1. Introduction This is the twenty-second in a series of bibliographies on computer processing of pictorial information, covering primarily items published during 1991. The coverage is restricted almost entirely to a selected set of U.S. or international journals and conference proceedings. No attempt is made to summarize or evaluate the items cited; the purpose is simply to provide a convenient compendium of references, grouped by subject. The references are arranged under the following headings: (A) General references (B) Related topics (C) Applications (D) Architectures (E) Computational techniques (F) Feature detection and segmentation; image analysis (G) Two-dimensional shape; pattern (H) Color and texture (I) Matching and stereo (J) Three-dimensional recovery and analysis (K) Three-dimensional shape (L) Motion Letter/number codes in the text (A.1, etc.) correspond to sections of the bibliography. Papers, books, etc. relating primarily to specific topics will be cited in later sections. In this section we cite references that relate to more than one topic: (A.1) Meetings and meeting proceedings [1-28] (A.2) Textbooks [29-32], paper collections [33-36], a journal [37], special issues [38-41], position papers [42-44], a glossary [45], and the previous bibliography in this series [46]. 2. Related topics The following related areas are not covered systematically, but we give a few references on them: (B.1) Geometry (computational, digital, etc.): [47-57]. (B.2) Graphics and visualization: [58-78]. (See also (H.2), (J.3), and (K.4) for additional references on image synthesis.) (B.3) Communication [79-81], compression [82-92] (see also [93]), and digitization [94-111]; see also [112-113]. (B.4) Processing, enhancement: [114-133]. (B.5) Optical processing: [134-139]. (B.6) Visual perception: [140-155]. (B.7) Neural networks: [156-185]. (B.8) Artificial intelligence: [186-196]. 3. Applications (C.1) Documents*: [197-202]. (C.2) Biomedical*: [203-208]; see also [209-210] on microscopy and stereology. (C.3) Human: [211-229]. (C.4) Industrial*: [230-236]. (C.5) Robotic: [237-265]; see also [266-271]. (C.6) Remote sensing, reconnaissance [272-288]; see also [289-290]. 4. Architectures (D.1) General references [291-308]. (D.2) Meshes, hypercubes, etc. [309-332]. (D.3) Other systems [333-344] and related topics [345-350]. ____________________ *On these topics, individual papers are usually not cit- ed. 2 5. Computational techniques (E.1) Image operations: convolutions [351-355], morphological operations [356-371], etc. [372-374]. (E.2) Multiresolution and scale space methods [375-381]; see also [382-383]. (E.3) Geometric transformations [384-386]; calibration [387-397]. (E.4) Interpolation, fitting, approximation [398-421]. (E.5) Estimation, etc. [422-440]; see also [441-442]. 6. Feature detection and segmentation; image analysis (F.1) Feature detection: edges and contours [443-469], lines [470], corners and junctions [471-474]. (F.2) Segmentation [475-503] (including thresholding, grouping, etc.). [See later sections on feature detection and segmentation for curves (G.3), color images and textures (H.1. and H.3), range or 3D data (J.1), and motion fields (L.2).] (F.3) Image analysis: general references on vision systems and object recognition [504-516]; see also [517-520] on spatial reasoning, [521] on visual learning, [522-525] on visual languages, and [526-534] on multidimensional formal languages. 7. 2D shape; pattern (G.1) Representations and recognition [535-550]; topology [551-562]. (G.2) Properties [563-583]. (G.3) Curves [584-596] and curve features [597-605]. (G.4) Distance [606-620]; skeletons [621-632] (see also [633]). (G.5) Path planning (2D, 3D, dynamic): [634-652]. 8. Color; texture (H.1) Reflectance, polarization [653-656]; color [657-669] and color edges [670-672]. 3 (H.2) Texture: models, synthesis [673-688]; see also [689-697]. (H.3) Texture: description [698-714], segmentation [715-719]. 9. Matching; stereo (I.1) Matching of strings and arrays [720-729], trees and graphs [730-734]. (I.2) Matching of images and regions [735-738], templates [739-740], patterns [741-747], and shapes [748-750]; see also [751]. (I.3) Hough transforms [752-767]. (I.4) Stereo: algorithms and systems [768-789]. (I.5) Stereo: extensions and related topics [790-802]. 10. 3D recovery and analysis (J.1) Range and surface shape sensing [803-816] and segmentation [817-825]; segmentation of 3D data [826-831]. (J.2) Recovery from shading [832-846] and contour [847-858]; see also [859-860]. (J.3) Image synthesis [861-880] and volume visualization [881-885]. 11. 3D shape (K.1) Representations and models [886-907]; general [908-913] and miscellaneous [914-919] uses of models. (K.2) Recognition and pose estimation [920-969]. (K.3) Geometric properties: topology [970-975], cross- sections [976-978], etc. [979-981]; projective relations [982-988], invariants [989-997]. (K.4) Display [998-1013], aspects [1014-1020]; intersections [1021-1028]. 4 12. Motion (L.1) Structure from motion [1029-1080]. (L.2) Motion estimation based on correspondence [1081-1090], flow [1091-1112], and spatiotemporal [1113-1118] methods; motion synthesis (animation) [1119-1128]. (L.3) Motion analysis from range [1129-1133] or binocular [1134-1138] data (see also [1139]); motion segmentation and transparency [1140-1146], independent motion detection [1147-1151], tracking [1152-1156]; non-rigid motion [1157-1165]; applications [1166-1174]; etc. [1175-1178]. For brevity, the following frequently cited sources are cited in abbreviated forms: A. Conference Proceedings Abbreviation Conference CVPR IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition DACBV IEEE Workshop on Directions in Automated CAD-Based Vision IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence SIGGRAPH SIGGRAPH '91 Conference SPIE Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers WVM IEEE Workshop on Visual Motion B. Journals Abbreviation Journal AI Artificial Intelligence CG Computer Graphics C&G Computers and Graphics CGA IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications DCG Discrete and Computational Geometry GMIP Graphical Models and Image Processing IJCV International Journal of Computer Vision IJPRAI International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence IJRR International Journal of Robotics Research IPL Information Processing Letters IS Information Sciences IU Image Understanding 5 IVC Image and Vision Computing JPDC Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing JVCIR Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation MVA Machine Vision and Applications PC Parallel Computing P-IEEE Proceedings of the IEEE PR Pattern Recognition PRL Pattern Recognition Letters SIAM JC SIAM Journal on Computing T-COMP IEEE Transactions on Computers T-IT IEEE Transactions on Information Theory T-PAMI IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence T-RA IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation T-SMC IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics T-SP IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing TCS Theoretical Computer Science TOG ACM Transactions on Graphics VC The Visual Computer REFERENCES A. General References A.1. Meetings 1. Special Issue-First European Conference on Computer Vision (Antibes, France, April 23-27, 1990), IVC 8(4), November 1990, 259-348. 2. R. Plamondon and H.D. Cheng, eds., Pattern Recognition: Architectures, Algorithms and Applications (Papers from the Fourth Vision Interface Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, May 14-18, 1990), World Scientific, Singapore, 1991. 3. W. Lim, P. Kahn, D. Weinshall, and A. Blake, AAAI-90 Workshop on Qualitative Vision (Boston, MA, July 29, 1990), AI Magazine 12(4), Winter 1991, 25-27. 4. British Machine Vision Conference, Oxford, UK, September 24-27, 1990. 6 5. B.T. Mitchell, ed., Image Understanding in the '90s: Building Systems that Work (Proceedings of the AIPR Workshop, McLean, VA, October 18-19, 1990), Proc. SPIE 1406. 6. M.R. Civanlar, S.K. Mitra, and R.J. Moorhead II, eds., Image Processing Algorithms and Techniques II (San Jose, CA, February 25-March 1, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1452. 7. E.B. Barrett and J.J. Pearson, eds., Image Understanding and the Man-Machine Interface III (Orlando, FL, April 3-4, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1472. 8. International Workshop on Visual Form, Capri, Italy, May 27-30, 1991. 9. Israel/Italy Symposium on Computer Vision, Capri, Italy, May 31, 1991. 10. Proceedings, Vision Interface '91, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, June 3-7, 1991 (Canadian Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Society). 11. Proceedings, CVPR '91 (IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), Maui, HI, June 3-6, 1991 (IEEE Computer Society Press). 12. NSF Workshop on the Challenges in Computer Vision Research, Maui, HI, June 7-8, 1991. 13. Fourth Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 14-17, 1991. 14. A.G. Tescher, ed., Applications of Digital Image Processing XIV (San Diego, CA, July 22-26, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1567. 15. S.S. Chen, ed., Stochastic and Neural Methods in Signal Processing, Image Processing, and Computer Vision (San Diego, CA, July 24-26, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1569. 16. B.C. Vemuri, ed., Geometric Methods in Computer Vision (San Diego, CA, July 25-26, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1570. 17. Seventh Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis, Aalborg, Denmark, August 13-16, 1991. 7 18. V. Cantoni, M. Ferretti, S. Levialdi, R. Negrini, and R. Stefanelli, Image Analysis and Processing (Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference, Como, Italy, September 4-6, 1991), World Scientific, Singapore, 1992. 19. R. Klette, ed., Computer Analysis of Image and Patterns (Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference CAIP '91, Dresden, Germany, September 17-19, 1991), Akademie Verlag, Berlin, 1991. 20. Computer Vision Applications-Meeting the Challenges (20th AIPR Workshop), McLean, VA, October 17-18, 1991. 21. K.H. Tzou and T. Koga, eds., Visual Communication and Image Processing '91: Image Processing (Boston, MA, November 11-13, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1606. 22. D.P. Casasent, ed., Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision X: Algorithms and Techniques; Neural, Biological, and 3-D Methods (Boston, MA, November 11-13, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1607, 1608. 23. R.M. Larson and H.N. Nasr, eds., Model-Based Vision Development and Tools (Boston, MA, November 14-15, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1609. 24. P.S. Schenker, ed., Sensor Fusion IV: Control Paradigms and Data Structures (Boston, MA, November 12-15, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1611. 25. B.G. Batchelor and F.M. Waltz, eds., Machine Vision Systems: Integration and Applications (Boston, MA, November 12-13, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1615a. 26. M.J.W. Chen, ed., High-Speed Architectures and Systems in Machine Vision (Boston, MA, November 14-15, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1615b. 27. Eighth Congress on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, Lyons, France, November 27-29, 1991. 28. Eighth Israeli Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision, Tel-Aviv, Israel, December 30-31, 1991. 8 A.2. Books, etc. 29. L.J. Galbiati Jr., Machine Vision and Digital Image Processing Fundamentals, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1990. 30. W.K. Pratt, Digital Image Processing (second edition), Wiley, New York, 1991. 31. C.A. Lindley, Practical Image Processing in C, Wiley, New York, 1991. 32. B.G. Batchelor, Intelligent Image Processing in Prolog, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 33. J. Xu, Image Analysis and Its Applications, World Scientific, Singapore, 1992. 34. M.M. Trivedi, ed., Selected Papers on Digital Image Processing, MS 17, SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1990. 35. R. Chellappa, ed., Digital Image Processing, Computer Society Press, Washington, DC, 1992. 36. R. Kasturi and R. Jain, eds., Computer Vision, Vol. 1: Principles; Vol. 2: Advances and Applications, Computer Society Press, Washington, DC, 1991. 37. Y. Zhuravlev, ed., Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis (Soviet), Allen Press, 1991ff. 38. K.H. Tzou and H.M. Hang, guest eds., Special Section on Visual Communications and Image processing III, Optical Engineering 30(7), July 1991, 863-1004. 39. T. Kanade and K. Ikeuchi, guest eds., Special Issue on Physical Modeling in Computer Vision, T-PAMI 13(7), July 1991, 609-742. 40. M. Ejiri and S. Tsuji, guest eds., Special Issue on Computer Vision and its Applications, IEICE Trans. on Information and Systems E74(10), October 1991, 3367-3491. 41. Y. Yasuda, guest ed., Special Issue: Visual Communication and Image Representation in Japan, JVCIR 2(4), December 1991, 301-380. 42. R.C. Jain and T.O. Binford, Ignorance, myopia, and naivete in computer vision systems, IU 53, 1991, 112-117. (Responses by: M.A. Snyder, 118-119; Y. Aloimonos and A. Rosenfeld, 120-124; T.S. Huang, 9 125-126; K.W. Bowyer and J.P. Jones, 127-128; M. Kunt, 54, 428-429.) 43. A. Rosenfeld, Computer vision-Past, present, and future, IS 57-58, 1991, 241-243. 44. Y. Aloimonos and A. Rosenfeld, Computer vision, Science 253, 1991, 1249-1254. 45. R.M. Haralick and L.G. Shapiro, Glossary of computer vision terms, PR 24, 1991, 69-93. 46. A. Rosenfeld, Image analysis and computer vision: 1990, IU 53, 1991, 322-365. B. Related Topics B.1. Geometry 47. G.M. Reed, A.W. Roscoe, and R.F. Wachter, eds., Topology and Category Theory in Computer Science (Oxford Topology Symposium, Oxford, UK, June 27-30, 1989), Oxford University Press, New York, 1991. 48. R.A. Melter, A. Rosenfeld, and P. Bhattacharya, eds., Vision Geometry (Proceedings of an AMS Special Session, Hoboken, NJ, October 20-21, 1989), American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1991. 49. Sixth Annual ACM Symposium on Computational Geometry, Berkeley, CA, June 6-8, 1990. 50. Seventh Annual ACM Symposium on Computational Geometry, North Conway, NH, June 10-12, 1991. 51. U. Eckhardt, A. Hubler, W. Nagel, and G. Weiner, eds., Geometrical Problems of Image Processing (Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop, Georgenthal, Germany, March 11-15, 1991), Akademie Verlag, Berlin, 1991. 52. J.R. Sack and J. Urrutia, eds., Computational Geometry-Theory and Applications, North-Holland, 1991ff. 53. F. Yao, Special Issue-ACM Symposium on Computational Geometry, DCG 6(5), 1991, 383-524. 54. J. O'Rourke, Computational geometry column 11, Intl. J. Computational Geometry and Applications 1, 1991, 93-98. 10 55. W. Boehm and H. Prautzsch, Geometric Concepts for Geometric Design, Jones & Bartlett, Boston, 1991. 56. E.G. Coffman Jr. and G.S. Lueker, Probabilistic Analysis of Packing and Partitioning Algorithms, Wiley, New York, 1991. 57. J. Stolfi, Oriented Projective Geometry, Academic Press, Boston, 1991. B.2. Graphics, Visualization 58. B. Wyvill and R.A. Earnshaw, guest eds., Special Issue on Computer Graphics International '89, VC 7(2-3), 1991, 59-169. 59. E.J. Farrell, ed., Extracting Meaning from Complex Data: Processing, Display, Interaction II (San Jose, CA, February 26-28, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1459. 60. Ninth Annual Eurographics (UK) Conference, Sheffield, UK, April 10-12, 1991. 61. CG International '91: Visualization of Physical Phenomena, Cambridge, MA, June 22-28, 1991. 62. SIGGRAPH '91 Conference Proceedings (Las Vegas, NV, July 28-August 2, 1991), CG 25(4), July 1991. 63. F.H. Post and W. Barth, eds., Eurographics '91 (Vienna, Austria, September 2-6, 1991), North- Holland, Amsterdam, 1991. 64. Eurographics Workshop on Computer Graphics and Mathematics, Genoa, Italy, October 28-31, 1991. 65. Visualization '91, San Diego, CA, October 21-25, 1991. 66. N. Magnenat-Thalmann and D. Thalmann, Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation, Wiley, New York, 1990ff. 67. Visual Integration of Complex Data, IBM J. R&D 35(1-2), January-March 1991. 68. T.L. Kunii, guest ed., Special Section: Visualizing Complexity, CGA 11(5), September 1991, 30-78. 11 69. G. Hoggar, Mathematical Foundations of Computer Graphics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1990. 70. M.E. Mortenson, Computer Graphics Handbook: Geometry and Mathematics, Industrial Press, New York, 1990. 71. E. Tufte, Envisioning Information, Graphics Press, 1990. 72. J. Arvo, Graphics Gems II, Academic Press, Boston, 1991. 73. G. Garcia and I. Herman, Advances in Computer Graphics VI, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 74. S. Green, Parallel Processing for Computer Graphics, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 75. R. Latham, Dictionary of Computer Graphics Technology and Applications, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 76. D. Rogers, State-of-the-Art in Computer Graphics: Visualization and Modeling, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 77. D. Rogers and R. Earnshaw, Computer Graphics Techniques: Theory and Practice, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 78. P. Wisskirchen, Object-Oriented Graphics: From GKS and PHIGS to Object-Oriented Systems, Springer, Berlin, 1991. B.3. Communication, compression, digitization 79. IEEE Workshop on Visual Signal Processing and Communications, Hsinchu, Taiwan, June 6-7, 1991. 80. K.H. Tzou and T. Koga, eds., Visual Communications and Image Processing '91: Visual Communication (Boston, MA, November 11-13, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1605. 81. T.R. Hsing and A.G. Tescher, eds., Selected Papers on Visual Communication: Technology and Applications, MS 13, SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1990. 82. Data Compression Conference, Snowbird, UT, April 8-10, 1991. 12 83. M. Rabbani and P.W. Jones, eds., Digital Image Compression Techniques, TT 7, SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1991. 84. E.A. Fox, guest ed., Digital Multimedia Systems, Comm. ACM 34(4), April 1991, 26-119. 85. A.R. Calderbank, P.H. Siegel, and J.K. Wolf, guest eds., Special Issue on Coding for Storage Devices, T-IT 37(3), May 1991, 709-961. 86. P.M. Farrelle, Recursive Block Coding for Image Data Compression, Springer, Berlin, 1990. 87. J.W. Woods, Subband Image Coding, Kluwer, Norwell, MA, 1991. 88. W.E. Carlson, A survey of computer graphics image encoding and storage formats, CG 25, 1991, 67-75. 89. J.A. Storer and J.H. Reif, A parallel architecture for high-speed data compression, JPDC 13, 1991, 222-227. 90. C.T. Chen and T.R. Hsing, Digital coding techniques for visual communications, JVCIR 2, 1991, 1-16. 91. H. Radha, R. Leonardi, M. Vetterli, and B. Naylor, Binary space partitioning tree representation of images, JVCIR 2, 1991, 201-221. 92. P. Strobach, Quadtree-structured recursive plane decomposition coding of images, T-SP 39, 1991, 1380-1397. 93. J. Rissanen, Stochastic Complexity in Statistical Inquiry, World Scientific, Singapore, 1989. 94. R.J. Marks II, Introduction to Shannon Sampling and Interpolation Theory, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 95. Y.C. Hsueh, M.G. Chern, and C.H. Chu, Image requantization by cardinality distribution, C&G 15, 1991, 397-405. 96. A.C. Barkans, Hardware-assisted polygon antialiasing, CGA 11(1), 1991, 80-88. 97. E. Fiume, Coverage masks and convolution tables for fast area sampling, GMIP 53, 1991, 25-30. 13 98. N. Kiryati and A. Bruckstein, Gray levels can improve the performance of binary image digitizers, GMIP 53, 1991, 31-39. 99. H.J.A.M. Heijmans and A. Toet, Morphological sampling, IU 54, 1991, 384-400. 100. J. Kovacevic and M. Vetterli, The commutativity of up/downsampling in two dimensions, T-IT 37, 1991, 695-698. 101. P.W. Wong, On quantization errors in computer vision, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 951-956. 102. J. Sullivan, L. Ray, and R. Miller, Design of minimum visual modulation halftone patterns, T- SMC 21, 1991, 33-38. 103. M.K. Brown, On quantization of noisy signals, T- SP 39, 1991, 836-841. 104. S. Kollias and D. Anastassiou, A unified neural network approach to digital image halftoning, T- SP 39, 1991, 980-984. 105. C. Ai and A. Guoxiang, Removing the quantization error by repeated observation, T-SP 39, 1991, 2317-2320. 106. A.J. Cole, Halftoning without dither or edge enhancement, VC 7, 1991, 232-246. 107. A. Bani-Hashemi, Finding the aspect-ratio of an imaging system, CVPR, 122-126. 108. L. Velho and J. de Miranda Gomes, Digital halftoning with space filling curves, SIGGRAPH, 81-90. 109. A. Schilling, A new simple and efficient antialiasing with subpixel masks, SIGGRAPH, 133-141. 110. X. Wu, An efficient antialiasing technique, SIGGRAPH, 143-152. 111. D. Kirk and J. Arvo, Unbiased sampling techniques for image synthesis, SIGGRAPH, 153-156. 112. A.S. Diamond, Handbook of Imaging Materials, Dekker, New York, 1991. 14 113. P.G. Roetling, ed., Journal of Electronic Imaging, SPIE, 1992ff. B.4. Processing, enhancement 114. T. Suzuki, H. Ogura, and S. Fujimura, eds., Noise and Clutter Rejection in Radars and Imaging Sensors (Proceedings of an International Symposium, Kyoto, Japan, November 14-16, 1989), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1990. 115. Seventh IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop on Multidimensional Signal Processing, Lake Placid, NY, September 23-25, 1991. 116. J. Hershey and R. Yarlagadda, eds., Digital Signal Processing-A Review Journal, Academic Press, 1991ff. 117. F.A. Sadjadi, guest ed., Special Section on Performance Evaluation of Signal and Image Processing Systems, Optical Engineering 30(2), February 1991, 140-194. 118. R. Lagendijk and J. Biemond, Iterative Identification and Restoration of Images, Kluwer, Norwell, MA, 1991. 119. M. Imme, A noise peak elimination filter, GMIP 53, 1991, 204-211. 120. M. Irani and S. Peleg, Improving resolution by image registration, GMIP 53, 1991, 231-239. 121. L. Dash and B.N. Chatterji, Adaptive contrast enhancement and de-enhancement, PR 24, 1991, 289-302. 122. M.K. Kundu and S.K. Pal, Automatic selection of object enhancement operator with quantitative justification based on fuzzy set theoretic measures, PRL 11, 1990, 811-829. 123. R.H. Park and P. Meer, Edge-preserving artifact-free smoothing with image pyramids, PRL 12, 1991, 467-475. 124. P. Saint-Marc, J.S. Chen, and G. Medioni, Adaptive smoothing: A general tool for early vision, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 514-529. 15 125. D. Eberly, H. Longbotham, and J. Aragon, Complete classification of roots to one-dimensional median and rank-order filters, T-SP 39, 1991, 197-200. 