Index

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A

Above, 430, 432, 478

Activities. See Enrichment, Game Zone, Hands On Activities, Problem Solving, Reaching All Learners, Unit Project.

Add, 69, 70, 71–72, 71A, 303A, 513A

Addend, 76, 175, 176, 179–180, 179A, 181–182, 186, 293, 294, 297–298, 297A, 458 missing, 76, 181–182, 181A, 186, 204, 458

Addition checking subtraction with, 123–124, 123A count on ones for, 515–516, 515A count on tens for, 517–518, 517A doubles facts, 179–180, 179A facts, 58, 74, 84, 85–86, 87–88, 89–90, 179–180, 179A, 238, 282, 295–296, 295A, 297–298, 297A, 299, 300, 328A, 495–496, 495A for decision making, 135–136 making a 10 for, 493–494, 493A of minutes, 518 of tens, 513–514, 513A of 2-digit numbers, 513–514, 515–516, 517–518, 536 of zero, 87–88, 87A patterns, 503–504, 503A relating to subtraction, 177–178, 177A, 319–320, 495–496, 495A sentences, 49, 50, 53–54, 53A, 72, 83, 84, 91A, 106, 112, 126, 149A, 186, 306, 458 strategies, 112, 143–144, 145–146, 147–148, 149–150, 299–300, 301–302, 303–304 to check subtraction, 123–124, 123A to subtract, 497–498, 497A using a calculator for, 98 ways to make 4, 5, and 6, 71–72, 71A ways to make 7, 8, and 9, 73–74, 73A ways to make 10, 75–76, 75A with calendar dates, 530A with pennies, 90

Advanced Learners. See each chapter. 

After, 37–38, 37A, 120, 146, 170, 239–240, 239A, 331–332, 331A, 358

Afternoon, 331–332, 331A, 456

Algebra adding three numbers, 301–302, 301A adding three numbers in any order, 303–304, 303A addition and subtraction patterns, 503–504, 503A addition sentences, 53–54, 53A choosing the operation, 323–324, 323A describing patterns, 439–440, 439A finding a pattern, 357–358, 357A making a pattern, 247–248, 247A missing addend, 181–182, 181A missing numbers, 109–110, 109A, 126, 272, 318 missing symbols, 108 patterns, 34, 38, 120, 186, 198, 227–228, 227A, 316 relating addition and subtraction, 319–320, 319A, 495–496, 495A skip counting, 241–242, 241A, 243–244, 243A subtraction sentences, 55–56, 55A using addition to check subtraction, 123–124, 123A using addition to subtract, 497–498, 497A write a number sentence, 169–170, 169A

Algebraic Thinking (Spiral Review), 8, 22, 52, 76, 106, 112, 126, 160, 182, 186, 204, 222, 244, 282, 298, 306, 314, 318, 322, 342, 416, 436, 458, 520 patterns, 20, 224, 230, 238, 300, 334, 336, 372, 392

Alike, 18, 200, 400, 492

All, 52, 57A, 121–122, 121A, 151A, 160

Assessment, 1B, 69B, 141B, 217B, 293B, 369B, 451B. See also each lesson.  intervention and, 1B, 69B, 141B, 217B, 293B, 369B, 451B. See also each lesson.  performance, 67, 139, 215, 291, 367, 449, 535 portfolio, 65, 137, 213, 289, 365, 447, 533 review/test, 13, 27, 47, 61, 81, 99, 115, 133, 155, 173, 191, 209, 233, 251, 267, 285, 309, 327, 347, 361, 385, 405, 425, 443, 469, 487, 509, 529

Attributes, 3–4, 260, 409–410, 436

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B

Balance scale, 110, 398, 498

Bar graphs, 193, 194, 220, 228, 276, 306, 374, 382, 412 making, 197–198, 197A reading, 195–196, 195A using, 199–200, 199A

Before, 37–38, 37A, 120, 146, 170, 174A, 239–240, 239A, 331–332, 331A, 358

Behind, 429–430, 429A, 478

Below, 430, 432, 478

Beside, 429–430, 429A

Between, 37–38, 37A, 120, 146, 170, 239–240, 239A, 358

Books to Read, 2, 16, 30, 50, 70, 84, 102, 118, 142, 158, 176, 194, 218, 236, 254, 270, 294, 312, 330, 350, 370, 388, 408, 428, 452, 472, 490, 512

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C

Calculators, 26, 98, 172, 250, 360, 404, 528

Calendar, 178, 182, 222, 240, 258, 351–352, 351A, 355–356, 355A, 358, 364, 376, 380, 396, 414, 432, 440, 516, 526

Calendar Time, 14A, 28A, 48A, 62A, 82A, 100A, 116A, 134A, 156A, 174A, 192A, 210A, 234A, 252A, 268A, 286A, 310A, 328A, 348A, 362A, 386A, 406A, 426A, 444A, 470A, 488A, 510A, 530A

Capacity, 387, 391–392, 391A, 395–396, 395A, 400

Cause and effect, 111–112, 111A

Cent (¢), 255–256, 255A, 268A, 286A

Center Activities, 1G–1H, 69G–69H, 141G–141H, 217G–217H, 293G–293H, 369G–369H, 451G–451H

Centimeter, 369, 370, 379–380, 379A

Certain, 481–482, 481A, 483A

Charts hundreds, 227–228, 227A, 243–244, 243A, 248, 334, 380, 504, 515–516, 517–518, 519–520, 521–522 interpreting, 182 price, 524 tally, 5–6, 24, 36, 54, 104, 194, 197–198, 260, 262, 276, 374, 382, 410, 514

Check, 123–124, 123A. See also Guess and check.

