$Unique_ID{BRK02415}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Can You Be Altered Genetically After Birth?}
$Subject{born inherited makeup genes genetic chromosomes viruses nuclei
retroviruses vector altered special procedure procedures treatment treatments
inherit inheritance gene chromosome virus viral alter chromosomal retrovirus
birth}
$Volume{P-27,R-27}
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Copyright (c) 1992,1993   Tribune Media Services, Inc.


Can You Be Altered Genetically After Birth?


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QUESTION:  Can you help resolve a discussion between two friends?  I am of the
opinion that once you are born, your inherited makeup cannot be changed.  My
good friend says that there are new techniques that allow scientists to alter
genes and change the makeup of a human being.  It just doesn't seem possible,
but we agreed to put the question to you.  We hope you will answer it and
settle our differences (on this question!).

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ANSWER:  It isn't too many years ago that your position would have been
considered totally correct and unchangeable.  But the progress in genetic
research has been truly incredible, and now there are techniques that permit
scientists to change the genetic makeup of living individuals.  And there is a
great deal of discussion and controversy as to the ethics of such procedures.
     Genes are the complex chemicals in the chromosomes that carry the
information that shapes the structures and functioning of all living material.
In some cases the information is faulty, and transmits an "inherited" disease
state.  It would seem almost impossible to introduce the "correct" information
into a living cell, if it weren't for the discovery of certain viruses that
can enter human cells, and change the genetic information in the nuclei.
Called "retroviruses," they provided a pathway or "vector" for changing the
incorrect or faulty information.
     First, any harmful effects of the virus are removed by replacing its
genes, transforming it into a harmless carrier.  In research that is currently
being carried on, white blood cells are removed from a patient, treated with
retroviruses that contain the normal genetic information, and then
reintroduced into the body.  It is hoped that these cells will then repair the
genetic defect.
     We are still a very long way from using this in every day medicine, but
the fact is that we now have a method by which genes can be altered, and so I
guess your friend wins this discussion.

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The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
the counsel and advice of your personal physician.  Promptly consulting your
doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
problem.