126. M. Juhola, J. Katajainen, and T. Raita, Comparison of algorithms for standard median filtering, T- SP 39, 1991, 204-208. 127. H. Sari-Sarraf and D. Brzakovic, Automated iterative noise filtering, T-SP 39, 1991, 238-242. 128. O. Yli-Harja, J. Astola, and Y. Neuvo, Analysis of the properties of median and weighted median filters using threshold logic and stack filter representation, T-SP 39, 1991, 395-410. 129. I. Pitas and A.N. Venetsanopoulos, Adaptive filters based on order statistics, T-SP 39, 1991, 518-522. 130. G.R. Arce, Multistage order statistic filters for image sequence processing, T-SP 39, 1991, 1146-1163. 131. S. Ranka and S. Sahni, Efficient serial and parallel algorithms for median filtering, T-SP 29, 1991, 1462-1466. 132. Z.J. Gan and M. Mao, Two convergence theorems on deterministic properties of median filters, T-SP 39, 1991, 1689-1691. 133. X. Nie and R. Unbehauen, Edge preserving filtering by combining nonlinear mean and median filters, T- SP 39, 1991, 2552-2554. B.5. Optical processing 134. C.S. Williams and A. Becklund, Introduction to the Optical Transfer Function, Wiley, New York, 1989. 135. J. Tsujiuchi, Y. Ichioka, and S. Ishihara, eds., Optical Computing (Kobe, Japan, April 8-12, 1990), Proc. SPIE 1359. 136. G. Lebreton, ed., Optics for Computers: Architectures and Technologies (The Hague, The Netherlands, March 14-15, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1505. 137. D.M. Gookin, ed., Devices for Optical Processing (San Diego, CA, July 23-24, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1562. 16 138. J.A. Neff, ed., Optical Enhancements to Computing Technology (San Diego, CA, July 22-23, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1563. 139. B. Javidi, ed., Optical Information Processing Systems and Architectures III (San Diego, CA, July 23-26, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1564. B.6. Visual perception 140. D. Brogan, ed., Visual Search (Proceedings of the First International Conference, Durham, UK, September 5-9, 1988), Taylor and Francis, London, 1990. 141. Second International Conference on Visual Search, Durham, UK, September 3-6, 1990. 142. B.E. Rogowitz, M.H. Brill, and J.P. Allebach, eds., Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display II (San Jose, CA, February 27-March 1, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1453. 143. Conference on Spatial Vision in Humans and Robots, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, June 18-22, 1991. 144. Understanding Vision: An Interdisciplinary Perspective, Mind & Language 5(4), Winter 1990, 251-456. 145. J. Cronly-Dillon, ed., Vision and Visual Dysfunction, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1990. 146. R.B. Willberg, ed., The Learning, Memory, and Perception of Perceptual-Motor Skills (Human Movement Science 9(3-5), 1990), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991. 147. D.M. Lam and C.J. Shatz, eds., Development of the Visual System, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 148. R.H. Logie and M. Denis, eds., Mental Images in Human Cognition, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991. 149. R. Finke, Creative Imagery-Discoveries and Inventions in Visualization, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, 1990. 150. D.N. Osherson, S.M. Kosslyn, and J. Hollerbach, Visual Cognition and Action, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990. 17 151. E.J. Gibson, An Odyssey in Learning and Perception, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 152. M.S. Landy and J.A. Movshon, Computational Models of Visual Processing, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 153. T. Overington, Computer Vision-A Unified, Biologically Inspired Approach, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991. 154. K.H. Pribram, Brain and Perception-Holonomy and Structure in Figural Processing, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, 1991. 155. M. Tye, The Imagery Debate, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. B.7. Neural networks 156. D.M. Lam and C.D. Gilbert, eds., Neural Mechanisms of Visual Perception (Proceedings, Retina Research Foundation Symposium, Woodlands, TX, April 14-15, 1989), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1989. 157. R. Eckmuller, ed., Advanced Neural Computers (International Symposium on Neural Networks for Sensory and Motor Systems, Germany, March 1990), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1990. 158. F. Pasemann and H.D. Doebner, eds., Neurodynamics (Proceedings, Summer Workshop, Clausthal, Germany, July 17-20, 1990), World Scientific, Singapore, 1991. 159. M. Novak and E. Pelikan, eds., Theoretical Aspects of Neurocomputing (Selected papers from NEURONET '90, Symposium on Neural Networks and Neurocomputing, Prague, Czechoslovakia, September 10-14, 1990), World Scientific, Singapore, 1991. 160. S.K. Rogers, ed., Applications of Artificial Neural Networks (Orlando, FL, April 2-5, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1469. 161. E.R. Caianiello, ed., Parallel Architectures and Neural Networks (Fourth Italian Workshop, Salerno, Italy, May 8-11, 1991), World Scientific, Singapore, 1992. 18 162. T. Kohonen, K. Makisara, O. Simula, and J. Kangas, ed., Artificial Neural Networks (Proceedings of the 1991 International Conference, Espoo, Finland, June 24-28, 1991), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991. 163. IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing, Princeton, NJ, September 29-October 2, 1991. 164. Neuro-Nimes 91, Neural Networks and their Applications, Nimes, France, November 4-8, 1991. 165. ANNIE '91, International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks in Engineering, St. Louis, MO, November 10-12, 1991. 166. Second International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Bournemouth, UK, November 18-20, 1991. 167. M.S. Gazzaniga, ed., Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, MIT Press. 168. V.D. Sanchez A., ed., Neurocomputing, North-Holland, 1990ff. 169. B.W. Wah, guest ed., Special Issue on Artificial Neural Networks, T-COMP 40(12), December 1991, 1317-1435. 170. M.A. Arbib and J.A. Robinson, eds., Natural and Artificial Parallel Computation, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990. 171. G.A. Carpenter and S. Grossberg, eds., Pattern Recognition by Self-Organizing Neural Networks, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 172. F.H. Eeckman, ed., Analysis and Modeling of Neural Systems, Kluwer, Norwell, MA, 1991. 173. E. Gelenbe, ed., Neural Networks-Advances and Applications, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991. 174. I.K. Sethi and A.K. Jain, eds., Artificial Neural Networks and Statistical Pattern Recognition-Old and New Connections, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991. 175. H. Wechsler, ed., Neural Networks for Perception-1. Human and Machine Perception, Academic Press, Boston, 1992. 19 176. C.H. Chen, Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition and their Applications, World Scientific, Singapore, 1990. 177. I. Aleksander and H. Morton, An Introduction to Neural Computing, Van Nostrand, New York, 1991. 178. M. Caudill and C. Butler, Understanding Neural Networks-Computer Explorations, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 179. J. Dayhoff, Neural Network Architectures-An Introduction, Van Nostrand, New York, 1991. 180. B. Kosko, Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991. 181. S.K. Rogers and M. Kabrisky, An Introduction to Biological and Artificial Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition, TT 4, SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1991. 182. P.D. Wasserman, Neural Computing-Advanced Methods, Van Nostrand, New York, 1991. 183. P.D. Wasserman, Neural Computing-Theory and Practice, Van Nostrand, New York, 1991. 184. Y.T. Zhou and R. Chellappa, Artificial Neural Networks for Computer Vision, Springer, New York, 1992. 185. P.D. Wasserman and R.M. Oetzel, Neuralsource-The Bibliographic Guide to Artificial Neural Networks, Van Nostrand, New York, 1991. B.8. Artificial Intelligence 186. P. Jorraud and V. Sgurev, eds., Artificial Intelligence IV (Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, Applications, Albena, Bulgaria, September 19-22, 1990), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1990. 187. Seventh IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications, Miami Beach, FL, February 24-28, 1991. 188. M.M. Trivedi, ed., Applications of Artificial Intelligence IX (Orlando, FL, April 2-4, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1468. 20 189. AAAI-91, National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Anaheim, CA, July 14-19, 1991. 190. IJCAI-91, Twelfth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Sydney, Australia, August 24-30, 1991. 191. N.G. Bourbakis, ed., International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, World Scientific, 1992ff. 192. D. Partridge and Y. Wilks, eds., The Foundations of Artificial Intelligence-A Sourcebook, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1990. 193. U. Montanari and F. Rossi, Constraint relaxation may be perfect, AI 48, 1991, 143-170. 194. W.M. Lin and V.K. Prasanna Kumar, Parallel algorithms and architectures for discrete relaxation technique, CVPR, 514-519. 195. Z. Collin, R. Dechter, and S. Katz, On the feasibility of distributed constraint satisfaction, IJCAI, 318-324. 196. J.S. Albus, Outline for a theory of intelligence, T-SMC 21, 1991, 473-509. C. Applications C.1. Documents 197. R. Plamondon and G. Leedham, eds., Computer Processing of Handwriting (Graphonomics Society Conference, Trondheim, Norway, July 1989), World Scientific, Singapore, 1990. 198. From Pixels to Features III: International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR-2), Bonas, France, September 23-27, 1991. 199. ICDAR 91, First International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Saint-Malo, France, September 30-October 2, 1991. 200. P.S.P. Wang, ed., Character and Handwriting Recognition: Expanding Frontiers (IJPRAI 5(1-2), June 1991, 1-382), World Scientific, Singapore, 1991. 21 201. M.C. Mozer, The Perception of Multiple Objects-A Connectionist Approach, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 202. S. Impedovo, L. Ottaviano, and S. Occhinegro, Optical character recognition-A survey, IJPRAI 5, 1991, 1-24. C.2. Biomedical 203. Biomedical Optics '91 (SPIE), Los Angeles, CA, January 20-25, 1991. 204. R.H. Schneider, ed., Medical Imaging V: Image Physics (San Jose, CA, February 25-26, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1443. 205. Y. Kim, ed., Medical Imaging V: Image Capture, Formatting, and Display (San Jose, CA, February 24-26, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1444. 206. M.H. Loew, ed., Medical imaging V: Image Processing (San Jose, CA, February 27-March 1, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1445. 207. R.G. Jost, ed., Medical Imaging V: PACS Design and Evaluation (San Jose, CA, February 26-March 1, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1446. 208. A.C. Bovik and V. Howard, eds., Biomedical Image Processing II (San Jose, CA, February 25-27, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1450. 209. J.K. Udupa and G.T. Herman, eds., 3-D Imaging in Medicine, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1990. 210. A.C. Bovik, guest ed., Special Issue: Three- Dimensional Microscopy, MVA 4(4), Fall 1991, 211-285. C.3. Human 211. N. Magnenat-Thalmann and D. Thalmann, Synthetic Actors in Computer-Generated 3D Films, Springer, Berlin, 1990. 212. V. Bruce and M. Burton, eds., Processing Images of Faces, Ablex, Norwood, NJ, 1991. 22 213. U. Grenander, Y. Chow, and D.M. Keenan, Hands: A Pattern Theoretic Study of Biological Shapes, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 214. N. Magnenat-Thalmann and D. Thalmann, Complex models for animating synthetic actors, CGA 11(5), 1991, 32-44. 215. W. Long and Y.H. Yang, Log-Tracker: An attribute- based approach to tracking human body motion, IJPRAI 5, 1991, 439-458. 216. P.J. Benson and D.I. Perrett, Synthesizing continuous-tone caricatures, IVC 9, 1991, 123-129. 217. Z.Q. Hong, Algebraic feature extraction of image for recognition, PR 24, 1991, 211-219. 218. O. Nakamura, S. Mathur, and T. Minami, Identification of human faces based on isodensity maps, PR 24, 1991, 263-272. 219. J.S. Lipscomb, A trainable gesture recognizer, PR 24, 1991, 895-907. 220. M. Nahas, H. Huitric, M. Rioux, and J. Domey, Facial image synthesis using skin texture recording, VC 6, 1990, 337-343. 221. R. Boulic, N. Magnenat-Thalmann, and D. Thalmann, A global human walking model with real-time kinematic personification, VC 6, 1990, 344-358. 222. R. Maiocchi and B. Pernici, Directing an animated scene with autonomous actors, VC 6, 1990, 359-371. 223. M.A. Shackleton and W.J. Welsh, Classification of facial features for recognition, CVPR, 573-579. 224. M.A. Turk and A.P. Pentland, Face recognition using eigenfaces, CVPR, 586-591. 225. M. Yamamoto and K. Koshikawa, Human motion analysis based on a robot arm model, CVPR, 664-665. 226. H. Rijpkema and M. Girard, Computer animation of knowledge-based human grasping, SIGGRAPH, 339-348. 227. M.H. Raibert and J.K. Hodgins, Animation of dynamic legged locomotion, SIGGRAPH, 349-358. 23 228. C.B. Phillips and N.I. Badler, Interactive behaviors for bipedal articulated figures, SIGGRAPH, 359-362. 229. A. Shio and J. Sklansky, Segmentation of people in motion, WVM, 325-332. C.4. Industrial 230. IDENT/VISION (Fifth International Exhibition and Conference on Automatic Identification and Sensor Technologies; Fourth International Exhibition and Conference on Applied Machine Vision and Artificial Intelligence), Stuttgart, Germany, May 14-17, 1991. 231. Fourth World Conference on Robotics Research (SME/RI), Pittsburgh, PA, September 17-19, 1991. 232. International Robots and Vision Automation Show and Conference (RIA), Detroit, MI, October 21-24, 1991. 233. D.J. Svetkoff, ed., Optics, Illumination, and Image Sensing for Machine Vision VI (Boston, MA, November 14-15, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1614. 234. W.E. Blanz and J.L.C. Sanz, guest eds., Special Issue on Industrial Machine Vision Applications, MVA 4(1), Winter 1991, 1-54. 235. A.D. Marshall and R.R. Martin, Computer Vision, Models, and Inspection, World Scientific, Singapore, 1992. 236. D. Petkovic and J. Wilder, Machine vision in the 1990s: Applications and how to get there, MVA 4, 1991, 113-126. C.5. Robotic 237. M. Vidyasagar and M. Trivedi, eds., ISIR 91, International Symposium on Intelligent Robotics (Bangalore, India, January 2-5, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1571. 238. International Conference and Exhibition on Road Transport Informatics (RTI) and Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems (IVHS), Florence, Italy, May 20-24, 1991. 239. W.E. Stoney and J.D. Rosendahl, eds., Cooperative Intelligent Robotics in Space (Boston, MA, November 12-14, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1612. 24 240. W.J. Wolfe and W.H. Chun, eds., Mobile Robots VI (Boston, MA, November 14-15, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1613. 241. SPIE Workshop on Intelligent Robotic Systems: Design and Applications, Boston, MA, November 14, 1991. 242. AAAI Symposium on Sensory Aspects of Robotic Intelligence, Monterey, CA, November 15-17, 1991. 243. A. Fijany and A. Bejczy, eds., Parallel Computation Systems for Robotics-Algorithms and Architectures, World Scientific, Singapore, 1991. 244. S.S. Iyengar and A. Elfes, eds., Autonomous Mobile Robots: 1. Perception, Mapping, and Navigation; 2. Planning, Control, and Architecture, IEEE Computer Society Press, Washington, DC, 1991. 245. N. Ayache, Artificial Vision for Mobile Robots- Stereo Vision and Multisensory Perception, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 246. A. Flynn and J. Jones, Mobile Robots, Jones & Bartlett, Boston, 1991. 247. D.W. Payton and T.E. Bihari, Intelligent real-time control of robotic vehicles, Comm. ACM 34(8), 1991, 48-63. 248. C.E. Thorpe, Mobile robots, IJPRAI 5, 1991, 383-397. 249. R. Kuc and V.B. Viard, A physically based navigation strategy for sonar-guided vehicles, IJRR 10, 1991, 75-87. 250. S.K. Singh and M.C. Leu, Manipulator motion planning in the presence of obstacles and dynamic constraints, IJRR 10, 1991, 171-187. 251. J.D. Crisman and J.A. Webb, The Warp machine on Navlab, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 451-465. 252. S.Y. Chen and W.H. Tsai, Determination of robot locations by common object shapes, T-RA 7, 1991, 149-156. 253. K.Y. Fok and M.R. Kabuka, An automatic navigation system for vision guided vehicles using a double heuristic and a finite state machine, T-RA 7, 1991, 181-189. 25 254. I.J. Cox, Blanche-An experiment in guidance and navigation of an autonomous robot vehicle, T-RA 7, 1991, 193-204. 255. Z. Shiller and Y.R. Gwo, Dynamic motion planning of autonomous vehicles, T-RA 7, 1991, 241-249. 256. J. Borenstein and Y. Koren, The vector field histogram-Fast obstacle avoidance for mobile robots, T-RA 7, 1991, 278-288. 257. J.J. Leonard and H.F. Durrant-Whyte, Mobile robot location by tracking geometric beacons, T-RA 7, 1991, 376-382. 258. J. Borenstein and Y. Koren, Histogramic in-motion mapping for mobile robot obstacle avoidance, T-RA 7, 1991, 535-539. 259. A. Schweikard, Polynomial time collision detection for manipulation paths specified by joint motions, T-RA 7, 1991, 865-870. 260. A.J. Koivo and N. Houshangi, Real-time vision feedback for servoing robotic manipulator with self-tuning controller, T-SMC 21, 1991, 134-142. 261. Y. Yagi and M. Yachida, Real-time generation of environmental map and obstacle avoidance using omnidirectional image sensor with conic mirror, CVPR, 160-165. 262. J.Y. Zheng, F. Kishino, Q. Chen, and S. Tsuji, Active camera controlling for manipulation, CVPR, 413-418. 263. R. Talluri and J.K. Aggarwal, Positional estimation of a mobile robot using edge visibility regions, CVPR, 715-716. 264. W.K. Yeap, M.E. Jefferies, and P.S. Naylor, An MFIS for computing a raw cognitive map, IJCAI, 373-378. 265. P. Stelmaszyk, H. Ishiguro, and S. Tsuji, Mobile robot navigation by an active control of the vision system, IJCAI, 1241-1246. 266. M.A. Abidi, R.O. Eason, and R.C. Gonzalez, Autonomous robotic inspection and manipulation, Computer 24(4), 1991, 17-31. 26 267. M. Magee, W. Hoff, L. Gatrell, C. Sklair, and W. Wolfe, Employing sensor repositioning to refine spatial reasoning in an industrial robotic environment, Applied Intelligence 1, 1991, 69-85. 268. A. Kuehnle, Symmetry-based recognition of vehicle rears, PRL 12, 1991, 249-258. 269. M.K. Leung and T.S. Huang, An integrated approach to 3-D motion analysis and object recognition, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 1075-1084. 270. Y. Edan, T. Flash, U.M. Peiper, I. Shmulevich, and Y. Sarig, Near-minimum-time task planning for fruit-picking robots, T-RA 7, 1991, 48-56. 271. C.J. Tsikos and R.K. Bajcsy, Segmentation via manipulation, T-RA 7, 1991, 306-319. C.6. Remote sensing, reconnaissance 272. V. Libby, ed., Data Structures and Target Classification (Orlando, FL, April 1-2, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1470. 273. F.A. Sadjadi, ed., Automatic Object Recognition (Orlando, FL, April 3-5, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1471. 274. S. Gowrinathan, R.J. Mataloni, and S.J. Schwartz, eds., Surveillance Technologies (Orlando, FL, April 2-5, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1479. 275. O.E. Drummond, ed., Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1991 (Orlando, FL, April 1-3, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1481. 276. H.N. Nasr and M.E. Bazakos, eds., Signal and Image Processing Systems Performance Evaluation, Simulation, and Modeling (Orlando, FL, April 4-5, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1483. 277. P.N. Slater, ed., Future European and Japanese Remote Sensing Sensors and Programs (Orlando, FL, April 1-2, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1490. 278. R.T. Curran, J.A. Smith, and K. Watson, eds., Earth and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (Orlando, FL, April 2-4, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1492. 27 279. H.N. Nasr, ed., Image Understanding for Aerospace Applications (Munich, Germany, June 13-14, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1521. 280. T.W. Augustyn and P.A. Henkel, eds., Airborne Reconnaissance XV (San Diego, CA, July 23-24, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1538. 281. T. Matsuyama and V.S.S. Hwang, SIGMA-A Knowledge- Based Aerial Image Understanding System, Van Nostrand, New York, 1990. 282. A. Nafarieh and J.M. Keller, A fuzzy logic rule- based automatic target recognizer, Intl. J. Intelligent Systems 6, 1991, 295-312. 283. C.C. Chu and J.K. Aggarwal, The interpretation of laser radar images by a knowledge-based system, MVA 4, 1991, 145-163. 284. Z. Chen and S.Y. Ho, Computer vision for robust 3D aircraft recognition with fast library search, PR 24, 1991, 375-390. 285. C. Wang, L. Huang, and A. Rosenfeld, Detecting clouds and cloud shadows on aerial photographs, PRL 12, 1991, 55-64. 286. J. Van Cleynenbreugel, S.A. Osinga, F. Fierens, P. Suetens, and A. Oosterlinck, Road extraction from multi-temporal satellite images by an evidential reasoning approach, PRL 12, 1991, 371-380. 287. W.K. Stewart, Remote-sensing issues for intelligent underwater systems, CVPR, 230-235. 288. R.L. Vergnet, P. Saint-Marc, and J.L. Jezouin, A generic bridge finder, DACBV, 176-185. 289. Second Symposium on Large Spatial Databases, Zurich, Switzerland, August 28-30, 1991. 290. R. Laurini and D. Thompson, Fundamentals of Spatial Information Systems, Academic Press, Boston, 1991. 28 D. Architectures D.1. General references 291. H. Burkhardt, Y. Neuvo, and J.C. Simon, eds., From Pixels to Features II-Parallelism in Image Processing (Proceedings of a Workshop, Bonas, France, August 27-September 1, 1990), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991. 292. B.P. Mathur and C. Koch, eds., Visual Information Processing: From Neurons to Chips (Orlando, FL, April 1-2, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1473. 293. Fifth International Parallel Processing Symposium, Anaheim, CA, April 30-May 2, 1991. 294. Workshop on Algorithms and Parallel VLSI Architectures II, Bonas, France, June 3-6, 1991. 295. M. Nivat, A. Saoudi, and P.S.P. Wang, eds., Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Parallel Image Processing, Paris, France, June 17-19, 1991. 296. Twentieth International Conference on Parallel Processing, St. Charles, IL, August 12-16, 1991. 297. ASAP '91, International Conference on Application- Specific Array Processors, Costa Brava, Spain, September 2-4, 1991. 