Í[ TNC Commands v1.1.7a Compiled by: Andy Witts G1DIL (Dec-92) ]Í

 
@8BITCONV ON|OFF     Default : OFF    Display group : A

  Parameters :

     ON - The high-order bit is not stripped in converse mode.
    OFF - The high-order bit is stripped in converse mode.

This command enables transmission of 8-bit data in Converse Mode. If
8BITCONV is OFF, the high-order bit (bit 7) of characters received from
the terminal is removed before the characters are transmitted in a packet.
The standard character set requires only 7 bits, and the final bit is used
as a parity bit, or is ignored. Setting bit 7 in text characters transmitted
over the air may cause confusion at the other end.

If you need to transmit 8-bit data, but don't want all the features of 
Transparent Mode, you should set 8BITCONV ON and AWLEN 8. This may be 
desirable, for example, if you are using a special non-ASCII character set.

Bit 7 is always removed in Command Mode, since commands require only the 
standard 7-bit ASCII character set.


@ACkprior ON|OFF     Default : ON     Display Group : L

  Parameters:

     ON - Enables Prioritized acknowledgments.
    OFF - Acknowledgments have the same priority as any other frames on 
          the channel.

When ACKPRIOR is ON, acknowledgments have priority. This means that if your
TNC receives a frame that it must acknowledge (ACK), it will immediately
send the ACK if the channel is clear. If other stations are running with
ACKPRIOR ON, they will not access the channel until you have had a chance 
to send the ACK, even if they cannot hear your transmissions.

When OFF, acknowledgments are queued up for transmission the same as
any other frame.


@ACKTime n           Default : 14     Display Group : T

  Parameters:

        n    0-250 in 10 mSec increments.

ACKTIME specifies the time required to send an RR or RNR response frame
(an acknowledgment) to an I frame at the radio port data rate. This 
corresponds to about 510mSec at 1200bps with 8 digipeaters and about 
140mSec at 1200bps with no digipeaters. The default of 140mSec (ACKT 14) 
allows for no digipeaters.


@AUtolf ON|OFF       Default : OFF    Display Group : A

  Parameters:

     ON - A linefeed character (<LF>) is sent to the terminal after
          each carriage return character (<CR>).
    OFF - A <LF> is not sent to the terminal after each <CR>.

AUTOLF controls the display of carriage return characters received in 
packets as well as echoing those which are typed in.

If the TNC's sign-on message lines appear to be typed over each other,
you should set AUTOLF ON. If the TNC's sign on message appears to be
double-spaced, you should set AUTOLF OFF. If the TNC's sign-on message
appears to be single-spaced you have AUTOLF set correctly.

This command only affects what is displayed, not the data sent in packets.
If you want to add linefeed characters to outgoing packets, use the command
LFADD.


@AWlen n             Default : 7      Display Group : A

  Parameters:

      n = 7 - 8, specifying the number of data bits per word.


This value defines the word length used by the serial I/O port.

For most packet operations, including conversation, bulletin board operation
and transmission of ASCII files, you should set AWLEN 7. If 8 bit words are
transmitted to the TNC in Command Mode or Converse Mode, the eighth bit is
normally removed, leaving a standard ASCII character, regardless of the
setting of AWLEN.

To transmit and receive packets retaining all the 8 data bits of each
character, as you do if you need to send executable files or other special
data, you should use Transparent Mode and set AWLEN 8. Alternatively, you 
can use Converse Mode and set AWLEN 8 and 8BITCONV ON (however, the data
you then pass must handle the Converse Mode special characters with the
PASS prefix).


@Ax25l2v2 ON|OFF     Default : ON     Display Group : L

Parameters:

      ON       The TNC will use AX25 Level 2 Version 2.0 protocol 
   
     OFF       The TNC will use AX25 Level 2 Version 1.0  protocol

Some implementations of the earlier version of AX25 protocol (e.g.,
TAPR's TNC 1) won't properly digipeat version 2.0 AX25 packets. This
command exists to provide compatibility with these TNC's until their
software has been updated.

During the protocol transition period, you should set AX25L2V2 OFF.

After your local area TNC's are updated to the newer protocol version
you should set AX25L2V2 ON.


@AXDelay n           Default : 0      Display Group : T

Parameters:

     n = 0 - 180, specifying the voice repeater keyup delay in
                  10ms intervals.

AXDELAY specifies a period of time the TNC is to wait, in addition to
the normal delay set by TXDELAY, after keying the transmitter and before
data is sent. This feature will be used by groups using a standard
"voice" repeater to extend the range of the local area network. Repeaters
with slow mechanical relays, split sites, or other circuits which
delay transmission for some time after the RF carrier is present require
some amount of time to get RF on the air.

If you are using a repeater that hasn't been used for packet operations
before, you will have to experiment to find the best value for 'n'. If
other packet stations have been using this repeater, check with them for 
the proper setting. Note that this command acts in conjunction with
AXHANG.

Note that TAPR TNC 1 and other TNCs using the same version 3.x firmware
interpret 'n' in 120ms intervals. The value set by AXDELAY on TNC2 will 
thus be 12 times the value used by a TNC 1 user to give the same time
delay.

@AXHang n            Default : 0      Display Group : T

Parameters:

       n = 0 - 20. Specifying the voice repeater hang time 
                   in 100ms intervals.


This value can be used to increase channel efficiency when an audio
repeater with a hang time of greater than 100ms is used. For a
repeater with a long hang time, it is not necessary to wait for the
repeater key-up delay after keying the transmitter if the repeater is
still transmitting. If the TNC has heard a packet sent within the
hang period, it will not add the repeater key-up delay (AXDELAY) to
the key-up time.

If you are using a repeater that hasn't been used for packet operations
before, you will have to experiment to find the best value for 'n'. If
other packet stations have been using this repeater, check with them for 
the proper setting. 

Note that TAPR TNC 1 and other TNCs using the same version 3.x firmware
interpret 'n' in 120ms intervals. The value set by AXDELAY on TNC2 will 
thus be 6/5 the value used by a TNC 1 user to give the same hang time
(when converting, round DOWN to the nearest integer).


@BBSmsgs ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : A

This command controls how the packet controller displays certain 
messages in Command and Converse modes. The affected messages are 
described below:

     MESSAGE                           EFFECT OF BBSMSGS ON
     -------                           --------------------

 *** CONNECTED TO xxxx               Message appears on new line
 *** DISCONNECTED                    Message appears on new line
 *** retry limit exceeded            Message appears on new line
 *** xxxx Busy                       Message appears on new line
 *** FRMR Sent                       Message appears on new line
 *** FRMR Received                   Message appears on new line
 *** Connect request: xxxx           This message is omitted

The BBSMSGS command is primarily useful for host operation with 
'W0RLI' type bulletin board software that require link state 
messages to begin in the first display column.


@Beacon Every|After n                 Display Group : I

Parameters:

       EVERY -      Send beacon at regular intervals
       AFTER -      Send beacon once after the specified time
                    interval with no packet activity
       n = 0 - 250. Specifying beacon timing in 10ms intervals.
                    A value of 0 disables the beacon.

The command enables beacon sending and causes the first beacon frame 
to be transmitted. A beacon frame consists of the text specified by 
BTEXT in a packet addressed to "BEACON" and sent via the digipeat 
address specified by the UNPROTO command, if any.

If the keyword EVERY is specified, a beacon packet is sent every 
n*10 seconds. This mode might be useful to transmit packets for 
testing purposes.

If AFTER is specified, a beacon is sent only after n*10 seconds have 
passed with no packet activity. In this case, the beacon is sent 
only once until further activity is detected. This mode can be used 
to send announcements or test messages only when packet stations are 
on the air. If you choose 'n' properly you can avoid cluttering a 
busy channel with unnecessary transmissions.

Beacon frames from other TNC's can be monitored by setting MONITOR 
ON.


@BKondel ON|OFF      Default : ON     Display Group : C

Parameters:

       ON - The sequence <BACKSPACE> <SPACE> <BACKSPACE> is echoed
            when a character is deleted from the input line.

      OFF - The <BACKSLASH> (\) is echoed when a character is
            deleted.

This command determines the way the display is updated to reflect a 
character deletion in Command Mode or Converse Mode.

The <BACKSPACE> <SPACE> <BACKSPACE> sequence will properly update 
the screen of a video display. If you have a video display terminal 
or computer you should set BKONDEL ON.

The <BACKSPACE> <SPACE> <BACKSPACE> sequence on a printing terminal 
would result in overtyped text. If you have a paper-output display, 
or if your terminal does not respond to the <BACKSPACE> character 
(<CTRL-H>), you should set BKONDEL OFF. The TNC will type a 
<BACKSLASH> for each character you delete. You can display the 
corrected input line by typing the redisplay-line character, which 
is set by the command REDISPLA.


@BText TEXT          ""               Display Group : I

Parameters:

     Text - Any combination of characters and spaces, up to
            a maximum length of 120 characters.

BTEXT specified the content of the data portion of a beacon packet. 
The default 'text' is an empty string, i.e., no message. Beacon 
packets are discussed in more detail under the BEACON command.

You can send multiple-line messages in your beacon by including 
carriage return (<CR>) characters in the text. The <CR> character can 
be included by preceding it with the pass character. The pass 
character is set by the PASS command. If you enter a text string 
longer than 120 characters, an error message will appear and the 
command will be ignored.

For example, a Bulletin Board program might set the beacon TEXT to a 
message like this, updating the TEXT after each connection:

       Mailbox on line. Messages for WB9FLW, AD7I, K9NG.

To clear the BTEXT TEXT without issuing a RESET command, use a % or 
& character as the first character in the text.


@BUdlist ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : M

Parameters:

      ON - Ignore frames from stations which are NOT in the
           LCALLS list.

     OFF - Ignore frames from stations which ARE in the LCALLS
           list.

BUDLIST works in conjunction with the command LCALLS, which sets up 
a callsign list. These commands determine which packets will be 
displayed when you have set MONITOR ON. BUDLIST specifies whether 
the callsigns in the list are the ones you want to ignore, 
alternatively, are the ones you want to listen to.

If you want to listen only for packets from a limited list, you 
should enter this list with LCALLS and set BUDLIST ON. You can use 
this feature, for example, to have your TNC "keep an ear out" for a 
particular station while you converse with someone else.

If you want to ignore packets from a limited list, you should list 
the callsigns to ignore in LCALLS and set BUDLIST OFF. For example, 
if there is a bulletin board on frequency, you can ignore it while 
monitoring other conversations.



@CALibra

CALIBRA is an immediate command, and is used to transfer control to 
the modem calibration routine. Calibration may be performed at any 
time without altering the current link state.

