Comprising the eastern half of the Samoan islands, American Samoa sits
on the edge of Polynesia in the South Pacific Ocean. Although Christianity,
introduced in the 19th century, has taken a very firm hold – Samoa
is known as the Bible belt of the Pacific – the traditional and
conservative fa'a Samoa (Samoan way of life) still dominates
the islands' culture. At its base is the extended family, the aiga,
while traditional chiefs, or matai, retain their central role
in government. Samoa having come under control of the USA in 1900, life
there remained largely unchanged until a US-led drive for modernization
in the 1960s. Along with better healthcare and industrial development,
fa'a Amerika also meant unemployment, pollution, and rising petty
crime fueled by alcohol. Tuna processed by Pago Pago's canneries represent
95% of American Samoa's exports. Efforts to diversify include the development
of other light industries and tourism.
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