298. B. Zavidovique and P.L. Wendel, eds., Computer Architectures for Machine Perception (CAMP 91), Paris, France, December 16-18, 1991. 299. M. Cosnard, ed., Parallel Processing Letters, World Scientific, 1991ff. 300. M. Maresca and T.J. Fountain, guest eds., Special Issue on Massively Parallel Computers, P-IEEE 79(4), April 1991, 395-592. 301. V.K. Prasanna, guest ed., Special Issue on Massively Parallel Computation, JPDC 13(2), October 1991, 123-255. 302. F. Dehne, guest ed., Special Issue on Parallel Algorithms for Geometric Problems on Digitized Pictures, Algorithmica 6(5), 1991, 621-769. 29 303. H. Gutowitz, ed., Cellular Automata-Theory and Experiment, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 304. V.K. Prasanna Kumar, ed., Parallel Architectures and Algorithms for Image Understanding, Academic Press, Boston, 1991. 305. J.H. Reif, ed., Synthesis of Parallel Algorithms, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1991. 306. E.V. Krishnamurthy, Parallel Processing: Principles and Practice, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1989. 307. S. Ranka and S. Sahni, Hypercube Algorithms with Applications to Image and Pattern Recognition, Springer, Berlin, 1990. 308. F.T. Leighton, Introduction to Parallel Algorithms and Architectures: Arrays, Trees, and Hypercubes, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1991. D.2. Meshes, hypercubes, etc. 309. H.M. Alnuweiri and V.K. Prasanna Kumar (V. Prasanna), Processor-time optimal parallel algorithms for digitized images on mesh-connected processor arrays, Algorithmica 6, 1991, 698-733. 310. F. Dehne, A.L. Hassenklover, J.R. Sack, and N. Santoro, Computational geometry algorithms for the systolic screen, Algorithmica 6, 1991, 734-761. 311. Y.M. Kim and T.H. Lai, The complexity of congestion-1 embedding in a hypercube, J. Algorithms 12, 1991, 246-280. 312. H.M. Alnuweiri and V.K. Prasanna, Optimal geometric algorithms for digitized images on fixed-size linear arrays and scan-line arrays, Distributed Computing 5, 1991, 55-65. 313. J. Mycielski and D. Niwinski, Cellular automata on trees, a model for parallel computation, Fundamenta Informaticae XV, 1991, 139-144. 314. A. Gibbons and R. Ziani, The balanced binary tree technique on mesh-connected computers, IPL 37, 1991, 101-109. 30 315. P.F. Corbett and I.D. Scherson, A unified algorithm for sorting on multidimensional mesh-connected processors, IPL 37, 1991, 225-231. 316. E.L. Leiss and H.N. Reddy, Embedding complete binary trees into hypercubes, IPL 38, 1991, 197-199. 317. S. Latifi, Distributed subcube identification algorithms for reliable hypercubes, IPL 38, 1991, 315-321. 318. I.D. Scherson and P.F. Corbett, Communications overhead and the expected speedup of multidimensional mesh-connected parallel processors, JPDC 11, 1991, 86-96. 319. K. Efe, Embedding mesh of trees into the hypercube, JPDC 11, 1991, 222-230. 320. R. Varadarajan, Embedding shuffle networks in hypercubes, JPDC 11, 1991, 252-256. 321. D.P. Bertsekas, C. Ozveren, G.D. Stamoulis, P. Tseng, and N.H. Tsitsiklis, Optimal communication algorithms for hypercubes, JPDC 11, 1991, 263-275. 322. D. Sitaram, I. Koren, and C.M. Krishna, A random, distributed algorithm to embed trees in partially faulty processor arrays, JPDC 12, 1991, 1-11. 323. J.P. Strong, Computations on the massive parallel processor at the Goddard Space Flight Center, P- IEEE 79, 1991, 548-558. 324. M. Simmen, Comments on broadcast algorithms for two-dimensional grids, PC 17, 1991, 109-112. 325. M.Y. Chan, Embedding of grids into optimal hypercubes, SIAM JC 20, 1991, 834-864. 326. J.A. Ellis, Embedding rectangular grids into square grids, T-COMP 40, 1991, 46-52. 327. A. Bar-Noy and D. Peleg, Square meshes are not always optimal, T-COMP 40, 1991, 196-204. 328. T.H. Lai and A.P. Sprague, Placement of the processors on a hypercube, T-COMP 40, 1991, 714-722. 31 329. A.J. Gupta and S.E. Hambrusch, Embedding complete binary trees into butterfly networks, T-COMP 40, 1991, 853-863. 330. R. Beivide, E. Herrada, J.L. Balcazar, and A. Arruabarrena, Optimal distance networks of low degree for parallel computers, T-COMP 40, 1991, 1109-1124. 331. K. Efe, A variation on the hypercube with lower diameter, T-COMP 40, 1991, 1312-1316. 332. K. Li and K.H. Cheng, Job scheduling in a partitionable mesh using a two-dimensional buddy system partitioning scheme, IEEE Trans. on Parallel and Distributed Systems 2, 1991, 413-422. D.3. Other systems, etc. 333. K. Hwang, H.M. Alnuweiri, V.K. Prasanna Kumar, and D. Kim, Orthogonal multiprocessor sharing memory with an enhanced mesh for integrated image understanding, IU 53, 1991, 31-45. 334. C. Weems, E. Riseman, A. Hanson, and A. Rosenfeld, The DARPA image understanding benchmark for parallel computers, JPDC 11, 1991, 1-24. 335. D.L. Lee, Design of an array processor for image processing, JPDC 11, 1991, 163-169. 336. A. Krikelis, Computer vision applications with the Associative String Processor, JPDC 13, 1991, 170-184. 337. F. Weil, L.H. Jamieson, and E.J. Delp, Dynamic intelligent scheduling and control of reconfigurable architectures for computer vision/image processing, JPDC 13, 1991, 273-285. 338. A. Torralba, A systolic array with applications to image processing and wire-routing in VLSI circuits, PC 17, 1991, 85-93. 339. C.C. Weems, Architectural requirements of image understanding with respect to parallel processing, P-IEEE 79, 1991, 537-547. 340. E.R. Komen, Efficient parallelism using indirect addressing in SIMD processor arrays, PRL 12, 1991, 279-289. 32 341. M.M. Eshaghian, Parallel algorithms for image processing on OMC, T-COMP 40, 1991, 827-833. 342. M.J. Irwin and R.M. Owens, A two-dimensional, distributed logic architecture, T-COMP 40, 1991, 1094-1101. 343. W.B. Baringer, R.W. Brodersen, and D. Petkovic, Computer vision hardware using the Radon transform, CVPR, 508-513. 344. M.C. Herbordt, C.C. Weems, and M.J. Scudder, A computational framework and SIMD algorithm for low level support of intermediate level vision processing, CVPR, 740-741. 345. R.L. Kerr and P.C.Y. Sheu, SPARQ: Spatial relationship query based on spatial decomposition, C&G 15, 1991, 267-284. 346. C. Blum, G.R. Hofmann, and D. Kromker, Requirements for the First International Imaging Standard, CGA 11(2), 1991, 61-70. 347. C.C. Chang and S.Y. Lee, Retrieval of similar pictures on pictorial databases, PR 24, 1991, 675-680. 348. S.Y. Lee and F.J. Hsu, Picture algebra for spatial reasoning of iconic images represented in 2D C- string, PRL 12, 1991, 425-435. 349. M.R. Dobie and P.H. Lewis, Data structures for image processing in C, PRL 12, 1991, 457-466. 350. H. Kitano, J. Hendler, T. Higuchi, D. Moldovan, and D. Waltz, Massively parallel artificial intelligence, IJCAI, 557-562. E. Computational Techniques E.1. Image operations 351. Z.Z. Manseur and D.C. Wilson, Decomposition methods for convolution operators, GMIP 53, 1991, 428-434. 352. W.T. Freeman and E.H. Adelson, The design and use of steerable filters, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 891-906. 33 353. J.L. Wu and Y.M. Huang, Comments on ``An FFT algorithm with a modularized structure for computing 2-D cyclic convolutions'', T-SP 39, 1991, 1238. 354. S.E. Reichenbach and S.K. Park, Small convolution kernels for high-fidelity image restoration, T- SP 39, 1991, 2263-2274. 355. P. Perona, Deformable kernels for early vision, CVPR, 222-227. 356. S.J. Crabtree Jr., L.P. Yuan, and R. Ehrlich, A fast and accurate erosion-dilation method suitable for microcomputers, GMIP 53, 1991, 283-290. 357. P.D. Gader, Separable decompositions and approximations of greyscale morphological templates, IU 53, 1991, 288-296. 358. C. Ronse and H.J.A.M. Heijmans, The algebraic basis of mathematical morphology II. Openings and closings, IU 54, 1991, 74-97. 359. K. Preston Jr., Three-dimensional mathematical morphology, IVC 9, 1991, 285-295. 360. D. Schonfeld and J. Goutsias, On the morphological representation of binary images in a noisy environment, JVCIR 2, 1991, 17-30. 361. E.R. Dougherty, Application of the Hausdorff metric in gray-scale mathematical morphology via truncated umbrae, JVCIR 2, 1991, 177-187. 362. M. Schmitt, Variations on a theme in binary mathematical morphology, JVCIR 2, 1991, 244-258. 363. F.Y.C. Shih and O.R. Mitchell, Decomposition of gray-scale morphological structuring elements, PR 24, 1991, 195-203. 364. S. Hazout and N.Q. Nguyen, Image analysis by morphological automata, PR 24, 1991, 401-408. 365. H. Yamada, K. Yamamoto, T. Saito, and S. Matsui, MAP: Multi-angled parallelism for feature extraction from topographic maps, PR 24, 1991, 479-488. 366. D. Schonfeld and J. Goutsias, Optimal morphological pattern restoration from noisy binary images, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 14-29. 34 367. J. Xu, Decomposition of convex polygonal morphological structuring elements into neighborhood subsets, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 153-162. 368. C.H. Richardson and R.W. Schafer, A lower bound for structuring element decompositions, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 365-369. 369. H.J.A.M. Heijmans, Theoretical aspects of gray-level morphology, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 568-582. 370. I.D. Svalbe, The geometry of basis sets for morphologic closing, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1214-1224. 371. J. Goutsias and D. Schonfeld, Morphological representation of discrete and binary images, T- SP 39, 1991, 1369-1379. 372. E.R. Dougherty, G.R. Arce, and C.G. Boncelet Jr., eds., Nonlinear Image Processing II (San Jose, CA, February 28-March 1, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1451. 373. P.D. Gader and E.R. Dougherty, eds., Image Algebra and Morphological Image Processing II (San Diego, CA, July 23-24, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1568. 374. D. Eberly and D. Wenzel, Adaptation of group algebras to signal and image processing, GMIP 53, 1991, 340-348. E.2. Multiresolution 375. S.B.M. Bell and F.C. Holroyd, Tesseral amalgamators and hierarchical tessellations, IVC 9, 1991, 313-328. 376. A.D. Jepson and D.J. Fleet, Phase singularities in scale-space, IVC 9, 1991, 338-343. 377. T. Lindeberg and J.O. Eklundh, On the computation of a scale-space primal sketch, JVCIR 2, 1991, 55-78. 378. A. Montanvert, P. Meer, and A. Rosenfeld, Hierarchical image analysis using irregular tessellations, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 307-316. 379. S. Ranganath, Image filtering using multiresolution representations, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 426-440. 35 380. Z.Q. Liu, R. Rangayyan, and C.B. Frank, Directional analysis of images in scale space, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1185-1192. 381. A. Morales and R. Acharya, An image pyramid with morphological operators, CVPR, 526-531. 382. G. Beylkin, R. Coifman, I. Daubechies, S. Mallat, Y. Meyer, L. Raphael, and M.B. Ruskai, Wavelets and their Applications, Jones & Bartlett, Boston, 1991. 383. S. Mallat, Zero-crossings of a wavelet transform, T-IT 37, 1991, 1019-1033. E.3. Transformations, calibration 384. R.J. Schalkoff and H. Nag, Decomposition and parallel architecture for the geometric transformation of digital images, IVC 9, 1991, 275-284. 385. D.A. Butler and P.K. Pierson, A distortion- correction scheme for industrial machine-vision applications, T-RA 7, 1991, 546-551. 386. H.D. Cheng, Y.Y. Tang, and C.Y. Suen, VLSI architectures for image transformation, T-SMC 21, 1991, 409-413. 387. D.J. Bennett, D. Geiger, and J.M. Hollerbach, Autonomous robot calibration for hand-eye coordination, IJRR 10, 1991, 550-559. 388. R.J. Holt and A.N. Netravali, Camera calibration problem: Some new results, IU 54, 1991, 368-383. 389. P. Puget and S. Skordas, Calibrating a mobile camera, IVC 8, 1990, 341-348. 390. W. Chen and B.C. Jiang, 3-D camera calibration using vanishing point concept, PR 24, 1991, 57-67. 391. M.A. Penna, Determining camera parameters from the perspective projection of a quadrilateral, PR 24, 1991, 533-541. 392. R. Mohr and E. Arbogast, It can be done without camera calibration, PRL 12, 1991, 39-43. 36 393. L.L. Wang and W.H. Tsai, Camera calibration by vanishing lines for 3-D computer vision, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 370-376. 394. M.A. Penna, Camera calibration: A quick and easy way to determine the scale factor, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1240-1245. 395. M.R. Driels and U.S. Pathre, Vision-based automatic theodolite for robot calibration, T-RA 7, 1991, 351-360. 396. H.J. Lee and C.T. Deng, Camera models using multiple frames, CVPR, 127-132. 397. G.Q. Wei and S.D. Ma, Two plane camera calibration: A unified model, CVPR, 133-138. E.4. Interpolation, etc. 398. K.W. Brodlie and S. Butt, Preserving convexity using piecewise cubic interpolation, C&G 15, 1991, 15-23. 399. H. Li and S.Q. Liu, Shape controls in rational beta-splines, C&G 15, 1991, 25-28. 400. M.E. Agishtein and A.A. Migdal, Smooth surface reconstruction from scattered data points, C&G 15, 1991, 29-39. 401. B. Pham and H. Schroder, Parallel algorithms and a systolic device for cubic B-spline curve and surface generation, C&G 15, 1991, 349-354. 402. G. Wang and W. Xu, The termination criterion for subdivision of the rational Bezier curves, GMIP 53, 1991, 93-96. 403. S.L. Hakimi and E.F. Schmeichel, Fitting polygonal functions to a set of points in the plane, GMIP 53, 1991, 132-136. 404. P.J. Barry and R.N. Goldman, Interpolation and approximation of curves and surfaces using Polya polynomials, GMIP 53, 1991, 137-148. 405. H. Aoyama and M. Kawagoe, A piecewise linear approximation method preserving visual feature points of original figures, GMIP 53, 1991, 435-446. 37 406. M.E. Hohmeyer and B.A. Barsky, Skinning rational B- spline curves to construct an interpolatory surface, GMIP 53, 1991, 511-521. 407. K.L. Chung and F.C. Lin, A cost-optimal parallel algorithm for B-spline surface fitting, GMIP 53, 1991, 601-605. 408. G.M. Megson, Systolic algorithms for B-spline patch generation, JPDC 11, 1991, 231-238. 409. P. Soille, Spatial distributions from contour lines: An efficient methodology based on distance transformations, JVCIR 2, 1991, 138-150. 410. H.C. Hsieh and W.T. Chang, Analog computation structure for surface reconstruction, JVCIR 2, 1991, 381-394. 411. B.B. Chaudhuri and G.P. Samanta, Elliptic fit of objects in two and three dimensions by moment of inertia optimization, PRL 12, 1991, 1-7. 412. B.K. Ray and K.S. Ray, A new approach to polygonal approximation, PRL 12, 1991, 229-234. 413. M. Unser, A. Aldroubi, and M. Eden, Fast B-spline transforms for continuous image representation and interpolation, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 277-285. 414. R.V. Klassen, Integer forward differencing of cubic polynomials: Analysis and algorithms, TOG 10, 1991, 152-181. 415. D.J. Walton and R. Xu, Turning point preserving planar interpolation, TOG 10, 1991, 297-311. 416. A. Meyer, A linear time Oslo algorithm, TOG 10, 1991, 312-318. 417. S.L. Lee and A.A. Majid, Closed smooth piecewise bicubic surfaces, TOG 10, 1991, 342-365. 418. H. Pottmann, Locally controllable conic splines with curvature continuity, TOG 10, 1991, 366-377. 419. S.S. Sinha and B.G. Schunck, Surface approximation using weighted splines, CVPR, 44-49. 38 420. D. Terzopoulos and M. Vasilescu, Sampling and reconstruction with adaptive meshes, CVPR, 70-75. 421. L. Liu, B.G. Schunck, and C.R. Meyer, Optimal contour approximation by deformable piecewise cubic splines, CVPR, 638-643. E.5. Estimation 422. R. Szeliski, Bayesian modeling of uncertainty in low-level vision, IJCV 5, 1990, 271-301. 423. P. Meer, D. Mintz, A. Rosenfeld, and D.Y. Kim, Robust regression methods for computer vision: A review, IJCV 6, 1991, 59-70. 424. Y.P. Hung, D.B. Cooper, and B. Cernuschi-Frias, Asymptotic Bayesian surface estimation using an image sequence, IJCV 6, 1991, 105-132. 425. G. Hager and M. Mintz, Computational methods for task-directed sensor data fusion and planning, IJRR 10, 1991, 285-313. 426. T. Taxt and E. Bolivken, Relaxation using models from quantum mechanics, PR 24, 1991, 695-709. 427. D.B. Sher, Minimizing the cost of errors with a Markov random field, PRL 12, 1991, 85-89. 428. D. Sofer, Constraint networks in vision, T-COMP 40, 1991, 1359-1367. 429. R.M. Bolle and B.C. Vemuri, On three-dimensional surface reconstruction methods, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1-13. 430. A.M. Thompson, J.C. Brown, J.W. Kay, and D.M. Titterington, A study of methods of choosing the smoothing parameter in image restoration by regularization, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 326-339. 431. D. Geiger and F. Girosi, Parallel and deterministic algorithms from MRF's: Surface reconstruction, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 401-412. 432. J. Bigun, G.H. Granlund, and J. Wiklund, Multidimensional orientation estimation with applications to texture analysis and optical flow, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 775-790. 39 433. M.A. Snyder, On the mathematical foundations of smoothness constraints for the determination of optical flow and for surface reconstruction, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 1105-1114. 434. G. Taubin, Estimation of planar curves, surfaces, and nonplanar space curves defined by implicit equations with applications to edge and range image segmentation, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1115-1138. 435. F.C. Jeng and J.W. Woods, Compound Gauss-Markov random fields for image estimation, T-SP 39, 1991, 683-697. 436. J.A. Fessler, Nonparametric fixed-interval smoothing with vector splines, T-SP 39, 1991, 852-859. 437. J.A. Fessler, Nonparametric fixed-inverval smoothing of nonlinear vector-valued measurements, T-SP 39, 1991, 907-913. 438. P.L. Combettes and H.J. Trussell, The use of noise properties in set theoretic estimation, T-SP 39, 1991, 1630-1641. 439. P.L. Combettes and H.J. Trussell, Set theoretic estimation by random search, T-SP 39, 1991, 1669-1671. 440. M.I. Sezan and H.J. Trussell, Prototype image constraints for set-theoretic image restoration, T- SP 39, 1991, 2275-2285. 441. G.G. Gu and M.A. Gennert, Boundary element methods for solving Poisson equations in computer vision problems, CVPR, 546-551. 442. A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, guest ed., Special Issue-Simulated Annealing, Algorithmica 6(3), 1991, 295-478. F. Feature Detection, Segmentation, Image Analysis F.1. Features 443. K. Sauer, Enhancement of low bit-rate coded images using edge detection and estimation, GMIP 53, 1991, 52-62. 40 444. I. Defee and Y. Neuvo, Median-based zero-crossing edge detectors for closely spaced edges, GMIP 53, 1991, 196-203. 445. D. Brzakovic, R. Patton, and R.L. Wang, Rule-based multitemplate edge detectors, GMIP 53, 1991, 258-268. 446. D. Brzakovic, A. Linkopoulos, and L. Hong, Spline models for boundary detection/description: Formulation and performance evaluation, GMIP 53, 1991, 392-401. 447. C. David and S.W. Zucker, Potentials, valleys, and dynamic global coverings, IJCV 5, 1990, 219-238. 448. A.D. Berger and P.K. Khosla, Using tactile data for real-time feedback, IJRR 10, 1991, 88-102. 449. L.D. Cohen, On active contour models and balloons, IU 53, 1991, 211-218. 450. S. Sarkar and K.L. Boyer, Optimal infinite impulse response zero crossing based edge detectors, IU 54, 1991, 224-243. 451. R. Safaee-Rad, I. Tchoukanov, B. Benhabib, and K.C. Smith, Accurate parameter estimation of quadratic curves from grey-level images, IU 54, 1991, 259-274. 452. K.N. Nordstrom, Biased anisotropic diffusion: A unified regularization and diffusion approach to edge detection, IVC 8, 1990, 318-327. 453. J.P. Oakley and R.T. Shann, Efficient method for finding the position of object boundaries to sub- pixel precision, IVC 9, 1991, 262-272. 454. V. Lacroix, Edge detection: What about rotation invariance?, PRL 11, 1990, 797-802. 455. S. Lu and A. Szeto, Improving edge measurement on noisy images by hierarchical neural networks, PRL 12, 1991, 155-164. 456. Q.M. Wu and M.G. Rodd, Fast boundary extraction for industrial inspection, PRL 12, 1991, 483-489. 457. U. Seeger and R. Seeger, A fast algorithm for encoding the image structure by edge directions, PRL 12, 1991, 611-617. 41 458. Q.M. Zhu, Y.Y. Hung, S.H. Tang, and D.H. Shi, Edge extraction by active defocusing, Spatial Vision 5, 1991, 253-267. 459. M.H. Chen, D. Lee, and T. Pavlidis, Residual analysis for feature detection, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 30-40. 460. M. Unser, A. Aldroubi, and M. Eden, Recursive regularization filters: Design, properties, and applications, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 272-277. 461. M. Petrou and J. Kittler, Optimal edge detectors for ramp edges, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 483-491. 462. S. Sarkar and K.L. Boyer, On optimal infinite impulse response edge detection filters, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1154-1171. 463. E.R. Hancock and J. Kittler, Adaptive estimation of hysteresis thresholds, CVPR, 196-201. 464. D. Lee and G.W. Wasilkowski, Discontinuity detection and thresholding-A stochastic approach, CVPR, 208-214. 465. M. Gokmen and C.C. Li, Edge detection using refined regularization, CVPR, 215-221. 466. B.S. Manjunath and R. Chellappa, A computational approach to boundary detection, CVPR, 358-363. 467. T.E. Boult and L.B. Wolff, Physically based edge labeling, CVPR, 656-662. 468. L. Liu, B.G. Schunck, and C.R. Meyer, Multi- dimensional robust edge detection, CVPR, 698-699. 469. E.B. Gamble Jr., A discontinuity detector based on the pervasive noise in surface property data, CVPR, 757-758. 470. D. Ziou, Line detection using an optimal IIR filter, PR 24, 1991, 465-478. 471. K. Brunnstrom, J.O. Eklundh, and T. Lindeberg, On scale and resolution in active analysis of local image structure, IVC 8, 1990, 289-296. 42 472. N. Ranganathan and S.J. Nichani, A VLSI architecture for a half-edge-based corner detector, MVA 4, 1991, 165-181. 473. J. Cooper, S. Venkatesh, and L. Kitchen, Early jump-out corner detectors, CVPR, 688-689. 474. D.J. Beymer, Finding junctions using the image gradient, CVPR, 720-721. F.2. Segmentation 475. S.Y. Chen, W.C. Lin, and C.T. Chen, Split-and-merge image segmentation based on localized feature analysis and statistical tests, GMIP 53, 1991, 457-475. 476. R.J. Whatmough, Automatic threshold selection from a histogram using the ``exponential hull'', GMIP 53, 1991, 592-600. 477. D. Geiger and A. Yuille, A common framework for image segmentation, IJCV 6, 1991, 227-243. 478. N.R. Pal and S.K. Pal, Image model, Poisson distribution and object extraction, IJPRAI 5, 1991, 459-483. 479. W. Dickson, Feature grouping in a hierarchical probabilistic network, IVC 9, 1991, 51-57. 