Logical Functions

Logical functions use TRUE and FALSE values.

Logical Values

FALSE (): Returns the logical value FALSE.

TRUE (): Returns the logical value TRUE.

 

AND and OR Functions

AND (logical_list): Returns TRUE if all arguments in list are true; returns FALSE if at least one argument in the list is false. The arguments can be a logical value (e.g., TRUE) or expression (e.g., 1+2=3).

OR (logical_list): Returns TRUE if at least one of a series of logical arguments is true. The arguments can be a logical value or expression.

Examples:

 

A

B

C

D

1

TRUE

TRUE

FALSE

0

2

TRUE

FALSE

TRUE

2

 

Formula

Result

=AND(A1:A2)

TRUE

=AND(A1:C1)

FALSE

=AND(A1:D1)

#VALUE!  (cell D1 does not contain a logical value or expression)

=AND(1>2, 1>0)

FALSE

=AND(D1=0, D2=0)

FALSE

=OR(A1:A2)

TRUE

=OR(A1:C1)

TRUE

=OR(B2, C1)

FALSE

=OR(D1=0, D2=0)

TRUE

 

NOT Function

NOT (logical): Returns a logical value that is the opposite of the specified logical value or expression.

Examples:

Formula

Result

=NOT(TRUE)

FALSE

=NOT(FALSE)

TRUE

=NOT(10>5)

FALSE

=NOT(3*3=10)

TRUE

 

IF Function

IF (test, true_value, false_value): Returns true_value if test is TRUE (or nonzero), or false_value if test is FALSE (or zero). If test is FALSE (or zero), but the false_value is omitted, then FALSE will be returned. Note that test can be a numerical value, or a logical expression (e.g., C5=3). Note also that true_value and false_value can be numerical values (e.g., 10), text strings (e.g., "Yes"), logical values (e.g., TRUE), cell references (e.g., A1), or formulas (e.g., SUM(A1:C5) ).

Examples:

 

A

1

76

2

43

3

87

4

 

 

Formula

Result

=IF(A1>=50, "Pass", "Fail")

Pass

=IF(A2>=50, "Pass", "Fail")

Fail

=IF(A2>=50, "Pass")

FALSE

=IF(TRUE, "Yes", "No")

Yes

=IF(A1, DOLLAR(A1))

$ 76.00

=IF(A4, DOLLAR(A4))

FALSE