Briefly, the commands available in the calibration routine are:

      <SPACE>  Switch the transmit audio to the other tone
         D     Alternate between the two transmit tones at a
               rate determined by the radio baud rate
         K     Toggle PTT line ON/OFF
         Q     Quit calibration routine

Refer to your TNC manual for details of the calibration method.
See also the command RXCALL.


@CALSet n            Default : None   Display Group : T

Parameters:

       n = 0 - 65535 specifying the count setting for use by the
                     calibration routine


The number to be specified by CALSET is determined by the frequency 
'f' to be calibrated as follows:-

     n = (525.000 / f) + 1        ( modulator tones )
     n = (262.500 / f) + 1        ( demodulator tones )

Round 'n' to the nearest integer. To calibrate the modem tones, you 
will set 'n' for the desired frequency using CALSET, enter the 
calibration routine with CALIBRA, and adjust the tone following the 
instructions in the TNC manual. To calibrate the next tone, exit the 
calibration routine and set 'n' for the next frequency.


@CANline n           Default : $18    Display Group : C
                                 <CTRL-X>

Parameters:

     n = 0 - $7F specifying an ASCII character code.

This command is used to change the cancel-line input editing command 
character. The parameter 'n' is the ASCII code for the character  
you want to type in order to cancel an input line. You can enter the 
code in either hex or decimal.

For example, to change the cancel-line character to <CTRL-U), you 
would sent CANLINE $15 or CANLINE 21.

If you cancel an input line in Command Mode, the line will be 
terminated with a <BACKSLASH> character, and you will see a new CMD: 
prompt. If you cancel a line in Converse Mode, you will see only the 
<BACKSLASH> and a new line. You can cancel only the line you are 
currently typing. Once a <CR> has been entered, you can not cancel 
an input line using the cancel-line character. Note that if your 
send-packet character is not <CR> the cancel-line character will 
cancel only the last line of a multi-line packet. To cancel the 
entire packet, use the CANPAC character.

Line cancellation, like all other input editing features, is 
disabled in transparent mode.


@CANPac n            Default : $19    Display Group : C
                                 <CTRL-Y> 

Parameters:

     n = 0 - $7F specifying an ASCII character code.

CANPAC is used to change the cancel-packet input editing command 
character. The parameter 'n' is the ASCII code for the character you 
want to type in order to cancel an input packet. You can alter the 
code in either hex or decimal.

If you cancel a packet in Converse Mode, the line will be terminated 
with a <BACKSLASH> character and a new line. You can only cancel the 
packet which is currently being entered. Once you have typed the 
send-packet character, or waited PACTIME (of CPACTIME is enabled), 
the packet cannot be cancelled even if it has not been transmitted.

Packet cancellation, like all other input editing features, is 
disabled in transparent mode.

Cancel display-output

The cancel-packet character also functions to cancel display output 
in Command Mode. If you are in Command Mode and type the 
cancel-packet character, any characters that would be type don the 
screen (except echoed characters) are "thrown away" by the TNC. 
Typing the cancel-output character a second-time restores normal 
output. To see how this works try typing DISPLAY, then type 
<CTRL-Y>. The command list will stop. You won't see any response 
from the TNC to commands. Now type another <CTRL-Y>, and type DISPLAY 
again to see that the display is back to normal.

You can use the cancel-display feature if you inadvertently so 
something that causes the TNC to generate large amounts of output to 
the terminal, such as giving the DISPLAY command or setting TRACE 
ON. If you are in Converse Mode or Transparent Mode and want to 
cancel display output, you must exit to Command Mode and then type 
the cancel-packet character.

@CBELL ON|OFF        Default : OFF    Display Group : I

Parameters:

    ON - A bell character will be sent to the terminal as part of the
         connect message.

   OFF - No bell character is included in the connect message.

The CBELL command is used to control whether an ASCII $07 (bell) 
character is sent as part of the connected message. When set ON, the 
bell character immediately precedes the asterisk portion of the 
connect indication.

This command is not related to the MFILTER command. CBELL will 
produce a 'CONNECT BELL' even if MFILTER is set to delete incoming 
$07 (bell) characters.


@CHeck n             Default : 12     Display Group : I

Parameters:

       n = 0 - 250 specifying the check time in 10 second intervals.
                   A value of 0 disables this feature.

This command sets a connection timeout. If a link connection exists 
between your TNC and another station, and the other station 
"disappears", your TNC could remain in the connected state 
indefinitely, refusing connections from other stations. this might 
happen if propagation changes unexpectedly or an intermediate 
digipeater station is turned off. In order to prevent this sort of 
lockup, the TNC will try to clean-up the link if the specified time 
elapses without any packets being heard from the other TNC. The 
operation of this feature depends upon the setting of AX25L2V2.

If AX25L2V2 is ON, the TNC will send a "check-packet" to verify the 
presence of the other station if no packets have been heard for n*10 
seconds. This frame contains no information, but is interpreted by 
the receiving station's TNC as an enquiry as to whether it is still 
connected. If the receiving TNC is still connected, it send an 
appropriate response packet. If the TNC initiating the enquiry does 
not hear a response after RETRY+1 attempts, it commences a 
disconnect sequence, as if the DISCONNE command had been given.

If AX25L2V2 is OFF and the other station has not been heard for n*10 
seconds, the TNC will not attempt an enquiry, but will send a 
disconnect packet, just as if you had typed the command DISCONNE.

See also the command CHECKV1.


@CHECKV1 ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : T

Parameters:

      ON   Enables CHECKtime (T3) when running AX.25 Level 2 Version 1.0 
           protocol. This will result in an automatic disconnect when packets 
           haven't flowed between this TNC and the remote TNC for CHECKtime. 
           See CHECK, above.

      OFF  Disables the CHECKtime timer (T3) and requires the operator to 
           initiate a disconnect sequence. This is in accordance with AX.25 
           Level 2 Version 1.0 procedures.

When ON, the CHECK (T3) timer is used to automatically disconnect an AX.25
Level 2 Version 1.0 link when data hasn't flowed for CHECK time. Note that T3
is not defined for Version 1.0 operation. See CHECK, above.
When OFF, T3 is ignored and normal Version 1.0 procedures apply.

NOTE: Many operators prefer using Version 1.0 protocol, especially on
      marginal or noisy links in order to eliminate some of the overhead of
      AX.25 Level 2 Version 2.0 protocol.


@CLKADJ n            Default : 0      Display Group : T

Parameters:

    n = 0 - 65535, specifying the correction factor to be applied to
                   the real-time clock routine.

A value of '0' is a special case and means no correction factor will 
be applied. If the value of CLKADJ is non-zero, then the correction 
factor is calculated as:

         relative clock speed in % = 100 - (9.16667 * 1/n)



@CMdtime n           Default : 1      Display Group : T

Parameters:

     n = 0 - 250 specifying Transparent Mode timeout value in 1 second
                 intervals. If 'n' is zero, the only exit from Transparent
                 Mode is to send a BREAK signal or interrupt power to the
                 TNC.

This command sets the Transparent Mode timeout value. In order to 
allow escape to Command Mode from Transparent Mode while permitting 
any character to be sent as data, a guard time of 'n' seconds is set 
up.

The same Command Mode entry character used for exit from Converse 
Mode is used to exit Transparent Mode, but the procedure is 
different. (The Command Mode entry character is set by COMMAND.) 
Three Command Mode entry characters must be entered less than 'n' 
seconds apart with no intervening characters, after a delay of 'n' 
seconds since the last characters were typed. After a final delay of 
'n' seconds the TNC will exit Transparent Mode and enter Command 
Mode. You should then see the prompt

      cmd:

the diagram below illustrates this timing.

last           first            second           third       TNC
terminal       command          command          command     now in
input          mode             mode             mode        Command
 |             entry            entry            entry       Mode
 |             character        character        character     |
 |               |                |                |           |
 |               |                |                |           |
 |®longer than n¯|®shorter than n¯|®shorter than n¯|®----n----¯|



@CMSg ON|OFF         Default : OFF    Display Group : I

Parameters:

     ON - A text message is sent as the first packet after a 
          connection is established.
    OFF - The message is not sent.

CMSG enables automatic sending of the message set by CTEXT whenever 
your TNC accepts a connect request from another TNC.

For example, if you have left your station running even though you 
don't want to operate just now, you might want to set CMSG ON to let 
people know that you can't talk when they connect to your TNC. When 
you are ready to operate your would set CMSG OFF.


@CMSGDisc ON|OFF     Default : OFF    Display Group : I

Parameters:

     ON - The packet controller will initiate a disconnect 
          immediately after acknowledgement of the CTEXT
          sent by the CMSG feature.

    OFF - The packet controller will not initiate a disconnect
          associated with CMSG.

This command controls whether the packet controller will initiate a 
disconnect after the packet containing connect text (CTEXT) is 
acknowledged.

Use this command with care - If you receive connects, yet never get 
data, it is possible CMSGDisc has been left on.


@COMmand n           Default : $03    Display Group : C
                                 <CTRL-C> 

Parameters:

      n = 0 - $7F specifying an ASCII character code.

This command is used to change the Command Mode entry character. You 
can enter the code in either hex or decimal.

Command Mode is entered from Converse Mode when this character is 
typed. If you type the Command Mode entry character while you are 
already in Command Mode, nothing will happen. To see how this works, 
enter Converse Mode by typing CONVERS. Anything you type will become 
packet data. Now type a <CTRL-C>. You will see the Command Mode 
prompt indicating successful exit to Command Mode. the 
display might look like this:

        cmd: CONVERS
        Hello World!  I'm on the air on packet radio
        [enter <CTRL-C>]
        cmd:

See the command CMDTIME or the discussion of Transparent Mode for 
further information on how the Command Mode entry character is used 
to escape from Transparent Mode.
  

@CONMode             CONVERS|TRANS    Display Group : L

Parameters:

      CONVERS - Sets automatic entry to Converse Mode when a
                connection is established.

      TRANS   - Sets automatic entry to Transparent Mode when
                a connection is established.

CONMODE controls which mode the TNC will be placed in after a 
connection. The connection may result either from a connect request 
received over the air or a connect initiated by a CONNECT command 
that you issue. For most operations you would set CONMODE to 
CONVERS. However, if you are using Transparent Mode for a bulletin 
Board program, for example, you would set CONMODE to TRANS so that 
the correct mode will be entered when your bulletin board receives a 
connect request.

If you initiate a connection with the CONNECT command, the timing of 
the entry into Converse or Transparent Mode is determined by NEWMODE.

If the TNC is already in Converse or Transparent Mode when the 
connection is completed, the mode will not be changed. If you have 
typed part of a command line when the connection is completed, the 
mode change will not take place until you complete the command or 
cancel the line. This prevents the last part of your command from 
inadvertently being sent as a packet.