480. T. Reed and H. Wechsler, Spatial/spatial-frequency representations for image segmentation and grouping, IVC 9, 1991, 175-193. 481. T.B. Berg, S.D. Kim, and H.J. Siegel, Limitations imposed on mixed-mode performance of optimized phases due to temporal juxtaposition, JPDC 13, 1991, 154-169. 482. A.A. Rodriguez and O.R. Mitchell, Image segmentation by successive background extraction, PR 24, 1991, 409-420. 483. M.H. Benteftifa and L. Kurz, Two-dimensional object detection in correlated noise, PR 24, 1991, 755-773. 484. M. Spann, Figure/ground separation using stochastic pyramid relinking, PR 24, 1991, 993-1002. 43 485. W. Snyder, G. Bilbro, A. Logenthiran, and S. Rajala, Optimal thresholding-A new approach, PRL 11, 1990, 803-810. 486. S.K. Pal and A. Ghosh, Index of area coverage of fuzzy image subsets and object extraction, PRL 11, 1990, 831-841. 487. Y.J. Zhang and J. Gerbrands, Transition region determination based thresholding, PRL 12, 1991, 13-23. 488. G. Jumarie, Contour detection by using information theory of deterministic functions, PRL 12, 1991, 25-29. 489. A.D. Brink, Comments on grey-level thresholding of images using a correlation criterion, PRL 12, 1991, 91-92. 490. H. Luijendijk, Automatic threshold selection using histograms based on the count of 4-connected regions, PRL 12, 1991, 219-228. 491. F. Morii, A note on minimum error thresholding, PRL 12, 1991, 349-351. 492. C.A. Sher and A. Rosenfeld, Pyramid cluster detection and delineation by consensus, PRL 12, 1991, 477-482. 493. S.P. Liou, A.H. Chiu, and R.C. Jain, A parallel technique for signal-level perceptual organization, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 317-325. 494. J.M. Jolion, P. Meer, and S. Bataouche, Robust clustering with applications in computer vision, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 791-802. 495. J.R. Parker, Gray level thresholding in badly illuminated images, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 813-819. 496. J. Shah, Segmentation by nonlinear diffusion, CVPR, 202-207. 497. D.P. Huttenlocher, Finding convex edge groupings in an image, CVPR, 406-412. 498. K. Keeler, Map representations and coding based priors for segmentation, CVPR, 420-425. 44 499. V.A. Topkar, A.K. Sood, and B. Kjell, Object detection using contrast based scale space, CVPR, 700-701. 500. T. Darrell and A. Pentland, On the representation of occluded shapes, CVPR, 728-729. 501. D.A. Trytten and M. Tuceryan, Segmentation and grouping of object boundaries using energy minimization, CVPR, 730-731. 502. B. Bhanu, J. Ming, and S. Lee, Closed-loop adaptive image segmentation, CVPR, 734-735. 503. A. Shimaya and I. Yoroizawa, A cognitive model of figure segregation, IJCAI, 366-372. F.3. Image analysis 504. Active Vision Workshop, Chicago, IL, August 5-7, 1991. 505. D. Chapman, Vision, Instruction, and Action, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 506. D.H. Ballard, Animate vision, AI 48, 1991, 57-86. 507. T.B. Kane, P. McAndrew, and A.M. Wallace, Model- based object recognition using probabilistic logic and maximum entropy, IJPRAI 5, 1991, 425-437. 508. A. Meisels, O. Hason, and H. Hess, Quantification and abstraction: Low level tokens for object extraction, IVC 9, 1991, 151-159. 509. P. Fua and A.J. Hanson, An optimization framework for feature extraction, MVA 4, 1991, 59-87. 510. A. Meisels, Levels of knowledge for object extraction, MVA 4, 1991, 183-192. 511. T.M. Strat and M.A. Fischler, Context-based vision: Recognizing objects using information from both 2-D and 3-D imagery, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1050-1065. 512. L. Stark and K. Bowyer, Achieving generalized object recognition through reasoning about association of function to structure, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1097-1104. 45 513. L. Stark and K. Bowyer, Generic recognition through qualitative reasoning about 3-D shape and object function, CVPR, 251-256. 514. H.I. Bozma and J.S. Duncan, Integration of vision modules: A game-theoretic framework, CVPR, 501-507. 515. R.D. Rimey and C.M. Brown, Sequences, structure, and active vision, CVPR, 706-707. 516. T.M. Strat and M.A. Fischler, Natural object recognition: A theoretical framework and its implementation, IJCAI, 1264-1270. 517. S.S. Chen, ed., Advances in Spatial Reasoning, Ablex, Norwood, NJ, 1990. 518. R.B. Fisher and M.J.L. Orr, Geometric reasoning in a parallel network, IJRR 10, 1991, 103-122. 519. H. Iba and H. Inoue, Reasoning of geometric concepts based on algebraic constraint-directed method, IJCAI, 143-149. 520. N.H. Narayanan and B. Chandrasekaran, Reasoning visually about spatial interactions, IJCAI, 360-365. 521. Y. Suganuma, Learning structures of visual patterns from single instances, AI 50, 1991, 1-36. 522. T. Ichikawa, E. Jungert, and R.R. Korfhage, eds., Visual Languages and Applications, Van Nostrand, New York, 1990. 523. S.K. Chang, Visual Languages and Visual Programming, Van Nostrand, New York, 1990. 524. P. McCorduck, Aaron's Code, Freeman, New York, 1991. 525. J. Geller, Propositional representation for graphical knowledge, Intl. J. Man-Machine Studies 34, 1991, 97-131. 526. H. Ehrig, H.J. Kreowski, and G. Rozenberg, Graph Grammars and their Applications to Computer Science, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 527. J. Hromkovik, K. Inoue, A. Ito, and I. Takanami, On the power of two-dimensional synchronized alternating finite automata, Fundamenta Informaticae XV, 1991, 90-98. 46 528. W. Rytter and A. Saoudi, On the complexity of the recognition of parallel 2D-image languages, IPL 38, 1991, 225-229. 529. E.M. Ehlers and S.H. Von Solms, Random context structure grammars and automata-A formal approach, IS 53, 1991, 159-183. 530. A. Szepietowski, On three-way two-dimensional multicounter automata, IS 55, 1991, 35-47. 531. K. Inoue and I. Takanami, A survey of two- dimensional automata theory, IS 55, 1991, 99-121. 532. W.A. Baldwin and G.O. Strawn, Multidimensional trees, TCS 84, 1991, 293-311. 533. N. Nirmal and R. Rama, Machine characterization of (E0L-E0L) array languages, TCS 87, 1991, 329-346. 534. K. Aizawa and A. Nakamura, Graph grammars with path-controlled embedding, TCS 88, 1991, 151-170. G. 2D Shape; Pattern G.1. Representations, recognition; topology 535. S. Chaudhury, S. Subramanian, and G. Parthasarathy, Recognition of partial planar shapes in limited memory environments, IJPRAI 4, 1990, 603-628. 536. B. Yu, X. Lin, and Y. Wu, The tree representation of the graph used in binary image processing, IPL 37, 1991, 53-59. 537. I. Itzkovich and A. Kandel, Machine vision perception based on symbolic two dimensional shape description, IS 59, 1992, 213-243, 245-277. 538. M.R. Lattanzi and C.A. Shaffer, An optimal boundary to quadtree conversion algorithm, IU 53, 1991, 303-312. 539. P.K. Ghosh, An algebra of polygons through the notion of negative shapes, IU 54, 1991, 119-144. 540. K.B. Eom and J. Park, Shape recognition by a scale- invariant model, J. Systems Integration 1, 1991, 215-233. 47 541. F.Y. Shih, Object representation and recognition using mathematical morphology model, J. Systems Integration 1, 1991, 235-256. 542. D. Zhao and D.G. Daut, Morphological hit-or-miss transformation for shape recognition, JVCIR 2, 1991, 230-243. 543. E. Salari and S. Balaji, Recognition of partially occluded objects using B-spline representation, PR 24, 1991, 653-660. 544. I. Dinstein, G.M. Landau, and G. Guy, Parallel (PRAM EREW) algorithms for contour-based 2D shape recognition, PR 24, 1991, 929-942. 545. C.C. Chang, S.M. Hwang, and D.J. Buehrer, A shape recognition scheme based on relative distances of feature points from the centroid, PR 24, 1991, 1053-1063. 546. A. Bengtsson and J.O. Eklundh, Shape representation by multiscale contour approximation, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 85-93. 547. Y. He and A. Kundu, 2-D shape classification using hidden Markov model, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1172-1184. 548. Y. He and A. Kundu, Planar shape classification using hidden Markov model, CVPR, 10-15. 549. A. Califano and R. Mohan, Multidimensional indexing for recognizing visual shapes, CVPR, 28-34. 550. G. Dudek and J.K. Tsotsos, Shape representation and recognition from curvature, CVPR, 35-41. 551. M.J. Atallah, S.E. Hambrusch, and L.E. TeWinkel, Topological numbering of features on a mesh, Algorithmica 6, 1991, 762-769. 552. T.Y. Kong, R. Kopperman, and P.R. Meyer, A topological approach to digital topology, American Mathematical Monthly 92, 1991, 901-917. 553. C.N. Lee, T. Poston, and A. Rosenfeld, Winding and Euler numbers for 2D and 3D digital images, GMIP 53, 1991, 522-537. 48 554. S. Hambrusch and M. Luby, Parallel asynchronous connected components in a mesh, IPL 38, 1991, 257-263. 555. Y.T. Liow, A contour tracing algorithm that preserves common boundaries between regions, IU 53, 1991, 313-321. 556. F. Dehne and S.E. Hambrusch, Parallel algorithms for determining k-width connectivity in binary images, JPDC 12, 1991, 12-23. 557. L.T. Chen and L.S. Davis, Parallel algorithms for testing if a point is inside a closed curve, PRL 12, 1991, 73-77. 558. A. Nakamura and K. Aizawa, Some results concerning connected fuzzy digital pictures, PRL 12, 1991, 335-341. 559. S. Banerjee, An optimal algorithm to find the degrees of connectedness in an undirected edge- weighted graph, PRL 12, 1991, 421-424. 560. H.M. Alnuweiri and V.K. Prasanna Kumar, Fast image labeling using local operators on mesh-connected computers, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 202-207. 561. J. El Mesbahi, T(1) algorithm for image component labeling in a mesh connected computer, T-SMC 21, 1991, 427-433. 562. J. Dassow, On the connectedness of pictures in chain code picture languages, TCS 81, 1991, 289-294. G.2. Properties 563. R. Miller and Q.F. Stout, Computing convexity properties of images on a pyramid computer, Algorithmica 6, 1991, 658-684. 564. D. Eberly and J. Lancaster, On gray scale image measurements I. Arc length and area, GMIP 53, 1991, 538-549. 565. D. Eberly, J. Lancaster, and A. Alyassin, On gray scale image measurements II. Surface area and volume, GMIP 53, 1991, 550-562. 49 566. Y. Hel-Or, S. Peleg, and D. Avnir, Characterization of right-handed and left-handed shapes, IU 53, 1991, 297-302. 567. W.H. Tsai and S.L. Chou, Detection of generalized principal axes in rotationally symmetric shapes, PR 24, 1991, 95-104. 568. X.Y. Jiang and H. Bunke, Simple and fast computation of moments, PR 24, 1991, 801-806. 569. B.C. Li and J. Shen, Fast computation of moment invariants, PR 24, 1991, 807-813. 570. A. Blumenkrans, Two-dimensional object recognition using a two-dimensional polar transform, PR 24, 1991, 879-890. 571. Y. Pan, A note on efficient parallel algorithms for the computation of two-dimensional image moments, PR 24, 1991, 917. 572. J.G. Leu, Computing a shape's moments from its boundary, PR 24, 1991, 949-957. 573. R. Bornstein and A.M. Bruckstein, Finding the kernel of a planar shape, PR 24, 1991, 1019-1035. 574. H. Ogawa, Symmetry analysis of line drawings using the Hough transform, PRL 12, 1991, 9-12. 575. S.L. Chou, J.C. Lin, and W.H. Tsai, Fold principal axis-A new tool for defining the orientations of rotationally symmetric shapes, PRL 12, 1991, 109-115. 576. E.R. Komen, View angle transformations, PRL 12, 1991, 273-278. 577. B.B. Chaudhuri, Some shape definitions in fuzzy geometry of space, PRL 12, 1991, 531-535. 578. B.B. Chaudhuri, Fuzzy convex hull determination in 2-D space, PRL 12, 1991, 591-594. 579. A.E. Grace and M. Spann, A comparison between Fourier-Mellin descriptors and moment based features for invariant object recognition using neural networks, PRL 12, 1991, 635-643. 50 580. V.B. Le and D.T. Lee, Out-of-roundness problem revisited, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 217-223. 581. T.H. Reiss, The revised fundamental theorem of moment invariants, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 830-834. 582. S. Iwanowski, Testing approximate symmetry in the plane is NP-hard, TCS 80, 1991, 227-262. 583. A.D. Gross and T.E. Boult, SYMAN: A SYMmetry ANalyzer, CVPR, 744-746. G.3. Curves 584. R.E. Chandler, A recursive technique for rendering parametric curves, C&G 14, 1990, 477-479. 585. J.R. Rankin, Recursive bisection line algorithm, C&G 15, 1991, 1-8. 586. R. Borges, Line algorithms for raster displays rescued from round-off errors, C&G 15, 1991, 155-161. 587. W. Ronghang and J. Wenhai, An algorithm of the offset shape, C&G 15, 1991, 435-439. 588. L. Piegl, On NURBS: A survey, CGA 11(1), 1991, 55-71. 589. J. Hu and T. Pavlidis, Function plotting using cubic splines, CGA 11(1), 1991, 89-94. 590. E. Angel and D. Morrison, Speeding up Bresenham's algorithm, CGA 11(6), 1991, 16-17. 591. B. Pham, Expressive brush strokes, GMIP 53, 1991, 1-6. 592. C.A. Wuthrich and P. Stucki, An algorithmic comparison between square- and hexagonal-based grids, GMIP 53, 1991, 324-339. 593. W.E. Wright, Parallel algorithms for generating the raster representation of straight lines and circles, JPDC 11, 1991, 170-173. 594. M. Lindenbaum and J. Koplowitz, A new parametrization of digital straight lines, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 847-852. 51 595. R.V. Klassen, Drawing antialiased cubic spline curves, TOG 10, 1991, 92-108. 596. J.D. Hobby, Numerically stable implicitization of cubic curves, TOG 10, 1991, 255-296. 597. N. Ansari and E.J. Delp, On detecting dominant points, PR 24, 1991, 441-451. 598. G.A.W. West and P.L. Rosin, Techniques for segmenting image curves into meaningful descriptions, PR 24, 1991, 643-652. 599. N. Ansari and K. Huang, Non-parametric dominant point detection, PR 24, 1991, 849-862. 600. R. Espelid and I. Jonassen, A comparison of splitting methods for the identification of corner- points, PRL 12, 1991, 79-83. 601. I. Dinstein and G.M. Landau, Parallel computable contour based feature strings for 2-D shape recognition, PRL 12, 1991, 299-306. 602. D.P. Illing and P.T. Fairney, Determining perceptually significant points on noisy boundary curves, PRL 12, 1991, 557-564. 603. D.M. Wuescher and K.L. Boyer, Robust contour decomposition using a constant curvature criterion, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 41-51. 604. G. Giraudon and R. Deriche, On corner and vertex detection, CVPR, 650-655. 605. J.B. Subirana-Vilanova, On contour texture, CVPR, 753-754. G.4. Distance, skeletons 606. O. Schwartzkopf, Parallel computation of distance transforms, Algorithmica 6, 1991, 685-697. 607. F. Galvin and S.D. Shore, Distance functions and topologies, American Mathematical Monthly 98, 1991, 620-623. 608. T.S. Su and R.C. Chang, On constructing the relative neighborhood graphs in Euclidean K-dimensional spaces, Computing 46, 1991, 121-130. 52 609. F. Aurenhammer, Voronoi diagrams-A survey of a fundamental geometric data structure, Computing Surveys 23, 1991, 345-405. 610. R. Shonkwiler, Computing the Hausdorff set distance in linear time for any L

point distance, IPL 38, 1991, 201-207. 611. C.A. Shaffer and Q.F. Stout, Linear time distance transforms for quadtrees, IU 54, 1991, 215-223. 612. G. Borgefors, Another comment on ``A note on `Distance transformations in digital images''', IU 54, 1991, 301-306. 613. T.H. Su and R.C. Chang, Computing the constrained relative neighborhood graphs and constrained Gabriel graphs in Euclidean plane, PR 24, 1991, 221-230. 614. T.H. Su and R.C. Chang, Computing the k-relative neighborhood graphs in Euclidean plane, PR 24, 1991, 231-239. 615. M. Tuceryan and T. Chorzempa, Relative sensitivity of a family of closest-point graphs in computer vision applications, PR 24, 1991, 361-373. 616. M.J. Atallah, C.C. Ribeiro, and S. Lifschitz, Computing some distance functions between polygons, PR 24, 1991, 775-781. 617. P.P. Das, Counting minimal paths in digital geometry, PRL 12, 1991, 595-603. 618. B.J.H. Verwer, Local distances for distance transformations in two and three dimensions, PRL 12, 1991, 671-682. 619. L. Vincent, Exact Euclidean distance function by chain propagations, CVPR, 520-525. 620. C.T. Huang and O.R. Mitchell, Rapid Euclidean distance transform using grayscale morphology decomposition, CVPR, 695-697. 621. J.W. Brandt, A.K. Jain, and V.R. Algazi, Medial axis representation and encoding of scanned documents, JVCIR 2, 1991, 151-165. 53 622. S. Heydorn and P. Weidner, Optimization and performance analysis of thinning algorithms on parallel computers, PC 17, 1991, 17-27. 623. S.A. Mahmoud, I. AbuHaiba, and R.J. Green, Skeletonization of Arabic characters using clustering based skeletonization algorithm (CBSA), PR 24, 1991, 453-464. 624. A. Sirjani and G.R. Cross, On representation of a shape's skeleton, PRL 12, 1991, 149-154. 625. S.K. Parui, A parallel algorithm for decomposition of binary objects through skeletonization, PRL 12, 1991, 235-240. 626. X. Li and A. Basu, Variable-resolution character thinning, PRL 12, 1991, 241-248. 627. K. Cho and S.M. Dunn, Hierarchical local symmetries, PRL 12, 1991, 343-347. 628. M.K. Kundu, B.B. Chaudhuri, and D. Dutta Majumder, A parallel greytone thinning algorithm, PRL 12, 1991, 491-496. 629. P. Kumar, D. Bhatnagar, and P.S. Unapathi Rao, Pseudo one pass thinning algorithm, PRL 12, 1991, 543-555. 630. S.K. Pal and A. Rosenfeld, A fuzzy medial axis transformation based on fuzzy disks, PRL 12, 1991, 585-590. 631. S. Suzuki and N. Ueda, Robust vectorization using graph-based thinning and reliability-based line approximation, CVPR, 494-500. 632. J.W. Brandt and V.R. Algazi, Computing a stable, connected skeleton from discrete data, CVPR, 666-667. 633. L. Vincent and P. Soille, Watersheds in digital spaces: An efficient algorithm based on immersion simulations, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 583-598. 54 G.5. Path planning 634. K. Fujimura, Motion Planning in Dynamic Environments, Springer, Tokyo, 1991. 635. J.C. Latombe, Robot Motion Planning, Kluwer, Norwell, MA, 1991. 636. J.C. Latombe, A. Lazanas, and S. Shekhar, Robot motion planning with uncertainty in control and sensing, AI 52, 1991, 1-47. 637. M.A. Bickerstaff and G.R. Hellestrand, A highly parallel architecture for real time collision detection in flight simulation, C&G 15, 1991, 355-363. 638. J. Canny, A. Rege, and J. Reif, An exact algorithm for kinodynamic planning in the plane, DCG 6, 1991, 461-484. 639. B.K. Bhattacharya, An optimal algorithm to translate a convex polyhedron through a two-dimensional convex window, GMIP 53, 1991, 269-270. 640. P. Wenger and P. Chedmail, Ability of a robot to travel through its free work space in an environment with obstacles, IJRR 10, 1991, 214-227. 641. B. Aronov, S. Fortune, and G. Wilfong, Minimum-speed motions, IJRR 10, 1991, 228-239. 642. R. Srikant and K. Krithivasan, Fastest path across constrained moving rectilinear obstacles, IPL 37, 1991, 349-353. 643. J.S.B. Mitchell and C.H. Papadimitriou, The weighted region problem: Finding shortest paths through a weighted planar subdivision, J. ACM 38, 1991, 18-73. 644. N. Kiryati and A.M. Bruckstein, On navigating between friends and foes, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 602-606. 645. D. Zhu and J.C. Latombe, New heuristic algorithms for efficient hierarchical path planning, T-RA 7, 1991, 9-20. 646. V.J. Lumelsky, A comparative study on the path length performance of maze-searching and robot motion planning algorithms, T-RA 7, 1991, 57-66. 55 647. K. Kondo, Motion planning with six degrees of freedom by multistrategic bidirectional heuristic free-space enumeration, T-RA 7, 1991, 267-277. 648. S. Jun and K.G. Shin, Shortest path planning in discretized workspaces using dominance relation, T- RA 7, 1991, 342-350. 649. Q. Zhu, Hidden Markov model for dynamic obstacle avoidance of mobile robot navigation, T-RA 7, 1991, 390-397. 650. W.F. Carriker, P.K. Khosla, and B.H. Krogh, Path planning for mobile manipulators for multiple task execution, T-RA 7, 1991, 403-408. 651. N.S.V. Rao, N. Stoltzfus, and S.S. Iyengar, A ``retraction'' method for learned navigation in unknown terrains for a cireular robot, T-RA 7, 1991, 699-707. 652. G. Dudek, M. Jenkin, E. Milios, and D. Wilkes, Robotic exploration as graph construction, T-RA 7, 1991, 859-865. H. Color; Texture H.1. Reflectance, color 653. S.K. Nayar, K. Ikeuchi, and T. Kanade, Surface reflection: Physical and geometrical perspectives, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 611-634. 654. L.B. Wolff and T.E. Boult, Constraining object features using a polarization model, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 635-657. 655. K. Ikeuchi and K. Sato, Determining reflectance properties of an object using range and brightness images, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1139-1153. 656. X.D. He, K.E. Torrance, F.X. Sillion, and D.P. Greenberg, A comprehensive physical model for light reflection, SIGGRAPH, 175-186. 657. J. Davidoff, Cognition through Color, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 658. G. Klinker, A Physical Approach to Color Image Understanding, Jones & Bartlett, Boston, 1991. 56 659. L.G. Thurell and W.J. Smith, Using Computer Color Effectively: An Illustrated Reference, Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1990. 660. D. Travis, Effective Color Displays-Theory and Practice, Academic Press, Boston, 1991. 661. P. Fletcher, A SIMD parallel colour quantization algorithm, C&G 15, 1991, 365-373. 662. S.C. Wells, G.J. Williamson, and S.E. Carrie, Dithering for k-bit true-color graphics, CGA 11(5), 1991, 18-29. 663. B.V. Funt, M.S. Drew, and J. Ho, Color constancy from mutual reflections, IJCV 6, 1991, 5-24. 664. N. Goldberg, Colour image quantization for high resolution graphics display, IVC 9, 1991, 303-312. 665. G. Healey, Estimating spectral reflectance using highlights, IVC 9, 1991, 333-337. 666. S. Tominaga, Surface identification using the dichromatic reflection model, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 658-670. 667. M.T. Orchard and C.A. Bouman, Color quantization of images, T-SP 39, 1991, 2677-2690. 668. Y. Jang, Identification of interreflection in color images using a physics-based reflection model, CVPR, 632-637. 669. C.F. Borges, Trichromatic approximation for computer graphics illumination models, SIGGRAPH, 101-104. 670. A. Cumani, Edge detection in multispectral images, GMIP 53, 1991, 40-51. 671. A. Cumani, P. Grattoni, and A. Guiducci, An edge- based description of color images, GMIP 53, 1991, 313-323. 672. H.C. Lee and D.R. Cok, Detecting boundaries in a vector field, T-SP 39, 1991, 1181-1194. 57 H.2. Texture: Models, synthesis 673. T. Crilly, R.A. Earnshaw, and H. Jones, eds., Fractals and Chaos, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 674. G. Cherbit, Fractals-Non-Integral Dimensions and Applications, Wiley, New York, 1991. 