \family sans \family default TeX redefines the floating tables and figures so that they appear exactly where they are in the text rather than pushing them to the top of the page or to some user specified location. In fact if you change the float placement settings they are simply ignored. \layout Subsection Unsupported \family sans \family default TeX Goodies \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:unsuppfoils \end_inset \layout Standard All the commands mentioned below need to be set in a \family sans LaTeX \family default environment or as \family sans \family default within another environment. \layout Subsubsection Lengths \layout Standard All lengths are adjusted using the \family typewriter \backslash setlength{ \family default \emph on lengthname \family typewriter \emph default \family default \emph on newlength \family typewriter \emph default \family default command. Where \emph on lengthname \emph default should be replaced by the name given to the length you want to change and \emph on newlength \emph default is the length value. All lengths should be specified in units of length such as inches ( \family typewriter \family default ), millimeters ( \family typewriter \family default ) or points ( \family typewriter \family default ) or relative to some document or font-based length such as \family typewriter \backslash textwidth \family default \layout Standard It’s possible to change the spacing between a foilhead and the body of the foil by adjusting the length specified by \family typewriter \backslash foilheadskip \family default For example, to make \emph on \emph default foilheads 0.5 inches closer to their bodies put the following in the preamble: \family typewriter \backslash setlength{ \backslash foilheadskip{-0.5in \layout Standard The spacings around floats can be adjusted by setting these lengths: \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash abovefloatskip \family default Separation between the text and the top of the float \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash abovecaptionskip \family default Separation between the float and the caption \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash belowcaptionskip \family default Separation between the caption and the following text \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash captionwidth \family default You can make the captions narrower than the surrounding text by adjusting this length. Best done relative to \family typewriter \backslash textwidth \family default \layout Standard There are also several title page related lengths that you may find useful if you have a long title or several authors: \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash abovetitleskip \family default Separation from headers to \family sans Title \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash titleauthorskip \family default between \family sans Title \family default and \family sans Author \family default environments \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash authorauthorskip \family default between multiple \family sans Author \family default lines \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash authordateskip \family default between the \family sans Author \family default and the \family sans \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash dateabstractskip \family default between the \family sans \family default and the \family sans Abstract \layout Standard The last length related command affects all the list environments. If you place \family typewriter \backslash zerolistvertdimens \family default \emph on inside \emph default a list environment then all the vertical spacing between the list items is removed. Note that this is a command not a length so it doesn’t require \family typewriter \backslash setlength \family default like the stuff mentioned above. \layout Subsubsection Headers and Footers \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:foilfoot \end_inset \layout Standard \family sans \family default TeX provides some powerful header and footer capabilities that are best set in the preamble although they may be set at any point in a document. If you want to change these settings in your document the best place to do so is at the very top of a foil, \emph on \emph default straight after the foilhead. \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash MyLogo{ \family default and \family typewriter \backslash Restriction{ \family default are two commands used to control the left-footer. The first is meant to allow you to include a graphic logo on your foils and defaults to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -Typeset by \family sans \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset While the second is meant to provide a classification for the audience, \emph on \emph default Confidential. It is empty by default. \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash LogoOn \family default and \family typewriter \backslash LogoOff \family default commands control whether the logo in the \family typewriter \backslash MyLogo \family default definition appear on a given page. If you put \family typewriter \backslash LogoOff \family default in the preamble then none of the foils will have the logo on them. If you don’t want the logo on a particular page place the \family typewriter \backslash LogoOff \family default directly after the foilhead of that page and the \family typewriter \backslash LogoOn \family default directly after the next foilhead. \layout Standard The remaining corners are controlled by: \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash rightfooter{ \family default which defaults to page numbers \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash rightheader{ \family default the top right corner \layout List \labelwidthstring MMMMMMMMM \family typewriter \backslash leftheader{ \family default the top left corner \layout Standard If you decide to use the \family sans fancy \family default page style setting in the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup you should probably add \family typewriter \backslash \backslash headwidth \backslash textwidth \family default to your preamble so headers and footers on landscape pages are correctly placed when rotated. This is due to some clashes between the page layouts provided by the \family sans fancyheadings \family default package and the \family sans foils \family default class. \layout Section Latex8 (IEEE Conference Papers) \layout Standard \noun on Allan Rae \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard Since this class is specifically for writing submissions to IEEE sponsored conferences I strongly recommend that you get a copy of their Authors Kit. The \family sans latex.sty \family default package and associated bibliography style file is included in the kit. The Authors Kit is usually sent out by email once your initial submission has been accepted. There is a lot of useful information in the Authors Kit explaining formatting restrictions and so on and I will assume you have read this since that means I don’t have to repeat it all here. \layout Subsection Getting Started \layout Standard more to come] \layout Subsection Supported Environments \layout LaTeX \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Itemize Standard \layout Itemize Title \layout Itemize Author \layout Itemize E-mail \layout Itemize Affiliation \layout Itemize Abstract \layout Itemize Section \layout Itemize SubSection \layout Itemize Caption \layout LaTeX \backslash end{multicols \layout Subsection Differences Between Screen and Paper \layout Standard There are slight differences in appearance mainly with the presentation of section counters. On screen the trailing period of the section counter is missing but it will appear in the output so don’t let this worry you. \layout Section Hollywood (Hollywood spec scripts) \layout Standard \shape smallcaps Garst Reese \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard Getting the format of a Hollywood script right is a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset rite of passage. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset It is designed to make the readers focus on content and to be easy and familiar for the actors to read. Each page of a script should be one minute of film. Nothing goes in a script that you cannot see or hear on screen. The courier 12 pt font should be used throughout. No italics. \layout Subsection Special problems \layout Standard Always preview the script to find where to insert page breaks. Speakers’ lines should NEVER break in mid-sentence. If a speaker’s lines continue over a page break, repeat the \family sans Speaker \family default title followed by (Cont’d). \layout Subsection Special features \layout Standard Insert the \family sans Speaker \family default names as labels then cross-reference the label to insert the name. The cross-reference pop-up will show the current cast of characters. You can use this to insert the speaker name in narratives also. \layout Subsection Paper size and Margins \layout Standard USLetter, left 1.6in, right 0.75in, top 0.5in, bottom 0.75in \layout Subsection Environments \layout Standard The following environments are available. You can use hollywood.bind to get the bind keys shown at the right. \layout Itemize \family sans Standard \newline \family default Used where nothing else works. Try to avoid it. \layout Itemize \family sans FADE_IN \family default \hfill \family sans M-z S-I \family default \newline Usually followed by something like \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset on Sally waking up. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Itemize \family sans \hfill M-z i \newline \family default Introduces a new INTERIOR camera set-up. Always followed by DAY or NIGHT, or something similar to define the lighting required. Everthing on this line in CAPS. \layout Itemize \family sans \hfill M-z e \newline \family default Introduces a new EXTERIOR camera set-up. Everthing on this line in CAPS. \layout Itemize \family sans Speaker \hfill M-z s \newline \family default The character speaking. \layout Itemize \family sans Parenthetical \hfill M-z p \newline \family default Instructions to the speaker. The () are automatically inserted, but only the ( will show in LyX. Both will be printed. \layout Itemize \family sans Dialogue \hfill M-z d \newline \family default What the \family sans Speaker \family default says. \layout Itemize \family sans Transition \hfill M-z t \newline \family default Camera movement instuction. e.g. CUT TO: \layout Itemize \family sans FADE OUT: \hfill M-z S-I \layout Itemize \family sans Author \hfill M-z S-A \layout Itemize \family sans Title \hfill M-z S-T \layout Itemize \family sans Right_Address \hfill M-z r \layout Subsection Script jargon \layout Itemize (O.S) — off screen \layout Itemize (V.0) — voice over \layout Itemize — background \layout Itemize — close-up \layout Itemize PAN — camera movement \layout Itemize INSERT — cut to close-up of \layout Section Broadway \layout Standard \shape smallcaps Garst Reese \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard Broadway is for writing plays. The format is more decorative than Hollywood, and much less standardized. This format should be suitable for workshops. \layout Subsection Special problems \layout Standard The same as in Hollywood. \layout Subsection Special features \layout Standard Insert the \family sans Speaker \family default names as labels then cross-reference the label to insert the name. The cross-reference pop-up will show the current cast of characters. \layout Subsection Paper size and Margins \layout Standard USLetter, left 1.6in, right 0.75in, top 0.5in, bottom 0.75in \layout Subsection Environments \layout Standard The following environments are available. You can use broadway.bind to get the bind keys shown at the right. \layout Itemize \family sans Standard \newline \family default You should not have to use this, but it is here for anything that does not fit otherwise. \layout Itemize \family sans Narrative \hfill M-z n \newline \family default Used to describe stage setting and the action. First use of speaker names in all CAPs. \layout Itemize \family sans \hfill M-z a \newline \family default Automatically numbered. On screen it will be arabic, but will print as Roman. \layout Itemize \family sans \hfill M-z S at \newline \family default Subtitle for \family sans \family default It is just centered text. \layout Itemize \family sans SCENE \hfill M-z S-S \newline \family default Not automatically numbered. You supply the number. This is because I couldn’t figure out how. \layout Itemize \family sans AT_RISE: \hfill M-z S-R \newline \family default A special case of Narrative to describe the setting and action as the curtain rises. \layout Itemize \family sans Speaker \hfill M-z s \newline \family default The speaker’s (actor’s) title, centered in all CAPS. \layout Itemize \family sans Parenthetical \hfill M-z p \newline \family default Instructions to the speaker. The parentheses are automatically inserted. The ( will appear on screen, but both will be in the printed play. This environment is only used within \family sans Dialogue \family default \layout Itemize \family sans Dialogue \hfill M-z d \newline \family default What the Speaker says. \layout Itemize \family sans CURTAIN \hfill M-z S-C \newline \family default The curtain comes down. \layout Itemize \family sans Title \hfill M-z S-T \layout Itemize \family sans Author \hfill M-z S-A \layout Itemize \family sans Right_Address \hfill M-z r \layout Standard Hello there. \layout Section RevTeX4 \layout Standard \family sans Revtex \protected_separator \family default textclass works with the American Physical Sociey’s RevTeX 4.0 (the \begin_inset Formula \( \beta \) \end_inset release of May, 1999) class. \layout Standard LyX has a \family sans Revtex \family default textclass, which works with RevTeX 3.1. However, v3.1 is basically obsolete, as it works with LaTeX 2.09. That means that it doesn’t interact very well with LyX, which requires LaTeX2e, although it has been kludged to work. Since RevTeX 4.0 has been designed to work much more cleanly with LaTeX2e, LyX with the \family sans RevTeX \protected_separator \family default textclass should also be pretty easy to use. \layout Standard These documents are supposed to be used in \emph on addition \emph default to the RevTeX 4.0 documents, so we don’t describe any of the special RevTeX macros, and assume you’ll know what to put in the preamble if necessary. \layout Subsection Installation \layout Standard All you need to do is install RevTeX 4, as described in the package’s README file. the package can be found at \begin_inset LatexCommand \url[The RevTeX 4 Web Site]{http://publish.aps.org/revtex4/ \end_inset Install it somewhere that LaTeX can see it. Test it by trying to LaTeX a short RevTeX 4 document in some random directory (i.e., not the directory where you installed the class file.) Then, if you reconfigure LyX, it will find the class file and let you use the RevTeX4 textclass. \layout Standard Probably the easiest way to get started is either to import a RevTeX 4 document using \family typewriter reLyX \family default , or to use the \family sans Revtex \protected_separator \family default template, found in the templates directory. \layout Subsection Preamble Matter \layout Standard Optional arguments to \family typewriter \backslash documentclass \family default , like \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preprint \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , go in the \family sans \bar under \bar default \protected_separator Options \family default field in the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup, as usual. Remember that in RevTeX, at least one optional argument is required! \layout Standard Other preamble matter, like \family typewriter \backslash draft \family default etc. goes in the \family sans Latex \protected_separator Preamble \family default popup, also as usual. \layout Subsection Layouts \layout Standard The layouts basically correspond to the commands in RevTeX4.0. For example, the Email layout corresponds to \family typewriter \backslash email{ \family default Note that (at least as of RevTeX 4.0 Beta), the \family sans Address \family default and \family sans Affiliation \family default layouts are exactly equivalent, so you shouldn’t need to use both. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard In case you’re curious, both were included so that \family typewriter reLyX \family default would be able to translate both \family typewriter \backslash address \family default and \family typewriter \backslash affiliation \family default \end_float \layout Subsection Important Notes \layout Standard There are a couple of important unique aspects of RevTeX 4 which might cause bugs that will be even more confusing in LyX. \layout Standard In RevTeX, the \family typewriter \backslash thanks \family default command goes \emph on outside \emph default the \family typewriter \backslash author \family default command. The LyX equivalent is that there is a separate Thanks layout. \emph on \emph default write footnotes in the \family sans Author \family default layout, or weird things may happen. See the RevTeX 4 documentation for more details. \layout Standard Also, the \family sans Author \protected_separator Email \family default \family sans Author \protected_separator \family default , and \family sans Thanks \family default layouts must be placed \emph on in between \emph default the \family sans Author \family default layout and the corresponding \family sans Address \family default (or equivalent \family sans Affiliation \family default ) layout. If you put the \family sans Thanks \family default after the \family sans Address \family default , the LaTeX won’t compile. \layout Subsection Drawbacks \layout Standard The main problem with this layout is that you can’t use the optional arguments to layouts like Email and Title. (The problem is not unique to this layout; in LyX 1.0, you can’t use optional arguments to the Section layouts.) This means that after you export that file to LaTeX (which you’ll need to do eventually to send it in to APS), you’ll need to edit the LaTeX file with a text editor to add the optional arguments to set, e.g., the running title for the page headers. Lacking these layouts makes the \family typewriter \backslash altaffiliation \family default (and the equivalent \family typewriter \backslash altaddress \family default ) useless, so the corresponding layouts don’t exist, and will have to be added by hand. This drawback will be fixed in LyX 1.2. \layout Chapter LyX Features Requiring Additional Software \layout Section Using LyX with SGML-Tools (aka LinuxDoc) \layout Standard \noun on Paul Evans \layout Subsection Overview \layout Standard LinuxDoc is a document class available in LyX. You can use it to produce documents in the so-called Standardized General Mark-up Language (SGML) in the particular format used by the Linux Documentatio n Project. That is obviously helpful if you are contributing to that project. You can use the SGML format with the \family typewriter sgml-tools \family default package of scripts and programs (to produce other formats, including Latex, HTML, plain text, man pages and\SpecialChar \ldots{ You may therefore prefer to use this document class if you want to write something that can be easily translated into other formats. \layout Standard You will find that LinuxDoc has fewer layout options than the other text classes in LyX. This is mainly so that the translations into other formats have a chance of making some sense. In this section we describe: \layout Itemize how to setup and use a document in LinuxDoc \layout Itemize how to use the tags in LinuxDoc to layout your document \layout Itemize how to use the SGML packages to produce the various formats \layout Itemize how to sort out some problems. \layout Subsection Preparing and using a LinuxDoc document \layout Subsubsection Getting started \layout Standard You start by selecting the LinuxDoc class using the \family sans Document \protected_separator Layout \family default popup. \family sans \family default Then you will find that there are fewer paragraph environments than for most other classes. You can see them on the pull down box on the left of the tool bar. How to use them is described in section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:sgmlparas \end_inset \layout Standard \emph on \emph default enter a title for the document, followed by an author, marking each with the appropriate paragraph environment. If you don’t do this, you will get errors when you try to print the file. You can then enter the date and an abstract. The document proper must start with a Section paragraph environment rather than any standard layout. \layout Standard After that you can prepare a document as usual using the available range of paragraph environments. See section \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:sgmlparas \end_inset for the full list and their uses. \layout Subsubsection Output from LinuxDoc \layout Standard You can print and save these documents in the normal way. To use the other features of the SGML package you need to save your document as LinuxDoc; this is a version in which the document is translated into the basic sgml tags. \family sans \bar under \bar default ile\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default xport\SpecialChar \menuseparator \protected_separator LinuxDoc. \family default You will get a file with the same name and a \family typewriter .sgml \family default extension rather than a \family typewriter \family default extension. \protected_separator \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:sgmloperate \end_inset on how you than make use of this file. \layout Subsection Using the paragraph environments in LinuxDoc \layout Subsubsection The Structure of a LinuxDoc Document \layout Standard There is a formal structure for LinuxDoc which limits how you can place tags. There are two parts to all documents: \layout Description Header: this is everything up to the first time you insert a Section layout marker. It can include title, author, date, abstract and ToC. You must include the first two. \layout Description Body: from the beginning of the first section onwards. All other tags are allowed. \layout Subsubsection The LinuxDoc Paragraph Environments \layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:sgmlparas \end_inset Here is a list of all the tags you will find listed on the layout bar in the order they come there, with some comments where the purpose or use is not obvious: \layout Itemize \family sans Standard: \family roman works as described in [cross reference] \layout Itemize \family sans Title \family default : This will appear at the top left of the document when printed, above a heavy horizontal rule, although you will not see this on the LyX screen. \layout Itemize \family sans Section, Subsection, Subsubsection, Paragraph and Subparagraph: \family default all do what you would expect and in the usual order. Whether they are numbered or not is controlled by the \family sans Section \protected_separator number \protected_separator depth \family default setting. You cannot get the equivalent number free versions in any other way; there is no \family sans Section* \family default or similar \layout Itemize \family sans Enumerate: \family default As usual this produces a numbered and indented list as described in the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default \layout Itemize \family sans Itemize: \family roman Again much the same as in the other classes: see the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default \layout Itemize \family sans Description \family default : As explained in the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default Remember that if you want the bold element at the start of a description to be more than one word then you need to put protected spaces between the words. \layout Itemize \family sans Verbatim: \family default As usual. \layout Itemize \family sans Code: similar to the Lyx-Code \family roman environment \layout Itemize \family sans Author \family default : Anything you mark with this will appear on the left of the heading of the document, under the heavy rule. \layout Itemize \family sans Date: \family default Anything you mark with this will appear on the right of the heading under the rule. You do not have to make this a date. Any text can be entered, e. \protected_separator a version number. \layout Itemize \family sans Abstract \family default : You can use this to produce a free standing paragraph after the author and date, and before the first section. You are only allowed one such paragraph. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard \emph on Author’s note. \emph default This needs checking — \emph on \end_float \layout Itemize \family sans Displaymath \family default \begin_float footnote \layout Standard \emph on Author’s note: \emph default I have not yet checked this — \emph on \end_float \layout Subsubsection Other document features \layout Standard You can also use the \family sans Layout \family default menu to set fonts or to emphasis words. You can also use the table of contents as usual; see the corresponding section of the \emph on User’s Guide \emph default Although you will find some some other features on the menus e. \protected_separator inserting footnotes. There is some doubt about whether these will work correctly. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard \emph on Author’s note: \emph default Again still checking to see whether this is my system \emph on —pe. \end_float \layout Subsubsection Cross references and HTML \layout Standard On the \family sans Insert \family default menu you will find two new options relating to the inclusion of URL addresses. If you use either option you will find some highlighted TeX code inserted into your document in three separate blocks with spaces available between. The blocks will be: \layout Quote \family typewriter \backslash htmlurl{ \family default \family typewriter \backslash \family roman \hfill space \family default \family typewriter \hfill \family roman \hfill space \hfill \family typewriter \layout Standard You insert a full HTML tag between the first and second blocks. This can be \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://any.address \end_inset or other valid tags such as \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{mailto:me@my.address \end_inset \family typewriter \family default Then y \family roman \family default insert some description between the second and third blocks. The differences are: \layout Itemize \family sans \family roman both the HTML tag and the description will appear in the document \layout Itemize \family sans \protected_separator URL: \family roman only the description appears in the printed version \layout Subsection Using the LinuxDoc Sgml scripts \layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:sgmloperate \end_inset You can use LinuxDoc as a text class without any additional scripts or programs, but there is not much point in doing this. All you will get is a document that looks like a \emph on Linux Documentation Project Howto \family sans \emph default \family default To do the document translation you need to get and install the \family typewriter sgml-tools-1.0.x.tar.gz \family default (with \begin_inset Formula \( x\geq 3 \) \end_inset ) package from \family roman the SGML-Tools WWW Page \family default \layout LyX-Code \family roman \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://pobox.com/~cg/sgmltools \end_inset \family default \layout Standard Alternatively, you can go to the \family typewriter sunsite \family default archive at \begin_float footnote \layout Standard Note that, at the time of this writing (01/1998), version 1.0.3 of sgml-tools has not yet been made available at \family typewriter sunsite \family default \end_float \layout LyX-Code \family roman \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/utils/text/sgml-tools-1.0.x.tar.gz \end_inset \layout Standard \family roman \family default file \family typewriter sgml-tools-1.0.x.tar.gz \family default contains everything that you need to write SGML documents and convert them to groff, LaTeX, HTML, GNU info, LyX, and RTF\SpecialChar \. \layout Standard This package was renamed from \family typewriter linuxdoc-sgml-1.5.tar.gz \family default in January 1997. \layout Standard Follow the instructions in that package on how to install it and how to use it. All this has to be done outside of LyX, before you can use the \family sans \bar under \bar default ile\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default xport\SpecialChar \menuseparator \protected_separator LinuxDoc \family roman option. \layout Subsection Troubleshooting LinuxDoc \layout Standard When you print or preview a LinuxDoc document some checking is done of the tags before LaTeX is run. Some errors are trapped here, especially those concerning the structure of the document. LyX may produce an error message, but not leave an error box in the document for you to open. You may have to look at the files directly to discover what is wrong. Most problems seem to come from the use of options that are not fully available in the text class. \layout Section Fax Support \layout Standard \noun on rgen Vigna \layout Subsection Sending Faxes from within LyX \layout Standard First of all we have to mention that you only are able to fax LyX documents if you have working fax software installed on your system (e. \protected_separator HylaFax, efax, mgetty+sendfax, \SpecialChar \ldots{ LyX works only as a graphical front end for these programs! \layout Standard According to what fax software you are using, you have to set some commands in the \family typewriter lyxrc \family default file to tell LyX how it should be addressed. This commands are: \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash fax_command: \family default This defines the command LyX has to execute in order to send a facsimile. The command should be able to process PostScript files, as it is this LyX produces. The command string can contain some special tokens: \begin_deeper \layout Description \family typewriter $$Host: \family default the string is substituted by the contents of the environment variable FAX_SERVE \layout Description \family typewriter $$Comment: \family default the string is substituted by the contents of the comment box \layout Description \family typewriter $$Enterprise: \family default the string is substituted by the contents of the enterprise field \layout Description \family typewriter $$Name: \family default the string is substituted by the contents of the dest. name field \layout Description \family typewriter $$Phone: \family default the string is substituted by the contents of the fax. field \layout Description \family typewriter $$FName: \family default the string is substituted with the filename which should be sent \end_deeper \layout Paragraph Examples: \layout Standard Assume you write a file named \emph on \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \emph default newfile.lyx \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and would like to fax this file directly from within LyX. You have the HylaFax-Software installed and your FAX_SERVER environment variable is set to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter faxhost.mydomain \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , and you inserted these values in the \family sans \family default popup: \layout List \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans \protected_separator \family default +39-2-444666 \layout List \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Dest. \protected_separator Name: \family default Someone \layout List \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Enterprise: \family default Startrek \layout List \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Comment: \family default This comment string \layout Standard With this given, this setting \layout LyX-Code \backslash fax_command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset sendfax -n -h ’$$Host’ -c ’$$Comment’ \layout LyX-Code -x ’$$Enterprise’ -d ’$$Name’$'$Phone’ ’$$FName’ \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard would execute this command: \layout LyX-Code sendfax -n -h faxhost.mydomain -c ’This comment string’ \layout LyX-Code -x ’Startrek’ -d ’Someone’+'39-2-444666’ \layout LyX-Code <tempfile-path>/newfile.ps \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash phone_book: \family default This is the filename of the phone book you can create with the \family sans \family default form. It defaults to \family typewriter $HOME/.lyx/phonebook. \layout Paragraph Examples: \layout LyX-Code \backslash phone_book myphonebook \layout Standard writes and reads the phone book from the file \family typewriter $HOME/.lyx/myphonebook \layout LyX-Code \backslash phone_book /var/lib/phonebook \layout Standard writes and reads the phone book from the file \family typewriter /var/lib/phonebook \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash fax_program: \family default With this program you can force LyX to call an external program to send your facsimiles (e. \protected_separator tkhylafax), instead of the built-in \family sans \family default form. Only \family typewriter $$FName \family default is allowed as special token. \layout Paragraph Examples: \layout LyX-Code \backslash fax_program \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset tkhylafax ’$$Fname’ \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard \series medium Assume the same as above, then this command is executed: \layout LyX-Code tkhylafax <tempfile-path>/newfile.ps \layout Section Check TeX \layout Standard \noun on Asger Alstrup \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard Under the \family sans \family default menu, you’ll find a \family sans \bar under \bar default \protected_separator \family default command. This feature requires you to have the \family typewriter chktex \family default program installed, and is grayed out if you don’t have it. You can get it from your nearest CTAN mirror, or over the Web from \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.ifi.uio.no/~jensthi/chktex/ \end_inset \layout Standard \family sans ChkTeX \family default package is a program that was written by \noun on Jens T. Berger Thielemann \noun default in frustration because some constructs in LaTeX are sometimes non-intuitive, and easy to forget. The program runs over your LaTeX file and checks the integrity of the file, and flags some common errors. In other technical words, it is \family typewriter \family default for LaTeX. \layout Standard Well, what is a syntax checker doing in LyX which is supposed to produce correct LaTeX anyways? The answer is simple: Just as \family typewriter \family default not only checks the \emph on syntax \emph default of C programs, but also does \emph on semantic \emph default checks for type-errors, \family sans ChkTeX \family default catches some common \emph on typographic \emph default errors, in addition to the syntactical ones. Specifically, \family sans ChkTeX \family default is capable of detecting several common errors, such as \layout Itemize Ellipsis detection: \newline Use \SpecialChar \ldots{ instead of ... \layout Itemize No space in front of/after parenthesis: \newline ( wrong spacing ) \layout Itemize Enforcement of normal space after common abbreviations: \newline is too wide spacing. \layout Itemize Enforcement of end-of-sentence space when the last sentence ends with a capital letter: \newline This is a TEST. And this is wrong spacing. \layout Itemize Space in front of labels and similar commands: \newline The label should stick right up to the text to avoid falling to a wrong page. \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:chktex \end_inset \begin_float footnote \layout Standard This footnote is in danger of falling off to a wrong page \end_float The label is separated too much. \layout Itemize Space in front of references, instead of hard spaces: \newline In you are in bad luck, the text will break right between the referenced text and reference number, and that’s a pity. See section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:chktex \end_inset \layout Itemize Use of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset instead of \begin_inset Formula \( \times \) \end_inset between numbers: \newline 2x2 looks cheap compared to \begin_inset Formula \( 2\times 2 \) \end_inset \layout Standard and more \SpecialChar \ldots{ It is an invaluable tool when you are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset finishing up \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset your document before printing, and you should run it right after the obligatory spelling check, and before you go fine tuning the typesetting. \layout Subsection How to use it \layout Standard If you have the program installed, usage is as simple as choosing \family sans \bar under \bar default dit\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default \protected_separator \family default This will make LyX generate a LaTeX file of your document, start \family sans ChkTeX \family default to check it, and then make LyX insert \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset error boxes \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset with the warnings from \family sans ChkTeX \family default , if there were any. The warnings will be placed close to the point of the mistake, and you can quickly find them by using the \family sans \bar under \bar default dit\SpecialChar \menuseparator \protected_separator \protected_separator \bar under \bar default \family default menu-item, or the shortcut key \family sans \family default from the default \family typewriter \family default bind file. Open the error boxes by clicking on them with the mouse, or use the shortcut key \family sans \family default from \family typewriter \family default bindings, or the corresponding \family sans \family default for the alternate \family typewriter emacs \family default bind file. Read the warning and correct the mistake, if it is a mistake. If you have trouble understanding what the warning is about, you can safely ignore it. Remember that there is a hidden layer between the document on screen and the technical details in invoking \family sans ChkTeX \family default , and this gap can make some warnings seem arcane or just right down plain silly. \layout Standard This document is an excellent testing bed for the feature, and it should provide quite a few warnings for you to fiddle with. Since computers are only so smart, expect most of the warnings to be false alarms, though. \layout Subsection How to fine tune it \layout Standard Sometimes, you’ll find that \family sans ChkTeX \family default makes more noise than suits your mood. Then you can choose not to use it, wait until your mood changes, or try to customize \family sans ChkTeX \family default to get better along with you. Another choice in the most desperate situations is to use \family sans \bar under \bar default dit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Floats \protected_separator \protected_separator \bar under \bar default nsets\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default emove \protected_separator \protected_separator error \protected_separator boxes \family default , which will get rid of all warnings instantly. \layout Standard Although \family sans ChkTeX \family default \emph on \emph default very configurable and extensible, you shouldn’t expect to solve all problems with \family sans ChkTeX \family default in LyX this way. Since LyX has to generate a somewhat special LaTeX file to be able to match the line numbers from the \family sans ChkTeX \family default output \begin_float footnote \layout Standard You can inspect the specific output from \family sans chktex \family default by using \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator \protected_separator LaTeX \protected_separator \family default right after a \family sans chktex \family default run. \end_float to the internal document structure, some of the warnings will not seen