@Connect             call#1 [Via call#2[call#3...call#9]]

Parameters:

      call#1 - Callsign of the TNC to be connected to.

      call#2 - Optional callsign of TNC to be digipeated
               through. As many as eight digipeat addresses
               can be specified.

The part of the command line in brackets, VIA call2[,call3...,call9] 
is optional. The double-bracketed text, ,call3...,call9, is also 
optional, but would only be used if 'VIA call2' is present. The 
brackets should not be typed.

Each callsign may include an optional sub-station ID specified as 
'-n' immediately following the callsign. The digipeat fields are 
specified in the order in which you want them to relay the packets 
to the destination, 'call1'.

CONNECT is an immediate command. It initiates a connect request to 
TNC 'call1', optionally through digipeaters. If NEWMODE is on, the 
TNC will immediately enter Converse Mode or Transparent Mode, as 
specified by the command CONMODE. If NEWMODE is OFF, the TNC will 
enter Converse Mode or Transparent Mode when connection is 
successfully completed.

An error message is returned if the TNC is in a connected state, or 
is already attempting to connect or disconnect. If no response to 
the connect request occurs after the number of attempts specified by 
RETRY, the command is aborted and a message typed. The TNC returns 
to Command Mode if NEWMODE is ON. If NEWMODE is OFF, the mode does 
not change, i.e. the TNC remains in Command Mode.

For example, to connect to WA7GXD using N0ADI-1 (who is near your 
QTH) and WD0ETZ (who is near GXD's QTH) as digipeaters, you would 
type:

             CONNECT WA7GXD VIA N0ADI-1,WD0ETZ

Packets coming back from WA7GXD access the digipeaters in the 
opposite order. Thus, packets from WA7GXD will first be repeated by 
WD0ETZ, then by N0ADI-1.


@CONOk ON|OFF        Default : ON     Display Group : L

Parameters:

     ON - Connect requests from other TNCs will be accepted

    OFF - Connect requests from other TNCs will be rejected

This command determines the action taken by the TNC when a connect 
request for it is received through the radio. If CONOK is ON, the 
request will be acknowledged, the standard connect message will be 
typed and either Converse or Transparent mode will be entered, 
depending on the setting of CONMODE.

If CONOK is OFF and the TNC is not in Transparent Mode, the TNC will 
notify you of the connect attempt with the following message:

      connect request: <call>

The callsign of the station trying to connect will replace <call>.

The TNC will also issue a DM packet, or "busy signal" to the 
requesting station. The user may then issue his own connect command. 
If your TNC receives a DM packet in response to a connect request, it 
will type the message:

      *** <call> station busy

with the callsign of the station that sent the DM packet in place of 
<call>.

For example, if you want to leave your station running as a 
digipeater you might set CONOK OFF until you are ready for a 
conversation. If you get a connect request in the meantime you 
can change your mind. Stations attempting to connect to your TNC will 
be able to see that the station is up but not available for 
connection (it might still be useful as a digipeater).


@CONPerm ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : L

Parameters:

     ON - The current connection on the current stream will not be
          allowed to enter the disconnected state.

    OFF - The current stream may be connected to and disconnected
          from other stations.

This command when switched ON, forces the packet controller to 
always maintain the current connection, even when frames to the 
other stations exceed retry attempts to get an acknowledgement. 
RESTART will not affect this connected state.

This command only takes effect when a connection is established. It 
functions on a stream-by-stream basis when multiple connections are 
allowed.


@CONStamp ON|OFF     Default : OFF    Display Group : M

Parameters:

       ON - Connect status messages are time stamped

      OFF - Connect status messages are not time stamped

This command enables time stamping of *** CONNECTED status messages. 
The date and time information is then available for use by Bulletin 
Board programs or other computer applications. The date and time 
must be set initially by the DAYTIME command before time stamping 
will occur. The date format is determined by the DAYUSA command.

For example, if CONSTAMP is ON, DAYUSA is ON and the date and time 
have been set, a connect message might appear as follows:

      *** CONNECTED to N2WX [05/28/85 16:28:31]



@CONVers

CONVERS is an immediate command, and will cause the TNC to exit from 
Command Mode into Converse Mode. Any link connections are not 
affected. Once in Converse Mode, everything you type is packetized 
and transmitted over the radio. Typing the Command Mode entry 
character returns the TNC to Command Mode.

Note: You can replace the command CONVERS with the single letter 'K'


@CPactime ON|OFF     Default : OFF    Display Group : T

Parameters:

     ON - Packet timeout is used in Converse Mode.

    OFF -Packet timeout is not used in Converse Mode.


This command enables the periodic automatic sending of packets in 
Converse Mode. This command may be used for computer communications,
such as Bulletin Board operation, when the full transparent mode 
features are not desired.

If CPACTIME is ON, characters are packetized and transmitted 
periodically as they are in Transparent Mode, but local editing and 
display features of Converse Mode are enabled, and software flow 
control may be used. For a discussion of how periodic packetizing 
works, see the command PACTIME, which controls the rate and mode of 
packet assembly.

You should set CR OFF in this mode, since otherwise the send-packet 
character will be inserted in the data being packetized even though 
it was not typed. In order to include <CR> characters in transmitted 
packets, set SENDPAC to a normally unused character (e.g. <CTRL-P>), 
at which point the TNC will treat <CR> as an ordinary character.

You can set CPACTIME ON for a mode of operation similar to full 
break-in CW, in which your text is transmitted soon after you type 
it, but in short bursts of a few characters, and the other station 
may break in at will. Some operators find it easier to carry on a 
conversation in this mode, since it eliminates the delays while long 
packets are being typed.


@CR ON|OFF           Default : ON     Display Group : L

Parameters:

     ON  -  The send-packet character, normally <CR>, is
            appended to all packets sent in Converse Mode.

    OFF  -  The send-packet character is not appended to
            packets.

When CR is ON, all packets sent in Converse Mode will include, as 
the last character of the packet, the send-packet character which 
forces the packet to be sent. If CR os OFF, the send-packet 
character is interpreted solely as a command to the TNC, not as data 
to be included in the packet, and furthermore, it will not be echoed 
to the terminal.

Setting CR ON and SENDPAC $0D resulted in a natural conversation 
mode. Each line is sent when a <CR> is entered, and arrives at its 
destination with a <CR> at the end of the line. If the station at 
the other end reports overprinting of lines on his display, you can 
set LFADD ON, or the other station can set AUTOLF ON.



@CStatus


CSTATUS is an immediate command which shows the stream identifier 
and link state of all ten streams (links), the current input and 
output streams, and whether or not each stream is "permanent" (See 
CONPERM).

An example of a display resulting from issuing a CSTATUS command is:

   cmd:CS
   A stream - IO Link state is: CONNECTED to 305MLB
   B stream - Link state is: CONNECTED to AD7I P
   C stream - Link state is: DISCONNECTED
   D stream - Link state is: CONNECTED to N0ADI via K9NG-2

The example above shows the A stream is the currently selected or 
active stream for both input an output, which is indicated by the I 
and O symbols. The B stream is connected to AD7I "permanently". All 
other streams' states are shown as they might normally appear with 
multiple connections.


     cmd:CS
     A stream - IO Link state is: CONNECTED to 305MLB
     B stream -    Link state is: CONNECTED to AD7I P
     C stream -    Link state is: DISCONNECTED
     D stream -    Link state is: CONNECTED to N0ADI via K9NG-2
     --------
     I stream -    Link state is: CONNECT in progress
     J stream -    Link state is: CONNECTED to KV7B via NK6K-1


@CText TEXT          Default : ""     Display Group : I

Parameters:

       TEXT - Any combination of characters and spaces, up
              to a maximum of 120 characters.

CTEXT specifies the text of the packet to be sent after a connection 
is made, if CMSG is ON. The default TEXT is an empty string, i.e., 
no message.

You can send multiple-line messages by including carriage return 
(<CR>) characters in the text. The <CR> character can be included by 
using the PASS character immediately preceding it (see the PASS 
command). If you enter a TEXT string longer than 120 characters, an 
error message will appear and the command will be ignored.

For example, you might set your CTEXT message to:

     I'm not here tight now, but you may leave a message

To clear the CTEXT text without issuing a RESET command, use a % or 
& as the first character in the message.


 @DAytime date & time

Parameters:

      date & time - Current date and time to set

This command allows you to set the current date and time for the 
TNC. The format for entering the date and time is:

     yymmddhhmm

where 'yy' is the last two digits of the year. 'mm' is the two-digit 
month code (01-12), 'dd' is date (01-31), 'hh' is the hour (00-23), 
and  'mm' is the minutes after the hour (00-59). All these codes 
must be exactly two digits, so that numbers from 0 to 9 must be 
entered with leading zeros. The TNC does not check thoroughly for 
the correct number of days in a month, so you should use some 
judgement when you set the date.

The date&time parameter is used by the commands CONSTAMP and MSTAMP 
to "time stamp" received and monitored messages. Entries in the 
"heard" (displayed by MHEARD) are also time stamped continuously as 
long as it is powered up. You must reset the date and time each time 
you turn off the TNC. If you don't so this, the commands CONSTAMP 
and MSTAMP will not enable time stamping.

If you type DAYTIME without a parameter, the TNC will display the 
current date&time. The format of the display is dd-mm-yy hh:mm if 
DAYUSA is OFF, and mm/dd/yy hh:mm if DAYUSA is ON. The format for 
entering date&time is not affected. For example,

      cmd:DAYTIME 8402291530

sets the date and time to February 29, 1984 at 3:30pm. The display 
of the date and time, with DAYUSA ON would be:

     cmd:DAYTIME
     02/29/84  15:30:26


@DAYUsa ON|OFF       Default : ON     Display Group : M

Parameters:

       ON - Date is displayed in the format mm/dd/yy

      OFF - Date is displayed in the format dd-mm-yy

This command determines the format for the TNC's display of the 
date. If DAYUSA is ON, the standard U.S. format is used; if DAYUSA 
is OFF, the standard European format is used. This command affects 
the date display used in "time stamps" as well as the display when 
DAYTIME is entered without parameters. The format for entering the 
time using DAYTIME is not affected.

For example, if DAYUSA is ON, the July 2, 1984 at 9:28:44 AM would be 
displayed as

      cmd:DAYTIME
      07/02/84 9:28:44

If DAYUSA is OFF the same date and time would appear as

      cmd: DAYTIME
      02-07-84 9:28:44


@DEAdtime n          Default : 33     Display group : T
 
 n = 0 - 250 in 10ms increments
 
DEAdtime specifies the time it takes a station's receiver to detect that a
remote transmitter has been keyed. It should be set to the time of the
SLOWEST acceptable radio on the channel. It must also allow for any squelch
delays and DCD lock time. DWAIT and TXDELAY should also be set to this same
value for everyone on the LAN.
 
