$Unique_ID{BRK01445}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Why Were Two Kinds of X-rays Used to Diagnose a Torn Cartilage?}
$Subject{knee mri test special procedures procedure laboratory lab tests
x-rays cartilage torn x-rayed magnets magnetic resonance imaging forces
picture hydrogen atoms water ligaments tendons fibrocartilage bone
arthroscopic x-ray x ray atom ligament tendon bones}
$Volume{P-17}
$Log{
Arthroscopy:  Knee I*0001801.scf
Arthroscopy:  Knee II*0001802.scf
Muscles and Tendons of the Knee*0006201.scf
Anatomy of the Knee Ligaments*0015501.scf}

Copyright (c) 1991-92,1993   Tribune Media Services, Inc.


Why Were Two Kinds of X-rays Used to Diagnose a Torn Cartilage?


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QUESTION:  A serious fall left me with a badly swollen knee that was diagnosed
as torn cartilage.  I first was X-rayed at my own doctor's office but was then
referred to a center for a special MRI procedure.  You should have seen the
bill.  It all ended up with surgery anyway, so why was I put to the expense of
two kinds of X-rays, when the doctor knew from the beginning just what the
problem was?  Perhaps you can explain this one.

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ANSWER:  The answer is a bit more complicated than you would imagine at first
but I can assure you that the process of diagnosis in your case was "by the
book".
     To start with an MRI is not another type of x-ray, but a process that
uses high power magnets to generate a response in the atoms particularly
hydrogen) that are part of the structure of the tissue.  MRI stands for
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging".  Certain atoms send back signals when exposed to
magnetic forces that can be detected and used to construct a picture of the
area.  Since hydrogen atoms are part of every molecule of water, the soft
tissues, that contain much water, are best seen.  In a knee, they are found in
the ligaments, tendons, and fibrocartilage.  However, bone is poorly
visualized, and so high quality x-ray films still remain the primary tool of
diagnosis in joint injury.  With both types of images available, a surgeon has
a pretty good idea of the damage that has occurred and can plan the surgery
accordingly.
     Although arthroscopic surgery is now well advanced, and can provide a
direct look at the damage, it is considered both wise and necessary to take a
"look before you leap" approach that is afforded by the new high tech imaging
capabilities.  That permits planning the surgery as to the best approach, and
what techniques are most successful in repairing the damage.  This now allows
the patient to return home the same day of the operation and greatly reduces
the time of recovery.  The bills are indeed high, but the results now obtained
save precious time and greatly reduce pain, considerations of some importance
if you are the patient.

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The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
the counsel and advice of your personal physician.  Promptly consulting your
doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
problem.