to appear correctly. There are two things you can do about this: \layout Itemize Fine tune the \family sans ChkTeX \family default invocation command line in your \family typewriter lyxrc \family default file, or the global \family sans ChkTeX \family default installation configuration file (usually with the file \family typewriter /usr/local/share/chktexrc \family default See below to learn what warnings can be enabled and disabled on the command line. \layout Itemize Export your document as a raw LaTeX file using \family sans \bar under \bar default ile\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default xport\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default \family default and run \family typewriter chktex \family default manually on that. Invoked in this way, it can be a hassle to find the corresponding place in the document inside LyX, but with a little patience, you should be able to do it. \layout Standard Here follows the warning messages that can be enabled and disabled using the \family typewriter \backslash chktex_command \family default setting in your \family typewriter lyxrc \family default file. Use \family typewriter \family default to disable a warning, and \family typewriter \family default to enable a warning. The emphasized entries are disabled by default, because the default is \family typewriter chktex -n1 -n3 -n6 -n9 -n22 -n25 -n30 -n38 \family default \layout Standard Notice that you should only use the options that enable and disable warnings, because LyX relies on some of the other command line parameters to be set in a specific way to have a chance to communicate with \family typewriter chktex \family default \layout Enumerate \size small \emph on Command terminated with space. \layout Enumerate \size small Non-breaking space ( \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) should have been used. \layout Enumerate \size small \emph on You should enclose the previous parenthesis with \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Enumerate \size small Italic correction ( \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) found in non-italic buffer. \layout Enumerate \size small Italic correction ( \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) found more than once. \layout Enumerate \size small \emph on No italic correction ( \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) found. \layout Enumerate \size small Accent command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset needs use of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Enumerate \size small Wrong length of dash may have been used. \layout Enumerate \size small \emph on \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset expected, found \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Enumerate \size small Solo \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset found. \layout Enumerate \size small You should use \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to achieve an ellipsis. \layout Enumerate \size small Inter-word spacing ( \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash \family default \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ) should perhaps be used. \layout Enumerate \size small Inter-sentence spacing ( \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) should perhaps be used. \layout Enumerate \size small Could not find argument for command. \layout Enumerate \size small No match found for \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Enumerate \size small Math mode still on at end of LaTeX file. \layout Enumerate \size small Number of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset doesn’t match the number of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Enumerate \size small You should use either \family typewriter \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family default \family typewriter \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \family default as an alternative to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Enumerate \size small You should use " \family typewriter \family default " (ASCII 39) instead of " \family typewriter \family default " (ASCII 180). \layout Enumerate \size small User-specified pattern found. \layout Enumerate \size small This command might not be intended. \layout Enumerate \size small \emph on Comment displayed. \layout Enumerate \size small Either \family typewriter \backslash \family default \family typewriter \backslash \family default will look better. \layout Enumerate \size small Delete this space to maintain correct page references. \layout Enumerate \size small \emph on You might wish to put this between a pair of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Enumerate \size small You ought to remove spaces in front of punctuation. \layout Enumerate \size small Could not execute LaTeX command. \layout Enumerate \size small Don’t use \family typewriter \backslash \family default in front of small punctuation. \layout Enumerate \family typewriter \size small \backslash times$ \family default may look prettier here. \layout Enumerate \size small \emph on Multiple spaces detected in output. \layout Enumerate \size small This text may be ignored. \layout Enumerate \size small \family typewriter \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family default to begin quotation, not \family typewriter \family default \layout Enumerate \size small \family typewriter \family default to end quotation, not \family typewriter \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family default \layout Enumerate \size small Don’t mix quotes. \layout Enumerate \size small You should perhaps use \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset instead. \layout Enumerate \size small You should put a space in front of/after parenthesis. \layout Enumerate \size small You should avoid spaces in front of/after parenthesis. \layout Enumerate \size small \emph on You should not use punctuation in front of/after quotes. \layout Enumerate \size small Double space found. \layout Enumerate \size small You should put punctuation outside inner/inside display math mode. \layout Enumerate \size small You ought to not use primitive TeX in LaTeX code. \layout Enumerate \size small You should remove spaces in front of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Enumerate \size small \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is normally not followed by \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard In later versions of LyX, we hope to provide a more complete interface to this tool (and it’s smaller cousin \family typewriter lacheck \family default ) to exploit the full power of it. But it’s not exactly useless as it is now: go try it on one of your existing documents of a certain length and be surprised. \layout Section Version Control in LyX \layout Standard \noun on Lars Gullik Bj \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard A friend of mine wanted to try LyX for a group project. When he didn’t find support for version control or file locking, he dropped This angered me a bit, so I thought that I should at least make support for RCS (with the possibility of CVS and/or SCCS as a future improvement.) This has now been done. LyX now supports some of the most basic RCS commands. If you need to something a bit more sophisticated you will have to do that manually in an xterm. \layout Standard Before you begin to use the version control features in LyX, you should read \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset rcsintro \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (a man file, read it with \family typewriter man rcsintro \family default .) This file describes all the basic features of RCS. You should especially notice the comment about a RCS directory, and the notion of a master RCS file (the file ending in ,v.) \layout Standard The implementation in LyX assumes a recent version of the GNU RCS package—no guarantees are made for older versions. \layout Subsection RCS commands in LyX \layout Standard The following sections describe the RCS commands supported by LyX. You can find them in the \family sans \bar under \bar default dit\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \bar default ersion \protected_separator Control \family default submenu. \layout Subsubsection \family sans Register \layout Standard If your document is not under revision control, this is the only item shown in the menu. And if it is under revision control, the \family sans Register \family default item is grayed out. \layout Standard This command registers your document with RCS. You are asked interactively to supply an initial description of the document. The document is now set in Read-Only mode and you have to \family sans Check \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \family default , before making any changes to it. A document under revision control has a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset [RCS:<version> <locker>] \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset item tagged to the filename in the minibuffer. \layout Standard RCS command that is run: \family typewriter ci -q -u -i -t-"<initial description>" <file-name> \layout Standard Read \family typewriter man ci \family default to understand the switches. \layout Subsubsection \family sans Check In Changes \layout Standard When you are finished editing a file, you check in your changes. When you do this, you are asked for a description of the changes. This is stored in the history log. The version number is bumped, your changes are applied to the master RCS file, the document is unlocked and set to Read-Only mode. \layout Standard RCS command: \family typewriter ci -q -u -m"<description>" <file-name> \layout Subsubsection \family sans Check Out For Edit \layout Standard By doing this you lock the document so that only you can edit it. This will also make the document Read-Write only for you. You will usually continue editing for a while and when you are finished you check in your changes. The status line is changed to reflect that you have locked the file. \layout Standard RCS command: \family typewriter co -q -l <file-name> \layout Subsubsection \family sans Revert To Last Version \layout Standard This will discard all changes made to the document since the last check You get a warning before changes are discarded. \layout Standard RCS command: \family typewriter co -f -u<version> <file-name> \layout Subsubsection \family sans Undo Last Checkin \layout Standard This makes as if the last check in never happened. No changes are made to the document loaded into LyX, but the last version is removed from the master RCS file. \layout Standard RCS command: \family typewriter rcs -o<version> <file-name> \layout Subsubsection \family sans Show History \layout Standard This show the complete history of the RCS document. The output of \family typewriter rlog <file-name> \family default is shown in a browser. See \family typewriter man rlog \family default for more info. \layout Section Literate Programming \layout Standard \noun on Edmar Wienskoski Jr. \noun default (edmar-w-jr@technologist.com) \layout Subsection Introduction \layout Standard The main purpose of this documentation is to show you how to use LyX for literate programming. Where it is assumed that you are familiar with this programming technique, and know what \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset tangling \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset weaving \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset means. If that is not the case, please follow the web links provided in the following sections. There is a lot of good documentation out there covering old development history to the latest tools tips. \layout Standard It is also assumed that you are familiar with LyX itself to a point that you are comfortable changing your \family typewriter lyxrc \family default file, and X resources file. If that is not the case please refer to other LyX documentation to cover your specific needs. \layout Subsection Literate Programming \layout Standard From the Literate Programming FAQ : \layout Quotation Literate programming is the combination of documentation and source together in a fashion suited for reading by human beings. In fact, literate programs should be enjoyable reading, even inviting! (Sorry Bob, I couldn’t resist!) In general, literate programs combine source and documentation in a single file. Literate programming tools then parse the file to produce either readable documentation or compilable source. The WEB style of literate programming was created by D.E. Knuth during the development of his TeX typesetting software. \layout Standard Another excerpt says: \layout Quotation \emph on How is literate programming different from verbose commenting? \layout Quotation There are three distinguishing characteristics. In order of importance, they are: \begin_deeper \layout Itemize flexible order of elaboration \layout Itemize automatic support for browsing \layout Itemize typeset documentation, especially diagrams and mathematics \end_deeper \layout Standard Now that I sparked your curiosity, take a look in the references. \layout Subsubsection References \layout Standard The complete Literate Programming FAQ can be found at: \layout Quote http://shelob.ce.ttu.edu/daves/faq.html \layout Standard The FAQ lists 23 (twenty three !) different literate programming tools. Where some are specialized