A fairly fast VHF FM radio and TNC might take 210ms (DEA 21), while an HF
radio and TNCwill usually respond in 80ms (DEA 8). Some multi-mode radios and
TNCs operating at 1200 bps may respond in only 40ms (DEA 4). The default
value (DEA 33) will safely cover the majority of FM radios in common packet
use.
 
@DELETE ON|OFF       Default : OFF    Display Group : C

Parameters:

      ON - The delete character input editing character is
           <DELETE> ($7F)

     OFF - The delete character input editing character is
           <BACKSPACE> ($08)

This command is used to change the input editing command for 
character deletion. When this character is typed, the last character 
from the input line is deleted. How the TNC indicates the deletion 
is controlled by the BKONDEL command.

You can not use this character to delete past the beginning of a 
line, although you can delete <CR> characters that have been entered 
in the test with the pass character.

To see a corrected display of the current line after you have 
deleted characters, type the redisplay-line character, which is set 
by the REDISPLA command.



@DIGipeat ON|OFF     Default : ON     Display Group : C

Parameters:

     ON - The TNC will digipeat packets if requested

    OFF - The TNC will not digipeat packets

When this parameter is ON, any packet received that has your callsign 
(including SSID) in the digipeat list of its address field will be 
retransmitted. Each station included in the digipeat list relays the 
packet in its turn, marking the packet so that it will not 
accidentally relay it twice (unless requested), and so that the 
stations will relay the packet in the correct order.

In the spirit of cooperation typical of Amateur operation you will 
probably want to set DIGIPEAT ON most of the time. However, you 
might want to disable digipeating if you're not home, or if your 
transmit relay makes enough noise to wake you up at night.

The command HID enables automatic transmission of identification 
packets if your station is acting as a digipeater.


@DISCONNE

DISONNE is an immediate command. It will initiate a disconnect 
request with the currently connected station. A successful 
disconnect results in the display of:

     *** DISCONNECTED

Other commands may be entered while the disconnect is taking place, 
although connects are disallowed until the disconnect is completed. 
If the retry count is exceeded while waiting for the other side to 
acknowledge, the TNC moves to the disconnected state. If a 
disconnect command is entered while the TNC is disconnecting , the 
retry count is immediately set to the maximum number. In either 
case, the disconnect message is:

     *** retry count exceeded
     *** DISCONNECTED

Disconnect messages are not displayed when the TNC is in Transparent 
Mode.


@DISPLAY [class]

Parameters:

      class - Optional parameter-class identifier, one of
              the following:

             ASYNC     display asynchronous port parameters
             CHARACTE  display special characters
             HEALTH    display LED and TNC status
             ID        display ID parameters
             LINK      display link parameters
             MONITOR   display monitor parameters
             TIMING    display timing parameters

DISPLAY is an immediate command, and with no CLASS parameter will 
cause all control parameters and their current values to be 
displayed. Sub-Groups of related parameters can be displayed by 
specifying the optional parameter-class. Individual parameters can 
be displayed by entering the parameter name with no options.


@DWait n             Default : 3      Display Group : I

Parameters :

        n = 0 - 250  specifying default wait time in 10 ms
                     intervals.

This value is used to avoid collisions with digipeated packets. The 
TNC will wait the default wait time after last hearing data on the 
channel before it begins its own keyup sequence, unless the TNC is 
waiting to transmit digipeated packets. This value should be agreed 
on by all members of a local area when digipeaters are used in the 
area. the best value will be determined by experimentation, but will 
be a function of the keyup time (TXDELAY) of the digipeater stations.

This feature is intended to help alleviate the drastic reduction in 
throughput that occurs on a channel when digipeated packets suffer 
collisions. It is necessary because digipeated packets are not 
retried by the digipeater, but must be restarted by the originating 
station. If all stations specify a default wait time, and the right 
value of 'n' is chosen, the digipeater will capture the frequency 
every time it has data to send, since digipeated packets are sent 
without delay.

Do not set DWAIT to 0.


@Echo ON|OFF         Default : ON     Display Group : A

Parameters:

         ON - Characters received from the computer or terminal
              are echoed by the TNC.

        OFF - Characters are not echoed.

This command controls local echoing from the TNC when it is in 
Command or Converse Mode. Local echoing is disabled in Transparent 
Mode.

If you don't see your input on the display, you should set ECHO ON. 
If you see two copies of every character you type, you should set 
ECHO OFF. If you see the characters you type displayed correctly, 
you have ECHO set correctly.



@EScape ON|OFF       Default : OFF    Display Group : A

Parameters:

      ON - The <ESCAPE> character ($1B) is output as "$" ($24)

     OFF - The <ESCAPE> character is output as <ESCAPE> ($1B)

This command specifies the character which will be output when an 
<ESCAPE> character is to be sent to the terminal. The <ESCAPE> 
translation is disabled in Transparent Mode.

This command is provided because some terminals, and computer 
programs that emulate such terminals, interpret the <ESCAPE> 
character as a special command prefix. Such terminals may alter 
their displays depending on the characters that follow the <ESCAPE>. 
If you have such a terminal, you can protect yourself from 
unexpected text sequences and from other packeteers by setting 
ESCAPE ON.

See also the MFILTER command, which allows general character 
stripping (rather than character translation) in monitored packets.


@FIRMRnr ON|OFF      Default : ON     Display Group : L

Parameters:

   ON -  When this TNC's buffers fill, an RNR is sent.
         When the buffers are no longer full, an RR command frame is sent.
         When this TNC receives an RNR, it will not poll the sending 
         TNC until [T0*10 seconds].
         T0=CHECKtime*8 unless CHECKtime*8 is <30 or >253 in which case T0=12.

   OFF - When this TNC's buffers fill, an RNR is sent in response to an I 
         frame. When this TNC receives an RNR, it will resend the data 
         every FRACKtime (T1) until an RR is received.

When OFF, standard AX.25 Level 2 Version 2.0 protocol procedures are used. If
a TNC sending data receives an RNR, meaning the remote TNC cannot accept more
data, the sending TNC will continuously re-send the data every T1 (FRACK)
time until an RR is received, meaning the remote TNC accepted the data. This
often results in a lot of unnecessary channel congestion.

When FIRMRNR is ON, this TNC will stop sending data upon receipt of an RNR.
If the remote TNC does not send an RR before [T0] (see above), this TNC will
poll the remote TNC to be sure it is still active. If this TNC sent the RNR,
then it will send an RR when its buffers have cleared to allow more data to
be received.

NOTE: The remote TNC should be capable of FIRMRNR operation. This mode is
      operable with all TNCs having a FIRMRNR settable to ON, and with most
      network nodes. If the remote TNC is not capable of FIRMRNR operation,
      and if the channel is poor, there will be additional delays in getting
      data passed between the TNCs.


@FLOW ON|OFF         Default : ON     Display Group : A

Parameters:

      ON - Type-in flow control is active.

     OFF - type-in flow control is disabled.

When type-in flow control is enabled, any character entered from the 
terminal will halt output to the terminal until: (1) a packet is 
forced (in Converse Mode); (2) a line is completed (in Command 
Mode); (3) the packet length is exceed; or (3) the terminal output 
buffer fills up. Cancelling the current command or packet or typing 
the redisplay character will also cause output to resume. type-in 
flow control is not used in Transparent Mode.

setting FLOW ON will keep received data from interfering with data 
entry. If you ( and the person you are talking to) wait for a packet 
from the other end before starting to respond, you can set FLOW OFF. 
Some Bulletin Board programs may work best with FLOW OFF. Some 
computers with "software UARTs" may be unable to send and receive 
data at the same time; users of such computers should set FLOW ON.



@FRack n             Default : 8      Display Group : T

Parameters:

     n = 1-15, specifying frame acknowledgment timeout in 1
               second intervals.

After transmitting a packet requiring acknowledgment, the TNC will 
wait for the frame acknowledgment timeout before incrementing the 
retry counter and sending the frame again. If the packet address 
includes relay requests, the time between retries will be adjusted 
to:

     Retry interval = n * (2*m + 1)

where 'm' is the number of relay stations.

When a retried packet is sent, a random time is added to any other 
wait times in use. This is to avoid lockups in which two TNCs 
repeatedly send packets which collide with each other.



@FULLDUP ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : L

Parameters:

     ON - Full duplex mode is enabled

    OFF - Full duplex mode is disabled

When full duplex mode is disabled, the TNC makes use of the Data 
Carrier Detect signal from the modem to avoid collisions, and 
acknowledges multiple packets in a single transmission with a single 
acknowledgment. When full duplex mode in enabled, the TNC ignores 
the DCD signal and acknowledges packets individually, such as 
through OSCAR 10. It should not be used unless both your station and 
the station you are communicating with are full-duplex stations.

You may find full-duplex mode useful for some testing operations, 
such as analog or digital loopback tests.



@HEaderln ON|OFF     Default : OFF    Display Group : M

Parameters:

      ON - The header for a monitored packet is printed on a 
           separate line from the packet text.

     OFF - The header and packet text of monitored packets
           are printed on the same line.

This command affects the display format for monitored packets. If 
HEADERLN is OFF, the address information is displayed with the 
packet:

     KV7D>N2WX: Go ahead and transfer the file.

If HEADERLN is ON, the address information is displayed, followed by 
the packet text on a separate line:


     N2WX>KV7D:
     Sorry, I'm not quite ready yet.

If you have set MRPT ON or enabled MSTAMP, you may wish to set 
HEADERLN ON, as the packet header quickly becomes long enough to 
fill a screen when these functions are active.


@HEAlled ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : H

Parameters:

    ON - The packet controller will "dither" the CON and STA LEDs.

   OFF - The packet controller will control the CON and STA LEDs
         in normal fashion.

This command allows the user to redifine the functions of the two 
CPU controllable LEDs (i.e. the STAtus and the CONnect LEDs).

When HEALLED is set ON, the two LEDs flash in an alternate fashion. 
The LEDs will probably not flash if the software is not operating 
correctly.

With HEALLED set OFF, the LEDs function in their normal fashion, 
indicating the presence of a connection and whether unacknowledged 
frames exist.


@HId ON|OFF          Default : OFF    Display Group : I

Parameters:

       ON - Enables HDLC identification by a digipeater

      OFF - Disables HDLC identification

This command is issued to enable or disable the sending of 
identification packets by the TNC. If HID is OFF, the TNC will never 
send an identification packet. If HID is ON, the TNC will send an 
identification packet every 9.5 minutes IF THE STATION IS 
DIGIPEATING PACKETS. the ID command allows the operator to send a 
final identification packet if the station is being taken off the 
air.