675. H. Lauwerier, Fractals-Endlessly Repeated Geometrical Figures, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 676. M. Aono, Attribute mapping-Concept and implementation, C&G 14, 1990, 465-475. 677. J. Goutsias, Unilateral approximation of Gibbs random field images, GMIP 53, 1991, 240-257. 678. F.S. Cohen and M.A.S. Patel, Modeling and synthesis of images of 3D textured surfaces, GMIP 53, 1991, 501-510. 679. L. Onural, Generating connected textured fractal patterns using Markov random fields, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 819-825. 680. Y. Watanabe and Y. Suenaga, Drawing human hair using the wisp model, VC 7, 1991, 97-103. 681. K. Anjyo, Semi-globalization of stochastic spectral synthesis, VC 7, 1991, 1-12. 682. R.W. Picard, I.M. Elfadel, and A.P. Pentland, Markov/Gibbs texture modeling: Aura matrices and temperature effects, CVPR, 371-377. 683. J. Levy Vehel, Fractal probability functions. An application to image analysis, CVPR, 378-383. 684. J.C. Hart and T.A. DeFanti, Efficient antialiased rendering of 3-D linear fractals, SIGGRAPH, 91-100. 685. C. Bennis, J.M. Vezien, and G. Iglesias, Piecewise surface flattening for non-distorted texture mapping, SIGGRAPH, 237-246. 686. G. Turk, Generating textures on arbitrary surfaces using reaction-diffusion, SIGGRAPH, 289-298. 687. A. Witkin and M. Kass, Reaction-diffusion textures, SIGGRAPH, 299-308. 58 688. J.J. van Wijk, Spot noise-Texture synthesis for data visualization, SIGGRAPH, 309-318. 689. X. Zhou and R. Gordon, Generation of noise in binary images, GMIP 53, 1991, 476-478. 690. J.M. Mandel, Tutorial on higher-order statistics (spectra) in signal processing and system theory: Theoretical results and some applications, P- IEEE 79, 1991, 277-305. 691. G. Jumarie, Image processing via entropies of deterministic functions, PRL 12, 1991, 525-529. 692. A. Amir and D. Mintz, An efficient algorithm for generalized random sampling, PRL 12, 1991, 683-686. 693. R.S. Valveti and B.J. Oommen, Recognizing sources of random strings, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 386-394. 694. S.C. Chan and A.K.C. Wong, Synthesis and recognition of sequences, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1245-1255. 695. G. Christakos, On certain classes of spatiotemporal random fields with applications to space-time processing, T-SMC 21, 1991, 861-875. 696. R.K.L. Gay, A computational method for simulating growth patterns in unicell propagation, VC 7, 1991, 173-186. 697. K. Sims, Artificial evolution for computer graphics, SIGGRAPH, 319-328. H.3. Texture: description, segmentation 698. A.R. Rao, A Taxonomy for Texture Description and Identification, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 699. B. Kartikeyan and A. Sarkar, An identification approach for 2-D autoregressive models in describing textures, GMIP 53, 1991, 121-131. 700. A. Ravishankar Rao and B.G. Schunck, Computing oriented texture fields, GMIP 53, 1991, 157-185. 701. J.G. Jones, R.W. Thomas, P.G. Earwicker, and S. Addison, Multiresolution statistical analysis of computer-generated fractal imagery, GMIP 53, 1991, 349-363. 59 702. S. Banerjee, D. Mount, and A. Rosenfeld, Pyramid computation of neighbor distance statistics in dot patterns, GMIP 53, 1991, 373-381. 703. S.H. Peckinpaugh, An improved method for computing gray level cooccurrence matrix based texture measures, GMIP 53, 1991, 574-580. 704. A.K.C. Wong, H.C. Shen, and P.W. Wong, Search- effective multi-class texture classification, IJPRAI 4, 1990, 527-552. 705. B.J. Super and A.C. Bovik, Localized measurement of image fractal dimension using Gabor filters, JVCIR 2, 1991, 114-128. 706. D.C. He and L. Wang, Texture features based on texture spectrum, PR 24, 1991, 391-399. 707. D. Chetverikov, Generating contrast curves for texture regularity analysis, PRL 12, 1991, 437-444. 708. B.V. Dasarathy and E.B. Holder, Image characterizations based on joint gray level-run length distributions, PRL 12, 1991, 497-502. 709. F.S. Cohen, Z. Fan, and M.A. Patel, Classification of rotated and scaled textured images using Gaussian Markov random field models, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 192-202. 710. F.S. Cohen, Z. Fan, and S. Attali, Automated inspection of textile fabrics using textural models, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 803-808. 711. A. Veijanen, A simulation-based estimator for hidden Markov random fields, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 825-830. 712. J.R. Berry Jr. and J. Goutsias, A comparative study of matrix measures for maximum likelihood texture classification, T-SMC 21, 1991, 252-260. 713. M. Unser, Comments on ``Classification of natural textures by means of two-dimensional orthogonal masks'', T-SP 39, 1991, 1005-1006. 714. C.F. Shu, R. Jain, and F. Quek, A linear algorithm for computing the phase portraits of oriented textures, CVPR, 352-357. 60 715. (X. Yu), J. Yla-Jaaski, and (B. Yuan), A new algorithm for texture segmentation based on edge detection, PR 24, 1991, 1105-1112. 716. C. Bouman and B. Liu, Multiple resolution segmentation of textured images, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 99-113. 717. B.S. Manjunath and R. Chellappa, Unsupervised texture segmentation using Markov random field models, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 478-482. 718. A.C. Bovik, Analysis of multichannel narrow-band filters for image texture segmentation, T-SP 39, 1991, 2025-2043. 719. F. Farrokhnia and A.K. Jain, A multi-channel filtering approach to texture segmentation, CVPR, 364-370. I. Matching; Stereo I.1. String, array, tree, and graph matching 720. U. Manber and R. Baeza-Yates, An algorithm for string matching with a sequence of don't cares, IPL 37, 1991, 133-136. 721. M. Crochemore and D. Perrin, Two-way string- matching, J. ACM 38, 1991, 651-675. 722. S. Ranka and T. Heywood, Two-dimensional pattern matching with k mismatches, PR 24, 1991, 31-40. 723. S. Kuo and G.R. Cross, A two-step string matching procedure, PR 24, 1991, 711-716. 724. U. Vishkin, Deterministic sampling-A new technique for fast pattern matching, SIAM JC 20, 1991, 22-40. 725. Z. Galil and R. Giancarlo, On the exact complexity of string matching: Lower bounds, SIAM JC 20, 1991, 1008-1020. 726. R.A. Baeza-Yates, Searching subsequences, TCS 78, 1991, 363-376. 727. A. Amir and G.M. Landau, Fast parallel and serial multidimensional approximate array matching, TCS 81, 1991, 97-115. 61 728. J.J. Hebrard, An algorithm for distinguishing efficiently bit-strings by their subsequences, TCS 82, 1991, 35-49. 729. M. Crochemore and W. Rytter, Usefulness of the Karp-Miller-Rosenberg algorithm in parallel computations on strings and arrays, TCS 88, 1991, 59-82. 730. P. Dublish, Some comments on the subtree isomorphism problem for ordered trees, IPL 36, 1990, 273-275. 731. F. Luccio and L. Pagli, An efficient algorithm for some tree matching problems, IPL 39, 1991, 51-57. 732. R. Grossi, A note on the subtree isomorphism for ordered trees and related problems, IPL 39, 1991, 81-84. 733. O. Owolabi, A graph canonization method for pattern recognition, PRL 12, 1991, 701-705. 734. F. Esposito, D. Malerba, and G. Semeraro, Flexible matching for noisy structural descriptions, IJCAI, 658-664. I.2. Image, template, pattern, and shape matching 735. M. Moshfeghi, Elastic matching of multimodality medical images, GMIP 53, 1991, 271-282. 736. G. Medioni, A. Huertas, and M. Wilson, Automatic registration of color separation films, MVA 4, 1991, 33-51. 737. B. Kamgar-Parsi, J.L. Jones, and A. Rosenfeld, Registration of multiple overlapping range images: Scenes without distinctive features, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 857-871. 738. S. Randriamasy and A. Gagalowicz, Region based stereo matching oriented image processing, CVPR, 736-737. 739. S.J. Horng, W.T. Chen, and M.Y. Fang, Optimal speed-up algorithms for template matching on SIMD hypercube multiprocessors with restricted local memory, IPL 38, 1991, 29-37. 62 740. L. Gupta and A.M. Upadhye, Non-linear alignment of neural net outputs for partial shape classification, PR 24, 1991, 943-948. 741. J.C. Cheng and H.S. Don, A graph matching approach to 3-D point correspondences, IJPRAI 5, 1991, 399-412. 742. G. Rote, Computing the minimum Hausdorff distance between two point sets on a line under translation, IPL 38, 1991, 123-127. 743. Y. Liu and T.S. Huang, Determining straight line correspondences from intensity images, PR 24, 1991, 489-501. 744. R.S. Mitra and N.N. Murthy, Elastic, maximal matching, PR 24, 1991, 747-753. 745. N.S.V. Rao, On similarity between finite sets in plane, PR 24, 1991, 891-893. 746. S. Umeyama, Least squares estimation of transformation parameters between two point patterns, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 376-380. 747. D.P. Huttenlocher, Fast affine point matching: An output-sensitive method, CVPR, 263-268. 748. B. Kamgar-Parsi, A. Margalit, and A. Rosenfeld, Matching general polygonal arcs, IU 53, 1991, 227-234. 749. M. Maes, Polygonal shape recognition using string- matching techniques, PR 24, 1991, 433-440. 750. E.M. Arkin, L.P. Chew, D.P. Huttenlocher, K. Kedem, and J.S.B. Mitchell, An efficiently computable metric for comparing polygonal shapes, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 209-216. 751. D.I. Havelock, The topology of locales and its effects on position uncertainty, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 380-386. 63 I.3. Hough transforms 752. J.R. Bergen and H. Shvaytser (Schweitzer), A probabilistic algorithm for computing Hough transforms, J. Algorithms 12, 1991, 639-656. 753. N. Kiryati and A.M. Bruckstein, Antialiasing the Hough transform, GMIP 53, 1991, 213-222. 754. R.S. Stephens, Probabilistic approach to the Hough transform, IVC 9, 1991, 66-71. 755. M.J. Thazhuthaveetil and A.V. Shah, Parallel Hough transform algorithm performance, IVC 9, 1991, 88-92. 756. E.R. Davies, Alternative to abstract graph matching for locating objects from their salient features, IVC 9, 1991, 252-261. 757. A.N. Choudhary and R. Ponnusamy, Implementation and evaluation of Hough transform algorithms on a shared-memory multiprocessor, JPDC 12, 1991, 178-188. 758. K. Hanahara and M. Hiyane, A circle-detection algorithm simulating wave propagation, MVA 4, 1991, 97-111. 759. M.F.X.B. Van Swaaij, F.V.M. Catthoor, and H.J. DeMan, Deriving ASIC architectures for the Hough transform, PC 16, 1990, 113-121. 760. N. Kiryati, Y. Eldar, and A.M. Bruckstein, A probabilistic Hough transform, PR 24, 1991, 303-316. 761. C.W. Kang, R.H. Park, and K.H. Lee, Extraction of straight line segments using rotation transformation: Generalized Hough transformation, PR 24, 1991, 633-641. 762. S.C. Jeng and W.H. Tsai, Scale- and orientation- invariant generalized Hough transform-A new approach, PR 24, 1991, 1037-1051. 763. N. Kiryati, M. Lindenbaum, and A.M. Bruckstein, Digital or analog Hough transform, PRL 12, 1991, 291-297. 764. H.J. Wolfson, Generalizing the generalized Hough transform, PRL 12, 1991, 565-573. 64 765. A. Beinglass and H.J. Wolfson, Articulated object recognition, or: How to generalize the generalized Hough transform, CVPR, 461-466. 766. A.N. Choudhary and R. Ponnusamy, Shared memory multiprocessor implementation and evaluation of Hough transform algorithm, CVPR, 668-669. 767. Z.N. Li, B.G. Yao, and F. Tong, A linear generalized Hough transform and its parallel implementation, CVPR, 672-673. I.4. Stereo 768. U.R. Dhond and J.K. Aggarwal, A cost-benefit analysis of a third camera for stereo correspondence, IJCV 6, 1991, 39-58. 769. M.M. Fleck, A topological stereo matcher, IJCV 6, 1991, 197-226. 770. M.R.M. Jenkin, A.D. Jepson, and J.K. Tsotsos, Techniques for disparity measurement, IU 53, 1991, 14-30. 771. D.J. Fleet, A.D. Jepson, and M.R.M. Jenkin, Phase- based disparity measurement, IU 53, 1991, 198-210. 772. J.R. Jordan III and A.C. Bovik, Using chromatic information in edge-based stereo correspondence, IU 54, 1991, 98-118. 773. P.F. McLauchlan, J.E.W. Mayhew, and J.P. Frisby, Stereoscopic recovery and description of smooth textured surfaces, IVC 9, 1991, 20-26. 774. N.A. Thacker and J.E.W. Mayhew, Optimal combination of stereo camera calibration from arbitrary stereo images, IVC 9, 1991, 27-32. 775. J. Porrill and S. Pollard, Curve matching and stereo calibration, IVC 9, 1991, 45-50. 776. S.B. Pollard, J. Porrill, and J.E.W. Mayhew, Recovering partial 3D wire frames descriptions from stereo dates, IVC 9, 1991, 58-65. 777. K. Langley, T.J. Atherton, R.G. Wilson, and M.H.E. Larcombe, Vertical and horizontal disparities from phase, IVC 9, 1991, 296-302. 65 778. A. Kayaalp, A. Ravishankar Rao, and R. Jain, Scanning electron microscope-based stereo analysis, MVA 3, 1990, 231-246. 779. N. Ayache and F. Lustman, Trinocular stereo vision for robotics, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 73-85. 780. R.P. Wildes, Direct recovery of three-dimensional scene geometry from binocular stereo disparity, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 761-774. 781. A.F. Laine and G.C. Roman, A parallel algorithm for incremental stereo matching on SIMD machines, T- RA 7, 1991, 123-134. 782. K.L. Boyer, D.M. Wuescher, and S. Sarkar, Dynamic edge warping: An experimental system for recovering disparity maps in weakly constrained systems, T- SMC 21, 1991, 143-158. 783. R.C.K. Chung and R. Nevatia, Use of monocular groupings and occlusion analysis in a hierarchical stereo system, CVPR, 50-56. 784. L. Robert and O.D. Faugeras, Curve-based stereo: Figural continuity and curvature, CVPR, 57-62. 785. M. Okutomi and T. Kanade, A multiple-baseline stereo, CVPR, 63-69. 786. N.M. Vaidya and K.L. Boyer, Stereopsis and image registration from extended range features in the absence of camera pose information, CVPR, 76-82. 787. C.V. Stewart, An analysis of the probability of disparity changes in stereo matching and a new algorithm based on the analysis, CVPR, 670-671. 788. C. Chang, S. Chatterjee, and P.R. Kube, On an analysis of static occlusion in stereo vision, CVPR, 722-723. 789. M. Audette, P. Cohen, and J. Weng, Shading-based two-view matching, IJCAI, 1286-1291. 66 I.5. Stereo, etc. 790. M. Shao, R. Chellappa, and T. Simchony, Reconstructing a 3-D depth map from one or more images, IU 53, 1991, 219-226. 791. J.J. Little and W.E. Gillett, Direct evidence for occlusion in stereo and motion, IVC 8, 1990, 328-340. 792. H.P. Trivedi, Semi-analytic method for estimating stereo camera geometry from matched points, IVC 9, 1991, 75-81. 793. W. Beil and I.C. Carlsen, Surface reconstruction from stereoscopy and ``shape from shading'' in SEM images, MVA 4, 1991, 271-285. 794. M.S. Obaidat and L.E. Leguire, A dynamic and static microcomputer-based stereogram generator, T-SMC 31, 1991, 228-231. 795. S. Moezzi, S.L. Bartlett, and T.E. Weymouth, The camera stability problem and dynamic stereo vision, CVPR, 109-114. 796. E.H. Adelson and J.Y.A. Wang, A stereoscopic camera employing a single main lens, CVPR, 619-624. 797. D.J. Braunegg, MARVEL: A system that recognizes world locations with stereo vision, CVPR, 681-682. 798. K. Sugimoto, H. Takahashi, and F. Tomita, Integration and interpretation of incomplete stereo scene data, CVPR, 683-685. 799. A. Shmuel and M. Werman, 3D from an image sequence- Occlusions and perspective, CVPR, 712-713. 800. P. Fua, Combining stereo and monocular information to compute dense depth maps that preserve depth discontinuities, IJCAI, 1292-1298. 801. A.P. Tirumalai, B.G. Schunck, and R.C. Jain, Recovering a boundary-level structural description from dynamic stereo, WVM, 69-74. 802. P. Khalili and R. Jain, Forming a three dimensional environment model using multiple observations, WVM, 262-267. 67 J. 3D Recovery and Analysis J.1. Range sensing, etc.; segmentation 803. D. Bhatnagar, A.K. Pujari, and P. Seetharamulu, Static scene analysis using structured light, IVC 9, 1991, 82-87. 804. C. Wust and D.W. Capson, Surface profile measurement using color fringe projection, MVA 4, 1991, 193-203. 805. T. Darell and K. Wohn, Depth from focus using a pyramid architecture, PRL 11, 1990, 787-796. 806. P. Pochec and W.D. Wasson, On surface orientation detection in 3-D, PRL 12, 1991, 363-369. 807. Y.F. Wang, Characterizing three-dimensional surface structures from visual images, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 52-60. 808. J.H. Nurre and E.L. Hall, Positioning quadric surfaces in an active stereo imaging system, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 491-495. 809. J. Cardillo and M.A. Sid-Ahmed, 3-D position sensing using a passive monocular vision system, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 809-813. 810. O. Bozma and R. Kuc, Building a sonar map in a specular environment using a single mobile sensor, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1260-1269. 811. P. Saint-Marc, J.L. Jezouin, and G. Medioni, A versatile PC-based range finding system, T-RA 7, 1991, 250-256. 812. A.C. Knoll, Ultrasonic holography techniques for localizing and imaging solid objects, T-RA 7, 1991, 449-467. 813. R.S. Fearing and T.O. Binford, Using a cylindrical tactile sensor for determining curvature, T-RA 7, 1991, 806-817. 814. D.C. Tseng and Z. Chen, Computing location and orientation of polyhedral surfaces using a laser- based vision system, T-RA 7, 1991, 842-848. 68 815. J.S. Bay, A fully autonomous active sensor-based exploration concept for shape-sensing robots, T- SMC 21, 1991, 850-860. 816. J. Ens and P. Lawrence, A matrix method for determining depth from focus, CVPR, 600-606. 817. S.Z. Li, Invariant surface segmentation through energy minimization with discontinuities, IJCV 5, 1990, 161-194. 818. I. Pitas and A. Maglara, Range image analysis by using morphological signal decomposition, PR 24, 1991, 165-181. 819. S.W. Chen and A.K. Jain, Object extraction from laser radar imagery, PR 24, 1991, 587-600. 820. S. Arya, D. DeMenthon, P. Meer, and L.S. Davis, Textural analysis of range images, PRL 12, 1991, 619-626. 821. H. Delingette, M. Hebert, and K. Ikeuchi, Shape representation and image segmentation using deformable surfaces, CVPR, 467-472. 822. P.L. Rosin and G.A.W. West, Extracting surfaces of revolution by perceptual grouping of ellipses, CVPR, 677-678. 823. M.J. Aldon and O. Strauss, A new shape segmentation algorithm for active vision systems, CVPR, 708-709. 824. F. Schmitt and X. Chen, Fast segmentation of range images into planar regions, CVPR, 710-711. 825. S. Muraki, Volumetric shape description of range data using ``blobby model'', SIGGRAPH, 227-235. 826. O. Monga, R. Deriche, and J.M. Rocchisani, 3D edge detection using recursive filtering: Application to scanner images, IU 53, 1991, 76-87. 827. S.P. Liou and R.C. Jain, An approach to three- dimensional image segmentation, IU 53, 1991, 237-252. 828. O. Monga, R. Deriche, G. Malandain, and J.P. Cocquerez, Recursive filtering and edge tracking: Two primary tools for 3D edge detection, IVC 9, 1991, 203-214. 69 829. K.C. Strasters and J.J. Gerbrands, Three-dimensional segmentation using a split, merge and group approach, PRL 12, 1991, 307-325. 830. O. Monga, N. Ayache, and P. Sander, From voxel to curvature, CVPR, 644-649. 831. I. Cohen, L.D. Cohen, and N. Ayache, Introducing new deformable surfaces to segment 3D images, CVPR, 738-739. J.2. Recovery 832. R. Kozera, Existence and uniqueness in photometric stereo, Applied Mathematics & Computation 41, 1991, 1-103. 833. J. Oliensis, Uniqueness in shape from shading, IJCV 6, 1991, 75-104. 834. S.K. Nayar, K. Ikeuchi, and T. Kanade, Shape from interreflections, IJCV 6, 1991, 173-195. 835. R. Szeliski, Fast shape from shading, IU 53, 1991, 129-153. 836. J. Oliensis, Shape from shading as a partially well-constrained problem, IU 54, 1991, 163-183. 837. B. Kim and P. Burger, Depth and shape from shading using the photometric stereo method, IU 54, 1991, 416-427. 838. H.D. Tagare and R.J.P. de Figuereido, A theory of photometric stereo for a class of diffuse non- Lambertian surfaces, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 133-152. 839. D. Forsyth and A. Zisserman, Reflections on shading, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 671-679. 840. Q. Zheng and R. Chellappa, Estimation of illuminant direction, albedo, and shape from shading, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 680-702. 841. A. Pentland, Photometric motion, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 879-890. 842. Y. Choe and R.L. Kashyap, 3-D shape from a shaded and textural surface image, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 907-919. 70 843. Y. Yang and A. Yuille, Sources from shading, CVPR, 534-539. 844. Q. Zheng and R. Chellappa, Estimation of illuminant direction, albedo, and shape from shading, CVPR, 540-545. 845. Y.G. Leclerc and A.F. Bobick, The direct computation of height from shading, CVPR, 552-558. 846. J. Oliensis, Shape from shading as a partially well-constrained problem, CVPR, 559-564. 847. T. Marill, Emulating the human interpretation of line-drawings as three-dimensional objects, IJCV 6, 1991, 147-161. 848. S.A. Stansfield, Robotic grasping of unknown objects: A knowledge-based approach, IJRR 10, 1991, 314-326. 849. F. Ulupinar and R. Nevatia, Constraints for interpretation of line drawings under perspective projection, IU 53, 1991, 88-96. 850. K.C. Fan and C.Y. Chang, Surface extraction from line drawings of a polyhedron, PRL 12, 1991, 627-633. 851. R. Glachet, M. Dhome, and J.T. Lapreste, Finding the perspective projection of an axis of revolution, PRL 12, 1991, 693-700. 852. G.J. Salem and T.Y. Young, A neural network approach to the labeling of line drawings, T-COMP 40, 1991, 1419-1424. 853. M. Richetin, M. Dhome, J.T. Lapreste, and G. Rives, Inverse perspective transform using zero-curvature contour points: Application to the localization of some generalized cylinders from a single view, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 185-192. 854. F. Ulupinar and R. Nevatia, Recovering shape from contour for constant cross section generalized cylinders, CVPR, 674-676. 855. J.M. Lavest, R. Glachet, M. Dhome, and J.T. Lapreste, Modelling solids of revolution by monocular vision, CVPR, 690-691. 71 856. F. Ade, M. Peter, and M. Ilg, Gripping information for a robot from silhouettes, CVPR, 716-717. 857. J.R. Kender and R. Kjeldsen, On seeing spaghetti: A novel self-adjusting seven parameter Hough space for analyzing flexible extruded objects, IJCAI, 1271-1277. 858. T. Regier, Line labeling and junction labeling: A coupled system for image interpretation, IJCAI, 1305-1310. 859. S.T. Toborg and K. Hwang, Cooperative vision integration through data-parallel neural computations, T-COMP 40, 1991, 1368-1379. 860. P. Whaite and F.P. Ferrie, From uncertainty to visual exploration, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1038-1049. J.3. Synthesis; visualization 861. S.R. Whitman, Multiprocessor Methods for Computer Graphics Rendering, Jones & Bartlett, Boston, MA, 1991. 