or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset tailored \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for particular programming languages, while other have general scope. I selected \noun on Noweb \noun default for my own use for several reasons: \layout Itemize It can generate the documentation either in latex or html. \layout Itemize It has a open architecture, i.e., it is easy to plug in new filters and to perform special processing that you may need. \layout Itemize There is a good selection of filters available already (the html is one of them). \layout Itemize It is free. \layout Standard The Noweb web page can be found at: \layout Quote http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~nr/noweb \layout Standard Starting from there you can reach many other interesting links and even some literate program examples. \layout Subsection LyX and Literate Programming \layout Standard Some changes to LyX were required to enable it to interact with Noweb. Those changes were rather simple, and were done in a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Noweb independent \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset way, i.e., I expect that you will be able to use this new LyX feature with some other literate programming tool of your choice by just re-configuring your lyxrc file. \layout Subsubsection Generating documents and code (weaving and tangling) \layout Paragraph Selecting the document class \layout Standard If you have installed Noweb and LyX successfully, whenever you open a new document or try to change the document class of an existing one, you will find that there are three new document classes available: \layout Itemize Article (Noweb) \layout Itemize Book (Noweb) \layout Itemize Report (Noweb) \layout Standard You must select one of them to create your literate documents from. \layout Standard Note that literate documents are not limited to these three classes. New classes can be generated from other styles like letter or in combination with other class variations like Article (AMS). I have limited the choice to these three because I didn’t want to clog the list of options with all possible variations. If you have special needs that cannot be covered by one of the existing classes, let me know and I will arrange to insert a new entry, or teach you how to do it. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard It is very simple, it involves the creation of a file with four lines, and re-running of the auto configuration. \end_float Moreover, if you use a literate tool other than Noweb you may need to create a new set of document classes for it. \layout Paragraph Typing code in \layout Standard LyX enables you to write code with a layout named \noun on Scrap \noun default \begin_float footnote \layout Standard The equivalent Noweb term is \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Chunk \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset For historical reasons, I got used to the term \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset scrap \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset introduced by other literate tool named Nuweb, which I used for many years before rendering myself to Noweb. \end_float Noweb delimits scraps like this \layout LyX-Code <<My scrap>>= \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator code \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator more code \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator even more code \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator \layout Standard The problem is that whatever is written in between the << and the \family typewriter \family default must be taken literally, i.e., LyX should be prevented from making any special interpretation of what has been written. For that reason, I defined a new layout named Scrap, that works like a LaTeX paragraph but has a free spacing capability. In other words, it is a combination of the LaTeX and the LyX-Code layouts. \layout Standard The down side of this \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset semi-hack \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is that consecutive paragraphs of code will be spaced with one empty line in the source code and also in the printed documentation. Of course I don’t want this. The work around is to enter each line of code within a single Scrap, with a newline (ctrl-return). The example above will look like this: \begin_float footnote \layout Standard If you have a printed version of this document you will not see any difference between the previous example and this one. \end_float \layout LyX-Code <<My scrap>>= \newline \protected_separator code \newline \protected_separator more code \newline \protected_separator even more code \newline \protected_separator \layout Standard This layout works fine. The only real inconvenience is that you have to type ctrl-return instead of a plain return. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard It is in my list of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset improvements \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to fix that. \end_float If you want to preserve the code’s indentation, you will have to type ctrl-spac e to enter a blank character. I believe these problems are a small price to pay for the benefits LyX brings to you for typing, compiling, and debugging your literate program. \layout Paragraph Generating the documentation \layout Standard At this point you already have a new document file with a proper document class, and with some code and text on it. How do I print it ? The answer is simple, you select \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Update dvi \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Update PostScript \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset View dvi \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , etc. Just like you would do for a plain document. No special procedure is required. \layout Standard To help orientate you, I will now explain what happens inside LyX: \layout Enumerate When the "Update dvi" menu option is chosen, a latex file is generated. \begin_deeper \layout Standard If the document is of any literate class the generated file will be named with an extension name defined by \family typewriter \backslash literate_extension \family default , otherwise the file will have the usual \family typewriter .tex \family default extension. \end_deeper \layout Enumerate Note that the only difference so far is in the name of the file, no special processing is required by LyX. Given that you formatted the code using the Scrap layout that, by itself, takes care of the business. \layout Enumerate If the document is of any literate class LyX will execute: \begin_deeper \layout LyX-Code \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \backslash literate_command \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \emph on filename \emph default \emph on filename \emph default \layout LyX-Code \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \backslash literate_error_filter \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \emph on filename \emph default .out > \emph on filename \emph default \layout Standard Otherwise it will just skip this step. \end_deeper \layout Enumerate Finally, LaTeX is invoked and the regular post processing continues as in a plain document. \layout Standard The purpose of the \family typewriter \backslash literate_command \family default is to transform the newly created \family typewriter \family default file into a \family typewriter \family default file. \layout Standard The purpose of the \family typewriter \backslash literate_error_filter \family default command is to help LyX display error boxes when the \family typewriter \backslash literate_command \family default reports any errors. This filter can be a C program, a script, or any thing you want. Its job is to identify error messages from your literate tool, in our case Noweb, and convert them to a common format that LyX understands. A separate document, \family typewriter Literate.lyx \family default , in the examples directory (accessed with the \family sans Examples \family default button in the file popup), has a literate C program that can be used to parse Noweb error messages. This scheme introduces one more command for the user to configure, but has the advantage of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset literate tool \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset independence. Moreover, if you don’t bother to set it, you can still use the system, you just loose the ability to have a nice display and interaction with the error messages. \layout Paragraph Generating the code \layout Standard When the "Build Program" File menu option is chosen or the corresponding button in the toolbar is pressed, a latex file with extension \family typewriter \backslash literate_extension \family default is generated just like step 1 above. Then LyX invokes \family typewriter \backslash build_command \family default to generate the code and \family typewriter \backslash build_error_filter \family default to process the compilation error messages, as in step 3 above. \layout Standard Note that no special processing is required from LyX. \layout Standard Also note that I am assuming that you are familiar with Noweb. In this case you will know what to do to get an executable file starting from a noweb file ( \family typewriter \family default extension). It is likely that you will create a makefile for that purpose. For that reason, after LyX creates the noweb file, it invokes the command defined by \family typewriter \backslash build_program \family default , with a default of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset In case you want to process your literate file with a script, or some other program, just insert in your lyxrc file an entry with: \layout LyX-Code \backslash build_command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset my_script my_arguments \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash build_error_filter \family default differs from the \family typewriter \backslash literate_error_filter \family default only in that the former will identify error messages from your compiler. The same example program mentioned before can also parse gcc, or xlc error messages. If you have a different compiler you may want to change this program or create a new one. Again, the same comments from the previous section are valid here: this is optional, you can skip it if you can afford to loose the LyX error handling feature. \layout Standard In summary, the "Build Program" internal function sequence is pretty much like the "Update dvi" one but involving different commands. See schematic: \layout LyX-Code "Update dvi" \protected_separator \protected_separator -> generate .tex \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator -> invoke -> show latex errors \layout LyX-Code on plain doc \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator file \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \backslash latex \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator \protected_separator \layout LyX-Code "Update dvi" \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator -> generate same -> invoke \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator -> invoke -> show latex errors \layout LyX-Code on literate doc \protected_separator \protected_separator file with .nw \protected_separator \protected_separator \backslash literate_command \backslash \protected_separator \backslash latex \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator extension \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \backslash _______ -> show literate errors \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator \protected_separator \layout LyX-Code "Build Program" \protected_separator -> generate same -> invoke \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator -> show compilation error \layout LyX-Code on literate doc \protected_separator \protected_separator file with .nw \protected_separator \protected_separator \backslash build_command \layout LyX-Code \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator extension \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator ( make ) \layout Subsubsection Configuring LyX \layout Standard There are five new controls that you can put in your lyxrc file: \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash literate_command \family default specifies which literate tool you are going to use. During normal LyX configuration, the auto configuration script will try to find the noweb package for you. If the search is successful, the default value for this control is set \begin_deeper \layout LyX-Code noweave -delay -index \layout Standard Otherwise the default value is set to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \end_deeper \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash literate_extension \family default specifies the filename extension to be used for literate documents. Some literate tools requires specific file extension names. The default is set during configuration as either \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , depending on whether the auto configuration found the noweb package or not. \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash build_command \family default defaults to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset You need to create a makefile to do the tangling, compilation, etc. \begin_deeper \layout Standard Another way is to maintain the makefile or building script itself as part of the document. That way every project can be compiled with the same command line: \layout LyX-Code notangle -Rbuild-script \emph on filename \emph default .nw | sh \layout Standard To use this scheme, create a script named \family typewriter project-build \family default that executes the command above: \layout LyX-Code #!