An identification consists of an unsequenced I frame whose data 
field is your station identification. the identification packet is 
addressed to the "CQ" address set by the UNPROTO command. Your 
station identification is your callsign as set by MYCALL, with /R 
appended.


@ID

ID is an immediate command. It will send a special identification 
packet. ID can be used to force a final identification packet to be 
sent as a digipeater station is being taken off the air. The 
identification packet will be sent only if the digipeater has 
transmitted since the last automatic identification.

An identification consists of an unsequenced I frame whose data 
field is your station identification. The identification packet is 
addressed to the "CQ" address set by the UNPROTO command. Your 
station identification is your callsign as set by MYCALL, with "/R" 
appended.

@KISS  ON/OFF        Default : OFF    Display Group : L
 
Parameters:
 
       ON - Serial Line Interface Protocol (SLIP) is used between 
            the TNC and the attached computer. The TNC executes a 
            very limited instruction set arbitrating channel access 
            only and, depending on the computer, to handle all Level 
            2 and higher protocol issues. 
 
      OFF - The TNC operates using the commands and messages 
            contained in this version of firmware.
 
This command is used to enter the KISS mode for operation with 
various experimental protocols. KISS is used with intelligent 
computers. The most popular use has been with the KA9Q TCP/IP 
networking software.
 
To operate KISS with this version, enter the command KISS ON, then 
the command RESTART (*NOT* RESET). The CON and STA LEDs will flash 
three times when initially activated. The command will then have 
effect for subsequent power on/off cycles. To return to normal 
operation, enter the command PARAM <device> 255 at the
 
  NET>
 
prompt if you are running the KA9Q TCP/IP software. If you are not 
using this software, send the three bytes $C0, $FF, $C0 to the TNC 
to restore normal operation. If you cannot send these characters 
with the software you are using, you must power the TNC off, 
disconnect the bbRAM battery for several minutes, then reconnect the 
battery and power up again to restore normal operation.
 
 
The commands available in KISS mode are:
 
Command       Function      Comments
 
0             Data frame    The rest of the frame is data to be sent.
 
1             TXDELAY       The next byte is the transmitter keyup time in
                            10ms units. Default is 50 (500ms).
 
2             P             The next byte is the persistence parameter, P,
                            scaled to the range 0 - 255. The probability of
                            transmitting at the next opportunity is P/255.
                            Default is 64 (probability of 0.25).
 
3             Slot time     The next byte is the slot interval in 10ms units.
                            Default is 10 (100ms).
 
4             Tx Tail       The next byte is the time to hold the transmitter
                            after the FCS has been sent, in 10ms units.
                            The command is obsolete but is included for
                            completeness with earlier versions.
 
5             Full Duplex   The next byte is 0 for half duplex (normal) or
                            any other number for full duplex (e.g. for
                            MicroSat operation).
 
FF            Return        Exit KISS mode and resume normal TNC operation.
 
 
NOTE  The TNC will only return type 0 frames (received information). 
Thus the computer cannot interrogate the TNC to find the values of 
other command types.

@LCAlls              call#1[,call#2...,call#8]

Parameters:

      call - Callsign list. Up to 8 calls, separated by commas.

Each callsign may include an optional Sub-Station ID specified as 
'-n' immediately following the call. This command works in 
conjunction with BUDLIST and allows selective monitoring of other 
stations packets. These two commands determine which packets will be 
displayed when you have MONITOR ON. BUDLIST specifies whether the 
callsigns in the list are the ones you want to ignore or, 
alternatively, are the ones you want to listen to.

If you want to listen only for packets from a limited list, you 
should enter your selected list with LCALLS and set BUDLIST ON.

If you want to ignore packets from a limited list, you should list 
the callsigns to ignore in LCALLS and set BUDLIST OFF.


@LCok ON|OFF         Default : ON     Display Group : A

Parameters:

     ON - The TNC will send lower case characters to the computer
          or terminal.

    OFF - The TNC will translate lower case characters to upper case.

If LCOK is OFF, lower case characters will be translated to upper 
case before being output to the terminal. This case translation is 
disables in Transparent Mode. Input characters and echoes are not 
translated.

If your terminal or computer does not accept lower case characters 
it may react badly if the TNC sends such characters to it. This 
command allows you to translate all lower case characters received in 
packets, as well as messages from the TNC, to upper case.

Since echoes of the characters are NOT translated to upper case, you 
can use this command to make your display easier to read when you 
are conversing in connected mode. If you and the other stations 
operator set LCOK OFF, you can each type your messages in lower case 
an see incoming packets displayed in upper case. It will then be 
easy to distinguish incoming and outgoing packets.


@LCStream ON|OFF     Default : ON     Display Group : C

Parameters:

When LCSTREAM is ON, the character immediately following the 
STREAMSWITCH character is converted to upper case before being acted 
upon. When off, the case is insignificant.


@LFADD ON|OFF        Default : OFF    Display Group : L

Parameters:

       ON - A <LF> character is added to outgoing packets following 
            each <CR> transmitted in the packet.

      OFF - No <LF> is added to outgoing packets

This function is similar to AUTOLF, except that the <LF> characters 
are added to outgoing packets rather than to text displayed locally. 
This feature is included in order to maintain compatibility with 
other packet Radio Controllers. If the person you are talking to 
reports overprinting of packets from your station you should set 
LFADD ON. This character insertion is disabled in Transparent Mode.


@LFIgnore ON|OFF     Default : OFF    Display Group : L

Parameters:

        ON - Line feed characters are ignored in COMMAND and
             CONVERSE modes.

       OFF - Line feed characters are acted upon in COMMAND and 
             CONVERSE modes.

This command controls whether the packet controller responds to 
ASCII line feed ($0A) characters or ignores them in COMMAND and 
CONVERSE modes.

When turned ON, line feeds are totally ignored except in Transparent 
Mode. When turned OFF, line feeds are processed normally.

The LFIGNORE command is useful when incoming data has imbedded line 
feed characters that cause double spacing of the data on your screen 
or printer. 

NOTE: See the LFADD command description. The transmitting station 
may have the LFADD command set ON inadvertently.


@MAll ON|OFF         Default : ON     Display Group : M

Parameters:

       ON - Monitored packets include both "connected" and
            "unconnected" packets

      OFF - Monitored packets include only "unconnected"
            packets

This command determines the class of packets which are monitored. If 
MALL is OFF, only otherwise eligible packets (as determined by the 
BUDLIST and LCALLS commands) sent by other TNCs in the unconnected 
mode are displayed. This is the normal manner of operation when this 
TNC is being used to talk to a group of TNCs all of which are 
unconnected.

If MALL is ON, all otherwise eligible frames are displayed, 
including those sent between two other connected TNCs. This mode may 
be enabled for diagnostic purposes or for "reading the mail".



@MAXframe n          Default : 4      Display Group : L

Parameters:

       n = 1 - 7, signifying a number of packets

MAXFRAME sets an upper limit on the number of unacknowledged packets 
which the TNC can have outstanding at any one time. This is also the 
maximum number of contiguous packets which can be sent during any 
given transmission. If some but not all of the outstanding packets 
are acknowledged, a smaller number may be transmitted next time, or 
new frames may be included in the retransmission, so that the total 
unacknowledged does not exceed 'n'.

If you perform file transfers, you should experiment with MAXFRAME 
and PACLEN. If the link is good, there is an optimum relationship 
between parameters set by these commands so that the maximum numbers 
of characters outstanding does not exceed the packet receive buffer 
space of the TNC receiving the data.



@MCOM ON|OFF         Default : OFF    Display Group : M

Parameters:

         ON - Connect, disconnect, UA and DM frames are monitored.

        OFF - Only information frames are monitored.


This command enables monitoring of connect and disconnect frames 
when MONITOR is ON.

When MCOM is OFF, only I frames (packets containing user 
information) will be displayed. When MCOM is ON four protocol 
packets will also be displayed. Connect, disconnect, UA and DM 
packets that are monitored are indicated by <C>, <D>, <UA> and <DM> 
respectively. As with other monitor commands, the stations monitored 
are determined by BUDLIST and LCALLS.



@MCon ON|OFF         Default : ON     Display Group : M

Parameters:

       ON - Monitor mode remains active when TNC is connected.

      OFF - Monitor mode is off while the TNC is connected.

If MCON is ON, the MONITOR command will enable monitoring while your 
TNC is connected to another TNC. If MCON is OFF, the display of 
monitored packets is suspended when a connect occurs, and is resumed 
when the TNC is disconnected.


@MFilter             n1[,n2[,n3[,n4]]]

Parameters:

        n = 0 - $7F,  specifying an ASCII character code .
                      Up to 4 characters may be specified.

This command allows you to specify characters to be "filtered", or 
eliminated from monitored packets. The parameters 'n1,'  'n2,' etc.,  
are the ASCII codes for the characters you want to filter. You can 
enter the code in either hex or decimal.

For example, if a <CTRL-L> character causes your screen to be 
cleared, and you don't want this to happen, you can set MFILTER 12. 
If you also want to eliminate <CTRL-Z> characters, which some 
computers interpret as end-of-file markers, you can set MFILTER 12,
26.


@MHClear

MHCLEAR is an immediate command. It causes the list of stations 
heard to be cleared. You can use this command in conjunction with 
MHEARD to keep track of the stations on the air over a given period 
of time, such as an evening or a week. Clear the list of stations 
heard when you first begin to monitor the packet activity.


@MHeard

MHEARD is an immediate command. It causes the TNC to display the 
list of stations that have been heard since the last time the 
command MHCLEAR was given. Stations that are heard digipeating are 
marked with an * in the heard log. If you clear the list of stations 
heard at the beginning of a session, you can use this command to 
easily keep track of the stations that are active during that 
period. The maximum number of heard stations that can be logged is 
18. If more stations are heard, earlier entries are discarded. 
Logging of stations heard is disabled when PASSALL is ON.

If the DAYTIME command has been used to set the date and time, 
entries in the heard log will be time stamped. For example,

     cmd:MHEARD
     K4NTA*      O6/09/86   21:08:19
     KC2FF-7*    06/09/86   21:08:17
     W1BEL-2*    06/09/86   21:06:18
     WD4AOQ      06/09/86   20:59:38
     N2WX
     cmd:

Note that no daytime string is displayed next to N2WX. This 
indicates that when N2WX was last heard the clock had not been set.


@MNonax25 ON|OFF     Default : OFF    Display Group : M

Parameters:

      ON -  Monitors all frames with valid CRC.

     OFF -  Monitors AX.25 Level 2 Protocol frames with no 
            higher-level protocols  (PID = F0).

