HP

Section: Devices and Network Interfaces (4)
Updated: vax
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BSD mandoc
BSD 4  

NAME

hp - MASSBUS disk interface  

SYNOPSIS

disk hp0 at mba0 drive 0  

DESCRIPTION

The hp driver is a generic Massbus disk driver which handles both the standard DEC controllers and the Emulex SC750 and SC780 controllers. It is typical of a block-device disk driver; block I/O is described in physio(4).

The script MAKEDEV(8) should be used to create the special files; if a special file needs to be created by hand consult mknod(8). It is recommended as a security precaution to not create special files for devices which may never be installed.

The first sector of each disk contains both a first-stage bootstrap program and a disk label containing geometry information and partition layouts (see disklabel(5). This sector is normally write-protected, and disk-to-disk copies should avoid copying this sector. The label may be updated with disklabel(8), which can also be used to write-enable and write-disable the sector. The next 15 sectors contain a second-stage bootstrap program.  

DISK SUPPORT

This driver handles both standard DEC controllers and Emulex SC750 and SC780 controllers. During autoconfiguration or whenever a drive comes on line for the first time, or when a drive is opened after all partitions are closed, the first sector of the drive is examined for a disk label. If a label is found, the geometry of the drive and the partition tables are taken from it. If no label is found, standard DEC drive types are recognized according to the MASSBUS drive type register, and default partitions are used. For the Emulex controller the drive type register should be configured to indicate the drive is an RM02 When this is encountered, the driver checks the holding register to find out the disk geometry and, based on this information, decides what the drive type is.

Special file names begin with `hp ' and `rhp ' for the block and character files respectively. The second component of the name, a drive unit number in the range of zero to seven, is represented by a `? ' in the disk layouts below. The last component is the file system partition designated by a letter from `a ' to `h ' and also corresponds to a minor device number set: zero to seven, eight to 15, 16 to 23 and so forth for drive zero, drive two and drive three respectively. The following disks are supported: RM03 RM05 RP06 RM80 RP05 RP07 ML11A ML11B CDC 9775 CDC 9730 AMPEX Capricorn (32 sectors/track), FUJITSU Eagle (48 sectors/track), FUJITSU 2361, and AMPEX 9300. The default layout and size (in sectors) of the partitions for these drives:

RM03 partitions disk        start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-99
        hp?b    16000   33440   100-309
        hp?c    0       131680  0-822
        hp?d    49600   15884   309-408
        hp?e    65440   55936   409-758
        hp?f    121440  10080   759-822
        hp?g    49600   82080   309-822

RM05 partitions disk start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-26
        hp?b    16416   33440   27-81
        hp?c    0       500384  0-822
        hp?d    341696  15884   562-588
        hp?e    358112  55936   589-680
        hp?f    414048  86176   681-822
        hp?g    341696  158528  562-822
        hp?h    49856   291346  82-561

RP06 partitions disk start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-37
        hp?b    15884   33440   38-117
        hp?c    0       340670  0-814
        hp?d    49324   15884   118-155
        hp?e    65208   55936   156-289
        hp?f    121220  219296  290-814
        hp?g    49324   291192  118-814 

RM80 partitions disk start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-36
        hp?b    16058   33440   37-114
        hp?c    0       242606  0-558
        hp?d    49910   15884   115-151
        hp?e    68096   55936   152-280
        hp?f    125888  120466  281-558
        hp?g    49910   192510  115-558

RP05 partitions disk start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-37
        hp?b    15884   33440   38-117
        hp?c    0       171798  0-410
        hp?d    2242    15884   118-155
        hp?e    65208   55936   156-289
        hp?f    121220  50424   290-410
        hp?g    2242    122320  118-410

RP07 partitions disk start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-9
        hp?b    16000   66880   10-51
        hp?c    0       1008000 0-629
        hp?d    376000  15884   235-244
        hp?e    392000  307200  245-436
        hp?f    699200  308600  437-629
        hp?g    376000  631800  235-629
        hp?h    83200   291346  52-234

CDC 9775 partitions disk     start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-12
        hp?b    16640   66880   13-65
        hp?c    0       1077760 0-841
        hp?d    376320  15884   294-306
        hp?e    392960  307200  307-546
        hp?f    700160  377440  547-841
        hp?g    376320  701280  294-841
        hp?h    84480   291346  66-293

CDC 9730 partitions disk     start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-49
        hp?b    16000   33440   50-154
        hp?c    0       263360  0-822
        hp?d    49600   15884   155-204
        hp?e    65600   55936   205-379
        hp?f    121600  141600  380-822
        hp?g    49600   213600  155-822

