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GeographyLocation: Central Asia, northwest of China
Area: Land boundaries: total 12,012 km, China 1,533 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,051 km, Russia 6,846km, Turkmenistan 379 km, Uzbekistan 2,203 km Coastline: 0 km
PeoplePopulation: 17,376,615 (July 1995 est.)
Age structure:
Population growth rate: 0.62% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 19.26 births/1,000 population Death rate: 7.93 deaths/1,000 population Net migration rate: -5.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population Infant mortality rate: 40 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth:
Total fertility rate: 2.43 children born/woman Ethnic divisions: Kazakh (Qazaq) 41.9%, Russian 37%, Ukrainian 5.2%, German 4.7%, Uzbek2.1%, Tatar 2%, other 7.1% (1991 official data) Religions: Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, other 7% Languages: Kazakh (Qazaqz) official language spoken by over 40% of population,Russian (language of interethnic communication) spoken by two-thirds of population and used in everyday business
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1989)
Government
Names:
Type: republic Capital: Almaty Independence: 16 December 1991 (from the Soviet Union) Constitution: adopted 28 January 1993
EconomyNational product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $55.2 billion National product real growth rate: -25% National product per capita: $3,200 Inflation rate (consumer prices): 24% Unemployment rate: 1.1% includes only officially registered unemployed; also large numbersof underemployed workers
Electricity:
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| Pin trading was one of the most popular Olympic sports, with more than 1.2 million pins changing hands during the Games in the Coca Cola Pin Trading Center at Centennial Olympic Park. |