862. L.R. Speer, A cross-indexed guide to the ray tracing literature, Computer Graphics Forum 10, 1991, 145-174. 863. M.J. DeHaemer Jr. and M.J. Zyda, Simplification of objects rendered by polygonal approximations, C&G 15, 1991, 175-184. 864. P. Poulin and J. Amanatides, Shading and shadowing with linear light sources, C&G 15, 1991, 259-265. 865. D. Conway, Constructive solid geometry using the isoluminance contour model, C&G 15, 1991, 341-347. 866. T. Akimoto, K. Mase, and Y. Suenaga, Pixel-selected ray tracing, CGA 11(4), 1991, 14-22. 867. E. Fiume, A mathematical semantics of rendering. II. Approximation, GMIP 53, 1991, 19-24. 868. N. Max, Unified sun and sky illumination for shadows under trees, GMIP 53, 1991, 223-230. 869. P. Kochevar, A simple light simulation algorithm for massively parallel machines, JPDC 13, 1991, 193-201. 72 870. A. Rappoport, Rendering curves and surfaces with hybrid subdivision and forward differencing, TOG 10, 1991, 323-341. 871. M. Inakage, Volume tracing of atmospheric environments, VC 7, 1991, 104-113. 872. T.T.Y. Lin and M. Slater, Stochastic ray tracing using SIMD processor arrays, VC 7, 1991, 187-199. 873. X. Pueyo, Diffuse interreflections. Techniques for form-factor computation: A survey, VC 7, 1991, 200-209. 874. K. Kaneda, T. Okamoto, E. Nakamae, and T. Nishita, Photorealistic image synthesis for outdoor scenery under various atmospheric conditions, VC 7, 1991, 247-258. 875. S. Takita, K. Kaneda, T. Akinobu, H. Iriyama, E. Nakamae, and T. Nishita, A simple method for rendering penumbrae caused by sunlight, VC 7, 1991, 259-268. 876. D.R. Baum, S. Mann, K.P. Smith, and J.M. Winget, Making radiosity usable: Automatic preprocessing and meshing techniques for the generation of accurate radiosity solutions, SIGGRAPH, 51-60. 877. D.P. Mitchell, Spectrally optimal sampling for distribution ray tracing, SIGGRAPH, 157-164. 878. S.E. Chen, H.E. Rushmeier, G. Miller, and D. Turner, A progressive multi-pass method for global illumination, SIGGRAPH, 165-174. 879. F.X. Sillion, J.R. Arvo, S.H. Westin, and D.P. Greenberg, A global illumination solution for general reflectance distributions, SIGGRAPH, 187-196. 880. P. Hanrahan, D. Salzman, and L. Aupperle, A rapid hierarchical radiosity algorithm, SIGGRAPH, 197-206. 881. A. Kaufman, ed., Volume Visualization, Computer Society Press, Washington, DC, 1991. 882. J. Yla-Jaaski, F. Klein, and O. Kubler, Fast direct display of volume data for medical diagnosis, GMIP 53, 1991, 7-18. 73 883. X. Jin, M. Kimura, S. Yokoi, and J. Toriwaki, An interactive visualization system for three- dimensional medical images based on the density reprojection method, JVCIR 2, 1991, 355-364. 884. J. Wilhelms and A. Van Gelder, A coherent projection approach for direct volume rendering, SIGGRAPH, 275-284. 885. D. Laur and P. Hanrahan, Hierarchical splitting: A progressive refinement algorithm for volume rendering, SIGGRAPH, 285-288. K. 3D Shape K.1. Representations, models, etc. 886. R.E. Barnhill, W. Boehm, and J. Hoschek, eds., Curves and Surfaces in CAGD '89 (Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Surfaces in CAGD, Oberwolfach, FRG, April 16-22, 1989), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1990. 887. F.L. Krause and H. Jansen, eds., Advanced Geometric Modelling for Engineering Applications (Proceedings of an IFIP International Symposium, Berlin, FRG, November 8-10, 1989), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1990. 888. P.J. Laurent, A. Le Mehaute, and L.L. Schumaker, eds., Curves and Surfaces (International Conference, Chamonix, France, June 1990), Academic Press, Boston, 1991. 889. ACM Symposium on Solid Modeling Foundations and CAD/CAM Applications, Austin, TX, June 5-7, 1991. 890. M.J. Silbermann and H.D. Tagare, eds., Curves and Surfaces in Computer Vision and Graphics (Boston, MA, November 12-14, 1991), Proc. SPIE 1610. 891. H. Hagen and D. Roller, eds., Geometric Modeling: Methods and Applications, Springer, Berlin, 1991. 892. U. Gudukbay and B. Ozguc, Free-form solid modeling using deformations, C&G 14, 1990, 491-500. 893. A.J.P. Games and J.C.G. Texeira, Form feature modelling in a hybrid CSG/BRep scheme, C&G 15, 1991, 217-229. 74 894. D. Libes, Modeling dynamic surfaces with octrees, C&G 15, 1991, 383-387. 895. G.A. Crocker and W.F. Reinke, An editable nonmanifold boundary representation, CGA 11(2), 1991, 39-51. 896. M. Boyer and N.F. Stewart, Modeling spaces for toleranced objects, IJRR 10, 1991, 570-582. 897. D. Terzopoulos and D. Metaxas, Dynamic 3D models with local and global deformations: Deformable superquadrics, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 703-714. 898. P. Koparkar, Designing parametric blends: Surface model and geometric correspondence, VC 7, 1991, 39-58. 899. M.J.G.M. van Emmerik, Interactive design of 3D models with geometric constraints, VC 7, 1991, 309-325. 900. V.D. Nguyen, J.L. Mundy, and D. Kapur, Modeling generic polyhedral objects with constraints, CVPR, 479-485. 901. C.E. Liedtke, H. Busch, and R. Koch, Shape adaptation for modelling of 3D objects in natural scenes, CVPR, 704-705. 902. B.C. Vemuri and R. Malladi, Deformable models: Canonical parameters for surface representation and multiple view integration, CVPR, 724-725. 903. J.V. Miller, D.E. Breen, W.E. Lorensen, R.M. O'Bara, and M.J. Wozny, Geometrically deformed models: A method for extracting closed geometric models from volume data, SIGGRAPH, 217-226. 904. S. Sclaroff and A. Pentland, Generalized implicit functions for computer graphics, SIGGRAPH, 247-250. 905. J. Bloomenthal and K. Shoemake, Convolution surfaces, SIGGRAPH, 251-256. 906. G. Celniker and D. Gossard, Deformable curve and surface finite-elements for free-form shape design, SIGGRAPH, 257-266. 75 907. T.A. Galyean and J.F. Hughes, Sculpting: An interactive volumetric modeling technique, SIGGRAPH, 267-274. 908. K. Ikeuchi and K.S. Hong, Determining linear shape change: Toward automatic generation of object recognition programs, IU 53, 1991, 154-170. 909. K. Ikeuchi and J.C. Robert, Modeling sensor detectability with the VANTAGE geometric/sensor modeler, T-RA 7, 1991, 771-784. 910. C.K. Cowan, Automatic camera and light-source placement using CAD models, DACBV, 22-31. 911. C.H. Chen and P.G. Mulgaonkar, CAD-based feature utility measures for automatic vision programming, DACBV, 106-114. 912. T.C. Henderson, J. Evans, L. Grayston, A. Sanderson, L. Stoller, and E. Weitz, CBCV: A CAD-Based Computer Vision system, DACBV, 146-154. 913. K. Tarabanis and R.Y. Tsai, Computing viewpoints that satisfy optical constraints, CVPR, 152-158. 914. L.S. Homem de Mello and S. Lee, eds., Computer Aided Mechanical Assembly Planning, Kluwer, Norwell, MA, 1991. 915. I.C. You, C.N. Chu, and R.L. Kashyap, Symbolic representation of three-dimensional objects to aid local and global shape analysis for defect prediction of casting design, Applied Intelligence 1, 1991, 99-120. 916. F.W. Jansen and A.N.T. van der Zalm, A shadow algorithm for CSG, C&G 15, 1991, 237-247. 917. C.J. Su and A. Mukerjee, Automated machinability checking for CAD/CAM, T-RA 7, 1991, 691-699. 918. D.J. Kriegman, Computing stable poses of piecewise smooth objects, DACBV, 66-75. 919. T. Saito and T. Takahashi, NC machining with G- buffer method, SIGGRAPH, 207-216. 76 K.2. Recognition 920. IEEE Workshop on Directions in Automated CAD-Based Vision, Maui, HI, June 2-3, 1991 (IEEE Computer Society Press). 921. W.E.L. Grimson and D.P. Huttenlocher, guest eds., Special Issue on Interpretation of 3-D Scenes, T- PAMI 13(10), October 1991, 969-1104. 922. D.P. Huttenlocher and S. Ullman, Recognizing solid objects by alignment with an image, IJCV 5, 1990, 195-212. 923. A.J. Vayda and A.C. Kak, A robot vision system for recognition of generic shaped objects, IU 54, 1991, 1-46. 924. M.W. Walker, L. Shao, and R.A. Volz, Estimating 3-D location parameters using dual number quaternions, IU 54, 1991, 358-367. 925. M. Rygot, S. Pollard, and C. Brown, Multiprocessor 3D vision system for pick and place, IVC 9, 1991, 33-38. 926. R.C. Fairwood, Recognition of generic components using logic-program relations of image contours, IVC 9, 1991, 113-122. 927. S.M. Bhandarkar and M. Suk, Recognition and localization of objects with curved surfaces, MVA 4, 1991, 15-31. 928. S.M. Bhandarkar and M. Suk, Sensitivity analysis for matching and pose computation using dihedral junctions, PR 24, 1991, 505-513. 929. D.P. Illing and P.T. Fairney, Reconstructing partially occluded object boundaries, PRL 12, 1991, 31-38. 930. S.M. Bhandarkar and M. Suk, Pose verification as an optimal assignment problem, PRL 12, 1991, 45-53. 931. K.S. Ray and D. Dutta Majumder, Recognition and positioning of partially occluded 3-D objects, PRL 12, 1991, 93-108. 77 932. K. Pehkonen, D. Harwood, and L.S. Davis, Parallel calculation of 3-D pose of a known object in a single view, PRL 12, 1991, 353-361. 933. P.J. Flynn and A.K. Jain, CAD-based computer vision: From CAD models to relational graphs, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 114-132. 934. W.Y. Kim and A.C. Kak, 3-D object recognition using bipartite matching embedded in discrete relaxation, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 224-251. 935. D.G. Lowe, Fitting parameterized three-dimensional models to images, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 441-450. 936. A. Pentland and S. Sclaroff, Closed-form solutions for physically based shape modeling and recognition, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 715-729. 937. W.E.L. Grimson, The combinatorics of heuristic search termination for object recognition in cluttered environments, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 920-935. 938. S. Ullman and R. Basri, Recognition by linear combinations of models, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 992-1006. 939. D.T. Clemens and D.W. Jacobs, Space and time bounds on indexing 3-D models from 2-D images, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1007-1017. 940. S. Lee and H. Hahn, An optimal sensing strategy for recognition and localization of 3-D natural quadric objects, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1018-1037. 941. P.J. Flynn and A.K. Jain, BONSAI: 3-D object recognition using constrained search, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1066-1075. 942. Y. Kuno, Y. Okamoto, and S. Okada, Robot vision using a feature search strategy generated from a 3-D object model, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1085-1097. 943. W.E.L. Grimson and D.P. Huttenlocher, On the verification of hypothesized matches in model-based recognition, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1201-1213. 944. R.E. Ellis, Geometric uncertainties in polyhedral object recognition, T-RA 7, 1991, 361-371. 78 945. T. Nagata and H.B. Zha, Recognizing and locating a known object from multiple images, T-RA 7, 1991, 435-448. 946. K. Sato, K. Ikeuchi, and T. Kanade, Model based recognition of specular objects using sensor models, DACBV, 2-10. 947. O.I. Camps, L.G. Shapiro, and R.M. Haralick, PREMIO: An overview, DACBV, 11-21. 948. I. Rigoutsos and R. Hummel, Implementation of geometric hashing on the Connection Machine, DACBV, 76-84. 949. S.J. Dickinson, A.P. Pentland, and A. Rosenfeld, From volumes to views: An approach to 3-D object recognition, DACBV, 85-96. 950. P.J. Flynn and A.K. Jain, 3D object recognition using invariant feature indexing of interpretation tables, DACBV, 115-123. 951. F. Arman and J.K. Aggarwal, Automatic generation of recognition strategies using CAD models, DACBV, 124-133. 952. J. Ponce, A. Hoogs, and D.J. Kriegman, On using CAD models to compute the pose of curved 3D objects, DACBV, 136-145. 953. A.J. Vayda and A.C. Kak, INGEN: A robot vision system for generic object recognition, DACBV, 166-175. 954. K. Kadono, M. Asada, and Y. Shirai, Context- constrained matching of hierarchical CAD-based models for outdoor scene interpretation, DACBV, 186-195. 955. D.T. Clemens and D.W. Jacobs, Model group indexing for recognition, CVPR, 4-9. 956. C.S. Chakravarthy and R. Kasturi, Pose clustering on constraints for object recognition, CVPR, 16-21. 957. Y. Lamdan and H.J. Wolfson, On the error analysis of ``geometric hashing'', CVPR, 22-27. 79 958. S. Sclaroff and A. Pentland, Closed-form solutions for physically-based shape modeling and recognition, CVPR, 238-243. 959. F. Stein and G. Medioni, Structural hashing: Efficient three dimensional object recognition, CVPR, 244-250. 960. T.M. Breuel, Model based recognition using pruned correspondence search, CVPR, 257-262. 961. D.W. Jacobs, Optimal matching of planar models in 3D scenes, CVPR, 269-274. 962. B. Parvin and G. Medioni, A dynamic system for object description and correspondence, CVPR, 393-399. 963. W.M. Wells III, MAP model matching, CVPR, 486-492. 964. T. Shakunaga, Pose estimation of jointed structures, CVPR, 566-572. 965. S.B. Kang and K. Ikeuchi, Determining 3-D object pose using the complex extended Gaussian image, CVPR, 580-585. 966. C.H. Chen and P.G. Mulgaonkar, Uncertainty update and dynamic search window for model-based object recognition, CVPR, 692-694. 967. T.W. Chen and W.C. Lin, A neural network approach to CSG-based 3-D object recognition, CVPR, 718-719. 968. Y. Shapira and S. Ullman, A pictorial approach to object classification, IJCAI, 1257-1263. 969. R. Brunelli and T. Poggio, HyperBF networks for real object recognition, IJCAI, 1278-1284. K.3. Geometry 970. J. Linhart, A quick point-in-polyhedron test, C&G 14, 1990, 445-447. 971. G.T. Herman, Discrete multidimensional Jordan surfaces, Contemporary Mathematics 119, 1991, 85-94. 972. R. Kopperman, P.R. Meyer, and R.G. Wilson, A Jordan surface theorem for three-dimensional digital spaces, DCG 6, 1991, 155-161. 80 973. A. Rosenfeld, T.Y. Kong, and A.Y. Wu, Digital surfaces, GMIP 53, 1991, 305-312. 974. I. Gargantini and H.H. Atkinson, Multiple-seed 3D connectivity filling for inaccurate borders, GMIP 53, 1991, 563-573. 975. J. Hecquard and R. Acharya, Connected component labeling with linear octree, PR 24, 1991, 515-531. 976. Y. Shinagawa, T.L. Kunii, and Y.L. Kergosian, Surface coding based on Morse theory, CGA 11(5), 1991, 66-78. 977. E. Trucco, Inferring convex parts from slice data, PRL 12, 1991, 707-715. 978. Y. Shinagawa and T.L. Kunii, The homotopy model: A generalized model for smooth surface generation from cross sectional data, VC 7, 1991, 72-86. 979. C.N. Lee, T. Poston, and A. Rosenfeld, Representation of orthogonal regions by vertices, GMIP 53, 1991, 149-156. 980. C.E. Kim and I. Stojmenovic, On the recognition of digital planes in three-dimensional space, PRL 12, 1991, 665-669. 981. G. Malandain, N. Ayache, and G. Bertrand, Topological segmentation of discrete surfaces, CVPR, 444-449. 982. B. Brillault-O'Mahony, New method for vanishing point detection, IU 54, 1991, 289-300. 983. K. Kanatani, Computational projective geometry, IU 54, 1991, 333-348. 984. K. Kanatani, Hypothesizing and testing geometric properties of image data, IU 54, 1991, 349-357. 985. W.J. Wolfe, D. Mathis, C. Weber Sklair, and M. Magee, The perspective view of three points, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 66-73. 986. H.H. Chen, Pose determination from line-to-plane correspondences: Existence condition and closed-form solutions, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 530-541. 81 987. R. Mohr and L. Morin, Relative positioning from geometric invariants, CVPR, 139-144. 988. R.M. Haralick, C. Lee, K. Ottenberg, and M. Nolle, Analysis and solutions of the three point perspective pose estimation problem, CVPR, 592-598. 989. Applications of Invariance in Computer Vision (First DARPA-ESPRIT Workshop on Invariance), Reykjavik, Iceland, March 25-28, 1991. 990. E.B. Barrett, P.M. Payton, N.N. Haag, and M.H. Brill, General methods for determining projective invariants in imagery, IU 53, 1991, 46-65. 991. L. Nielsen and G. Sparr, Projective area-invariants as an extension of the cross-ratio, IU 54, 1991, 145-159. 992. D. Forsyth, J.L. Mundy, A. Zisserman, and C.M. Brown, Projectively invariant representations using implicit algebraic curves, IVC 9, 1991, 130-136. 993. J. Rubinstein, J. Segman, and Y. Zeevi, Recognition of distorted patterns by invariance kernels, PR 24, 1991, 959-967. 994. J.B. Cole, H. Murase, and S. Naito, A Lie group theoretical approach to the invariance problem in feature extraction and object recognition, PRL 12, 1991, 519-523. 995. D. Forsyth, J.L. Mundy, A. Zisserman, C. Coelho, A. Heller, and C. Rothwell, Invariant descriptors for 3-D object recognition and pose, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 971-991. 996. L. Van Gool, P. Kempenaers, and A. Oosterlinck, Recognition and semi-differential invariants, CVPR, 454-460. 997. P.C. Wayner, Efficiently using invariant theory for model-based matching, CVPR, 473-478. 82 K.4. Display, etc. 998. M.A. Hagen, How to make a visually realistic 3D display, CG 25, 1991, 76-81. 999. C. Montani and R. Scopigno, Ray tracing CSG trees using the sticks representation scheme, C&G 14, 1990, 481-490. 1000. J.P. Braquelaire and P. Guitton, @2 size -2 {1 over 2}@D scene update by insertion of contour, C&G 15, 1991, 41-48. 1001. W.I. Hsu and J.L. Hock, An algorithm for the general solution of hidden line removal for intersecting solids, C&G 15, 1991, 67-86. 1002. Q. Zhu, Virtual edges, viewing faces, and boundary traversal in line drawing representation of objects with curved surfaces, C&G 15, 1991, 161-173. 1003. J. Spackman and P. Willis, The smart navigation of a ray through an oct-tree, C&G 15, 1991, 185-194. 1004. V. Isler and B. Ozguc, Fast ray tracing 3D models, C&G 15, 1991, 205-216. 1005. K.G. Suffern and E.D. Fackerell, Interval methods in computer graphics, C&G 15, 1991, 331-340. 1006. D. Ibaroudene and R. Acharya, Coordinate relationships between vertices of linear octree nodes and corners of the universe, C&G 15, 1991, 375-381. 1007. D. Gordon and S. Chen, Front-to-back display of BSP trees, CGA 11(5), 1991, 79-85. 1008. H.B. Bidasaria, A method for ray tracing a wide class of generalized cylinders with straight line trajectories, GMIP 53, 1991, 101-107. 1009. F. Kocsis and J.F. Bohme, Rotation-based computations for ray-tracing second-order surfaces and curves, IPL 36, 1990, 281-283. 1010. J.M.H. Beusmans, Computing occluding contours using spherical images, IU 53, 1991, 97-111. 83 1011. S.R. Das, N.H. Vaidya, and L.M. Patnaik, A systolic algorithm for hidden surface removal, PC 15, 1990, 277-289. 1012. F.W. Jansen, Depth-order point classification techniques for CSG display algorithms, TOG 10, 1991, 40-70. 1013. T. Nishita, K. Kaneda, and E. Nakamae, A scanline algorithm for displaying trimmed surfaces by using Bezier clipping, VC 7, 1991, 269-279. 1014. D.J. Kriegman and J. Ponce, Computing exact aspect graphs of curved objects: Solids of revolution, IJCV 5, 1990, 119-135. 1015. H. Plantinga and C.R. Dyer, Visibility, occlusion, and the aspect graph, IJCV 5, 1990, 137-160. 1016. M. Sallam and K. Bowyer, Generalizing the aspect graph concept to include articulated assemblies, PRL 12, 1991, 171-176. 1017. Z. Gigus, J. Canny, and R. Seidel, Efficiently computing and representing aspect graphs of polyhedral objects, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 542-551. 1018. S. Chen and H. Freeman, On the characteristic views of quadric-surfaced solids, DACBV, 34-43. 1019. D. Eggert and K. Bowyer, Perspective projection aspect graphs of solids of revolution: An implementation, DACBV, 44-63. 1020. O. Faugeras, J. Mundy, N. Ahuja, C. Dyer, A. Pentland, R. Jain, K. Ikeuchi, and K. Bowyer, Why aspect graphs are not (yet) practical for computer vision, DACBV, 98-104. 1021. C. Asteasu and A. Orbegozo, Parametric piecewise surfaces intersection, C&G 15, 1991, 9-13. 1022. E. Boender, A survey of intersection algorithms for curved surfaces, C&G 15, 1991, 109-115. 1023. J.L. Zheng and C.B. Millham, A linear programming method for ray-convex polyhedron intersection, C&G 15, 1991, 195-204. 84 1024. G.L. Lastra, Topological sort of SSI with minimal searching, C&G 15, 1991, 389-396. 1025. J. Yen, S. Spach, M. Smith, and R. Pulleyblank, Parallel boxing in B-spline intersection, CGA 11(1), 1991, 72-79. 1026. S. Cameron, Efficient bounds in constructive solid geometry, CGA 11(3), 1991, 68-74. 1027. E.W. Chionh, R.N. Goldman, and J.R. Miller, Using multivariate resultants to find the intersection of three quadric surfaces, TOG 10, 1991, 378-400. 1028. H. Toriya, Boolean operations for solids with free- form surfaces through polyhedral approximation, VC 7, 1991, 87-96. L. Motion 1029. IEEE Workshop on Visual Motion, Princeton, NJ, October 7-9, 1991 (IEEE Computer Society Press). L.1. Structure from motion 1030. J.L. Barron, A.D. Jepson, and J.K. Tsotsos, The feasibility of motion and structure from noisy time-varying image velocity information, IJCV 5, 1990, 239-269. 1031. M. Spetsakis and J.(Y.) Aloimonos, A multi-frame approach to visual motion perception, IJCV 6, 1991, 245-255. 1032. F. Bergholm and S. Carlsson, A ``theory'' of optical flow, IU 53, 1991, 171-188. 1033. C.H. Lee, Time-varying images: The effect of finite resolution on uniqueness, IU 54, 1991, 325-332. 1034. M. Tistarelli and G. Sandini, Estimation of depth from motion using an anthropomorphic visual sensor, IVC 8, 1990, 271-278. 1035. K. Daniilidis and H.H. Nagel, Analysis results on error sensitivity of motion estimation from two views, IVC 8, 1990, 297-303. 1036. S.J. Maybank, Ambiguity in reconstruction from image correspondences, IVC 9, 1991, 93-99. 85 1037. A. Blake and R. Cipolla, Robust estimation of surface curvature from deformation of apparent contours, IVC 9, 1991, 107-112. 1038. W. Enkelmann, Obstacle detection by evaluation of optical flow fields from image sequence, IVC 9, 1991, 160-168. 1039. H.P. Trivedi, On computing all solutions to the motion estimation problem with exact or noisy data, IVC 9, 1991, 229-234. 1040. C. Harris, Structure-from-motion under orthographic projection, IVC 9, 1991, 329-332. 1041. S. Pehjan, S. Ragupathi, and R.A. King, Improving the translation parameter estimation of linear algorithms, JVCIR 2, 1991, 79-84. 1042. S.L. Iu and K. Wohn, Recovery of 3D motion of a single particle, PR 24, 1991, 241-252. 1043. Y.F. Wang, N. Karandikar, and J.K. Aggarwal, Analysis of video image sequences using point and line correspondences, PR 24, 1991, 1065-1084. 1044. J. Arnspang, On the use of time varying shading and surface rim irradiance, PRL 12, 1991, 203-210. 1045. J. Arnspang, Fundamentals of texture flow equations in vision calculus, PRL 12, 1991, 211-218. 1046. J. Philip, Estimation of three-dimensional motion of rigid objects from noisy observations, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 61-66. 