AMPEX Capricorn partitions disk      start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-31
        hp?b    16384   33440   32-97
        hp?c    0       524288  0-1023
        hp?d    342016  15884   668-699
        hp?e    358400  55936   700-809
        hp?f    414720  109408  810-1023
        hp?g    342016  182112  668-1023
        hp?h    50176   291346  98-667

FUJITSU Eagle partitions disk        start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-16
        hp?b    16320   66880   17-86
        hp?c    0       808320  0-841
        hp?d    375360  15884   391-407
        hp?e    391680  55936   408-727
        hp?f    698880  109248  728-841
        hp?g    375360  432768  391-841
        hp?h    83520   291346  87-390

FUJITSU 2361 partitions disk start   length  cyls   hp?a    0       15884   0-12
        hp?b    16640   66880   13-65
        hp?c    0       1077760 0-841
        hp?d    376320  15884   294-306
        hp?e    392960  307200  307-546
        hp?f    700160  377408  547-841
        hp?g    363520  701248  294-841
        hp?h    84480   291346  66-293

AMPEX 9300 partitions disk   start   length  cyl    hp?a    0       15884   0-26
        hp?b    16416   33440   27-81
        hp?c    0       495520  0-814
        hp?d    341696  15884   562-588
        hp?e    358112  55936   589-680
        hp?f    414048  81312   681-814
        hp?g    341696  153664  562-814
        hp?h    49856   291346  82-561

The hp?a partition is normally used for the root file system, the hp?b partition as a paging area, and the hp?c partition for pack-pack copying (it maps the entire disk). On disks larger than about 205 Megabytes, the hp?h partition is inserted prior to the hp?d or hp?g partition; the hp?g partition then maps the remainder of the pack. All disk partition tables are calculated using the diskpart(8) program.

 

FILES

/dev/hp[0-7][a-h]
block files
/dev/rhp[0-7][a-h]
raw files

 

DIAGNOSTICS

"hp%d%c: hard error %sing fsbn %d [of %d-%d] (hp%d bn %d cn %d tn %d sn %d) mbsr=%b er1=%b er2=%b."
An unrecoverable error occurred during transfer of the specified filesystem block number, which is a logical block number on the indicated partition. If the transfer involved multiple blocks, the block range is printed as well. The parenthesized fields list the actual disk sector number relative to the beginning of the drive, as well as the cylinder, track and sector number of the block. The MASSBUS status register is printed in hexadecimal and with the error bits decoded if any error bits other than MBEXC and DTABT are set. In any case the contents of the two error registers are also printed in octal and symbolically with bits decoded. (Note that er2 is what old RP06 manuals would call RPER3 the terminology is that of the RM disks). The error was either unrecoverable, or a large number of retry attempts (including offset positioning and drive recalibration) could not recover the error.

hp%d: write locked.
The write protect switch was set on the drive when a write was attempted. The write operation is not recoverable.

hp%d: not ready
The drive was spun down or off line when it was accessed. The I/O operation is not recoverable.

"hp%d%c: soft ecc reading fsbn %d [of %d-%d] (hp%d bn %d cn %d tn %d sn %d)."
A recoverable ECC error occurred on the specified sector of the specified disk partition. If the transfer involved multiple blocks, the block range is printed as well. The parenthesized fields list the actual disk sector number relative to the beginning of the drive, as well as the cylinder, track and sector number of the block. This happens normally a few times a week. If it happens more frequently than this the sectors where the errors are occurring should be checked to see if certain cylinders on the pack, spots on the carriage of the drive or heads are indicated.

hp%d: 9775 (direct).
hp%d: 9730 (direct).
hp%d: 9300.
hp%d: 9762.
hp%d: capricorn.
hp%d: eagle.
hp%d: 2361.
hp%d: ntracks %d, nsectors %d: unknown device.
During autoconfiguration one of the above messages may appear on the console indicating the appropriate drive type was recognized. The last message indicates the drive is of a unknown type. In this case, the correct geometry is set, and one partition is created that contains the entire drive.

 

SEE ALSO

physio(4), up(4), disklabel(5), MAKEDEV(8) disklabel(8) mknod(8)  

HISTORY

The driver appeared in BSD 4.0  

BUGS

DEC -standard error logging should be supported.

A program to analyze the logged error information (even in its present reduced form) is needed.


 

Index

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DISK SUPPORT
FILES
DIAGNOSTICS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
BUGS

This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 06:48:35 GMT, May 19, 2025