Choose the operation, 323–324, 323A

Circles, 408, 411–412, 411A, 422

Classify, 3–5

Clocks, 18, 122, 196, 242, 320, 333–334, 351, 352, 380, 430 analog, 196, 242 and calendar time, 380 digital, 122 reading, 333–334 second hand on, 320 tick marks on, 352 to measure time, 351

Closed shapes, 430, 431–432, 431A, 438

Clue, 205A

Coins, 6, 20, 54, 56, 88, 90, 96, 106, 144, 162, 164, 170, 186, 198, 224, 230, 253, 254, 255–256, 255A, 257–258, 257A, 259–260, 259A, 269, 270, 273–274, 273A, 274A, 275–276, 275A, 277–278, 286A, 292, 298, 318, 332, 344, 372, 376, 378, 432, 454, 498, 500, 506, 514, 524, 526

Compare and contrast, 9–10, 9A, 229–230, 229A, 421–422, 421A

Comparing, 9A data, 304, 476, 528 fractions, 473–474, 473A geometric shapes, 148 geometric solids, 356 greater than and less than, 35–36 groups, 33–34, 52, 76, 86, 164, 168, 186 lengths, 278 numbers, 33–34, 33A, 104, 237–238 sentences, 104 unit fractions, 475–476, 475A volume, 450 weights, 110, 152

Computers, 60, 132, 208, 284, 326, 442, 486

Cones, 408, 409–410, 409A

Corners, 415–416, 415A

Count back, 52, 157, 158, 159–160, 159A, 161–162, 161A, 163–164, 163A, 167–168, 511, 512, 519–520, 519A, 521–522, 521A, 526

Count on, 52, 141, 142, 143–144, 143A, 145–146, 145A, 156A, 167–168, 167A, 511, 512, 515–516, 515A, 517–518, 517A, 526

Counting by fives, 220, 241–242, 243–244, 259–260, 380 by ones, 8, 34 by tens, 219–220, 219A by twos, 8 measuring time for, 480 money, 261–262, 261A numbers to 10, 17–18, 17A numbers to 31, 31–32, 31A predicting time for, 272 skip, 241–242, 241A, 243–244, 243A tens and ones, 31–32 with coins, 498, 506 with tally charts, 5–6, 5A

Critical Thinking. See Problem Solving: Critical Thinking.

Cross-curricular activities, (Art, Health, Language Arts, Music, Reading, Science, Social Studies),

1G–1H, 69G–69H, 141G–141H, 217G–217H, 293G–293H, 369G–369H, 451G–451H

Cubes, 408, 409–410, 409A

Cups, 387, 391–392, 391A

Curves, 415–416, 415A

Customary units, 369, 370, 373–374, 373A, 375–376, 375A, 387, 391–392, 391A, 393–394, 393A, 398, 464, 504, 522

Cylinders, 408, 409–410, 409A

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D

Data. See also Graphs, Use Data. analyzing, 220 comparing, 304, 476, 528 interpreting, 220 mode of, 203–204 on line plots, 216 on tally charts, 5–6, 5A organizing, 96 picture graphs, 7–8 range of, 203–204 sorting with Venn diagrams, 3–4 tally charts, 36 using to predict, 68

Data Analysis and Probability (Spiral Review), 6, 24, 36, 38, 44, 54, 58, 76, 86, 88, 104, 150, 164, 168, 182, 198, 206, 220, 228, 260, 262, 276, 304, 306, 332, 338, 356, 374, 382, 396, 402, 410, 412, 438, 476, 484, 514

Dates, 156A, 182, 222, 238, 240, 256, 342, 376, 410, 432, 440, 516, 526

Days, 4, 100A, 116A, 192A, 356, 358, 386A, 440, 510A doubles facts with, 192A grouping, by ten, 510A measuring in calendar blocks, 386A of the month, 358 of the week, 28A, 62A, 82A, 178, 258, 276, 351–352, 351A, 358, 410, 432, 440 school days, 116A weekend, 100A, 440

Decision Making. See Problem Solving: Decision Making.

Decrease, 159–160

Degrees, 387, 388, 399–400, 399A, 402

Desert, 63

Diagrams. See Venn diagrams.

Difference, 101, 102, 103–104, 103A, 118, 119–120, 119A, 129A, 163–164, 313A, 438, 523–524 estimating, 163–164, 523–524 range as, 438

Different, 10, 148, 200, 400, 492

Differentiated Instruction, 1D, 1L, 15D, 29D, 49D, 69D, 69L, 83D, 101D, 117D, 141D, 141L 157D, 175D, 193D, 217D, 217L, 235D, 253D, 269D, 293D, 293L, 311D, 329D, 349D, 369D, 369L, 387D, 407D, 427D, 451D, 451L, 471D, 489D, 511D

Differentiated Practice. See each lesson. 

Digits 1-digit numbers, 320 2-digit numbers, 320, 513–514, 515–516, 517–518, 519–520, 521–522, 523–524, 536

Dimes, 164, 186, 224, 230, 253, 254, 257–258, 257A, 259–260, 259A

Dollars, 269, 270, 275–276, 275A

Doubles, 175, 176, 179–180, 179A, 293, 294, 297–298, 297A, 300, 315–316 facts, 179–180, 192A, 204, 246, 297–298, 300, 336, 492 plus 1, 293, 294, 299–300, 299A

Doubling, 310A

Down, 430

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E

Early Finishers. See each chapter. 

Edges, 409–410, 409A

E-Journal, 12, 46, 67, 80, 114, 139, 154, 190, 215, 232, 266, 291, 308, 346, 367, 384, 424, 449, 468, 508, 535

Elapsed time, 368

Enrichment, 68, 140, 216, 292, 368, 450, 536

Equal amounts, 271–272, 271A

Equal parts, 248, 452, 453–454, 453A, 455–456, 457–458, 457A

Equal to. See Is equal to.

Equally likely, 471, 472, 477–478, 477A

Equals (=), 50, 53–54, 53A, 55–56, 55A, 82A, 84, 87A. See also Is equal to.

ESL, 1C, 69C, 141C, 217C, 293C, 369C, 451C. See also Language Support.

Estimate, 523–524, 523A. See also Estimating.

Estimating, 124, 218, 316, 378, 379–380, 390, 392, 395, 422, 454, 494 centimeters, 379–380 differences, 163–164, 523–524 how much, 392, 395 inches, 373–374 length, 371–372, 454 numbers, 225–226, 225A problem solving, 8, 352, 374, 378, 390, 504, 524 sums, 147–148, 494, 523–524 time, 344, 351–352, 474 volume, 464, 478 weight, 393–394, 398

Even numbers, 8, 236, 245–246, 245A, 248, 336

Evening, 331–332, 331A

Events, 77–78, 77A, 146, 305–306, 460 order of, 460 sequence of, 77–78, 77A, 146, 305–306

Extra Practice. See each chapter. 