When OFF, only AX.25 Level 2 protocol frames will be displayed. Any 
packets with level 3 or level 4 protocols will be inhibited. Thus, 
NET/ROM, TCP/IP, ROSE, etc., networking frames will not be displayed. 
These frames often have binary values buried in them which cause 
undesirable responses on a normal screen display.

When ON, any packet or frame with a valid CRC will be displayed 
regardless of protocol.


@Monitor             Default : ON     Display Group : M

Parameters:

      ON - Monitoring of packet activity is enabled.

     OFF - Monitoring of packet activity is disabled.

If MONITOR is ON and the TNC is not in Transparent Mode, packets not 
addressed to your TNC may be displayed. The addresses in the packet 
are displayed along with the data portion of the packet, e.g.:


     N2WX>W5FD-3: I'm ready to transfer the file now.

The calls are separated by a ">" and the sub-station ID field (SSID) 
is displayed if it is other than 0. The MALL, BUDLIST, and LCALLS 
commands determine which packets are to be monitored. The MCON 
command controls the action of monitor mode when the TNC is 
connected. All monitor functions are disabled in Transparent Mode.

The format of the monitor display is controlled by HEADERLN. If you 
want to see the station addresses on a separate line from the text, 
you can set HEADERLN ON. MRPT enables monitoring of the digipeater 
route as well as source and destination addresses for each packet. 
MSTAMP includes a time stamp with the addresses if DAYTIME has been 
set.


@MRpt ON|OFF         Default : ON     Display Group : M

Parameters:

       ON - Displays the stations in the digipeat path for
            monitored packets.

      OFF - Display only the source and destination stations
            for monitored packets.

This command affects the way monitored packets are displayed. If 
MRPT is OFF, only the originating station and the destination are 
displayed for monitored packets. If MRPT is ON, the entire digipeat 
list is displayed for monitored packets, and stations that have 
already relayed the packet are indicated with an asterisk.

For example,

     WB9FLW>AD7I,K9NG*, N2WX-7:Hi Paul.


This packets, sent from WB9FLW to AD7I, has been relayed by K9NG but 
not N2WX-7. With MRPT OFF, the same packet would be displayed as,

     WB9FLW>AD7I:Hi Paul.

Setting MRPT ON increases the length of the address display, and you 
may wish to set HEADERLN ON as well to display this information on a 
separate line.



@MStamp ON|OFF       Default : OFF    Display Group : M

Parameters:

      ON - Monitored frames are time stamped.

     OFF - Monitored frames are not time stamped.

This command enables time stamping of monitored packets. The date 
and time information is then available for use for automatic logging 
of packet activity or other computer applications. The date and time 
are initially set by the DAYTIME command, and the date format is 
determined by the DAYUSA command.

Setting MSTAMP ON increases the length of the address display, and 
you may want to set HEADERLN ON as well to display this information 
on a separate line.



@MYAlias             call[-n]         Display Group : I

Parameters:

      call -  Alternate identity of your TNC.
              'n' = 0 -15, an optionally specified sub-station ID
              (SSID).

This command specifies an alternate callsign (in addition to the 
callsign specified in MYCALL) for use a digipeater ONLY.

Use of this command permits HID to identify normally with the 
MYCALL-specified callsign, yet permits an alternate (alias) 
repeat-only "callsign".


@MYcall call[-n]     Default : NOCALL Display Group : I

Parameters:

      call - Callsign of your TNC.

  n = 0-15 - An optionally specified sub-station ID (SSID)

This command tells the TNC what its callsign is. This callsign will 
be placed in the FROM address field for all packets originated by 
your TNC. It will accept frames with this callsign in the TO field 
and relay frames with this callsign in the digipeat field. MYCALL 
will also be used for identification purposes (see HID and ID).

The default callsign MUST be changed for proper operation of the 
protocols. There should never be more tan one station with the same 
callsign (including SSID) on the air at once. The SSID can be used 
to distinguish two stations with the same Amateur call. The SSID 
will be 0 unless explicitly set to another value.



@NEwmode ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : L

Parameters:

       ON - Switching to data transfer mode occurs at the time of 
            the CONNECT command and return to Command Mode is
            automatic at the time of disconnection.

      OFF - Switching to data transfer mode occurs at time of
            connection and no return to Command Mode occurs at
            disconnection.

The NEWMODE command may be used to select the way the TNC behaves 
when connections are made and broken.

If NEWMODE is OFF, the TNC will remain in Command Mode after you 
issue a CONNECT command until a connection is actually established. 
When the connection is established, the TNC will enter Converse Mode 
or Transparent Mode, depending on the setting of CONMODE. When the 
connection is terminated, the TNC remains in Converse or Transparent 
mode unless you have forced it to return to Command Mode. This is 
the same as the behaviour of TNC1 (running 3.x software) under these 
conditions.

If NEWMODE is ON, the TNC will enter Converse Mode or Transparent 
Mode as soon as you issue a CONNECT command, without waiting for the 
connection to be established. Anything you type will be packetized 
to be transmitted once the connection is complete. When the 
connection is broken, or if the connect attempt fails, the TNC will 
return to Command Mode.

If you have a Bulletin Board program designed to work with a TNC1 
you should set NEWMODE OFF if the program relies on the sequence of 
actions used by TNC1. Otherwise, you should choose the setting for 
NEWMODE that seems most convenient to you.



@NOmode ON|OFF       Default : OFF    Display Group : L

Parameters:

      ON - The controller will switch modes (Command, Converse
           or Transparent) upon explicit command.

     OFF - The packet controller will switch modes in accordance
           with the setting of NEWMODE>

When NEWMODE is ON, the TNC will -NEVER- jump on its own between 
CMD: and CONVERSE or TRANSPARENT mode or vise versa. Only user 
commands <CONV, TRANS, or ^C) will change the type-in mode.

If the NEWMODE parameter is OFF then mode jumping is handled 
according to NEWMODE and the Rev 1 or Rev 2 TNC2 System manual.


@NUcr ON|OFF         Default : OFF    Display Group : A

Parameters:

       ON - <NULL> characters are sent to the terminal following
             <CR> characters.

      OFF - <NULL> characters are not sent to the terminal
            following <CR> characters.

This command causes transmission of <NULL> characters (ASCII code 
$00), producing an effective delay following any <CR> sent to the 
terminal. The number of <NULL> characters is determine by the 
command NULLS. This delay is required by some hardcopy terminals. 
You need to set NUCR ON if your terminal misses one or more 
characters after responding to a <CR>. 

See also, NULLS.



@NULf ON|OFF         Default : OFF    Display Group : A

Parameters:

    ON - <NULL> characters are sent to the terminal following <LF>
         characters.

   OFF - <NULL> characters are not sent to the terminal after <LF>
         characters.

This command causes transmission of <NULL> characters (ASCII code 
$00), producing an effective delay following any <LF> sent to the 
terminal. The number of <NULL> characters is determined by the 
command NULLS.

This delay is required by some display terminals. You need to set 
NULF ON if your terminal sometimes misses characters at the 
beginning of the line.

See also, NULLS.


@NULLs n             Default : 0      Display Group : A

Parameters:

     n = 0 - 30, the number of <NULL>s to be added after <CR> or <LF>

This command specifies the number of <NULL> characters (ASCII code 
$00) to send to the terminal after a <CR> or <LF> is sent. In 
addition to setting this parameter value, NUCR and/or NULF must be 
set to indicate whether nulls are to be sent after <CR>, <LF>, or 
both.

Devices requiring nulls after <CR> are typically hardcopy devices 
requiring time for carriage movement. Devices requiring nulls after 
<LF> are typically CRTs which scroll slowly.

Extra null characters are sent only in Command and Converse Modes.


@PACLEN n            Default : 128    Display Group : L

Parameters:

     n = 0 - 255, specifying the maximum length of the data
                  portion of a packet. The value 0 is equivalent 
                  to 256.

The TNC will automatically transmit a packet when the number of 
input bytes for a packet reaches 'n'. This value is used both in 
Converse and Transparent Modes.


@PACTime             EVERY|AFTER n    Display Group : T

Parameters:
     
     EVERY - Packet timeout occurs EVERY n*100 milliseconds

     AFTER - Packet timeout occurs when n*100 milliseconds elapse
             with no input from the computer or terminal.

     n = 0 - 250, specifying 100 ms intervals.

This parameter is always used in Transparent Mode, and will be used 
in Converse Mode if CPACTIME is ON. When EVERY is specified, input 
bytes are packetted and queued for transmission every n*100ms.

When AFTER is specified, bytes are packaged when input from the 
terminal stops for n*100ms. 

In no case will a zero length packet be produced, and the timer is 
not started until the first byte is entered. If n=0, packets are 
generated with no wait time.


@PARity n            Default : 3      Display Group : A

Parameters:

      n = 0 - 3, selecting a parity option according to the
                 following code: 0=none, 1=odd, 2=none, 3=even.

This command sets the parity mode for terminal or computer data 
transfer. The parity bit, if present, is automatically stripped on 
input and not checked in Command Mode and |Converse Mode.

In Transparent Mode, all eight bits, including parity if any, are 
transmitted in packets. If "no parity" is set and AWLEN is 7, the 
eighth bit will be set to 0 in Transparent Mode.


@PASs n              Default : $16    Display Group : C
                                 <CTRL-V> 

Parameters:

       n = 0 - $7F, specifying an ASCII character code.

This command selects the ASCII character used for the "pass" input 
editing command. The parameter 'n' is the ASCII code (hex or 
decimal) for the character typed in order to include the following 
character in a packet or text string.

You can use the character in a packet to send ANY character in 
packets, even though that character may have some special function 
for the TNC. 

A common use for the PASS character  is to allow <CR> to be included 
in the BTEXT and <CTEXT> messages. Similarly, you can include <CR> 
in text when you are in Converse MOde, to send multi-line packets.

(The default send-packet character is <CR>)


@PASSAll ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : L

Parameters:

        ON - The TNC will accept packets with invalid CRCs.

       OFF - The TNC will only accept packets with valid CRCs.

This command causes the TNC to display packets received with invalid 
CRC fields if they consist of an even multiple of 8 bits and up to 
339 bytes. The TNC will attempt to decode the address field and 
display the callsign(s) in the standard monitor format, followed by 
the text of the packet.

If you set PASSALL ON and monitor a moderately noisy channel 
you will periodically see "packets" received with errors from random 
noise.

Logging of stations heard (for display of MHEARD) is disabled 
whenever PASSALL is ON, since the callsigns detected may be 
incorrect.


@RECOnnect           call#1 [VIA call#2[,call#3...,call#9]]

Parameters:

      call#1 - Callsign to be reconnected to.

      call#2 - Optional callsign(s) to be digipeated through.

