There are several functions provided for the requirements of matrix algebra. The source code is provided so you can expand this section with your own source code. There are many popular sources of mathematical software in C which can be translated to C++. Here is a list of authors I like to use for code in C: Holub[13], Baker[3][5], Kassab[16], and Press[21]. These sources range from easy to hard. Most of the functions below are translations of C, ALGOL, Pascal or FORTRAN programs I have in my library. I have also produced some simple functions found in most matrix packages. Most of the routines are contained in VIRTOP.CPP, and work the same way under the in–ram and virtual memory models.