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F

Face, 246, 264, 409–410, 409A, 436

Fact families, 118, 125–126, 125A, 176, 178, 183–184, 183A, 196, 311, 312, 321–322, 321A, 326, 334, 352, 489, 490, 499–500, 499A. See also Related facts. number sentences in, 352 related to shapes, 500 to 12, 183–184 using a computer for, 326

Facts. See also Related facts. addition, 58, 74, 84, 85–86, 87–88, 89–90, 167–168, 179–180, 200, 238, 282, 295–296, 295A, 297–298, 299–300, 328A, 495–496 doubles, 179–180, 192A, 204, 246, 297–298, 300, 336, 492 number, 282, 314, 328A. See also Related facts. subtraction, 58, 119–120, 121–122, 123–124, 125–126, 165–166, 167–168, 187A, 200, 238, 246, 282, 313–314, 313A, 317–318, 495–496

Fahrenheit (°F), 402

Far, 430, 432

Fewer, 22, 33–34, 33A, 38, 52, 134A, 150, 168, 410

Figures, 3-dimensional, 407, 408, 409–410, 409A, 411–412, 411A

Fives counting by, 220, 241–242, 243–244, 259–260, 380, 522

Flips, 427, 428, 435–436, 435A. See also Reflections.

Foldables, 2A, 13, 16A, 27, 30A, 47, 50A, 61, 65, 70A, 81, 84A, 99, 102A, 115, 118A, 133, 137, 142A, 155, 158A, 173, 176A, 191, 194A, 209, 213, 218A, 233, 236A, 251, 254A, 267, 270A, 285, 289, 294A, 309, 312A, 327, 330A, 347, 350A, 361, 365, 370A, 385, 388A, 405, 408A, 425, 428A, 443, 447, 452A, 469, 472A, 487, 490A, 509, 512A, 529, 533

Foot, 369, 370, 375–376, 375A

Force, 211–212

Fourths, 455–456, 465A, 470A

Fractions, 452, 453–454, 455–456, 455A, 457–458, 459–460, 459A, 463–464, 463A, 473–474, 473A, 475–476, 475A, 486 comparing, 473–474, 473A equal to 1, 459–460, 459A greater, 473A of a group, 463–464, 463A unit, 455–456, 475–476, 475A using a computer to model, 486

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G

Game Zone, 25, 59, 97, 131, 171, 207, 249, 283, 325, 359, 403, 441, 485, 527

Geometric figures (geometric shapes) circles, 408, 411–412, 411A, 422 comparing, 148 cones, 408, 409–410, 409A cylinders, 408, 409–410, 409A hexagons, 413–414, 413A identifying by description, 466 making, 494 matching, 72 parallelograms, 413A, 414 plane, 180 pyramids, 408, 409–410, 409A rectangles, 408, 411–412, 411A, 417A, 422 rectangular prisms, 408, 409–410, 409A solid, 124, 260, 356, 466, 482 sorting, 412 squares, 408, 411–412, 411A, 417A, 422 trapezoids, 413–414, 413A triangles, 408, 411–412, 411A, 413–414, 417A, 422, 426A

Geometry and Spatial Sense (Spiral Review), 10, 18, 56, 72, 108, 124, 148, 152, 180, 188, 200, 246, 260, 264, 302, 356, 410, 434, 436, 438, 466, 476, 478, 494, 500, 506 patterns, 144, 160, 258, 304, 412, 482

Grams, 387, 397–398, 397A

Graphs bar, 193, 194, 195–196, 195A, 197–198, 197A, 199–200, 199A, 220, 228, 276, 306, 374, 382, 412 comparing data on, 476 making, 205–206, 205A, 214 of months, 210A picture, 7–8, 7A symbolic, 23A using a computer to make, 208 weather, 198

Greater fraction, 473A

Greater number, counting on from, 145–146, 147–148

Greater than. See Is greater than.

Greatest, 203, 262, 414

Greatest value, 261A

Grids, 314, 336

Grouping, 71–72, 73–74, 219–220, 484, 510A. See also Regroup. by tens, 219–220, 510A for addition, 71–72 to make 7, 8, and 9, 73–74

Groups, 33–34, 52, 76, 86, 164, 168, 186, 248, 463–464, 463A, 484 comparing, 33–34, 52, 76, 86, 164, 168, 484 equal, 248 fractions of, 463–464, 463A of coins, 186

Guess and check, 525–526, 525A, 534

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H

Habitat, 63

Half-dollar, 292

Half hours, 330, 337–338, 337A, 339–340, 339A, 344, 430, 456

Half past, 329, 337–338, 337A

Halves, 455–456, 465A, 470A

Hands On Activities, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8, 21–22, 33–34, 35–36, 51–52, 71–72, 73–74, 75–76, 89–90, 103–104, 105–106, 107–108, 125–126, 149–150, 165–166, 177–178, 203–204, 221–222, 223–224, 237–238, 245–246, 255–256, 257–258, 259–260, 261–262, 271–272, 273–274, 275–276, 299–300, 333–334, 335–336, 337–338, 371–372, 373–374, 377–378, 379–380, 389–390, 391–392, 393–394, 395–396, 409–410, 411–412, 413–414, 433–434, 435–436, 453–454, 459–460, 475–476, 479–480, 481–482, 491–492, 493–494, 513–514

Heavier, 110, 152, 388, 389–390, 389A

Heaviest, 398

Hexagons, 413–414, 413A

Home Activities, 2, 16, 30, 50, 70, 84, 102, 118, 142, 158, 176, 194, 218, 236, 254, 270, 294, 312, 330, 350, 370, 388, 408, 428, 452, 472, 490, 512

Hour hand, 329, 333–334, 333A, 335–336

Hours, 74, 330, 335–336, 339–340, 339A, 430, 456, 492

How many in all?, 17, 31, 43A, 52, 151A

How much money, 281A

Hundred charts, 334, 336, 380, 504 finding your age on, 518 for addition, 515–516, 517–518 for subtraction, 519–520, 521–522 patterns on, 227–228 skip counting on, 243–244 tens on, 248

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I

Impossible, 471, 472, 481–482, 481A, 483A

In all, 51–52, 57A, 151A

In front of, 429–430, 429A, 478

In the middle of, 432

Inches, 369, 370, 373–374, 373A, 375–376, 375A, 464, 504, 522

Inclusion. See each chapter. 

Inequalities. See Is greater than, Is less than.