RECONNECT is an immediate command. It may be used to change the path 
through which you are currently connected to a station. It may only 
be used when your TNC is connected on the current stream to a 
station to which you wish to RECONNECT.

The integrity of the outstanding frames at the time of RECONNECT is 
not assured. For details regarding the parameter list see the 
CONNECT command.


@REDispl n           Default : $12    Display Group : C
                                 <CTRL-L>

Parameters:

       n = 0 - $7F, specifying an ASCII character code.

This command is used to change the redisplay-line editing character. 
The parameter 'n' (hex or decimal) is the ASCII code for the 
character you type in order to redisplay the current input line.

When you type the redisplay-line character type-in flow control is 
temporaily released (if it was enabled), displaying any incoming 
packets that are pending. Then a <BACKSLASH> character is typed and 
the line you have begun is retyped on the next line. If you have 
deleted and retyped characters, only the final form of the line will 
be shown. You are now ready to continue typing.

Use the redisplay-line character to see a "clean" copy of your input 
with a printing terminal after deleting characters. If you have 
BKONDEL OFF, deletions are designated with <BACKSLASH> characters, 
rather than by trying to correct the input line display.

You can also use this character if you are typing in a message in 
Converse Mode and a packet comes in. You can see the incoming 
message before you send your packet, without cancelling your input.


@RESET

This is an immediate command. It resets all the parameters to 
default settings and re-initalizes the TNC.

WARNING! - All parameter and monitor lists are lost.

If you want to re-initalize the TNC using the parameter values in 
battery backed-up RAM, use the RESTART command or turn the TNC off 
then on.


@RESPTIME n          Default : 0      Display Group : T

Parameters:

       n = 0 - 250, specifying 100ms increments.

This command sets a minimum delay that is imposed on acknowledgement 
packets. This delay may run concurrently with default wait set by 
DWAIT and any random wait in effect.

This delay may be used to increase throughput during operations such 
as file transfer when the sending TNC usually sends the maximum 
number of full length packets. Occasionally, the sending TNC may not 
have a packet ready in time to prevent transmission from being 
stopped temporarily, with the result that the acknowledgement of 
earlier packets collides with the final packet of the series. If the 
receiving TNC sets RESPTIME to 10, these collisions will be avoided.


@RESTART

RESTART is an immediate command. It re-initializes the TNC using the 
defaults stored in bbRAM. The effect of this command is the same as 
turning the TNC OFF then ON again. RESTART does not cause a reset of 
the parameters in bbRAM.

See also RESET.


@REtry n             Default : 10     Display Group : L

Parameters:

     n = 0 - 15, specifying the maximum number of retransmissions.

The protocol allows for retries, i.e., retransmissions of frames 
that are not acknowledged. Frames are re-transmitted 'n' times 
before the operation is aborted. A value of 0 for 'n' specifies an 
infinite number of retries. 

If the number of retries is exceeded, the TNC goes to the 
disconnected state (with an informative message if not in 
Transparent Mode). 

See also the FRACK command.


@RXblock ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : A

Parameters:

      ON - The TNC will send data to the terminal in RXBLOCK format.

     OFF - The TNC will send data to the terminal in standard format

RXBLOCK is designed for automated operations such as Bulletin Board 
stations. It is intended to help such systems discriminate between 
data received from the connected station and TNC generated messages.

Correct operation of RXBLOCK is dependant upon the AWLEN parameter 
getting set to 8 (bits) since the character FF hex marks the 
beginning of a received data unit header.

When RXBLOCK is ON, data from other stations will be sent from the 
TNC in the following format:

            +------------------------------------------------+
            |   $FF     |   L0 |  L1   |   PID   |    DATA   |
            +------------------------------------------------+
              (Prefix)     (Length)       (Pid)      (Data)

The fields above are defined as follows:

Prefix      $FF  ::= A character with all 8 bits set
Length      L0   ::= The high order data length, length and pid
                     fields logically ORed with $F0
            L1   ::= The low order data length, length and pid fields
Pid         PID  ::= The Protocol IDentifier byte received for the
                     following data field
Data        DATA ::= [optional], variable length data

For best operation it is suggested that parameters like AUTOLF, 
MFILTER etc. be set OFF in order to prevent uncertainties in the 
size of the data field.

@RXCAL                                Display Group : NONE

RXCAL is an immediate command. It is used for precise alignment of 
the demodulator. Briefly, after the modulator tones are set using 
the normal CALIBRATE routines, analog loopback is entered and RXCAL 
issued. You then tune the demodulator until the CON and STA LEDs are 
both lit, or slowly alternate. See the section New Calibration 
Procedures for details on using this command with a TAPR TNC 2.


@Screenln n          Default : 0      Display Group : A

Parameters:

        n = 0 - 255, specifying the screen or platen width of the
                     terminal in characters.

This command i used to properly format terminal output. A <CR><LF> 
sequence is sent to the terminal in Command and Converse Modes after 
'n' characters have been sent. 

A value of zero inhibits this action. 

If your computer automatically formats output lines, you should set 
SCREENLN 0 to avoid conflict.



 @SEndpac n          Default : $0D    Display Group : C
                                 <CR> 

Parameters:

         n = 0 - $7F, specifying an ASCII character.

This command selects the ASCII code (parameter 'n') for the 
character that will force input to be packetized and queued for 
transmission in Converse Mode. You can enter the code in either hex 
or decimal.

For ordinary conversation, you willprobably set SENDPAC $0D and CR ON.
This causes the <CR> to be included in the packet. 

If you have set CPACTIME ON, you will probaly set SENDPAC to some value
not normally used (say <CTRL-A), and set CR OFF. This will allow you to 
force packets to be sent, but will not result in extra <CR> characters
being transmitted in the text.


@SLots n             Default : 3      Display Group : L

Parameters:

        n =  0-127

SLOTS specifies the number of "slots" from which to choose when 
deciding to access the channel. For example, SLOTS 3 means there are 
three slots, each having a probability of 1/3 to be selected. Each 
slot is DEADTIME long. If SLOTS 0 is chosen, the TNC will act as if 
SLOTS 1 had been selected. Other implementations of this idea of 
channel access use "PERSISTENCE" to decide the probability of 
channel access when the channel is clear and "PPERSISTENCE" to 
enable or disable this feature.

A low value means a greater chance of attempting to send data when 
the channel is clear, and a higher value means less chance. Normal 
AX.25 practice is to have every station jump on the channel when it 
goes clear, virtually assuring collisions and retries.

SLOTS and its relation to the more common PPERSISTENCE and 
PERSISTENCE commands are given below:

  SLOTS  PPERSISTENCE  PERSISTENCE  Probability to XMIT

  1      OFF           255          Jump on = 100%
  2      ON            127          50%
  3      ON            85           33%
  4      ON            63           25%
  5      ON            51           20%

and so forth.

A typical value would be 2 or 3 for a channel with a few other users 
and 5 to 7 for a fairly busy channel. Higher values than about 10 
imply the channel is too busy and other frequencies should be used 
if available.

NOTE: SLOTS is independent of ACKPRIOR.

@STArt n             Default : $11    Display Group : C
                                 <CTRL-Q> 

Parameters:

   n = 0 - $7F, specifying an ASCII character code.

This command selects the User restart character which is used to 
restart output from the TNC to the terminal after it has been halted 
by typing the stop character. You can enter the code in either hex 
or decimal.

The user stop character is set by the STOP command.

If the User Restart and User Stop characters are set to $00, 
software flow control to the TNC is disabled, and the TNC will only 
respond to hardware flow control (CTS).

If the same character is used for both User Restart and User Stop 
characters the TNC will alternately start and stop transmission upon 
receipt of the characters.


@STATUS

STATUS is an immediate command. It returns the acknowledged status 
of the current outgoing packet link buffer. If all outgoing packets 
are acknowledged, STATUS returns 'No Outstanding packets', otherwise 
it returns the 'Outstanding packets' message. Note that this command 
works independently of the RS-232 flow-control state of the TNC.

This command may be useful for special applications, like if you can't see
the STATUS LED on the TNC, or you want your computer to watch the status.


@STOp n              Default : $13    Display Group : C
                                 <CTRL-S> 

Parameters:

     n = 0 - $7F,  specifying an ASCII character. 

This command selects the User Stop character, which is used to stop 
output from the TNC to the terminal. This is the character used to 
halt the TNCs output and stop scrolling. Output is restarted with the 
User Restart character, which may be set using the START command.

If the User Restart and User Stop characters are set to $00, 
software flow control to the TNC is disabled, and the TNC will only 
respond to hardware flow control (CTS).

If the same character is used for both User Restart and User Stop 
characters the TNC will alternately start and stop transmission upon 
receipt of the characters.


@STREAMCa ON|OFF     Default : OFF    Display Group : C

Parameters:

   ON - Callsign of other station is displayed.

  OFF - Callsign of other station is not displayed.

This command is used to enable the display of the connected-to 
station after the stream identifier. This is particularly useful 
when operating with multiple connections allowed. It is somewhat 
analogous to the use of MRPT to show digipeat paths when monitoring.

In the example below, the characters inserted by STREAMCALL are 
clearly seen:

     STREAMCAll ON                        STREAMCAll OFF

|A:K4NTA:Hi Howie                       |A Hi Howie
Hello Ted how goes it?                  Hello Ted how goes it?
|B:N7CL:*** CONNECTED to N7CL           |B *** CONNECTED to N7CL
|B:Ted, AZ on other stream              |B Ted, AZ on other stream

Thus, what looked like "|B" now appears as "|B<Callsign>:". This 
option is very useful for human operators trying to operate multiple 
simultaneous connections. It is probably less useful for "host" 
operations.

Note that, in the first example the STREAMSWitch characters "|A" and 
"|B" with no ":" after them were entered by the operator of the TNC 
to switch streams for his multiple-connect QSO(s). If you intend to 
operate multiple connections (as opposed to having your "host" 
computer operate multiple connections), use of this option is 
recommended.


@STREAMDbl ON|OFF    Default : OFF    Display Group : C

Parameters:

    ON - Double all received STREAMSWITCH characters.

   OFF - Do not "double" received STREAMSWITCH characters.

This command is used to display received STREAMSWitch characters by 
"doubling" them. The example below illustrates this action.

With STREAMDbl ON, and STREAMSWitch set to"|", the following might 
be displayed from your TNC:

     ||this is a test

In this case the sending station actually transmitted

     |this is a test

The same frame received with STREAMBbl OFF would be displayed as:

     |this is a test

When operating with multiple connections, this is useful for 
differentiating between STREAMSWitch characters received from other 
stations and STREAMSWitch characters internally generated by your 
TNC.

NOTE: The STREAMSWitch character must NOT be one of the letters A-J 
for this command to function properly.


