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GeographyLocation: Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan
Area: Land boundaries: total 3,736 km, Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km Coastline: 0 km
PeoplePopulation: 4,075,316 (July 1995 est.)
Age structure:
Population growth rate: 1.97% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 29.93 births/1,000 population Death rate: 7.34 deaths/1,000 population Net migration rate: -2.92 migrant(s)/1,000 population Infant mortality rate: 68.5 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth:
Total fertility rate: 3.72 children born/woman Ethnic divisions: Turkmen 73.3%, Russian 9.8%, Uzbek 9%, Kazakh 2%, other 5.9% Religions: Muslim 87%, Eastern Orthodox 11%, unknown 2% Languages: Turkmen 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1989)
Government
Names:
Type: republic Capital: Ashgabat Independence: 27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union) Constitution: adopted 18 May 1992
EconomyNational product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $13.1 billion National product real growth rate: -24% National product per capita: $3,280 Inflation rate (consumer prices): 25% Unemployment rate:
Electricity:
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| Pin trading was one of the most popular Olympic sports, with more than 1.2 million pins changing hands during the Games in the Coca Cola Pin Trading Center at Centennial Olympic Park. |