Inferences, making, 343–344

Internet resources, 1F, 2, 14, 16, 28, 30, 40, 48, 50, 62, 69F, 70, 82, 84, 94, 100, 102, 116, 118, 128, 134, 141F, 142, 156, 158, 174, 176, 192, 194, 202, 210, 217F, 218, 234, 236, 252, 254, 268, 270, 280, 286, 293F, 294, 310, 312, 328, 330, 348, 350, 354, 362, 369F, 370, 386, 388, 406, 408, 420, 426, 428, 444, 451F, 452, 462, 470, 472, 488, 490, 502, 510, 512, 530

Intervention, 1B, 69B, 141B, 217B, 293B, 369B, 451B. See also each lesson. 

Inverse relationship, 123–124. See also Relating addition and subtraction.

Is equal to (=), 235, 236, 237–238, 237A, 274, 316, 340

Is greater than (>), 29, 30, 35–36, 35A, 36A, 48A, 235, 236, 237–238, 237A, 466, 475, 494

Is less than (<), 29, 30, 35–36, 35A, 36A, 48A, 124, 235, 236, 237–238, 237A, 274, 316, 494

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K

Kilograms, 387, 397–398, 397A

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L

Language Support, 4A, 10A, 18A, 22A, 34A, 36A, 42A, 54A, 56A, 74A, 78A, 86A, 90A, 96A, 104A, 108A, 112A, 122A, 124A, 126A, 144A, 150A, 152A, 162A, 166A, 170A, 178A, 186A, 188A, 198A, 206A, 220A, 226A, 230A, 238A, 242A, 246A, 256A, 260A, 264A, 274A, 278A, 282A, 298A, 302A, 306A, 316A, 320A, 334A, 338A, 342A, 344A, 352A, 356A, 372A, 380A, 390A, 394A, 398A, 402A, 410A, 414A, 418A, 422A, 430A, 436A, 440A, 454A, 460A, 466A, 474A, 482A, 492A, 494A, 498A, 506A, 514A, 522A, 526A

Larger, 278, 392, 475–476

Last, 77A, 146, 358

Least, 6, 122, 198, 203, 262, 414

Left of. See To the left of.

Left over, 51–52, 57A

Length, 78, 92, 166, 242, 278, 340, 369, 370, 371–372, 373–374, 373A, 375–376, 375A, 379–380, 379A, 454, 464, 504, 522 centimeter, 369, 370, 379–380, 379A comparing, 166, 278 estimating, 340, 454 foot, 369, 370, 375–376, 375A inch, 369, 370, 373–374, 373A, 375–376, 375A, 464, 504, 522 measuring, 340 nonstandard measures for, 166

Less likely, 471, 479–480, 479A

Less than. See Is less than.

Leveled Problem Solving. See Problem Solving: Leveled.

Library Corner, 2A, 16A, 30A, 50A, 70A, 84A, 102A, 118A, 142A, 158A, 176A, 194A, 218A, 236A, 254A, 270A, 294A, 312A, 330A, 350A, 370A, 388A, 408A, 428A, 452A, 472A, 490A, 512A

Light, 397

Lighter, 152, 388, 389–390, 389A

Lightest, 398

Likely, 168, 471, 472, 477–478, 477A, 479–480, 479A

Line of symmetry, 437–438, 437A

Line plots, 216

Line Up. See each lesson. 

Linking Math and Science. See Problem Solving: Linking Math and Science.

Liters, 387, 395–396, 395A, 400

Logical reasoning, 401–402

Long, 166, 371. See also Length.

Longer, 92, 242, 278, 392, 454

Longest, 78, 371–372, 371A

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M

Make a Book, 62C, 134C, 210C, 286C, 362C, 444C, 530C

Make It Right, 76, 148, 164, 224, 240, 242, 274, 380, 400, 464, 520

Make a ten, 493A

Matching, 18, 56, 72, 180, 246, 409

Math Activities. See each lesson. 

Math at Home, 2, 16, 30, 50, 70, 84, 102, 118, 142, 158, 176, 194, 218, 236, 254, 270, 294, 312, 330, 350, 370, 388, 408, 428, 452, 472, 490, 512. See also each lesson. 

Math Background, 1K, 15C, 29C, 49C, 69K, 83C, 101C, 117C, 141K, 157C, 175C, 193C, 217K, 235C, 253C, 269C, 293K, 311C, 329C, 349C, 369K, 387C, 407C, 427C, 451K, 471C, 489C, 511C

Math Stories: Lapbooks Five Friends , 286B–286C In My Garden , 530B–530C It's Sale Time! , 134B–134C My Surprise! , 444B–444C School Fun! , 210B–210C The Barnyard Dance , 62B–62C The Tick Tock Game , 362B–362C

Math Tool Chest , 1F, 60, 69F, 132, 141F, 208, 217F, 284, 293F, 326, 369F, 442, 451F, 486

Math Traveler , 1F, 39, 40, 69F, 93, 94, 127, 128, 141F, 201, 202, 217F, 279, 280, 293F, 353, 354, 369F, 419, 420, 451F, 461, 462, 501, 502

Math Words. See Vocabulary.

Measurement capacity, 390, 391–392, 391A, 395–396, 395A, 400 customary, 369, 370, 373–374, 373A, 375–376, 375A, 387, 391–392, 391A, 393–394, 393A, 398, 464, 504, 522 length, 371–372, 371A mass, 397–398, 397A metric, 369, 370, 379–380, 379A, 387, 395–396, 395A, 397–398, 397A, 400 temperature, 388, 399–400, 399A, 402, 404, 406A, 531–532 weight, 389–390, 389A, 393–394, 393A with nonstandard units, 120, 166, 324, 371–372, 371A, 389–390, 389A

Measurement (Spiral Review), 4, 10, 34, 78, 92, 110, 120, 152, 228, 242, 278, 316, 340, 390 of money, 162 of time, 4, 32, 74, 90, 122, 130, 146, 178, 180, 196, 240, 242, 256, 272, 320, 338, 344, 352, 358, 376, 380, 392, 414, 418, 430, 432, 434, 440, 456, 460, 474, 480, 492, 516, 518, 524, 526

Measuring tool, 401A

Mental math. See Problem Solving: Mental Math.