@STREAMSWitch n      Default : $7C    Display Group : C
                                 <|> 

Parameters:

    n = 0 - $FF specifying the ASCII character.

This command selects the character used by both the TNC and the user 
that a new "stream" (connection channel) is being addressed.

The character can be PASSed in CONVERS mode. It is always ignored as 
a user-initiated stream switch in TRANSPARENT mode, and flows 
through as data. This means that the outgoing stream can not be 
changed while "on-line" in TRANSPARENT Mode (you must escape to 
COMMAND mode to switch streams).

For further usage of the character, see the STREAMDbl and STREAMCAll 
commands.

@TRACE ON|OFF        Default : OFF    Display Group : L

Parameters:

       ON - Trace mode is enabled.

      OFF - Trace mode is disabled.

This command is used to enable the protocol debugging function. When 
TRACE is ON, all received frames will be displayed in their 
entirety, including all header information. In normal operation 
you would probably never need this function; however,, if you need to 
report an apparent software bug, we may ask you to provide trace 
information if possible.

A trace display will appear in four columns on an 80 column display. 
Following is an example trace display. For comparison, the frame 
shown in the trace example would be monitored as follows:

     KV7B>CQ,KF7B*:this is a test message

The trace display would look something like this:

byte ------------hex display------------ -shifted ASCII-- ------ASCII-----
000: 86A24040 40406096 AC6E8440 4060968C CQ    OKV7B  OKF ..@@@@'..n.@@'..
010: 6E844040 E103F074 68697320 69732061 7B  P.x:449.49.0 n.@@...this is a
020: 20746573 74206D65 73736167 650D     :29:.6299032.    test message.

The 'byte' column shows the offset into the packet of the line. The 
'hex display' column shows the next 16 bytes of the packet, exactly 
as received, in standard hex format. The 'shifted ASCII' column 
attempts to decode the higher order seven bits of each byte as an 
ASCII character code. The ASCII column attempts to decode the low 
order 7 bits of each byte as an ASCII character code. 

In a standard AX.25 packet the callsign address will be displayed 
correctly in the shifted ASCII column. A text message will be 
displayed correctly in the ASCII column. Non-printing characters and 
control characters are displayed in both ASCII fields as ".". You 
can examine the hex display field to see the contents of the 
sub-station ID byte and the control bytes used by the protocol.


@Trans

This is an immediate command. It causes the TNC to exit from Command 
Mode into Transparent Mode. The current link state is not affected.

Transparent Mode is primarily useful for computer communications. In 
this mode the "human interface" features such as input editing 
capability, echoing of input characters, and type-in flow control 
are disabled.


@TRFlow ON|OFF       Default : OFF    Display Group : A

Parameters:

       ON - Software flow control can be enabled for the computer
            or terminal in Transparent Mode.

      OFF - Software flow control is disabled for the computer
            or terminal in Transparent Mode.
 
If TRFLOW is ON, the settings of START and STOP are used to determine 
the type of flow control used in Transparent Mode. If TRFLOW is OFF, 
only hardware flow control os available to the computer and all 
characters received by the TNC are transmitted as data.

If START and STOP are set to $00, disabling the User Stop and User 
Restart characters, hardware flow control must always be used by the 
computer.

If TRFLOW is ON, and START and STOP are non-zero, software flow 
control is enabled for the users computer or terminal. The TNC will 
respond to the User's Restart and Users Stop characters (set by 
START and STOP) while remaining transparent to all other characters 
from the terminal. Unless TXFLOW is also ON, only hardware flow 
control is available to the TNC to control output from the terminal.


@TRIES n             Default : NONE   Display Group : L

Parameters:

     n = 0-15, specifying the current RETRY level on the currently
               selected input stream.

This command is used to retrieve (or force) the count of "tries" on 
the currently selected input stream.

When used with no argument: if the TNC has an outstanding 
unacknowledged frame, it will return the current number of tries; if 
the TNC has no unacknowledged frames, it will return the number of 
tries required to obtain an acknowledgement for the previous frame.

If RETRY is set to 0, the value returned by issuing a TRIES command 
will always be 0.

This command is useful for obtaining statistics on the performance 
of a given path or channel. It should be especially useful for 
automatic optimizing of such parameters as PACLEN and MAXFRAME by 
computer-oriented stations, such as automatic message forwarding 
stations using less-than-optimum paths (noisy HF or satellite 
channels, for example).

If followed by an argument, TRIES will force the "tries" counter to 
that entered value. This usage is NOT recommended.


@TXDelay n           Default : 33     Display Group : T

Parameters:

    n = 0 - 120, specifying 10 ms intervals

This value tell the TNC how long to wait after keying up the 
transmitter before sending data. Some startup time is required by 
all transmitters to put a signal on the air; some need more, some 
need less. In general crystal controlled rigs with diode antenna 
switching don't need much time, synthesized rigs need time for PLL 
lockup, and rigs with mechanical T/R relays will need time for 
physical relay movement.

The correct value for a particular rig should be determined by 
experimentation. The proper setting of this value may also be 
affected by the requirements of the station you are communicating 
with.


@TXDELAYC n          Default : 2      Display Group : T

Parameters:

    n =  0-120 specifying additional transmit delay time added to 
         TXdelay in terms of CHARACTER TIME at the current radio 
         port data rate. Flags will be sent during this time, so a 
         value of 1 is required as a minimum.

TXDELAYC is used to fine-tune transmit delay after a transmit 
command is issued and before data is sent. Used in conjunction with 
TXDELAY, it allows a link to be set for maximum performance.

TXDELAY should be used to account for the time it takes the radio 
(the slower of this TNC's radio and the remote TNC's radio) to 
switch between receive and transmit and allow the receiving unit's 
data carrier detect (DCD) circuit to respond. "0" bytes are sent 
to allow the remote TNC to synchronize to the data stream sent 
during TXDELAY.

TXDELAYC then sends flags to start the frame. If TXDELAYC 0 is 
selected, the TNC will act as if TXDELAYC 1 had been chosen.

With this method of keying up, a user may operate at various HDLC 
data rates without having to reset TXDELAY if the same radios are 
used. The summation of TXDELAY and TXDELAYC will automatically 
adjust the keyup time for the varying rates.


@TXFlow  ON|OFF      Default : OFF    Display Group : A

Parameters:

       ON - Software flow control is enabled for the TNC in
            Transparent Mode.

      OFF - Software flow control is disabled for the TNC in
            Transparent Mode.

If TXFLOW is ON, the setting of XFLOW is used to determine the type 
of flow control used in Transparent Mode. If TXFLOW is OFF, the TNC 
will use only hardware flow control and all data sent to the 
terminal remains fully transparent.

If TXFLOW and XFLOW are ON, the TNC will use the TNC Restart and TNC 
Stop characters (set by XON and XOFF) to control the input from the 
terminal. Unless TRFLOW is also ON, only hardware flow control is 
available to the computer or terminal to control output from the TNC.

Note that if the TNC Restart and TNC Stop characters are set to $00, 
hardware flow control will always be selected regardless of the 
setting of TXFLOW.

@TXUIframe ON/OFF    Default : OFF    Display group : L
 
ON    The TNC will "flush its buffers" to the radio port on loss of
      connection.
 
OFF   The TNC will only send BEACON and ID frames as unconnected (UI) frames.
      It will discard information in its buffers on loss of connection.
 
 
Setting TXUIframe OFF will prevent all but BEACON and ID unconnected (UI)
frames from being originated and transmitted. This is useful for BBS and
other stations which tend to leave UNACKed data in the TNC transmit buffer
when a connection is lost. With TXUIframe OFF channel congestion is reduced
because now useless data is never sent.
 
NOTE:  TXUIframe has NO effect on the digipeating of UI frames. It only
affects frames from the originating station.

@UNPROTO call#1 [VIA call#2[,call#3...,call#9]]
                                      Display Group : I

Parameters:

     call#1 - Callsign to be placed in the TO address field.

call#2 to 9 - Optional digipeater list, up to eight calls.

This command sets the digipeat and destination address fields of 
packets sent in unconnected (unprotocol) mode.

Unconnected packets are sent as unsequenced 'I' frames with the 
destination and digipeat fields taken from 'call#1' through 'call#9' 
options. 

The default destination for unconnected packets is CQ.

Unconnected packets from other TNCs may be monitored by setting 
MONITOR ON and BUDLIST and LCALLS appropriately. The digipeater list 
is also used for BEACON packets (which are sent to destination 
address BEACON).

@USers n             Default : 1      Display Group : L

Parameters:

     n = 0 - 10, indicating the number of simultaneous 
                 connections allowed.

USERS affects only the manner in which incoming connect requests are 
handled, and has no effect on the number or handling of connections 
you may initiate from the TNC. For example:

 USERS 0  allows incoming connections on any free stream
 USERS 1  allows incoming connections on stream A only
 USERS 2  allows incoming connections on streams A & B, and so
          on through to USERS 10.


@Xflow ON|OFF        Default : ON     Display Group : A

Parameters:

       ON - XON/XOFF flow control is enabled.

      OFF - XON/XOFF flow control is disabled and hardware flow
            control is enabled.

If XFLOW is ON, the computer or terminal is assumed to respond to 
the TNC Restart and TNC Stop characters set by XON and XOFF. If 
XFLOW is OFF, the TNC will communicate flow control commands via RTS.


@XMitok ON|OFF       Default : ON     Display Group : L

Parameters:

       ON - Transmit functions are enabled.

      OFF - Transmit functions are disabled.

When XMITOK is OFF, transmitting is inhibited. All other functions 
of the board remain the same, in other words, the TNC generates and 
sends packets but does not key the radio PTT line.

You might use this command to ensure that your TNC does not transmit 
in your absence if you leave it to monitor packet activity. This 
command can also be used for testing using loopback or direct wire 
connections when PTT operation is not relevant.


@XOff n              Default : $13    Display Group : C
                                 <CTRL-S> 

Parameters:

    n = 0 to $7F, specifying an ASCII character code.

This command selects the TNC Stop character (hex or decimal), which 
is sent to by the TNC TO the computer or terminal to stop input from 
that device.

This character would normally be set to <CTRL-S> for computer data 
transfers. If you want notification in Converse Mode when the 
buffers are filled, set this character to <CTRL-G> ($07), which 
rings the terminal bell.

@XON n               Default : $11
                                 <CTRL-Q> 

Parameters:

    n = 0 to $7F, specifying an ASCII Character code.

This command selects the TNC Restart character (hex or decimal), which 
is sent to by the TNC TO the computer or terminal to restart input from 
that device.

This character would normally be set to <CTRL-Q> for computer data 
transfers. If you want notification in Converse Mode when the 
buffers are filled, set this character to <CTRL-G> ($07), which 
rings the terminal bell.