/bin/sh \layout LyX-Code notangle -Rbuild-script $1 | sh \layout Standard Finally set LyX to execute the \family typewriter project-build \family default script: \layout LyX-Code \backslash build_command project-build \layout Standard Every time you start a new project, define a scrap with name \family typewriter build-script \family default that will do the compilation for that project. Whenever you select \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Build Program \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , LyX will extract that scrap ( \family typewriter notangle -Rbuild-script... \family default ) and execute it ( \family typewriter ...|sh \family default \end_deeper \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash literate_error_filter \family default defaults to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset If you compile the program given in \family typewriter Literate_example.lyx \family default , you can set: \begin_deeper \layout LyX-Code \backslash literate_error_filter \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset listerrors n \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard to process Noweb(noweave) error messages \end_deeper \layout Description \family typewriter \backslash build_error_filter \family default defaults to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset If you compile the program given in \family typewriter Literate_example.lyx \family default , you can set: \begin_deeper \layout LyX-Code \backslash build_error_filter \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset listerrors b \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard to process both Noweb(notangle) error messages and gcc error messages. \end_deeper \layout Subsubsection Debug extensions \layout Standard There is also a new function implemented in the LyX server, the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset server-goto-file-row" function, to be used with ddd/gdb or other debugger. \layout Standard When debugging code with ddd/gdb, it is possible to invoke a text editor at the current execution position with a single key stroke. The default ddd configuration for that is shift-ctrl-V. It happens that you can define the editor command line invocation in ddd by accessing the edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator helpers window and changing the "Edit Sources" entry. \layout Standard I take advantage of the new created LyX server function and this ddd feature, and set \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Edit Sources \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Quote echo "LYXCMD:monitor:server-goto-file-row:@FILE @LINE" >~/.lyxpipe.in \layout Standard With this, whenever you are using ddd and find a point in the program that you want to edit, you just press shift-ctrl-V (in the ddd window), and ddd you forward this information to LyX through the LyX server and then the LyX window will show the same file with the cursor at the same position ddd was pointing to. No more guessing or long scrolling to locate a point in the program back from debugging ! \layout Standard Note however that you must enable the LyX server to get this feature working (it is disabled by default). To enable it, insert in your lyxrc file: \layout Quote \backslash serverpipe "/home/<your home directory>/.lyxpipe" \layout Standard Read the LyX server documentation for further information. \layout Subsubsection Toolbar extensions \layout Standard I created six new buttons that can be added to your LyX toolbar. Five of these buttons are short cuts to layout styles: Standard, Section, LaTeX, LyX-Code, and Scrap. I created those because they are the ones I use most and I was tired of scrolling the layout menu looking for the one I wanted. The last one is a short cut to the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Build Program \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset File menu entry. \layout Standard LyX has a range of buttons that are available for tool bar customization. In my toolbar I like to combine the six short cuts above with two more: One for \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Update dvi \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and the other for \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset View dvi \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset File menu entries. Here is how it looks like: \layout LyX-Code \backslash begin_toolbar \layout LyX-Code \backslash layouts \layout LyX-Code \backslash add layout Standard \layout LyX-Code \backslash add layout Section \layout LyX-Code \backslash add layout LaTeX \layout LyX-Code \backslash add layout LyX-Code \layout LyX-Code \backslash add layout Scrap \layout LyX-Code \backslash separator \layout LyX-Code \backslash add buffer-view \layout LyX-Code \backslash add buffer-typeset \layout LyX-Code \backslash add build-program \layout LyX-Code \backslash separator \layout LyX-Code \layout LyX-Code \layout LyX-Code \layout LyX-Code \backslash end_toolbar \layout Subsubsection Colors customization \layout Standard There are a number of colors in LyX that can be customized. For each one there are two ways to do it: either by inserting a line in your X resource files, or by adding a flag in the LyX command line. \layout Standard One of the things that bothers people is the LaTeX font color. The default color is red, since the scraps uses LaTeX font, and there is a lot of scraps in literate documents, you may get tired of seeing everything in red. Example: \layout Itemize In the X resource file: \begin_deeper \layout Quote lyx*LatexColor: gold \end_deeper \layout Itemize In the command line: \begin_deeper \layout Quote lyx -LatexColor gold \end_deeper \layout Standard The next thing is the visible presence of the newline character in the screen. You can choose the color of this particular character and make it blend in the background. I recommend you choosing a color that is close to the background but not equal, that way you still can see it is there, but it is not bothering you anymore. Example: \layout Itemize In the X resource file: \begin_deeper \layout Quote lyx*BackgroundColor: gray20 \layout Quote lyx*NewLineColor: gray35 \end_deeper \layout Itemize In the command line: \begin_deeper \layout Quote lyx -BackgroundColor gray20 -NewLineColor gray35 \end_deeper \layout Standard If you don’t like a bright clear background burning your eyes all day long, you can reverse background and foreground colors with this: \layout Itemize In the X resource file: \begin_deeper \layout Quote lyx*Reverse: 1 \end_deeper \layout Itemize In the command line: \begin_deeper \layout Quote lyx -Reverse 1 \end_deeper \layout Standard The problem with all those color alterations is that you may need to change other colors as well to ensure that math, inset, etc, are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset normal \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset with respect to the rest. The following is the selection I use in my own X resource file. It is just a suggestion. I encourage you to try to find the color set that work best for you. \layout LyX-Code lyx*Reverse: \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \layout LyX-Code lyx*MathColor: \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator green \layout LyX-Code lyx*LatexColor: \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator gold \layout LyX-Code lyx*OnOffLineColor: \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator magenta \layout LyX-Code lyx*InsetColor: \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator yellow \layout LyX-Code lyx*LightedColor: \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator gray50 \layout LyX-Code lyx*NewLineColor: \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator gray35 \layout LyX-Code lyx*BackgroundColor: \protected_separator \protected_separator \protected_separator gray20 \layout Chapter Secrets of the LaTeX Masters \layout Standard Though LyX is a powerful tool, it cannot hope to support everything that can be done with pure TeX/LaTeX. However, many familiar dirty TeX and LaTeX tricks can be done within LyX, as long as you are not afraid to use that \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset button on the toolbar or add things to the LaTeX preamble (under \bar under \family sans \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \family default \bar under \family sans \bar default \protected_separator Preamble \family default This section lists some tips, tricks, and otherwise cool ideas to give your document that extra little flair. \emph on Do try this at home \emph default , just start with something a little smaller and less important than your dissertation! \layout Standard Most ideas in this section require less common files in your LaTeX installation. If you have a system like teTeX, most will already be available. A few, however, will need to be downloaded from one of the CTAN archives. Often, there are several ways to do something, or several LaTeX style files which do the same thing. We do not endorse one choice over another, we simply claim that we have done a particular task with a particular file. Put on your wizard hat, keep an eye out for dragons, and let us begin. \layout Section Tricks for Footnotes and Margin Notes \layout Standard suggested by \noun on Robin Socha \layout Subsection Footnotes \layout Standard LyX cannot yet take care of setting the footnote numbering back to 1 after each section in the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans article \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \family roman document class or changing the counter style. You’ll need to insert LaTeX commands like the following to achieve that: \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash setcounter{footnote{0 \latex no_latex Using \family typewriter \backslash setcounter{footnote{0 \family roman will set the counter back to 1 \begin_float footnote \layout Standard The counter has been set back to 1. \end_float \layout Standard The following command will change the numbering to small letters. Take a look at the next footnote in your xdvi or ghostview \latex latex \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote{ \backslash alph{footnote \latex default \begin_float footnote \layout Standard This is an example for a footnote with alphabetic numbering. \newline \family typewriter \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote { \backslash alph{footnote \family roman to get this. \end_float \layout Standard The next command sets the counter style back to default, i.e. \family typewriter \backslash arabic \family default \latex latex \backslash renewcommand { \backslash thefootnote { \backslash arabic{footnote \begin_float footnote \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote{ \backslash arabic{footnote \family roman to set the counter–style back to LyX’s default, i.e. \backslash arabic. \end_float \layout Standard You can use \family typewriter \backslash arabic \family default \family typewriter \backslash roman \family default \family typewriter \backslash Roman \family default \family typewriter \backslash \family default \family typewriter \backslash \family default and others as counter styles. Just replace the LaTeX command in the above example and rerun TeX to see what those styles can do. \layout Subsection Margin Notes \layout Standard Here are two examples of neat things you can do to margin notes using LaTeX commands. \layout Standard The following command will make a vertical line appear alongside your text- \latex no_latex –great for \latex default \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset thumbing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash marginpar{ \backslash rule[-10mm]{30mm{5mm \family roman \family default \latex latex \backslash marginpar{ \backslash rule[-10mm]{30mm{5mm \layout Standard Check your dvi- or ghostview–output to see what the following command does. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash reversemarginpar \latex default Right, it lets you insert a margin note on the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset wrong \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset side of a two sided document. \begin_float margin \layout Standard \backslash reverse \latex latex \backslash \latex default marginpar \latex latex \end_float \layout Section Multiple Columns \layout Standard \noun on Lars Gullik Bj \layout Subsection Purpose \layout Standard The aim for this chapter is to show how the LaTeX package \family typewriter multicol \family default can be used in a LyX document. As LyX doesn’t support the \family typewriter multicol \family default package natively yet, we have to use some small hacks. By reading this section it should be obvious how to do this. \layout Subsection Examples \layout Subsubsection Two columns \layout Standard If you want to have two columns in your text, you have use LaTeX mode to insert \family typewriter \backslash begin{multicols{2 \family default at the point where you want the two column layout to start, and then \family typewriter \backslash end{multicols \family default where you want it to end. Like this: \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Standard \noindent \series bold \size small The Adventure of the Empty House \series default \newline \noun on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle \layout Standard \size small It was in the spring of the year 1894 that all London was interested, and the fashionable world dismayed, by the murder of the Honourable Ronald Adair under most unusual and inexplicable circumstances. The public has already learned those particulars of the crime which came out in the police investigation, but a good deal was suppressed upon that occasion, since the case for the prosecution was so overwhelmingly strong that it was not necessary to bring forward all the facts. Only now, at the end of nearly ten years, am I allowed to supply those missing links which make up the whole of that remarkable chain. The crime was of interest in itself, but that interest was as nothing to me compared to the inconceivable sequel, which afforded me the greatest shock and surprise of any event in my adventurous life. Even now, after this long interval, I find myself thrilling as I think of it, and feeling once more that sudden flood of joy, amazement, and increduli ty which utterly submerged my mind. Let me say to that public, which has shown some interest in those glimpses which I have occasionally given them of the thoughts and actions of a very remarkable man, that they are not to blame me if I have not shared my knowledge with them, for I should have considered it my first duty to do so, had I not been barred by a positive prohibition from his own lips, which was only withdrawn upon the third of last month. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Subsubsection Multiple columns \layout Standard The same pattern is used when you want more than two columns: \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{multicols{3 \layout Standard \size footnotesize It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested me deeply in crime, and that after his disappearance I never failed to read with care the various problems which came before the public. And I even attempted, more than once, for my own private satisfaction, to employ his methods in their solution, though with indifferent success. There was none, however, which appealed to me like this tragedy of Ronald Adair. As I read the evidence at the inquest, which led up to a verdict of willful murder against some person or persons unknown, I realized more clearly than I had ever done the loss which the community had sustained by the death of Sherlock Holmes. There were points about this strange business which would, I was sure, have specially appealed to him, and the efforts of the police would have been supplemented, or more probably anticipated, by the trained observation and the alert mind of the first criminal agent in Europe. All day, as I drove upon my round, I turned over the case in my mind and found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate. At the risk of telling a twice-told tale, I will recapitulate the facts as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Standard You can have have more than 3 columns if you want to, but that might not be very pleasant for the eye. \layout Subsubsection Columns inside columns \layout Standard You can even have columns inside columns: \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Standard \size footnotesize The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth, at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies. Adair’s mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for cataract, and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter Hilda were living together at 427 Park Lane. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Standard \size footnotesize The youth moved in the best society–had, so far as was known, no enemies and no particular vices. He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley, of Carstairs, but the engagement had been broken off by mutual consent some months before, and there was no sign that it had left any very profound feeling behind it. For the rest {sic the man’s life moved in a narrow and conventional circle, for his habits were quiet and his nature unemotional. Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came, in most strange and unexpected form, between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty on the night of March 30, 1894. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Standard \size footnotesize Ronald Adair was fond of cards–playing continually, but never for such stakes as would hurt him. He was a member of the Baldwin, the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs. It was shown that, after dinner on the day of his death, he had played a rubber of whist at the latter club. He had also played there in the afternoon. \size default \size footnotesize The evidence of those who had played with him– Mr. Murray, Sir John Hardy, and Colonel Moran–showed that the game was whist, and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards. Adair might have lost five pounds, but not more. His fortune was a considerable one, and such a loss could not in any way affect him. He had played nearly every day at one club or other, but he was a cautious player, and usually rose a winner. It came out in evidence that, in partnership with Colonel Moran, he had actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting, some weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral. So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Subsection Advanced Examples \layout Standard As you probably know \family typewriter multicol \family default has several customizing variables. The following examples shows how these can be used from LyX. \layout Subsubsection Preface and Skip \layout Standard If there is less than 5cm left on the page, a page break will be inserted before this bit, which has a preface text above the two columns: \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{multicols{2[And the story continues and continues and continues and continues\SpecialChar \ldots{ ][5cm] \layout Standard \size small On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten. His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation. The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second floor, generally used as his sitting-room. She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window. No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return of Lady Maynooth and her daughter. Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son’s room. The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their cries and knocking. Help was obtained, and the door forced. The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table. His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room. On the table lay two bank notes for ten pounds each and seventeen pounds ten in silver and gold, the money arranged in little piles of varying amount. There were some figures also upon a sheet of paper, with the names of some club friends opposite to them, from which it was conjectured that before his death he was endeavouring to make out his losses or winnings at cards. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Subsubsection Preface and sections \layout Standard What if you want the preface to be a sectioning command? That can be done, but only through LaTeX commands inside the parameters for the \family typewriter multicols \family default command. Because of this, the section command can not be provided by LyX: \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{multicols{2[ \backslash subsubsection{This is the sectioning command as a preface][5cm] \layout Standard \size small A minute examination of the circumstances served only to make the case more complex. In the first place, no reason could be given why the young man should have fastened the door upon the inside. There was the possibility that the murderer had done this, and had afterwards escaped by the window. The drop was at least twenty feet, however, and a bed of crocuses in full bloom lay beneath. Neither the flowers nor the earth showed any sign of having been disturbed, nor were there any marks upon the narrow strip of grass which separated the house from the road. Apparently, therefore, it was the young man himself who had fastened the door. But how did he come by his death? No one could have climbed up to the window without leaving traces. Suppose a man had fired through the window, he would indeed be a remarkable shot who could with a revolver inflict so deadly a wound. Again, Park Lane is a frequented thoroughfare; there is a cab stand within a hundred yards of the house. No one had heard a shot. And yet there was the dead man and there the revolver bullet, which had mushroomed out, as soft-nosed bullets will, and so inflicted a wound which must have caused instantaneous death. Such were the circumstances of the Park Lane Mystery, which were further complicated by entire absence of motive, since, as I have said, young Adair was not known to have any enemy, and no attempt had been made to remove the money or valuables in the room. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Subsubsection Free Space \layout Standard \family typewriter multicol \family default package demands that a certain amount of space is available before and after a multicolumn section. In addition \family typewriter multicol \family default inserts a given space in front of and after the multicol section. The commands to change the default settings for this must be given just before the \family typewriter \backslash begin{multicols \family default This example puts a space of 3 cm in front of and after the multicolumn text: \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash setlength{ \backslash multicolsep{3cm \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Standard \size small All day I turned these facts over in my mind, endeavouring to hit upon some theory which could reconcile them all, and to find that line of least resistanc e which my poor friend had declared to be the starting-point of every investigat I confess that I made little progress. In the evening I strolled across the Park, and found myself about six o’clock at the Oxford Street end of Park Lane. A group of loafers upon the pavements, all staring up at a particular window, directed me to the house which I had come to see. A tall, thin man with coloured glasses, whom I strongly suspected of being a plain-clothes detective, was pointing out some theory of his own, while the others crowded round to listen to what he said. I got as near him as I could, but his observations seemed to me to be absurd, so I withdrew again in some disgust. As I did so I struck against an elderly, deformed man, who had been behind me, and I knocked down several books which he was carrying. I remember that as I picked them up, I observed the title of one of them, THE ORIGIN OF TREE WORSHIP, and it struck me that the fellow must be some poor bibliophile, who, either as a trade or as a hobby, was a collector of obscure volumes. I endeavoured to apologize for the accident, but it was evident that these books which I had so unfortunately maltreated were very precious objects in the eyes of their owner. With a snarl of contempt he turned upon his heel, and I saw his curved back and white side-whiskers disappear among the throng. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Paragraph Note: \layout Standard The values you set with \family typewriter \backslash setlength \family default must be reset to default after use, or you will get the modified value in the rest of your document. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash setlength{ \backslash multicolsep{13pt \layout Subsubsection Column Width and Separation \layout Standard The width of the columns inside the \family sans multicols \family default environment is automatically calculated, but you can modify the space between two columns explicitly. The space between the following two columns is 3 cm wide: \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash setlength{ \backslash columnsep{3cm \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Standard \size small My observations of No. 427 Park Lane did little to clear up the problem in which I was interested. The house was separated from the street by a low wall and railing, the whole not more than five feet high. It was perfectly easy, therefore, for anyone to get into the garden, but the window was entirely inaccessible, since there was no water pipe or anything which could help the most active man to climb it. More puzzled than ever, I retraced my steps to Kensington. I had not been in my study five minutes when the maid entered to say that a person desired to see me. To my astonishment it was none other than my strange old book collector, his sharp, wizened face peering out from a frame of white hair, and his precious volumes, a dozen of them at least, wedged under his right arm. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Standard Once again, we have to reset the value after use to avoid using it in the rest of the document. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash setlength{ \backslash columnsep{10pt \layout Subsubsection Vertical Lines \layout Standard Between every two columns, a rule of width \family typewriter \backslash columnseprule \family default is placed. If this rule is set to 0 pt, the rule is suppressed. In the following example, the line separating the two columns is 2 pt wide. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash setlength{ \backslash columnseprule{2pt \backslash begin{multicols{2 \layout Standard \size small \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset You’re surprised to see me, sir, \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset said he, in a strange, croaking voice. \layout Standard \size small I acknowledged that I was. \layout Standard \size small \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Well, I’ve a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I’ll just step in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to him for picking up my books. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard \size small \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset You make too much of a trifle, \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset said I. \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset May I ask how you knew who I was? \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard \size small \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Well, sir, if it isn’t too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for you’ll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very happy to see you, I am sure. Maybe you collect yourself, sir. Here’s \noun on British \protected_separator Birds \noun default , and \noun on Catullus \noun default , and \noun on The Holy War \noun default –a bargain, every one of them. With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf. It looks untidy, does it not, sir? \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{multicols \layout Standard As usual, we reset the value after use. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash setlength{ \backslash columnseprule{0pt \layout Standard You’ll have to go to the library to read the rest of the story. \begin_float footnote \layout Standard \SpecialChar \ldots{ or cheat like we did and find it at the Gutenberg project somewhere on the Web. \end_float Believe it or not, but it’s actually a bit of a cliff-hanger at this point in the story\SpecialChar \ldots{ \layout Section Dropped Capitals \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash newfont{ \backslash tmpfont{cmr17 scaled 2500{ \backslash tmpfont T \backslash vspace*{-8.2ex \layout Standard \noindent \latex latex \backslash hangindent=3.3em \backslash hangafter=-3 \latex default hose of you who like the style of old books probably also like \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset dropped capitals \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset —those large capital letters which begin each new chapter or section. Implementing them with plain LyX/LaTeX is straightforward (assuming you know some plain TeX!) but does require a lot of work and many iterations, as you can see by all the ugly TeX-mode stuff at the beginning of this paragraph. \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash verb+ \backslash bigdrop{-1em{3{ptmri{T+ \latex default here is a much easier way of doing this, of course. The \family typewriter dropcaps \family default (or the newer \family typewriter dropping \family default ) package from CTAN allows a simple way to add such letters to your documents. Since this package is not a standard part of teTeX, I can’t demonstrate it within this document, but if you copy this paragraph to a new document, delete the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter \backslash \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and the pluses from the TeX code at the beginning of the paragraph, and add \family typewriter \backslash usepackage{dropcaps \family default to your LaTeX preamble, you will get a nice Times Roman Italic \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , whose height is three lines of text and which protrudes 1 em into the margin. (Make certain you have copied \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter dropcaps.sty \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset into a directory where TeX can see it.) The first argument is the amount of indentation; in this case the negative sign moves it into the margin. The second argument is the height of the letter in number of lines of text. The third argument is the font name: virtually anything which has a tfm file should work (wade through the \family typewriter .../texmf/fonts/tfm \family default directory for possibilities). My personal favorite is \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter yinit \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , a fancy German font specifically designed for dropped capitals. The fourth argument is the letter (or letters) to be dropped. The \family typewriter dropping \family default package also offers the \family typewriter \backslash bigdrop \family default command, as well as a slightly simplified \family typewriter \backslash dropping \family default command. \layout Section Wrapping Text Around Figures (and Tables) - Revisited \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:wrap \end_inset \layout Standard As mentioned in Section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:floatflt \end_inset , the \family typewriter floatflt \family default package can be used to wrap text around a figure. There are at least two LaTeX packages which allow one to do this, \family typewriter floatflt \family default and \family typewriter wrapfig \family default The method the packages use is fundamentally the same, so you might want to try them both to see which implementation you prefer. Both are included in the current, standard teTeX distribution (version 0.4 patch level 8). \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash begin{floatingfigure[l]{2.5in \layout Standard \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \begin_inset Figure size 162 69 file mobius.eps width 2 2.25 flags 9 \end_inset \layout Standard \latex latex \backslash end{floatingfigure \layout Standard At left is our figure of the mobius strip, this time wrapped by using \family typewriter floatingfigure \family default in raw LaTeX code in order to force the figure onto the left side. I have included the figure in the standard way, setting the desired width to 2.25 inches (my apologies to those on the right side of the Atlantic). The \family typewriter floatingfigure \family default width has been set to 2.5 inches, to allow a bit of extra space between the figure and the text. Valid options for figure placement include \family typewriter \family default (left, as in this example), \family typewriter \family default for right placement, \family typewriter \family default for right if page number is odd or left if page number is even, or \family typewriter \family default which is equivalent to \family typewriter \family default unless a package option is specified (see the \family typewriter floatflt \family default documentation for the details). \layout Standard \emph on Authors Note: There is also an equivalent mode to allow wrapped tables. It is called with the \family typewriter \emph default \backslash begin{floatingtable \family default \emph on command, but I have not yet been able to make it work. — mer \emph default \layout Section Numbering in the \family sans Enumerate \family default Paragraph Environment \layout Standard The default numbering for the \family sans Enumerate \family default paragraph environment begins with Arabic numbers and ends with uppercase letters. Suppose, however, you wanted a different type of numbering scheme. Here’s a quickie example of how to change the numbering scheme: \layout LyX-Code \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash labelenumi{ \backslash Roman{enumi. \layout LyX-Code \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash labelenumii{ \backslash Alph{enumii. \layout LyX-Code \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash labelenumiii{ \backslash arabic{enumiii. \layout LyX-Code \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash labelenumiv{ \backslash alph{enumiv.) \layout Standard \SpecialChar \ldots{ which changes the numbering scheme to uppercase Roman numerals, uppercase letters, Arabic numbers, and lowercase letter. \layout Standard Additionally, the previous example also adds a little bit extra to the numbering scheme. For example, the first level label actually looks like: \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset For ease of reading, we’ll describe what the numbering schemes look like using a notation something like this: < \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \protected_separator \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \protected_separator \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \protected_separator \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Standard As you can see in the example, there is a label command for each nesting level, \family typewriter \backslash labelenumi \family default \SpecialChar \ldots{ \family typewriter \backslash labelenumiv \family default , as well as a counter, \family typewriter enumi \family default \SpecialChar \ldots{ \family typewriter enumiv \family default There are also five \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset number printing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset commands, \family typewriter \backslash arabic{ \family default \family typewriter \backslash roman{ \family default \family typewriter \backslash Roman{ \family default \family typewriter \backslash alph{ \family default , and \family typewriter \backslash Alph{ \family default , each of which take one counter as an argument. You can add characters before or after these, but there’s no need to add spaces. \layout Standard You can get really fancy with these. For example: \layout LyX-Code \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash labelenumi{ \backslash \backslash Alph{enumi \backslash \layout LyX-Code \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash labelenumii{ \backslash Alph{enumi. \backslash arabic{enumii \layout LyX-Code \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash labelenumiii{ \backslash alph{enumiii+ \layout LyX-Code \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash labelenumiv{( \backslash roman{enumiv) \layout Standard produces the somewhat out of hand numbering scheme: < \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \protected_separator \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \protected_separator \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \protected_separator \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \layout Section Extra Space Between Table Rows \layout Standard LaTeX allows you to put a bit of extra space between rows in a table by giving an optional argument to the end-of-row specifier ( \family typewriter \backslash \backslash \family default LyX has not yet implemented this in a formal way, so here are two dirty little tricks to do the same job. \layout Standard The first is the more formal, but longwinded way to do it. In the LaTeX preamble, add the following command definition: \layout Standard \family typewriter \backslash newcommand{ \backslash extratablespace[1]{ \backslash noalign{vskip#1 \family default This command takes a single argument—the amount of space you would like to insert. Insert the command in the first column of the row \emph on after \emph default where you would like the space to appear. Here is an example (I’ve removed all the borders using \family sans \bar under \bar default ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator \bar under \family default \bar default \layout Standard \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable multicol5 4 3 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 "" "" 8 0 0 "" "" 8 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" Minerals \newline Calcite \newline Dolomite \newline \newline Quartz \newline Graphite \newline \latex latex \backslash extratablespace{2ex \latex default Rocks \newline Limestone \newline Sandstone \newline \newline Granite \newline Andesite \layout Standard The second method is faster, but will make typographers and TeXperts all over the world groan. Simply put an end of row specifier with optional argument at the same spot. No fancy definitions are needed as in the above example, but there will be more space inserted than you specified because you essentially added a blank row plus the extra space. If the space added is too much, simply use a negative number, like so: \layout Standard \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable multicol5 4 3 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 "" "" 8 0 0 "" "" 8 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 "" "" Minerals \newline Calcite \newline Dolomite \newline \newline Quartz \newline Graphite \newline \latex latex \backslash \backslash [-1ex] \latex default Rocks \newline Limestone \newline Sandstone \newline \newline Granite \newline Andesite \layout Standard It’s short, sweet, and gets the job done quickly, even if it is really ugly. You may put away the rotten vegetables now! I promise I won’t suggest anything else like that! \the_end

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