Middle, 432

Minus (-), 50, 55–56, 55A

Minute hand, 329, 333–334, 333A, 335–336

Minutes, 330, 339–340, 339A, 360, 474, 492, 518 adding, 518 skip counting, 360

Missing addend, 76, 181–182, 181A, 186, 204, 458 number sentences, 112 numbers, 78, 109–110, 109A, 126, 140, 182, 272, 318, 398, 436, 482 symbols, 108

Mode, 203–204, 203A, 438

Modeling, 42, 58, 74, 88, 106, 132, 160, 166, 204, 284, 378, 400, 486, 520 adding zero, 88 addition facts, 58, 74, 88 addition sentences, 106 doubles facts, 204 fractions, 486 money, 284 numbers, 42, 166, 520 place-value, 378 subtraction facts, 58 subtraction sentences, 160 using counters, 132, 166, 400

Money, 6, 54, 56, 88, 90, 96, 144, 148, 162, 164, 170, 186, 198, 224, 226, 230, 258, 264, 272, 276, 282, 296, 298, 300, 332, 344, 372, 382, 416, 432, 454, 456, 460, 484, 496, 500, 506, 514, 524, 526 amounts of, 277–278, 277A combinations to 25 cents, 286A counting, 261–262, 261A dimes, 257–258, 257A, 259–260, 259A dollars, 275–276, 275A enough, 277–278, 277A equal amounts, 271–272, 271A half-dollar, 292 modeling, 284 nickels, 255–256, 255A, 259–260, 259A pennies, 255–256, 255A, 257–258, 257A, 259–260, 259A quarters, 273–274, 273A using to make decisions, 287–288

Months, 178, 182, 210A, 252A, 256, 350, 351–352, 351A, 355, 356, 358, 414

Moon, 363–364

More, 33, 33A, 38, 134A, 229A

More likely, 168, 471, 479–480, 479A

More than, 4, 8, 22, 33–34, 38, 52, 124, 150, 168, 228, 248, 274, 316, 410, 457A, 516

More than 1 equal part, 457A

Morning, 331–332, 331A

Most, 6, 122, 198

Multi-Age Class, 1L, 15D, 29D, 49D, 69L, 83D, 101D, 117D, 141L, 157D, 175D, 193D, 217L, 235D, 253D, 269D, 293L, 311D, 329D, 349D, 369L, 387D, 407D, 427D, 451L, 471D, 489D, 511D

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N

NCTM Standards, 1E, 1I, 15A, 29A, 49A, 69E, 69I, 83A, 101A, 117A, 141E, 141I, 157A, 175A, 193A, 217E, 217I, 235A, 253A, 269A, 293E, 293I, 311A, 329A, 349A, 369E, 369I, 387A, 407A, 427A, 451E, 451I, 471A, 489A, 511A

Near, 430

Next, 77A, 120, 146, 166, 224, 305A

Next to, 430, 478

Nickels, 6, 164, 186, 198, 230, 253, 254, 255–256, 255A, 259–260, 269–270

Night, 4

None, 19

Nonstandard units, 120, 166, 324

Number facts. See also Related facts. addition, 58, 74, 84, 85–86, 87–88, 89–90, 167, 179–180, 200, 238, 282, 295–296, 295A, 297–298, 299–300, 328A, 495–496 subtraction, 58, 119–120, 121–122, 123–124, 125–126, 165–166, 167–168, 187A, 200, 238, 246, 282, 313–314, 313A, 317–318, 495–496

Number lines, 30, 37–38, 37A, 120, 126, 141, 142, 143–144, 143A, 145–146, 157, 158, 159–160, 184, 239, 278, 458 building, 120 for missing addends, 458 placing numbers on, 126 segments of, 278 using number sentences with, 184

Number patterns, 38, 221–222, 223–224, 227–228, 227A, 241–242, 243–244, 245–246, 430, 480, 491–492, 491A even and odd numbers, 245–246 extending, 480 for numbers through 100, 223–224 on the hundred chart, 227–228, 227A regrouping, 221–222 skip counting, 241–242, 243–244

Number relationships, 31–32, 33–34, 35–36, 37–38, 41–42, 237–238, 239–240. See also Number patterns.

Number Sense (Spiral Review), 8, 32, 34, 36, 44, 52, 58, 72, 74, 78, 86, 104, 106, 110, 112, 120, 124, 126, 146, 150, 168, 170, 178, 184, 188, 196, 200, 204, 206, 220, 222, 238, 240, 244, 246, 248, 262, 274, 278, 296, 302, 314, 316, 318, 320, 324, 334, 336, 340, 342, 352, 374, 376, 378, 380, 390, 394, 398, 400, 402, 414, 422, 440, 458, 464, 466, 474, 478, 482, 492, 494, 504, 516, 518, 520 money, 6, 54, 56, 88, 90, 96, 144, 148, 164, 170, 186, 198, 224, 226, 230, 258, 264, 272, 276, 282, 296, 298, 300, 332, 344, 372, 382, 416, 432, 454, 456, 460, 484, 496, 500, 506, 514, 524, 526 patterns, 24, 42, 92, 108, 122, 130, 162, 166, 248, 256, 274, 322, 358, 396, 418, 422, 430, 480, 498, 522 time, 18, 226

Number sentences addition, 49, 50, 53–54, 53A, 72, 83, 84, 91A, 106, 112, 126, 149A, 186, 306, 322, 458 comparing measurements, 522 in fact families, 352 matching to addition and subtraction facts, 238 missing, 112 missing addends in, 204 number stories for, 390 relating addition and subtraction, 126 subtraction, 49, 50, 55–56, 55A, 58, 106, 108, 126, 160, 322, 496 using number lines with, 184 writing, 169–170, 169A, 324

Numbers between 11 and 20, 42 comparing, 33–34, 35–36 estimating, 225–226 even, 8, 236, 245–246, 245A, 248, 336 in fact families, 125–126, 500 in order, 86 in sequence, 39 missing, 78, 109–110, 126, 140, 182, 272, 318, 398, 436, 482 modeling, 42, 166, 520 naming, 185–186, 206, 402 odd, 236, 245–246, 245A, 380 1-digit, 320 ordering, 37–38, 68 ordinal, 30, 41–42, 41A, 44, 110, 458 skip counting, 380 through 100, 223–224 to 10, 17–18 to 20, 21–22, 28A to 31, 31–32, 37–38 2-digit, 320, 513–514, 515–516, 517–518, 519–520, 521–522, 523–524, 536 zero, 19–20

Numerals, rewriting, 206

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O

Objects plane, 180, 246 solid, 124, 152, 180, 188, 246, 260, 264, 356, 436, 476, 482 3-dimensional, 407, 408, 409–410, 409A 2-dimensional, 407, 408, 411–412, 411A