1047. T.J. Broida and R. Chellappa, Estimating the kinematics and structure of a rigid object from a sequence of monocular images, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 497-513. 1048. D. Weinshall, Direct computation of qualitative 3-D shape and motion invariants, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 1236-1240. 1049. S. Chaudhuri and S. Chatterjee, Performance analysis of total least squares methods in three-dimensional motion estimation, T-RA 7, 1991, 707-714. 86 1050. X. Hu and N. Ahuja, Motion estimation under orthographic projection, T-RA 7, 1991, 848-853. 1051. C.P. Jerian and R. Jain, Structure from motion-A critical analysis of methods, T-SMC 21, 1991, 572-588. 1052. J. Weng, N. Ahuja, and T.S. Huang, Motion and structure from point correspondences with error estimation: Planar surfaces, T-SP 39, 1991, 2691-2717. 1053. H.H. Chen, A screw motion approach to uniqueness analysis of head-eye geometry, CVPR, 145-151. 1054. H.S. Sawhney and A.R. Hanson, Identification and 3D description of ``shallow'' environmental structure in a sequence of images, CVPR, 179-185. 1055. M.A. Taalebinezhaad, Partial implementation of the fixation method on real images: Direct recovery of motion and shape in the general case, CVPR, 400-405. 1056. E.J. Weldon Jr. and H. Liu, How accurately can direct motion vision determine depth?, CVPR, 613-618. 1057. R. Szeliski, Shape from rotation, CVPR, 625-630. 1058. S.M. Haynes and R. Jain, Trajectories and events, CVPR, 702-703. 1059. S. Sull and N. Ahuja, Estimation of motion and structure of planar surfaces from a sequence of monocular images, CVPR, 732-733. 1060. M. Barth, H. Ishiguro, and S. Tsuji, Determining robot egomotion from motion parallax observed by an active camera, IJCAI, 1247-1253. 1061. S. Chandrashekhar and R. Chellappa, Passive navigation in a partially known environment, WVM, 2-7. 1062. J. Oliensis and J.I. Thomas, Incorporating motion error in multi-frame structure from motion, WVM, 8-13. 1063. W.O. Franzen, Structure and motion from uniform 3D acceleration, WVM, 14-20. 87 1064. C. Tomasi and T. Kanade, Factoring image sequences into shape and motion, WVM, 21-28. 1065. Y. Aloimonos and L. Huang, Motion-boundary illusions and their regularization, WVM, 88-94. 1066. D.J. Heeger, A.D. Jepson, and E.P. Simoncelli, Recovering observer translation with center-surround operators, WVM, 95-100. 1067. H. Ando, Dynamic reconstruction of 3D structure and 3D motion, WVM, 101-110. 1068. A.D. Jepson and D.J. Heeger, A fast subspace algorithm for recovering rigid motion, WVM, 124-131. 1069. S. Negahdaripour and S. Lee, Motion recovery from image sequences using first-order optical flow information, WVM, 132-139. 1070. V. Sundareswaran, Egomotion from global flow field data, WVM, 140-145. 1071. R. Gussin and S. Ullman, Direct computation of the focus of expansion from velocity field measurements, WVM, 146-155. 1072. K.J. Hanna, Direct multi-resolution estimation of ego-motion and structure from motion, WVM, 156-162. 1073. L. Huang and Y. Aloimonos, Relative depth from motion using normal flow: An active and purposive solution, WVM, 196-204. 1074. M. Tistarelli and G. Sandini, Direct estimation of time-to-impact from optical flow, WVM, 226-233. 1075. M. Spetsakis, Getting around the aperture problem using point and line correspondences, WVM, 236-241. 1076. C.J. Taylor, D.J. Kriegman, and P. Anandan, Structure and motion in two dimensions from multiple images: A least squares approach, WVM, 242-248. 1077. L. Quan and R. Mohr, Toward structure from motion for linear features through reference points, WVM, 249-254. 1078. J. Schick and E.D. Dickmanns, Simultaneous estimation of 3D shape and motion of objects by computer vision, WVM, 256-261. 88 1079. Y.L. Chang, 3D structure reconstruction from an ego motion sequence using statistical estimation and detection theory, WVM, 268-273. 1080. S. Sull and N. Ahuja, Segmentation, matching and estimation of structure and motion of textured piecewise planar surfaces, WVM, 274-279. L.2. Motion estimation; motion synthesis 1081. N. Ranganathan and R. Mehrotra, A VLSI arehitecture for dynamic scene analysis, IU 53, 1991, 189-197. 1082. K. Rangarajan and M. Shah, Establishing motion correspondence, IU 54, 1991, 56-73. 1083. D.S. Kalivas and A.A. Sawchuk, A region matching motion estimation algorithm, IU 54, 1991, 275-288. 1084. R. Deriche and O. Faugeras, Tracking line segments, IVC 8, 1990, 261-270. 1085. D. Nichol and M. Fiebig, Image segmentation and matching using the binary object forest, IVC 9, 1991, 139-149. 1086. P.M. Griffin and S.L. Messimer, Feature point tracking in time-varying images, PRL 11, 1990, 843-848. 1087. H.H. Chen and T.S. Huang, Using motion from orthographic views to verify 3-D point matches, T- PAMI 13, 1991, 872-878. 1088. K. Rangarajan and M. Shah, Establishing motion correspondence, CVPR, 103-108. 1089. Z. Zhang, R. Weiss, and E.M. Riseman, Feature matching in 360o waveforms for robot navigation, CVPR, 742-743. 1090. V. Venkateswar and R. Chellappa, Hierarchical feature based matching for motion correspondence, WVM, 280-285. 1091. C. Schnorr, Determining optical flow for irregular domains by minimizing quadratic functionals of a certain class, IJCV 6, 1991, 25-38. 89 1092. R. Battiti, E. Amaldi, and C. Koch, Computing optical flow across multiple scales: An adaptive coarse-to-fine strategy, IJCV 6, 1991, 133-145. 1093. S.A. Mahmoud, Motion estimation based on modified Fourier spectrum, IPL 37, 1991, 311-313. 1094. J. Wu and K. Wohn, On the deformation of image intensity and zero-crossing contours under motion, IU 53, 1991, 66-75. 1095. S.V. Fogel, The estimation of velocity vector fields from time-varying image sequences, IU 53, 1991, 253-287. 1096. D. Willick and Y.H. Yang, Experimental evaluation of motion constraint equations, IU 54, 1991, 206-214. 1097. J. Konrad and E. Dubois, Comparison of stochastic and deterministic solution methods in Bayesian estimation of 2D motion, IVC 8, 1990, 304-317. 1098. R.S. Jasinschi, The properties of space-time sampling and the extraction of the optical flow: The effects of motion uncertainty, JVCIR 2, 1991, 222-229. 1099. J.N. Driessen, L. Boroczky, and J. Biemond, Pel- recursive motion field estimation from image sequences, JVCIR 2, 1991, 259-280. 1100. A. Singh, Image-flow computation: An estimation- theoretic framework, unification and integration, MVA 4, 1991, 55. 1101. C.Q. Shu and Y.Q. Shi, On unified optical flow field, PR 24, 1991, 579-586. 1102. A. Nomura, H. Miike, and K. Koga, Field theory approach for determining optical flow, PRL 12, 1991, 183-190. 1103. K.Y. Wohn, J. Wu, and R.W. Brockett, A contour-based recovery of image flow: Iterative transformation method, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 746-760. 1104. S.A. Mahmoud, A new technique for velocity estimation of large moving objects, T-SP 39, 1991, 741-743. 90 1105. J. Dengler, Estimation of discontinuous displacement vector fields with the minimum description length criterion, CVPR, 276-282. 1106. M.J. Black and P. Anandan, Robust dynamic motion estimation over time, CVPR, 296-302. 1107. E.P. Simoncelli, E.H. Adelson, and D.J. Heeger, Probability distributions of optical flow, CVPR, 310-315. 1108. A. Singh, Incremental estimation of image flow using a Kalman filter, WVM, 36-43. 1109. H. Barman, L. Haglund, H. Knutsson, and G.H. Granlund, Estimation of velocity, acceleration, and disparity in time sequences, WVM, 44-51. 1110. D.J. Fleet and A.D. Jepson, Stability of phase information, WVM, 52-60. 1111. C. Koch, H.T. Wang, R. Battiti, B. Mathur, and C. Ziomkowski, An adaptive multi-scale approach for estimating optical flow: Computational theory and physiological implementation, WVM, 111-122. 1112. C. Koch, A. Moore, W. Bair, T. Horiuchi, B. Bishofberger, and J. Lazzaro, Computing motion using analog VLSI vision chips: An experimental comparison among four approaches, WVM, 312-324. 1113. T. Yasuno and T. Hamano, Three-dimensional reconstruction using homocentric spherical spatiotemporal image analysis, JVCIR 2, 1991, 365-372. 1114. S.L. Peng, Temporal slice analysis of image sequences, CVPR, 283-288. 1115. M. Allmen and C.R. Dyer, Long-range spatiotemporal motion understanding using spatiotemporal flow curves, CVPR, 303-309. 1116. J. Heel, Temporal surface reconstruction, CVPR, 607-612. 1117. S.P. Liou and R.C. Jain, Qualitative motion analysis using a spatio-temporal approach, CVPR, 726-727. 91 1118. H.H. Baker and T.D. Garvey, Motion tracking on the spatiotemporal surface, WVM, 340-345. 1119. Computer Animation '91 (Fourth International Conference on Computer Animation), Geneva, Switzerland, May 22-25, 1991. 1120. N. Magnenat-Thalmann and D. Thalmann, guest eds., Special Issue on Computer Animation 1989/90, VC 6(10), 1990, 307-374. 1121. C.W. Lee, O. Hasegawa, W. Wongwarawipat, H. Dohi, and M. Ishizuka, Realistic image synthesis of a deformable living thing based on motion understanding, JVCIR 2, 1991, 345-354. 1122. N. Max, Polygon-based post-process motion blur, VC 6, 1990, 308-314. 1123. T.L. Kunii and H. Gotoda, Singularity theoretical modeling and animation of garment wrinkle formation processes, VC 6, 1990, 326-336. 1124. C.W.A.M. van Overveld, An iterative approach to dynamic simulation of 3-D rigid body motions for real-time interactive computer animation, VC 7, 1991, 29-38. 1125. J. Wejchert and D. Haumann, Animation aerodynamics, SIGGRAPH, 19-22. 1126. S. Coquillart and P. Jancene, Animated free-form deformation: An interactive animation technique, SIGGRAPH, 23-26. 1127. W.T. Freeman, E.H. Adelson, and D.J. Heeger, Motion without movement, SIGGRAPH, 27-30. 1128. D. Baraff, Coping with friction for non-penetrating rigid body simulation, SIGGRAPH, 31-40. L.3. Motion: special topics 1129. B.K.P. Horn and J.G. Harris, Rigid body motion from range image sequences, IU 53, 1991, 1-13. 1130. B. Sabata and J.K. Aggarwal, Estimation of motion from a pair of range images: A review, IU 54, 1991, 309-324. 92 1131. Z. Zhang and O.D. Faugeras, Determining motion from 3D line segment matches: A comparative study, IVC 9, 1991, 10-19. 1132. Y.F. Wang and A. Pandey, A study on using structured lighting to analyze time varying image sequences, PR 24, 1991, 723-738. 1133. B.C. Vemuri and G. Skofteland, Surface and motion estimation from sparse range data, CVPR, 751-752. 1134. H.H. Chen, Determining motion and depth from binocular orthographic views, IU 54, 1991, 47-55. 1135. S. Lee and Y. Kay, A Kalman filter approach for accurate 3-D motion estimation from a sequence of stereo images, IU 54, 1991, 244-258. 1136. P. Balasubramanyam and M.A. Snyder, The P-field: A computational model for binocular motion processing, CVPR, 115-120. 1137. N. Cui, J. Weng, and P. Cohen, Motion and structure from long stereo image sequences, WVM, 75-80. 1138. R. Dutta and M.A. Snyder, Robustness of structure from binocular known motion, WVM, 81-86. 1139. M. Tistarelli, E. Grosso, and G. Sandini, Dynamic stereo in visual navigation, CVPR, 816-193. 1140. E. Francois and P. Bouthemy, Derivation of qualitative information in motion analysis, IVC 8, 1990, 279-288. 1141. A. Cumani, A. Guiducci, and P. Grattoni, Image description of dynamic scenes, PR 24, 1991, 661-673. 1142. M. Shizawa and K. Mase, A unified computational theory for motion transparency and motion boundaries based on eigenenergy analysis, CVPR, 289-295. 1143. F. Heitz, P. Perez, and P. Bouthemy, Parallel visual motion analysis using multiscale Markov random fields, WVM, 30-35. 1144. M. Shizawa and K. Mase, Principle of superposition: A common computational framework for analysis of multiple motion, WVM, 164-172. 93 1145. T. Darrell and A. Pentland, Robust estimation of a multi-layered motion representation, WVM, 173-178. 1146. T.E. Boult and L. Gottesfeld Brown, Factorization- based segmentation of motions, WVM, 179-186. 1147. S.A. Mahmoud, Motion analysis of multiple moving objects using Hartley transform, T-SMC 21, 1991, 280-287. 1148. S.D. Blostein and T.S. Huang, Detecting small, moving objects in image sequences using sequential hypothesis testing, T-SP 39, 1991, 1611-1629. 1149. E. Francois and P. Bouthemy, Multiframe-based identification of mobile components of a scene with a moving camera, CVPR, 166-172. 1150. R.C. Nelson, Qualitative detection of motion by a moving observer, CVPR, 173-178. 1151. P.J. Burt, R. Hingorani, and R.J. Kolczynski, Mechanisms for isolating component patterns in the sequential analysis of multiple motion, WVM, 187-193. 1152. J.(Y.) Aloimonos and D.P. Tsakiris, On the visual mathematics of tracking, IVC 9, 1991, 235-251. 1153. J.T. Feddema, C.S.G. Lee, and O.R. Mitchell, Weighted selection of image features for resolved rate visual feedback control, T-RA 7, 1991, 31-47. 1154. M.J. Fletcher, K. Warwick, and R.J. Mitchell, The application of a hybrid tracking algorithm to motion analysis, CVPR, 84-89. 1155. M.R.M. Jenkin, Using stereomotion to track binocular targets, CVPR, 96-102. 1156. D. Raviv, A quantitative approach to camera fixation, CVPR, 386-392. 1157. S. Chaudhuri and S. Chatterjee, Motion analysis of a homogeneously deformable object using subset correspondences, PR 24, 1991, 739-745. 1158. A. Pentland and B. Horowitz, Recovery of nonrigid motion and structure, T-PAMI 13, 1991, 730-742. 94 1159. J.S. Duncan, R.L. Owen, L.H. Staib, and P. Anandan, Measurement of non-rigid motion using contour shape descriptors, CVPR, 316-324. 1160. B. Horowitz and A. Pentland, Recovery of non-rigid motion and structure, CVPR, 325-330. 1161. D. Metaxas and D. Terzopoulos, Constrained deformable superquadrics and nonrigid motion tracking, CVPR, 337-343. 1162. N. da Vitoria Lobo and J.K. Tsotsos, Using collinear points to compute egomotion and detect nonrigidity, CVPR, 344-350. 1163. R.M. Cameron-Jones, Visual interpretation of Lambertian surface deformation, IJCAI, 1299-1304. 1164. A. Pentland, B. Horowitz, and S. Sclaroff, Non-rigid motion and structure from contour, WVM, 288-293. 1165. D. Metaxas and D. Terzopoulos, Recursive estimation of shape and nonrigid motion, WVM, 306-311. 1166. B. Bhanu and W. Burger, A qualitative approach to dynamic scene understanding, IU 54, 1991, 184-205. 1167. D. Koller, N. Heinze, and H.H. Nagel, Algorithmic characterization of vehicle trajectories from image sequences by motion verbs, CVPR, 90-95. 1168. S.K. Mishra, D.B. Goldgof, and T.S. Huang, Motion analysis and epicardial deformation estimation from angiography data, CVPR, 331-336. 1169. M.K. Leung, Y. Liu, and T.S. Huang, Estimating 3D vehicle motion in an outdoor scene from monocular and stereo image sequences, WVM, 62-68. 1170. S. Li, I. Miyawaki, H. Ishiguro, and S. Tsuji, Realizing active vision by a mobile robot, WVM, 205-210. 1171. J. Huber and V. Graefe, Quantitative interpretation of image velocities in real time, WVM, 211-216. 1172. D. Raviv and M. Herman, A new approach to vision and control for road following, WVM, 217-225. 95 1173. A.A. Amini and J.S. Duncan, Pointwise tracking of left-ventricular motion in 3D, WVM, 294-299. 1174. S.K. Mishra and D.B. Goldgof, Motion analysis and modeling of epicardial surfaces from point and line correspondences, WVM, 300-305. 1175. H. Morikawa and H. Harashima, 3D structure extraction coding of image sequences, JVCIR 2, 1991, 332-344. 1176. E. Ardizzone, A. Chella, S. Gaglio, and F. Sorbello, Motion analysis using the novelty filter, PRL 12, 1991, 177-182. 1177. J.P. Gauthier, G. Bornard, and M. Silbermann, Motions and pattern analysis: Harmonic analysis on motion groups and their homogeneous spaces, T- SMC 21, 1991, 159-172. 1178. J. Lubin, Adaptive coring techniques for spatio- temporal signals, WVM, 333-339. 96 Author Index (Numbers denote references) Abidi, M.A. 266 Anjyo, K. 681 AbuHaiba, I. 623 Ansari, N. 597, Acharya, R. 381, 599 975, 1006 Aono, M. 676 Addison, S. 701 Aoyama, H. 405 Ade, F. 856 Aragon, J. 125 Adelson, E.H. 352, Arbib, M.A. 170 796, 1107, 1127 Arbogast, E. 392 Aggarwal, J.K. Arce, G.R. 130, 263, 283, 768, 372 951, 1043, 1130 Ardizzone, E. 1176 Agishtein, M.E. Arkin, E.M. 750 400 Arman, F. 951 Ahuja, N. 1020, Arnspang, J. 1044, 1050, 1052, 1059, 1045 1080 Aronov, B. 641 Ai, C. 105 Arruabarrena, A. Aizawa, K. 534, 330 558 Arvo, J.(R.) 72, Akimoto, T. 866 111, 879 Akinobu, T. 875 Arya, S. 820 Albus, J.S. 196 Asada, M. 954 Aldon, M.J. 823 Asteasu, C. 1021 Aldroubi, A. 413, Astola, J. 128 460 Atallah, M.J. 551, Aleksander, I. 177 616 Algazi, V.R. 621, Atherton, T.J. 777 632 Atkinson, H.H. 974 Allebach, J.P. 142 Attali, S. 710 Allmen, M. 1115 Audette, M. 789 Alnuweiri, H.M. Augustyn, T.W. 280 309, 312, 333, Aupperle, L. 880 560 Aurenhammer, F. Aloimonos, (J.)Y. 609 42, 44, 1031, Avnir, D. 566 1065, 1073, 1152 Ayache, N. 245, Alyassin, A. 565 779, 830, 831, Amaldi, E. 1092 981 Amanatides, J. 864 Amini, A.A. 1173 Badler, N.I. 228 Amir, A. 692, 727 Baeza-Yates, Anandan, P. 1076, R.(A.) 720, 726 1106, 1159 Bair, W. 1112 Anastassiou, D. Bajcsy, R.K. 271 104 Baker, H.H. 1118 Ando, H. 1067 Balaji, S. 543 Angel, E. 590 Balasubramanyam, 97 Author Index P. 1136 Bertsekas, D.P. Balcazar, J.L. 330 321 Baldwin, W.A. 532 Beusmans, J.M.H. Ballard, D.H. 506 1010 Banerjee, S. 559, Beylkin, G. 382 702 Beymer, D.J. 474 Bani-Hashemi, A. Bhandarkar, S.M. 107 927, 928, 930 Baraff, D. 1128 Bhanu, B. 502, Baringer, W.B. 343 1166 Barkans, A.C. 96 Bhatnagar, D. 629, Barman, H. 1109 803 Barnhill, R.E. 886 Bhattacharya, B.K. Bar-Noy, A. 327 639 Barrett, E.B. 7, Bhattacharya, P. 990 48 Barron, J.L. 1030 Bickerstaff, M.A. Barry, P.J. 404 637 Barsky, B.A. 406 Bidasaria, H.B. Barth, M. 1060 1008 Barth, W. 63 Biemond, J. 118, Bartlett, S.L. 795 1099 Basri, R. 938 Bigun, J. 432 Basu, A. 626 Bihari, T.E. 247 Bataouche, S. 494 Bilbro, G. 485 Batchelor, B.G. Binford, T.O. 42, 25, 32 813 Battiti, R. 1092, Bishofberger, B. 1111 1112 Baum, D.R. 876 Black, M.J. 1106 Bay, J.S. 815 Blake, A. 3, 1037 Bazakos, M.E. 276 Blanz, W.E. 234 Becklund, A. 134 Bloomenthal, J. Beil, W. 793 905 Beinglass, A. 765 Blostein, S.D. Beivide, R. 330 1148 Bejczy, A. 243 Blum, C. 346 Bell, S.B.M. 375 Blumenkrans, A. Bengtsson, A. 546 570 Benhabib, B. 451 Bobick, A.F. 845 Bennett, D.J. 387 Boehm, W. 55, 886 Bennis, C. 685 Boender, E. 1022 Benson, P.J. 216 Bohme, J.F. 1009 Benteftifa, M.H. Bolivken, E. 426 483 Bolle, R.M. 429 Berg, T.B. 481 Boncelet Jr., C.G. Bergen, J.R. 752 372 Berger, A.D. 448 Borenstein, J. Bergholm, F. 1032 256, 258 Berry Jr., J.R. Borgefors, G. 612 712 Borges, C.F. 669 Bertrand, G. 981 Borges, R. 586 98 Author Index Bornard, G. 1177 Brunnstrom, K. 471 Bornstein, R. 573 Brzakovic, D. 127, Boroczky, L. 1099 445, 446 Boulic, R. 221 Buehrer, D.J. 545 Boult, T.E. 467, Bunke, H. 568 583, 654, 1146 Burger, P. 837 Bouman, C.(A.) Burger, W. 1166 667, 716 Burkhardt, H. 291 Bourbakis, N.G. Burt, P.J. 1151 191 Burton, M. 212 Bouthemy, P. 1140, Busch, H. 901 1143, 1149 Butler, C. 178 Bovik, A.C. 208, Butler, D.A. 385 210, 705, 718, Butt, S. 398 772 Bowyer, K.(W.) 42, Caianiello, E.R. 512, 513, 1016, 161 1019, 1020 Calderbank, A.R. Boyer, K.L. 450, 85 462, 603, 782, Califano, A. 549 786 Cameron, S. 1026 Boyer, M. 896 Cameron-Jones, Bozma, H.I. 514 R.M. 1163 Bozma, O. 810 Camps, O.I. 947 Brandt, J.W. 621, Canny, J. 638, 632 1017 Braquelaire, J.P. Cantoni, V. 18 1000 Capson, D.W. 804 Braunegg, D.J. 797 Cardillo, J. 809 Breen, D.E. 903 Carlsen, I.C. 793 Breuel, T.M. 960 Carlson, W.E. 88 Brill, M.H. 142, Carlsson, S. 1032 990 Carpenter, G.A. Brillault- 171 O'Mahony, B. 982 Carrie, S.E. 662 Brink, A.D. 489 Carriker, W.F. 650 Brockett, R.W. Casasent, D.P. 22 1103 Catthoor, F.V.M. Brodersen, R.W. 759 343 Caudill, M. 178 Brodlie, K.W. 398 Celniker, G. 906 Brogan, D. 140 Cernuschi-Frias, Broida, T.J. 1047 B. 424 Brown, C.(M.) 515, Chakravarthy, C.S. 925, 992 956 Brown, J.C. 430 Chan, M.Y. 325 Brown, M.K. 103 Chan, S.C. 694 Bruce, V. 212 Chandler, R.E. 584 Bruckstein, A.(M.) Chandrasekaran, B. 98, 573, 644, 520 753, 760, 763 Chandrashekhar, S. Brunelli, R. 969 1061 99 Author Index Chang, C. 788 Chern, M.G. 95 Chang, C.C. 347, Chetverikov, D. 545 707 Chang, C.Y. 850 Chew, L.P. 750 Chang, R.C. 608, Chionh, E.W. 1027 613, 614 Chiu, A.H. 493 Chang, S.K. 523 Cho, K. 627 Chang, W.T. 410 Choe, Y. 842 Chang, Y.L. 1079 Chorzempa, T. 615 Chapman, D. 505 Chou, S.L. 567, Chatterjee, S. 575 788, 1049, 1157 Choudhary, A.N. Chatterji, B.N. 757, 766 121 Chow, Y. 213 Chaudhuri, B.B. Christakos, G. 695 411, 577, 578, Chu, C.C. 283 628 Chu, C.H. 95 Chaudhuri, S. Chu, C.N. 915 1049, 1157 Chun, W.H. 240 Chaudhury, S. 535 Chung, K.L. 407 Chedmail, P. 640 Chung, R.C.K. 783 Chella, A. 1176 Cipolla, R. 1037 Chellappa, R. 35, Civanlar, M.R. 6 184, 466, 717, Clemens, D.T. 939, 790, 840, 844, 955 1047, 1061, 1090 Cocquerez, J.P. Chen, C.H. 176, 828 911, 966 Coelho, C. 995 Chen, C.T. 90, 475 Coffman Jr., E.G. Chen, H.H. 986, 56 1053, 1087, 1134 Cohen, F.S. 678, Chen, J.S. 124 709, 710 Chen, L.T. 557 Cohen, I. 831 Chen, M.H. 459 Cohen, L.D. 449, Chen, M.J.W. 26 831 Chen, Q. 262 Cohen, P. 789, Chen, S. 1007, 1137 1018 Coifman, R. 382 Chen, S.E. 878 Cok, D.R. 672 Chen, S.S. 15, 517 Cole, A.J. 106 Chen, S.W. 819 Cole, J.B. 994 Chen, S.Y. 252, Collin, Z. 195 475 Combettes, P.L. Chen, T.W. 967 438, 439 Chen, W. 390 Conway, D. 865 Chen, W.T. 739 Cooper, D.B. 424 Chen, X. 824 Cooper, J. 473 Chen, Z. 284, 814 Coquillart, S. Cheng, H.D. 2, 386 1126 Cheng, J.C. 741 Corbett, P.F. 315, Cheng, K.H. 332 318 Cherbit, G. 674 Cosnard, M. 299 100 Author Index Cowan, C.K. 910 de Miranda Gomes, Cox, I.J. 254 J. 108 Crabtree Jr., S.J. Deng, C.T. 396 356 Dengler, J. 1105 Crilly, T. 673 Denis, M. 148 Crisman, J.D. 251 Deriche, R. 604, Crochemore, M. 826, 828, 1084 721, 729 Dhome, M. 851, Crocker, G.A. 895 853, 855 Cronly-Dillon, J. Dhond, U.R. 768 145 Diamond, A.S. 112 Cross, G.R. 624, Dickinson, S.J. 723 949 Cui, N. 1137 Dickmanns, E.D. Cumani, A. 670, 1078 671, 1141 Dickson, W. 479 Curran, R.T. 278 Dinstein, I. 544, 601 Daniilidis, K. Dobie, M.R. 349 1035 Doebner, H.D. 158 Darrell, T. 500, Dohi, H. 1121 805, 1145 Domey, J. 220 Das, P.P. 617 Don, H.S. 741 Das, S.R. 1011 Dougherty, E.R. Dasarathy, B.V. 361, 372, 373 708 Drew, M.S. 663 Dash, L. 121 Driels, M.R. 395 Dassow, J. 562 Driessen, J.N. Daubechies, I. 382 1099 Daut, D.G. 542 Drummond, O.E. 275 David, C. 447 Dublish, P. 730 Davidoff, J. 657 Dubois, E. 1097 Davies, E.R. 756 Dudek, G. 550, 652 Davis, L.S. 557, Duncan, J.S. 514, 820, 932 1159, 1173 da Vitoria Lobo, Dunn, S.M. 627 N. 1162 Durrant-Whyte, Dayhoff, J. 179 H.F. 257 Dechter, R. 195 Dutta, R. 1138 DeFanti, T.A. 684 Dutta Majumder, D. Defee, I. 444 628, 931 de Figuereido, Dyer, C.(R.) 1015, R.J.P. 838 1020, 1115 DeHaemer Jr., M.J. 863 Earnshaw, R.