$Unique_ID{BRK03599} $Pretitle{} $Title{Chromosome 11/14 Translocation} $Subject{Chromosome 11/14 Translocation 11/14 Chromosome Translocation Translocation of Chromosomes 11/14 Leukemias Hodgkin's Disease Letterer-Siwe Disease Myelofibrosis-Osteosclerosis} $Volume{} $Log{} Copyright (C) 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. 792: Chromosome 11/14 Translocation ** IMPORTANT ** It is possible that the main title of the article (Chromosome 11/14 Translocation) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article. Synonyms 11/14 Chromosome Translocation Translocation of Chromosomes 11/14 Information on the following disorders can be found in the Related Disorders section of this report: Leukemias Hodgkin's Disease Letterer-Siwe Disease Myelofibrosis-Osteosclerosis General Discussion ** REMINDER ** The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources" section of this report. Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is a chromosomal disorder caused by an abnormal exchange of parts between chromosomes 11 and 14. Some of chromosome 11 is located on chromosome 14 or vice versa. This disorder is associated with certain types of leukemia. Symptoms Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is associated with certain types of leukemia. In leukemia, there is an unusually high level of white blood cells. There are different types of white blood cells. Some are called B cells, and others are called T cells. Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is linked especially with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (generally involving the B cell) and T-cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia. Where the translocation is located on a chromosome usually determines which type of leukemia a person will get. Symptoms of these leukemias may include anemia causing loss of strength (asthenia), pallor, headache, ringing of the ears (tinnitus), labored, breathing (dyspnea), chest pain (angina), and swelling (edema). Hemorrhage, infections (generally bacterial such as sinusitis or pneumonia), fatigue, night sweats, fever, anorexia, or weight loss are other possible symptoms of leukemia. Swelling of the lymph nodes may also occur. Causes Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is caused by an exchange of parts between chromosomes 11 and 14. Some of chromosome 11 is located on chromosome 14 or vice versa. The reasons these chromosomes are abnormal is not understood. However, in some cases the cause may be genetic, possibly of autosomal dominant inheritance. Human traits, including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the interaction of two genes, one received from the father and one from the mother. In dominant disorders a single copy of the disease gene (received from either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the other normal gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is fifty percent for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child. Affected Population Chromosome 11/14 Translocation is a rare disorder associated with certain types of leukemia. There are many types of leukemia, some of which are not rare. Related Disorders Leukemias are the generalized cancerous (neoplastic) disorders of the blood forming tissue, such as bone marrow. They primarily affect tissues forming the white blood cells (leukocytes), causing an abnormally high accumulation of white blood cells. There are many different types of Leukemias. (For more information on these disorders, choose "leukemia" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database). Hodgkin's Disease is a form of cancer of the lymphatic system, especially the lymph nodes. Tumors occur in the lymph nodes and/or the area around the nodes. Fever, night sweats, and weight loss may occur along with the swollen lymph nodes. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Hodgkin's" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database). Letterer-Siwe Disease (Histiocytosis-X) is a hereditary disorder characterized by generalized enlargement of lymph nodes, liver and spleen, combined with persistent low-grade fever. Symptoms include pallor, yellowish-brown spotty elevated (maculopapular) lesions, sometimes with ulceration. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Histiocytosis-X" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database). Myelofibrosis-Osteosclerosis is a disorder characterized by the growth of fibrous tissue in the bone marrow causing anemia, weakness and fatigue due to constant replacement of normal bone marrow cells. Episodes of severe pain in the abdomen, bones and joints may also occur. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Myelofibrosis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database). Therapies: Standard Treatment of leukemia associated with Chromosome 11/14 Translocation may include the following: Chemotherapy involves the use of "anticancer" drugs. Leukeran (chlorambucil) is one drug that is often used for standard treatment of leukemia. Radiotherapy (radiation) may be used to destroy lymphocytes and shrink enlarged lymph nodes. Prednisone, an immunosuppressive drug, may also be used. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Therapies: Investigational Leukapheresis is a procedure by which leukocytes are removed from the patient's blood. Pentaspan is an orphan drug which has recently been approved for marketing, and is used to aid in leukapheresis. There are several orphan drugs being used on an experimental basis or in clinical trials to treat different types of leukemia. For Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), the following orphan drugs are being tested: erwinia l-asparaginase by Porton Products, Ltd., Encino, CA, and also by LyphoMed, Inc., Melrose Park, IL. PEG-L-asparaginase by Enzon, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ. For B-cell Leukemia, orphan drugs being tested are the following: ImmuRAIT, LL-2-I-131 by Immunomedics, Inc., Warren, NJ. ST1-RTA Immunotoxin (SR 44163) by Sanofi, Inc., New York, NY. For Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, the orphan drug being tested is: fludarabine phosphate by Triton Biosciences, Alameda, CA. For treatment of primary immunodeficiency disease associated with T-cell defects, there is recombinant Interleukin-2 being developed by Cetus Corp., Emeryville, CA. For further information, contact the Investigational Drug Branch of the National Cancer Institute listed in the Resources section of this report. This disease entry is based upon medical information available through November 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current information about this disorder. Resources For more information on Chromosome 11/14 Translocation National Organization for Rare Disorders P.O. Box 8923 New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783 (203) 746-6518 American Cancer Society 1599 Clifton Rd., NE Atlanta, GA 30329 (404) 320-3333 Leukemia Society of America 733 Third Avenue New York, NY 10017 (212) 573-8484 NIH/National Cancer Institute 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 31, Rm. 1A2A Bethesda, MD 20892 1-800-4-CANCER The National Cancer Institute has developed PDQ (Physician Data Query), a computerized data base designed to give the public, cancer patients and families, and health professionals quick and easy access to many types of information vital to patients with leukemia and other types of cancer. To gain access to this service, call: Cancer Information Service (CIS) 1-800-4-CANCER In Washington, DC and suburbs in Maryland and Virginia, 636-5700 In Alaska, 1-800-638-6070 In Oahu, Hawaii, (808) 524-1234 (Neighbor islands call collect) For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals: March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue White Plains, NY 10605 (914) 428-7100 Alliance of Genetic Support Groups 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440 Chevy Chase, MD 20815 (800) 336-GENE (301) 652-5553 References CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th Ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H. Smith, Jr., Editors; W.B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 994-1003, 1795, 1797. INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown and Co., 1987. Pp. 1826-1829. MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 8th Ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986. Pp. 457-458, 704. THE CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATION (11;14)(p13;q11) ASSOCIATED WITH T-CELL ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; AN 11p13 BREAKPOINT CLUSTER REGION. G. Yoffe, et al.; Blood (July 1989; issue 74 (1)). Pp. 374-379. THE MECHANISM OF CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION t(11;14) INVOLVING THE T-CELL RECEPTOR C DELTA LOCUS ON HUMAN CHROMOSOME 14q11 AND A TRANSCRIBED REGION OF CHROMOSOME 11p15. T. Boehm, et al.; Embo J (February 1988; issue 7 (2)). Pp. 385-394. TRANSLOCATION BREAKPOINT IN t(11;14) IN B-CELL LEUKEMIA IS NOT AT THE RARE FRAGILE SITE AT 11q13.3. A. H. Puspurs, et al.; Cancer Genet Cytogenet (March 1988; issue 31 (1)). Pp. 25-30.