O'clock, 330, 333–334, 333A

Odd numbers, 236, 245–246, 245A, 380

One fourth, 451, 455–456, 455A

One half, 451, 455–456, 455A

One hundred, 217, 219A

100th day, 362A

1 less, 227A

1 more, 227A

One third, 451, 455–456, 455A

One-to-one correspondence, 17–18

Ones, 15, 16, 21–22, 21A, 31–32, 34, 218, 221–222, 223A, 440, 515–516, 519–520 counting back to subtract, 519–520 counting by, 34 counting on to add, 515–516 in dates, 222 in numbers to 20, 21–22, 21A in numbers to 31, 31–32 regrouping, 221–222

Open shapes, 430, 431–432, 431A, 438

Operations, choosing, 323–324

Order for addition, 89–90 for numbers to 100, 239–240 for numbers to 31, 37–38, 37A, 68 from least to greatest, 414 of coins, 262 of events, 146, 460 of numbers, 86 ordinal numbers and, 41–42

Ordinal numbers, 30, 41–42, 41A, 44, 110, 458

Outcomes certain, 481–482 impossible, 481–482 possible, 477–478, 477A predicting, 381–382, 479–480, 481–482 probable, 481–482

Over, 429–430, 429A

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P

Parallelograms, 413A, 414

Parts, 196, 248, 452, 453–454, 453A, 457A, 459A, 463–464, 463A equal, 248, 452, 453–454, 453A, 457A fractional, 452 more than 1 equal, 457A of a group, 463–464, 463A unequal, 453–454, 453A

Pattern blocks, 108, 459–460, 476

Pattern units, 439–440, 439A

Patterns. See also Number patterns. addition, 503–504, 503A completing, 160 creating, 304, 322, 444A describing, 439–440 doubles and related facts, 316 extending, 34, 122, 130, 144, 186, 198, 224, 372, 392, 420 finding, 357–358, 357A making, 247–248, 247A modeling numbers, 42 of geometric figures, 412 on calendars, 418 predicting, 144, 224, 230, 274 skip counting, 241–242 subtraction, 120, 503–504 with numbers, 491A with 10, 491–492

Pennies, 6, 54, 56, 88, 90, 96, 106, 144, 164, 170, 186, 230, 253, 254, 255–256, 255A, 257–258, 259–260, 298

Performance Assessment, 67, 139, 215, 291, 367, 449, 535

Picture graphs, 7–8, 7A

Pints, 387, 391–392, 391A

Place value, 219–220, 223–224, 378, 466, 474 charts, 466, 474 models, 378, 466, 474 numbers through 100, 223–224 tens and ones, 219–220

Plane objects (plane shapes), 180, 246

Plus (+), 50, 53–54, 53A, 84, 87A

Portfolio, 67, 139, 215, 291, 367, 449, 535

Portfolio Assessment, 65, 137, 213, 289, 365, 447, 533

Position, 44, 211–212, 429–430, 429A, 442, 478 ordinal numbers, 44 using a computer for showing, 442

Possible outcome, 477–478, 477A

Pounds, 387, 393–394, 393A, 398

Predict, 68, 144, 224, 230, 272, 274, 381–382, 479–480, 479A, 481–482 outcomes, 381–382, 479–480, 481–482 patterns, 144, 224, 230, 274 time for counting money, 272 use data to, 68 value of coin groups, 272

Price, 170, 372, 382, 454, 460, 484 chart, 524

Prisms, rectangular, 408, 409–410, 409A

Probability, 477–478, 479–480, 481–482. See also Data Analysis and Probability. certain, probable, impossible, 481–482 equally likely, 477–478 likelihood, 477–478, 479–480 more likely and less likely, 479–480

Probable, 471, 481–482, 481A, 483A

Problem, 505A

Problem of the Day. See each lesson. 

Problem Solving Critical Thinking, 110, 144, 162, 222, 244, 256, 258, 302, 322, 342, 410, 460, 474, 498, 500 Decision Making, 135–136, 287–288, 445–446 Estimation, 8, 352, 374, 378, 390, 504, 524 Leveled, 11, 45, 79, 113, 153, 189, 231, 265, 307, 345, 383, 423, 467, 507 Linking Math and Science, 63–64, 211–212, 363–364, 531–532 Mental Math, 166, 220, 260, 394 Number Sense, 18, 20, 86, 88, 122, 146, 160, 180, 276, 298, 300, 304, 376, 492, 518, 522 Practice, 11, 45, 79, 113, 153, 189, 231, 265, 307, 345, 383, 423, 467, 507 Reading for Math, 9–10, 43–44, 77–78, 111–112, 151–152, 187–188, 229–230, 263–264, 305–306, 343–344, 381–382, 421–422, 465–466, 505–506 Reasoning, 204, 278, 340, 372, 412, 458, 476, 480, 494, 514 Strategies, 23–24, 57–58, 66, 95–96, 129–130,138, 169–170, 205–206, 214, 247–248, 281–282, 290, 323–324, 357–358, 366, 401–402, 439–440, 448, 483–484, 525–526, 534 Use Data, 6, 178, 200, 338, 396 Visual Thinking, 4, 226, 336, 416, 436, 438, 454, 456

Pyramids, 408, 409–410, 409A

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Q

Quart, 387, 391–392, 391A

Quarters, 269, 270, 273–274, 273A, 378

Quick Check. See each lesson. 

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R

Range, 203–204, 203A, 438

Reaching All Learners. See each lesson. 

Read Together, 1, 2A, 15, 29, 69, 70A, 83, 117, 141, 142A, 157, 193, 217, 218A, 235, 253, 293, 294A, 329, 349, 369, 370A, 387, 407, 427, 451, 452A, 471, 489

Reading for Math, 1D, 9–10, 9A, 43–44, 43A, 69D, 77–78, 77A, 111–112, 112A, 141D, 151–152, 187–188, 217D, 229–230, 229A, 263–264, 263A, 293D, 305–306, 305A, 343–344, 343A, 369D, 381–382, 381A, 421–422, 421A, 451D, 465–466, 465A, 505–506, 505A. See also Problem Solving: Reading for Math; Time for Kids .

Reasonable answers. See Problem Solving: Strategy lessons. 

Reasoning. See Problem Solving: Reasoning.

Rectangles, 408, 411–412, 411A, 417A, 422, 426A

Rectangular prisms, 408, 409–410, 409A

Reflections, 427, 428, 433–434, 433A, 435–436. See also Flips.