(A.) Dehne, F. 302, 58, 77, 673 310, 556 Earwicker, P.G. Delingette, H. 821 701 Delp, E.J. 337, Eason, R.O. 266 597 Eberly, D. 125, DeMan, H.J. 759 374, 564, 565 DeMenthon, D. 820 Eckhardt, U. 51 101 Author Index Eckmuller, R. 157 511, 516 Edan, Y. 270 Fisher, R.B. 518 Eden, M. 413, 460 Fiume, E. 97, 867 Eeckman, F.H. 172 Flash, T. 270 Efe, K. 319, 331 Fleck, M.M. 769 Eggert, D. 1019 Fleet, D.J. 376, Ehlers, E.M. 529 771, 1110 Ehrig, H. 526 Fletcher, M.J. Ehrlich, R. 356 1154 Ejiri, M. 40 Fletcher, P. 661 Eklundh, J.O. 377, Flynn, A. 246 471, 546 Flynn, P.J. 933, Eldar, Y. 760 941, 950 Elfadel, I.M. 682 Fogel, S.V. 1095 Elfes, A. 244 Fok, K.Y. 253 Ellis, J.A. 326 Forsyth, D. 839, Ellis, R.E. 944 992, 995 El Mesbahi, J. 561 Fortune, S. 641 Enkelmann, W. 1038 Fountain, T.J. 300 Ens, J. 816 Fox, E.A. 84 Eom, K.B. 540 Francois, E. 1140, Eshaghian, M.M. 1149 341 Frank, C.B. 380 Espelid, R. 600 Franzen, W.O. 1063 Esposito, F. 734 Freeman, H. 1018 Evans, J. 912 Freeman, W.T. 352, 1127 Fackerell, E.D. Frisby, J.P. 773 1005 Fua, P. 509, 800 Fairney, P.T. 602, Fujimura, K. 634 929 Fujimura, S. 114 Fairwood, R.C. 926 Funt, B.V. 663 Fan, K.C. 850 Fan, Z. 709, 710 Gader, P.D. 357, Fang, M.Y. 739 373 Farrell, E.J. 59 Gagalowicz, A. 738 Farrelle, P.M. 86 Gaglio, S. 1176 Farrokhnia, F. 719 Galbiati Jr., L.J. Faugeras, O.(D.) 29 784, 1020, 1084, Galil, Z. 725 1131 Galvin, F. 607 Fearing, R.S. 813 Galyean, T.A. 907 Feddema, J.T. 1153 Gamble Jr., E.B. Ferretti, M. 18 469 Ferrie, F.P. 860 Games, A.J.P. 893 Fessler, J.A. 436, Gan, Z.J. 132 437 Garcia, G. 73 Fiebig, M. 1085 Gargantini, I. 974 Fierens, F. 286 Garvey, T.D. 1118 Fijany, A. 243 Gatrell, L. 267 Finke, R. 149 Gauthier, J.P. Fischler, M.A. 1177 102 Author Index Gay, R.K.L. 696 656, 879 Gazzaniga, M.S. Grenander, U. 213 167 Griffin, P.M. 1086 Geiger, D. 387, Grimson, W.E.L. 431, 477 921, 937, 943 Gelenbe, E. 173 Gross, A.D. 583 Geller, J. 525 Grossberg, S. 171 Gennert, M.A. 441 Grossi, R. 732 Gerbrands, J.(J.) Grosso, E. 1139 487, 829 Gu, G.G. 441 Ghosh, A. 486 Gudukbay, U. 892 Ghosh, P.K. 539 Guiducci, A. 671, Giancarlo, R. 725 1141 Gibbons, A. 314 Guitton, P. 1000 Gibson, E.J. 151 Guoxiang, A. 105 Gigus, Z. 1017 Gupta, A.J. 329 Gilbert, C.D. 156 Gupta, L. 740 Gillett, W.E. 791 Gussin, R. 1071 Girard, M. 226 Gutowitz, H. 303 Giraudon, G. 604 Guy, G. 544 Girosi, F. 431 Gwo, Y.R. 255 Glachet, R. 851, 855 Haag, N.N. 990 Gokmen, M. 465 Hagen, H. 891 Goldberg, N. 664 Hagen, M.A. 998 Goldgof, D.B. Hager, G. 425 1168, 1174 Haglund, L. 1109 Goldman, R.N. 404, Hahn, H. 940 1027 Hakimi, S.L. 403 Gonzalez, R.C. 266 Hall, E.L. 808 Gookin, D.M. 137 Hamano, T. 1113 Gordon, D. 1007 Hambrusch, S.(E.) Gordon, R. 689 329, 551, 554, Gossard, D. 906 556 Gotoda, H. 1123 Hanahara, K. 758 Gottesfeld Brown, Hancock, E.R. 463 L. 1146 Hang, H.M. 38 Goutsias, J. 360, Hanna, K.J. 1072 366, 371, 677, Hanrahan, P. 880, 712 885 Gowrinathan, S. Hanson, A.J. 509 274 Hanson, A.(R.) Grace, A.E. 579 334, 1054 Graefe, V. 1171 Haralick, R.M. 45, Granlund, G.H. 947, 988 432, 1109 Harashima, H. 1175 Grattoni, P. 671, Harris, C. 1040 1141 Harris, J.G. 1129 Grayston, L. 912 Hart, J.C. 684 Green, R.J. 623 Harwood, D. 932 Green, S. 74 Hasegawa, O. 1121 Greenberg, D.P. Hason, O. 508 103 Author Index Hassenklover, A.L. 150, 387 310 Holroyd, F.C. 375 Haumann, D. 1125 Holt, R.J. 388 Havelock, D.I. 751 Homem de Mello, Haynes, S.M. 1058 L.S. 914 Hazout, S. 364 Hong, K.S. 908 He, D.C. 706 Hong, L. 446 He, X.D. 656 Hong, Z.Q. 217 He, Y. 547, 548 Hoogs, A. 952 Healey, G. 665 Horiuchi, T. 1112 Hebert, M. 821 Horn, B.K.P. 1129 Hebrard, J.J. 728 Horng, S.J. 739 Hecquard, J. 975 Horowitz, B. 1158, Heeger, D.J. 1066, 1160, 1164 1068, 1107, 1127 Hoschek, J. 886 Heel, J. 1116 Houshangi, N. 260 Heijmans, H.J.A.M. Howard, V. 208 99, 358, 369 Hromkovik, J. 527 Heinze, N. 1167 Hsieh, H.C. 410 Heitz, F. 1143 Hsing, T.R. 81, 90 Heller, A. 995 Hsu, F.J. 348 Hellestrand, G.R. Hsu, W.I. 1001 637 Hsueh, Y.C. 95 Hel-Or, Y. 566 Hu, J. 589 Henderson, T.C. Hu, X. 1050 912 Huang, C.T. 620 Hendler, J. 350 Huang, K. 599 Henkel, P.A. 280 Huang, L. 285, Herbordt, M.C. 344 1065, 1073 Herman, G.T. 209, Huang, T.S. 42, 971 269, 743, 1052, Herman, I. 73 1087, 1148, 1168, Herman, M. 1172 1169 Herrada, E. 330 Huang, Y.M. 353 Hershey, J. 116 Huber, J. 1171 Hess, H. 508 Hubler, A. 51 Heydorn, S. 622 Huertas, A. 736 Heywood, T. 722 Hughes, J.F. 907 Higuchi, T. 350 Huitric, H. 220 Hingorani, R. 1151 Hummel, R. 948 Hiyane, M. 758 Hung, Y.P. 424 Ho, J. 663 Hung, Y.Y. 458 Ho, S.Y. 284 Huttenlocher, D.P. Hobby, J.D. 596 497, 747, 750, Hock, J.L. 1001 921, 922, 943 Hodgins, J.K. 227 Hwang, K. 333, 859 Hoff, W. 267 Hwang, S.M. 545 Hofmann, G.R. 346 Hwang, V.S.S. 281 Hoggar, G. 69 Hohmeyer, M.E. 406 Iba, H. 519 Holder, E.B. 708 Ibaroudene, D. Hollerbach, J.(M.) 1006 104 Author Index Ichikawa, T. 522 Jeng, S.C. 762 Ichioka, Y. 135 Jenkin, M.(R.M.) Iglesias, G. 685 652, 770, 771, Ikeuchi, K. 39, 1155 653, 655, 821, Jepson, A.D. 376, 834, 908, 909, 770, 771, 1030, 946, 965, 1020 1066, 1068, 1110 Ilg, M. 856 Jerian, C.P. 1051 Illing, D.P. 602, Jezouin, J.L. 288, 929 811 Imme, M. 119 Jiang, B.C. 390 Impedovo, S. 202 Jiang, X.Y. 568 Inakage, M. 871 Jin, X. 883 Inoue, H. 519 Jolion, J.M. 494 Inoue, K. 527, 531 Jonassen, I. 600 Irani, M. 120 Jones, H. 673 Iriyama, H. 875 Jones, J. 246 Irwin, M.J. 342 Jones, J.G. 701 Ishiguro, H. 265, Jones, J.L. 737 1060, 1170 Jones, J.P. 42 Ishihara, S. 135 Jones, P.W. 83 Ishizuka, M. 1121 Jordan III, J.R. Isler, V. 1004 772 Ito, A. 527 Jorraud, P. 186 Itzkovich, I. 537 Jost, R.G. 207 Iu, S.L. 1042 Juhola, M. 126 Iwanowski, S. 582 Jumarie, G. 488, Iyengar, S.S. 244, 691 651 Jun, S. 648 Jungert, E. 522 Jacobs, D.W. 939, 955, 961 Kabrisky, M. 181 Jain, A.K. 174, Kabuka, M.R. 253 621, 719, 819, Kadono, K. 954 933, 941, 950 Kahn, P. 3 Jain, R.(C.) 36, Kak, A.C. 923, 42, 493, 714, 934, 953 778, 801, 802, Kalivas, D.S. 1083 827, 1020, 1051, Kamgar-Parsi, B. 1058, 1117 737, 748 Jamieson, L.H. 337 Kanade, T. 39, Jancene, P. 1126 653, 785, 834, Jang, Y. 668 946, 1064 Jansen, F.W. 916, Kanatani, K. 983, 1012 984 Jansen, H. 887 Kandel, A. 537 Jasinschi, R.S. Kane, T.B. 507 1098 Kaneda, K. 874, Javidi, B. 139 875, 1013 Jefferies, M.E. Kang, C.W. 761 264 Kang, S.B. 965 Jeng, F.C. 435 Kangas, J. 162 105 Author Index Kapur, D. 900 Klette, R. 19 Karandikar, N. Klinker, G. 658 1043 Knoll, A.C. 812 Kartikeyan, B. 699 Knutsson, H. 1109 Kashyap, R.L. 842, Koch, C. 292, 915 1092, 1111, 1112 Kass, M. 687 Koch, R. 901 Kasturi, R. 36, Kochevar, P. 869 956 Kocsis, F. 1009 Katajainen, J. 126 Koga, K. 1102 Katz, S. 195 Koga, T. 21, 80 Kaufman, A. 881 Kohonen, T. 162 Kawagoe, M. 405 Koivo, A.J. 260 Kay, J.W. 430 Kolczynski, R.J. Kay, Y. 1135 1151 Kayaalp, A. 778 Koller, D. 1167 Kedem, K. 750 Kollias, S. 104 Keeler, K. 498 Komen, E.R. 340, Keenan, D.M. 213 576 Keller, J.M. 282 Kondo, K. 647 Kempenaers, P. 996 Kong, T.Y. 552, Kender, J.R. 857 973 Kergosian, Y.L. Konrad, J. 1097 976 Koparkar, P. 898 Kerr, R.L. 345 Koplowitz, J. 594 Khalili, P. 802 Kopperman, R. 552, Khosla, P.K. 448, 972 650 Koren, I. 322 Kim, B. 837 Koren, Y. 256, 258 Kim, C.E. 980 Korfhage, R.R. 522 Kim, D. 333 Koshikawa, K. 225 Kim, D.Y. 423 Kosko, B. 180 Kim, S.D. 481 Kosslyn, S.M. 150 Kim, W.Y. 934 Kovacevic, J. 100 Kim, Y. 205 Kozera, R. 832 Kim, Y.M. 311 Krause, F.L. 887 Kimura, M. 883 Kreowski, H.J. 526 King, R.A. 1041 Kriegman, D.J. Kirk, D. 111 918, 952, 1014, Kiryati, N. 98, 1076 644, 753, 760, Krikelis, A. 336 763 Krishna, C.M. 322 Kishino, F. 262 Krishnamurthy, Kitano, H. 350 E.V. 306 Kitchen, L. 473 Krithivasan, K. Kittler, J. 461, 642 463 Krogh, B.H. 650 Kjeldsen, R. 857 Kromker, D. 346 Kjell, B. 499 Kube, P.R. 788 Klassen, R.V. 414, Kubler, O. 882 595 Kuc, R. 249, 810 Klein, F. 882 Kuehnle, A. 268 106 Author Index Kumar, P. 629 Lee, D.T. 580 Kundu, A. 547, 548 Lee, H.C. 672 Kundu, M.K. 122, Lee, H.J. 396 628 Lee, K.H. 761 Kunii, T.L. 68, Lee, S. 502, 914, 976, 978, 1123 940, 1069, 1135 Kuno, Y. 942 Lee, S.L. 417 Kunt, M. 42 Lee, S.Y. 347, 348 Kuo, S. 723 Leedham, G. 197 Kurz, L. 483 Leguire, L.E. 794 Leighton, F.T. 308 Lacroix, V. 454 Leiss, E.L. 316 Lagendijk, R. 118 Le Mehaute, A. 888 Lai, T.H. 311, 328 Leonard, J.J. 257 Laine, A.F. 781 Leonardi, R. 91 Lam, D.M. 147, 156 Leu, J.G. 572 Lamdan, Y. 957 Leu, M.C. 250 Lancaster, J. 564, Leung, M.K. 269, 565 1169 Landau, G.M. 544, Levialdi, S. 18 601, 727 Levy Vehel, J. 683 Landy, M.S. 152 Lewis, P.H. 349 Langley, K. 777 Li, B.C. 569 Lapreste, J.T. Li, C.C. 465 851, 853, 855 Li, H. 399 Larcombe, M.H.E. Li, K. 332 777 Li, S. 1170 Larson, R.M. 23 Li, S.Z. 817 Lastra, G.L. 1024 Li, X. 626 Latham, R. 75 Li, Z.N. 767 Latifi, S. 317 Libby, V. 272 Latombe, J.C. 635, Libes, D. 894 636, 645 Liedtke, C.E. 901 Lattanzi, M.R. 538 Lifschitz, S. 616 Laur, D. 885 Lim, W. 3 Laurent, P.J. 888 Lin, F.C. 407 Laurini, R. 290 Lin, J.C. 575 Lauwerier, H. 675 Lin, T.T.Y. 872 Lavest, J.M. 855 Lin, W.C. 475, 967 Lawrence, P. 816 Lin, W.M. 194 Lazanas, A. 636 Lin, X. 536 Lazzaro, J. 1112 Lindeberg, T. 377, Le, V.B. 580 471 Lebreton, G. 136 Lindenbaum, M. Leclerc, Y.G. 845 594, 763 Lee, C. 988 Lindley, C.A. 31 Lee, C.H. 1033 Linhart, J. 970 Lee, C.N. 553, 979 Linkopoulos, A. Lee, C.S.G. 1153 446 Lee, C.W. 1121 Liou, S.P. 493, Lee, D. 459, 464 827, 1117 Lee, D.L. 335 Liow, Y.T. 555 107 Author Index Lipscomb, J.S. 219 Marill, T. 847 Little, J.J. 791 Marks II, R.J. 94 Liu, B. 716 Marshall, A.D. 235 Liu, H. 1056 Martin, R.R. 235 Liu, L. 421, 468 Mase, K. 866, Liu, S.Q. 399 1142, 1144 Liu, Y. 743, 1169 Mataloni, R.J. 274 Liu, Z.Q. 380 Mathis, D. 985 Loew, M.H. 206 Mathur, B.(P.) Logenthiran, A. 292, 1111 485 Mathur, S. 218 Logie, R.H. 148 Matsui, S. 365 Long, W. 215 Matsuyama, T. 281 Longbotham, H. 125 Max, N. 868, 1122 Lorensen, W.E. 903 Maybank, S.J. 1036 Lowe, D.G. 935 Mayhew, J.E.W. Lu, S. 455 773, 774, 776 Lubin, J. 1178 McAndrew, P. 507 Luby, M. 554 McCorduck, P. 524 Luccio, F. 731 McLauchlan, P.F. Lueker, G.S. 56 773 Luijendijk, H. 490 Medioni, G. 124, Lumelsky, V.J. 646 736, 811, 959, Lustman, F. 779 962 Meer, P. 123, 378, Ma, S.D. 397 423, 494, 820 Maes, M. 749 Megson, G.M. 408 Magee, M. 267, 985 Mehrotra, R. 1081 Maglara, A. 818 Meisels, A. 508, Magnenat-Thalmann, 510 N. 66, 211, 214, Melter, R.A. 48 221, 1120 Messimer, S.L. Mahmoud, S.A. 623, 1086 1093, 1104, 1147 Metaxas, D. 897, Maiocchi, R. 222 1161, 1165 Majid, A.A. 417 Meyer, A. 416 Makisara, K. 162 Meyer, C.R. 421, Malandain, G. 828, 468 981 Meyer, P.R. 552, Malerba, D. 734 972 Malladi, R. 902 Meyer, Y. 382 Mallat, S. 382, Migdal, A.A. 400 383 Miike, H. 1102 Manber, U. 720 Milios, E. 652 Mandel, J.M. 690 Miller, G. 878 Manjunath, B.S. Miller, J.R. 1027 466, 717 Miller, J.V. 903 Mann, S. 876 Miller, R. 102, Manseur, Z.Z. 351 563 Mao, M. 132 Millham, C.B. 1023 Maresca, M. 300 Minami, T. 218 Margalit, A. 748 Ming, J. 502 108 Author Index Mintz, D. 423, 692 Nagata, T. 945 Mintz, M. 425 Nagel, H.H. 1035, Mishra, S.K. 1168, 1167 1174 Nagel, W. 51 Mitchell, B.T. 5 Nahas, M. 220 Mitchell, D.P. 877 Naito, S. 994 Mitchell, J.S.B. Nakamae, E. 874, 643, 750 875, 1013 Mitchell, O.R. Nakamura, A. 534, 363, 482, 620, 558 1153 Nakamura, O. 218 Mitchell, R.J. Narayanan, N.H. 1154 520 Mitra, R.S. 744 Nasr, H.N. 23, Mitra, S.K. 6 276, 279 Miyawaki, I. 1170 Nayar, S.K. 653, Moezzi, S. 795 834 Mohan, R. 549 Naylor, B. 91 Mohr, R. 392, 987, Naylor, P.S. 264 1077 Neff, J.A. 138 Moldovan, D. 350 Negahdaripour, S. Monga, O. 826, 1069 828, 830 Negrini, R. 18 Montanari, U. 193 Nelson, R.C. 1150 Montani, C. 999 Netravali, A.N. Montanvert, A. 378 388 Moore, A. 1112 Neuvo, Y. 128, Moorhead II, R.J. 291, 444 6 Nevatia, R. 783, Morales, A. 381 849, 854 Morii, F. 491 Nguyen, N.Q. 364 Morikawa, H. 1175 Nguyen, V.D. 900 Morin, L. 987 Nichani, S.J. 472 Morrison, D. 590 Nichol, D. 1085 Mortenson, M.E. 70 Nie, X. 133 Morton, H. 177 Nielsen, L. 991 Moshfeghi, M. 735 Nirmal, N. 533 Mount, D. 702 Nishita, T. 874, Movshon, J.A. 152 875, 1013 Mozer, M.C. 201 Nivat, M. 295 Mukerjee, A. 917 Niwinski, D. 313 Mulgaonkar, P.G. Nolle, M. 988 911, 966 Nomura, A. 1102 Mundy, J.(L.) 900, Nordstrom, K.N. 992, 995, 1020 452 Muraki, S. 825 Novak, M. 159 Murase, H. 994 Nurre, J.H. 808 Murthy, N.N. 744 Mycielski, J. 313 Oakley, J.P. 453 Obaidat, M.S. 794 Nafarieh, A. 282 O'Bara, R.M. 903 Nag, H. 384 Occhinegro, S. 202 109 Author Index Oetzel, R.M. 185 Patton, R. 445 Ogawa, H. 574 Pavlidis, T. 459, Ogura, H. 114 589 Okada, S. 942 Payton, D.W. 247 Okamoto, T. 874 Payton, P.M. 990 Okamoto, Y. 942 Pearson, J.J. 7 Okutomi, M. 785 Peckinpaugh, S.H. Oliensis, J. 833, 703 836, 846, 1062 Pehjan, S. 1041 Onural, L. 679 Pehkonen, K. 932 Oommen, B.J. 693 Peiper, U.M. 270 Oosterlinck, A. Peleg, D. 327 286, 996 Peleg, S. 120, 566 Orbegozo, A. 1021 Pelikan, E. 159 Orchard, M.T. 667 Peng, S.L. 1114 O'Rourke, J. 54 Penna, M.A. 391, Orr, M.J.L. 518 394 Osherson, D.N. 150 Pentland, A.(P.) Osinga, S.A. 286 224, 500, 682, Ottaviano, L. 202 841, 904, 936, Ottenberg, K. 988 949, 958, 1020, Overington, T. 153 1145, 1158, 1160, Owen, R.L. 1159 1164 Owens, R.M. 342 Perez, P. 1143 Owolabi, O. 733 Pernici, B. 222 Ozguc, B. 892, Perona, P. 355 1004 Perrett, D.I. 216 Ozveren, C. 321 Perrin, D. 721 Peter, M. 856 Pagli, L. 731 Petkovic, D. 236, Pal, N.R. 478 343 Pal, S.K. 122, Petrou, M. 461 478, 486, 630 Pham, B. 401, 591 Pan, Y. 571 Philip, J. 1046 Pandey, A. 1132 Phillips, C.B. 228 Papadimitriou, Picard, R.W. 682 C.H. 643 Piegl, L. 588 Park, J. 540 Pierson, P.K. 385 Park, R.H. 123, Pitas, I. 129, 818 761 Plamondon, R. 2, Park, S.K. 354 197 Parker, J.R. 495 Plantinga, H. 1015 Parthasarathy, G. P.L Combettes 439 535 Pochec, P. 806 Partridge, D. 192 Poggio, T. 969 Parui, S.K. 625 Pollard, S.(B.) Parvin, B. 962 775, 776, 925 Pasemann, F. 158 Ponce, J. 952, Patel, M.A.(S.) 1014 678, 709 Ponnusamy, R. 757, Pathre, U.S. 395 766 Patnaik, L.M. 1011 Porrill, J. 775, 110 Author Index 776 Ray, K.S. 412, 931 Post, F.H. 63 Ray, L. 102 Poston, T. 553, Reddy, H.N. 316 979 Reed, G.M. 47 Pottmann, H. 418 Reed, T. 480 Poulin, P. 864 Rege, A. 638 Prasanna (Kumar), Regier, T. 858 V.K. 194, 301, Reichenbach, S.E. 304, 309, 312, 354 333, 560 Reif, J.(H.) 89, Pratt, W.K. 30 305, 638 Prautzsch, H. 55 Reinke, W.F. 895 Preston Jr., K. Reiss, T.H. 581 359 Ribeiro, C.C. 616 Pribram, K.H. 154 Richardson, C.H. Pueyo, X. 873 368 Puget, P. 389 Richetin, M. 853 Pujari, A.K. 803 Rigoutsos, I. 948 Pulleyblank, R. Rijpkema, H. 226 1025 Rimey, R.D. 515 Rioux, M. 220 Quan, L. 1077 Riseman, E.(M.) Quek, F. 714 334, 1089 Rissanen, J. 93 Rabbani, M. 83 Rives, G. 853 Radha, H. 91 Robert, J.C. 909 Ragupathi, S. 1041 Robert, L. 784 Raibert, M.H. 227 Robinson, J.A. 170 Raita, T. 126 Rocchisani, J.M. Rajala, S. 485 826 Rama, R. 533 Rodd, M.G. 456 Randriamasy, S. Rodriguez, A.A. 738 482 Ranganath, S. 379 Roetling, P.G. 113 Ranganathan, N. Rogers, D. 76, 77 472, 1081 Rogers, S.K. 160, Rangarajan, K. 181 1082, 1088 Rogowitz, B.E. 142 Rangayyan, R. 380 Roller, D. 891 Ranka, S. 131, Roman, G.C. 781 307, 722 Ronghang, W. 587 Rankin, J.R. 585 Ronse, C. 358 Rao, A.R. 698 Roscoe, A.W. 47 Rao, N.S.V. 651, Rosendahl, J.D. 745 239 Raphael, L. 382 Rosenfeld, A. 42, Rappoport, A. 870 43, 44, 46, 48, Ravishankar Rao, 285, 334, 378, A. 700, 778 423, 492, 553, Raviv, D. 1156, 630, 702, 737, 1172 748, 949, 973, Ray, B.K. 412 979 111 Author Index Rosin, P.L. 598, Schalkoff, R.J. 822 384 Rossi, F. 193 Schenker, P.S. 24 Rote, G. 742 Scherson, I.D. Rothwell, C. 995 315, 318 Rozenberg, G. 526 Schick, J. 1078 Rubinstein, J. 993 Schilling, A. 109 Rushmeier, H.E. Schmeichel, E.F. 878 403 Ruskai, M.B. 382 Schmitt, F. 824 Rygot, M. 925 Schmitt, M. 362 Rytter, W. 528, Schneider, R.H. 729 204 Schnorr, C. 1091 Sabata, B. 1130 Schonfeld, D. 360, Sack, J.R. 52, 310 366, 371 Sadjadi, F.A. 117, Schroder, H. 401 273 Schumaker, L.L. Safaee-Rad, R. 451 888 Sahni, S. 131, 307 Schunck, B.G. 419, Saint-Marc, P. 421, 468, 700, 124, 288, 811 801 Saito, T. 365, 919 Schwartz, S.J. 274 Salari, E. 543 Schwartzkopf, O. Salem, G.J. 852 606 Sallam, M. 1016 Schweikard, A. 259 Salzman, D. 880 Sclaroff, S. 904, Samanta, G.P. 411 936, 958, 1164 Sanchez A., V.D. Scopigno, R. 999 168 Scudder, M.J. 344 Sander, P. 830 Seeger, R. 457 Sanderson, A. 912 Seeger, U. 457 Sandini, G. 1034, Seetharamulu, P. 1074, 1139 803 Sangiovanni- Segman, J. 993 Vincentelli, A. Seidel, R. 1017 442 Semeraro, G. 734 Santoro, N. 310 Sethi, I.K. 174 Sanz, J.L.C. 234 Sezan, M.I. 440 Saoudi, A. 295, Sgurev, V. 186 528 Shackleton, M.A. Sarig, Y. 270 223 Sari-Sarraf, H. Shaffer, C.A. 538, 127 611 Sarkar, A. 699 Shah, A.V. 755 Sarkar, S. 450, Shah, J. 496 462, 782 Shah, M. 1082, Sato, K. 655, 946 1088 Sauer, K. 443 Shakunaga, T. 964 Sawchuk, A.A. 1083 Shann, R.T. 453 Sawhney, H.S. 1054 Shao, L. 924 Schafer, R.W. 368 Shao, M. 790 112 Author Index Shapira, Y. 968 Singh, S.K. 250 Shapiro, L.G. 45, Sinha, S.S. 419 947 Sirjani, A. 624 Shatz, C.J. 147 Sitaram, D. 322 Shekhar, S. 636 Sklair, C. 267 Shen, H.C. 704 Sklansky, J. 229 Shen, J. 569 Skofteland, G. Sher, C.A. 492 1133 Sher, D.B. 427 Skordas, S. 389 Sheu, P.C.Y. 345 Slater, M. 872 Shi, D.H. 458 Slater, P.N. 277 Shi, Y.Q. 1101 Smith, J.A. 278 Shih, F.Y.(C.) Smith, K.C. 451 363, 541 Smith, K.P. 876 Shiller, Z. 255 Smith, M. 1025 Shimaya, A. 503 Smith, W.J. 659 Shin, K.G. 648 Snyder, M.A. 42, Shinagawa, Y. 976, 433, 1136, 1138 978 Snyder, W. 485 Shio, A. 229 Sofer, D. 428 Shirai, Y. 954 Soille, P. 409, Shizawa, M. 1142, 633 1144 Sood, A.K. 499 Shmuel, A. 799 Sorbello, F. 1176 Shmulevich, I. 270 Spach, S. 1025 Shoemake, K. 905 Spackman, J. 1003 Shonkwiler, R. 610 Spann, M. 484, 579 Shore, S.D. 607 Sparr, G. 991 Shu, C.F. 714 Speer, L.R. 862 Shu, C.Q. 1101 Spetsakis, M. Shvaytser 1031, 1075 (Schweitzer), H. Sprague, A.P. 328 752 Srikant, R. 642 Sid-Ahmed, M.A. Staib, L.H. 1159 809 Stamoulis, G.D. Siegel, H.J. 481 321 Siegel, P.H. 85 Stansfield, S.A. Silbermann, M. 848 1177 Stark, L. 512, 513 Silbermann, M.J. Stefanelli, R. 18 890 Stein, F. 959 Sillion, F.X. 656, Stelmaszyk, P. 265 879 Stephens, R.S. 754 Simchony, T. 790 Stewart, C.V. 787 Simmen, M. 324 Stewart, N.F. 896 Simon, J.C. 291 Stewart, W.K. 287 Simoncelli, E.P. Stojmenovic, I. 1066, 1107 980 Sims, K. 697 Stolfi, J. 57 Simula, O. 162 Stoller, L. 912 Singh, A. 1100, Stoltzfus, N. 651 1108 Stoney, W.E. 239 113 Author Index Storer, J.A. 89 Takita, S. 875 Stout, Q.F. 563, Talluri, R. 263 611 Tang, S.H. 458 Strasters, K.C. Tang, Y.Y. 386 829 Tarabanis, K. 913 Strat, T.M. 511, Taubin, G. 434 516 Taxt, T. 426 Strauss, O. 823 Taylor, C.J. 1076 Strawn, G.O. 532 Tchoukanov, I. 451 Strobach, P. 92 Terzopoulos, D. Strong, J.P. 323 420, 897, 1161, Stucki, P. 592 1165 Su, C.J. 917 Tescher, A.G. 14, Su, T.H. 608, 613, 81 614 TeWinkel, L.E. 551 Subirana-Vilanova, Texeira, J.C.G. J.B. 605 893 Subramanian, S. Thacker, N.A. 774 535 Thalmann, D. 66, Suen, C.Y. 386 211, 214, 221, Suenaga, Y. 680, 1120 866 Thazhuthaveetil, Suetens, P. 286 M.J. 755 Suffern, K.G. 1005 Thomas, J.I. 1062 Suganuma, Y. 521 Thomas, R.W. 701 Sugimoto, K. 798 Thompson, A.M. 430 Suk, M. 927, 928, Thompson, D. 290 930 Thorpe, C.E. 248 Sull, S. 1059, Thurell, L.G. 659 1080 Tirumalai, A.P. Sullivan, J. 102 801 Sundareswaran, V. Tistarelli, M. 1070 1034, 1074, 1139 Super, B.J. 705 Titterington, D.M. Suzuki, S. 631 430 Suzuki, T. 114 Toborg, S.T. 859 Svalbe, I.D. 370 Toet, A. 99 Svetkoff, D.J. 233 Tomasi, C. 1064 Szeliski, R. 422, Tominaga, S. 666 835, 1057 Tomita, F. 798 Szepietowski, A. Tong, F. 767 530 Topkar, V.A. 499 Szeto, A. 455 Toriwaki, J. 883 Toriya, H. 1028 Taalebinezhaad, Torralba, A. 338 M.A. 1055 Torrance, K.E. 656 Tagare, H.D. 838, Travis, D. 660 890 Trivedi, H.P. 792, Takahashi, H. 798 1039 Takahashi, T. 919 Trivedi, M.(M.) Takanami, I. 527, 34, 188, 237 531 Trucco, E. 977 114 Author Index Trussell, H.J. van Emmerik, 438, 439, 440 M.J.G.M. 899 Trytten, D.A. 501 Van Gelder, A. 884 Tsai, R.Y. 913 Van Gool, L. 996 Tsai, W.H. 252, van Overveld, 393, 567, 575, C.W.A.M. 1124 762 Van Swaaij, Tsakiris, D.P. M.F.X.B. 759 1152 van Wijk, J.J. 688 Tseng, D.C. 814 Varadarajan, R. Tseng, P. 321 320 Tsikos, C.J. 271 Vasilescu, M. 420 Tsitsiklis, J.N. Vayda, A.J. 923, 321 953 Tsotsos, J.K. 550, Veijanen, A. 711 770, 1030, 1162 Velho, L. 108 Tsuji, S. 40, 262, Vemuri, B.C. 16, 265, 1060, 1170 429, 902, 1133 Tsujiuchi, J. 135 Venetsanopoulos, Tuceryan, M. 501, A.N. 129 615 Venkatesh, S. 473 Tufte, E. 71 Venkateswar, V. Turk, G. 686 1090 Turk, M.A. 224 Vergnet, R.L. 288 Turner, D. 878 Verwer, B.J.H. 618 Tye, M. 155 Vetterli, M. 91, Tzou, K.H. 21, 38, 100 80 Vezien, J.M. 685 Viard, V.B. 249 Udupa, J.K. 209 Vidyasagar, M. 237 Ueda, N. 631 Vincent, L. 619, Ullman, S. 922, 633 938, 968, 1071 Vishkin, U. 724 Ulupinar, F. 849, Volz, R.A. 924 854 Von Solms, S.H. Umeyama, S. 746 529 Unapathi Rao, P.S. 629 Wachter, R.F. 47 Unbehauen, R. 133 Wah, B.W. 169 Unser, M. 413, Walker, M.W. 924 460, 713 Wallace, A.M. 507 Upadhye, A.M. 740 Walton, D.J. 415 Urrutia, J. 52 Waltz, D. 350 Waltz, F.M. 25 Vaidya, N.H. 1011 Wang, C. 285 Vaidya, N.M. 786 Wang, G. 402 Valveti, R.S. 693 Wang, H.T. 1111 Van Wang, J.Y.A. 796 Cleynenbreugel, Wang, L. 706 J. 286 Wang, L.L. 393 van der Zalm, Wang, P.S.P. 200, A.N.T. 916 295 115 Author Index Wang, R.L. 445 Wilfong, G. 641 Wang, Y.F. 807, Wilhelms, J. 884 1043, 1132 Wilkes, D. 652 Warwick, K. 1154 Wilks, Y. 192 Wasilkowski, G.W. Willberg, R.B. 146 464 Williams, C.S. 134 Wasserman, P.D. Williamson, G.J. 182, 183, 185 662 Wasson, W.D. 806 Willick, D. 1096 Watanabe, Y. 680 Willis, P. 1003 Watson, K. 278 Wilson, D.C. 351 Wayner, P.C. 997 Wilson, M. 736 Webb, J.A. 251 Wilson, R.G. 777, Weber Sklair, C. 972 985 Winget, J.M. 876 Wechsler, H. 175, Wisskirchen, P. 78 480 Witkin, A. 687 Weems, C.(C.) 334, Wohn, K.(Y.) 805, 339, 344 1042, 1094, 1103 Wei, G.Q. 397 Wolf, J.K. 85 Weidner, P. 622 Wolfe, W.(J.) 240, Weil, F. 337 267, 985 Weiner, G. 51 Wolff, L.B. 467, Weinshall, D. 3, 654 1048 Wolfson, H.J. 764, Weiss, R. 1089 765, 957 Weitz, E. 912 Wong, A.K.C. 694, Wejchert, J. 1125 704 Weldon Jr., E.J. Wong, P.W. 101, 1056 704 Wells, S.C. 662 Wongwarawipat, W. Wells III, W.M. 1121 963 Woods, J.W. 87, Welsh, W.J. 223 435 Wendel, P.L. 298 Wozny, M.J. 903 Weng, J. 789, Wright, W.E. 593 1052, 1137 Wu, A.Y. 973 Wenger, P. 640 Wu, J. 1094, 1103 Wenhai, J. 587 Wu, J.L. 353 Wenzel, D. 374 Wu, Q.M. 456 Werman, M. 799 Wu, X. 110 West, G.A.W. 598, Wu, Y. 536 822 Wuescher, D.M. Westin, S.H. 879 603, 782 Weymouth, T.E. 795 Wust, C. 804 Whaite, P. 860 Wuthrich, C.A. 592 Whatmough, R.J. Wyvill, B. 58 476 Whitman, S.R. 861 Xu, J. 33, 367 Wiklund, J. 432 Xu, R. 415 Wilder, J. 236 Xu, W. 402 Wildes, R.P. 780 116 Author Index Yachida, M. 261 Zucker, S.W. 447 Yagi, Y. 261 Zyda, M.J. 863 Yamada, H. 365 Yamamoto, K. 365 Yamamoto, M. 225 Yang, Y. 843 Yang, Y.H. 215, 1096 Yao, B.G. 767 Yao, F. 53 Yarlagadda, R. 116 Yasuda, Y. 41 Yasuno, T. 1113 Yeap, W.K. 264 Yen, J. 1025 Yla-Jaaski, J. 715, 882 Yli-Harja, O. 128 Yokoi, S. 883 Yoroizawa, I. 503 You, I.C. 915 Young, T.Y. 852 Yu, B. 536 Yu, X. 715 Yuan, B. 715 Yuan, L.P. 356 Yuille, A. 477, 843 Zavidovique, B. 298 Zeevi, Y. 993 Zha, H.B. 945 Zhang, Y.J. 487 Zhang, Z. 1089, 1131 Zhao, D. 542 Zheng, J.L. 1023 Zheng, J.Y. 262 Zheng, Q. 840, 844 Zhou, X. 689 Zhou, Y.T. 184 Zhu, D. 645 Zhu, Q. 649, 1002 Zhu, Q.M. 458 Zhuravlev, Y. 37 Ziani, R. 314 Ziomkowski, C. 1111 Ziou, D. 470 Zisserman, A. 839, 992, 995 96