Regroup, 217, 221–222, 221A, 474

Related facts, 83, 84, 89–90, 89A, 157, 158, 165–166, 165A, 177–178, 177A, 179–180, 200, 246, 282, 311, 312, 315A, 317–318, 317A, 319–320, 319A, 340, 489, 490, 495–496, 495A, 497–498, 497A. See also Fact families.

Relating addition and subtraction, 126, 177–178, 179–180, 181–182, 183–184, 185–186, 319–320, 319A, 495–496, 495A

Review/Test, 13, 27, 47, 61, 81, 99, 115, 133, 155, 173, 191, 209, 233, 251, 267, 285, 309, 327, 347, 361, 385, 405, 425, 443, 469, 487, 509, 529. See also Spiral Review in each lesson. 

Right of. See To the right of.

Rotation. See Turns.

Rulers, 369, 370, 377A, 464, 498, 504, 522

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S

Same, 18, 38, 148, 417–418, 454

Scales, balance, 110, 398, 498

Schedule, 343A

Science words, 63, 211, 363, 531

Sentences, number. See Number sentences.

Sequence, 39, 41–42, 77–78, 77A, 146, 305–306

Set, 184

Shapes alike, 18, 200 attributes of, 436 building, 413–414, 413A closed, 430, 431–432, 431A, 438 comparing, 148 different, 10, 200 faces matching, 436 fact families related to, 500 geometric. See Geometric figures. matching, 56 naming, 108 of solid objects, 188 open, 430, 431–432, 431A, 438 plane, 180, 246 reflections of, 433–434, 433A same, 417–418, 417A sides of, 415–416 solid, 476 sorting by, 416 3-dimensional, 409–410, 409A, 411–412, 411A 2-dimensional, 407, 408, 411–412, 411A using a computer to show position of, 442 using to make decisions, 445–446 vertices, 415–416, 415A with symmetry, 437–438, 437A

Shorter, 92, 454

Shortest, 78, 371–372, 371A

Sides, 415–416, 415A

Sing Together, 49, 175, 311, 511

Size, 400, 402, 417–418 same, 417–418 sorting by, 400, 402

Skip counting by fives, 220, 522 by tens, 220, 522 by twos, 342, 380 on a calendar, 396 on a hundred chart, 243–244 patterns, 241–242, 241A through a month, 252A time, 360 use a calculator for, 250 with coins, 259–260

Slides, 427, 428, 435–436, 435A

Smaller, 392

Solid figures (solid objects), 124, 152, 180, 188, 246, 260, 264, 356, 436, 476, 482 attributes of, 260, 436 comparing, 356 faces of, 246, 264 matching shapes to, 180 objects shaped like, 188 patterns with, 482 sorting, 260, 476

Solution, 505A

Solve, 95A

Sorting by color, 36, 332 by shape, 416 by size, 400, 402 coins, 20, 260 geometric solids, 124, 260 graphing results of, 332 into groups, 484 solid figures, 476 with Venn diagrams, 3–4, 40

Spend, 281A

Spheres, 408, 409–410, 409A

Spiral Review, 14, 28, 48, 62, 82, 100, 116, 134, 156, 174, 192, 210, 234, 252, 268, 286, 310, 328, 348, 362, 386, 406, 426, 444, 470, 488, 510, 530. See also each lesson. 

Squares, 408, 411–412, 411A, 417A, 422

Standardized Test Correlations, 1E, 69E, 141E, 217E, 293E, 369E, 451E

Story problems, 76, 240 involving time, 240 with missing addends, 76

Subtract, 101, 102, 103–104, 103A, 105A, 513A all, 121A in different ways, 105A tens, 513A zero, 121A

Subtraction by ones, 34 checking addition with, 123–124, 123A counting back tens for, 521–522, 521A doubles for, 179–180, 179A facts, 58, 119–120, 119A, 121–122, 121A, 123–124, 123A, 125–126, 125A, 157, 158, 165–166, 165A, 167–168, 167A, 187A, 200, 238, 246, 282, 311, 312, 313–314, 313A, 317–318, 317A, 319–320, 319A, 495–496, 495A for decision making, 135–136 force, and, 211–212 from 4, 5, and 6, 103–104, 103A from 7, 8, and 9, 105–106, 105A from 10, 107–108, 107A of ones, count back for, 519–520, 519A of tens, 513–514, 513A of 2-digit numbers, 519–520, 519A, 521–522, 521A patterns for, 503–504, 503A position and, 211–212 relating addition to, 177–178, 177A, 319–320, 319A sentences, 49, 50, 55–56, 55A, 108, 126, 160, 179–180, 179A, 322, 496 stories, 496 strategies, 112, 159–160, 161–162, 163–164, 165–166, 315–316, 319–320, 321–322 to find missing numbers, 109–110, 109A using a calculator for, 172 using a computer for, 60 using a computer to model, 132 using addition to check, 497–498, 497A with calendar dates, 530A

Sum, 69, 70, 71–72, 71A, 73–74, 75–76, 75A, 83, 84, 85–86, 85A, 87–88, 87A, 89–90, 92, 147–148, 294, 295–296, 295A, 494, 523–524 adding across and down, 85–86, 85A order of addition, and, 89 ways to make 4, 5, and 6, 71–72, 71A ways to make 7, 8, and 9, 73–74, 73A ways to make ten, 75–76, 75A when adding zero, 87–88, 87A

Survey, 5–6, 5A, 7, 104, 382

Symbols, 22, 108

Symmetry, 437–438, 437A, 506 line of, 437–438, 437A

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T

Tables, 23–24, 23A, 38, 44 creating, 38, 44

Tally charts, 1, 2, 5–6, 5A, 24, 36, 54, 104, 193, 194, 197–198, 197A, 260, 262, 276, 374, 382, 410, 514 marks, 1, 2, 5–6, 197, 206

Teaching Tips, 1K, 15C, 29C, 49C, 69K, 83C, 101C, 117C, 141K, 157C, 175C, 193C, 217K, 235C, 253C, 269C, 293K, 311C, 329C, 349C, 369K, 387C, 407C, 427C, 451K, 471C, 489C, 511C

Technology, 1F, 1K, 15C, 29C, 49C, 69F, 69K, 83C, 101C, 117C, 141F, 141K, 157C, 175C, 193C, 217F, 217K, 235C, 253C, 269C, 293F, 293K, 311C, 329C, 349C, 369F, 369K, 387C, 407C, 427C, 451F, 451K, 471C, 489C, 511C. See also E-Journal; Internet resources.

Technology Link calculator, 26, 98, 172, 250, 360, 404, 528 computer, 60, 132, 208, 284, 326, 442, 486

Temperature, 388, 399–400, 399A, 402, 404, 406A, 531–532 charting, 406A using a calculator for change in, 404

Ten-frames, 75–76, 75A, 80, 107A, 184

10 less, 227A, 248

10 more, 227A, 248

Tens, 15, 16, 21–22, 21A, 31–32, 31A, 217, 218, 219–220, 219A, 221–222, 223A, 234A, 241–242, 243–244, 248, 259–260, 380, 440, 510A, 513–514, 513A, 517–518, 517A, 521–522, 521A adding, 513–514, 513A count on to add, 517–518, 517A counting back, 521–522, 521A grouping days by, 510A in dates, 222 in numbers to 31, 31–32, 31A on hundred chart, 248 regrouping ones as, 221–222 skip counting by, 220, 241–242, 243–244, 259–260, 380, 522 subtracting, 513–514, 513A with calendar days, 234A

Test Generator, 1F, 69F, 141F, 217F, 293F, 369F, 451F

Test Prep, 14, 28, 48, 62, 82, 100, 116, 134, 156, 174, 192, 210, 234, 252, 268, 286, 310, 328, 348, 362, 386, 406, 426, 444, 470, 488, 510, 530

Then, 305A

Thermometer, 399–400, 399A, 402

Thirds, 455–456, 470A

3-dimensional figures, 407, 408, 409–410, 409A, 411–412, 411A

Time, 4, 18, 32, 74, 90, 122, 130, 146, 178, 180, 196, 226, 240, 242, 256, 272, 320, 335A, 338, 339A, 341–342, 341A, 344, 348A, 352, 358, 360, 376, 380, 392, 414, 418, 430, 432, 434, 440, 456, 460, 474, 480, 492, 516, 518, 524, 526

Time for Kids  "Animal Count," 62D–62E "Apples!," 286D–286E "Homes," 444D–444E "How Many Players?," 210D–210E "Pack and Go," 134D–134E "Party!," 362D–362E "Picnic Fun," 530D–530E

To the left of, 429–430, 429A, 478

To the right of, 429–430, 429A, 478

Today, 238, 240, 256, 349, 350, 355–356, 355A, 410, 440

Tomorrow, 349, 350, 355–356, 355A, 410

Total, 90, 130, 484

Transformations. See Slides, Flips, Turns.

Translation. See Slides.

Trapezoids, 413–414, 413A

Triangles, 408, 411–412, 411A, 413–414, 417A, 422, 426A

Turns, 427, 428, 435–436, 435A

2-digit numbers, 320, 513–514, 515–516, 517–518, 519–520, 521–522, 523–524, 536 adding, 513–514, 515–516, 517–518, 536 estimate sums and differences, 523–524 subtracting, 519–520, 521–522

2-dimensional shapes, 407, 408, 411–412, 411A, 413–414, 413A, 415–416, 415A

Twos, counting by, 8, 241–242, 243–244, 336, 342, 380

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U

Under, 429–430, 429A

Unequal parts, 453–454, 453A

Unit fractions, 455–456, 475–476, 475A

Unit Project, 1D, 69D, 141D, 217D, 293D, 369D, 451D

Unit Study Guide and Review, 65–66, 137–138, 213–214, 289–290, 365–366, 447–448, 533–534

Units customary, 369, 370, 373–374, 373A, 375–376, 375A, 387, 391–392, 391A, 393–394, 393A, 398, 464, 504, 522 metric, 369, 370, 379–380, 379A, 387, 395–396, 395A, 397–398, 397A, 400 nonstandard, 120, 166, 324, 371–372, 371A, 389–390, 389A pattern, 439–440, 439A

Up, 430

Use Data. See Problem Solving: Use Data.

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V

Value, 261A, 262, 272, 500. See also Place value. greatest, 261A of coins, 262, 272, 500

Variables, 140

Venn diagrams, 3–4, 3A, 40

Vertex, 407, 415–416, 415A

Vertices, 407, 415–416, 415A, 426A

Visual Learning, 1, 15, 29, 49, 69, 83, 101, 117, 141, 157, 175, 193, 217, 235, 253, 269, 293, 311, 329, 349, 369, 387, 407, 427, 451, 471, 489, 511

Visual Thinking. See Problem Solving: Visual Thinking.

Volume, 34, 450, 464, 478 compare, 34, 450 estimate, 464, 478

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W

Ways to make a number, 71–72, 73–74, 73A, 75–76, 149–150, 185–186, 301A, 493–494, 493A

Ways to name numbers, 185–186, 185A, 206, 402

Weather, 6, 22, 198, 406A, 531–532 charting, 406A graph of, 198 symbols for, 22

Weekdays, 82A

Weekends, 82A, 100A, 174A, 440

Weeks, 28A, 62A, 82A, 116A, 178, 258, 276, 351–352, 351A, 356, 358, 410, 432, 440, 488A

Weight comparing, 110, 152 estimating, 398 heavier, 152, 388, 389–390, 389A lighter, 152, 388, 389–390, 389A pounds, 393–394, 393A

Whole, 196, 459–460, 459A

Whole numbers, 17–18, 18A, 19–20, 19A, 21–22, 21A, 31–32, 31A, 33–34, 33A, 35–36, 35A, 37–38, 37A, 219–220, 219A, 221–222, 221A, 223–224, 223A, 225–226, 225A, 227–228, 227A

Word Power, 1, 15, 29, 49, 69, 83, 101, 117, 141, 157, 175, 193, 217, 235, 253, 269, 293, 311, 329, 349, 369, 387, 407, 427, 451, 471, 489, 511

Write a problem, 113, 468, 508

Write a Story!, 11, 45, 79, 113, 153, 189, 231, 265, 307, 345, 383, 423, 467, 507

Write About It! See each lesson. 

Writing for Math, 12, 46, 80, 114, 154, 190, 232, 266, 308, 346, 384, 424, 468, 508

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Y

Year, 351–352, 351A, 356

Yesterday, 174A, 349, 350, 355–356, 355A, 410, 432

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Z

Zero, 19–20, 19A, 87–88, 121–122, 121A, 160 adding, 87–88 subtracting, 121–122, 121A, 160