=`
{=`{ }=`}

=0em

59

<#37#>= <#37#>

<#687#><#718#>#tex2html_accent_inline2407#<#718#><#687#> =

<#719#>#tex2html_accent_inline2408#<#719#>

<#721#>#tex2html_accent_inline2409#<#721#><#722#>Starting GNUPLOT<#722#>

to <#723#> <#724#>=.5=1em to enter GNUPLOT<#724#><#725#>#tex2html_accent_inline2410#<#725#><#723#> to <#726#> <#727#>=.5=1em to enter batch GNUPLOT<#727#><#728#>#tex2html_accent_inline2411#<#728#><#726#> to <#729#> <#730#>=.5=1em to pipe commands to GNUPLOT<#730#><#731#>#tex2html_accent_inline2412#<#731#><#729#>

see below for environment variables you might want to change before entering GNUPLOT.

<#732#>#tex2html_accent_inline2413#<#732#><#733#>Exiting GNUPLOT<#733#>

to <#734#> <#735#>=.5=1em exit GNUPLOT<#735#><#736#>#tex2html_accent_inline2414#<#736#><#734#>

All GNUPLOT commands can be abbreviated to the first few unique letters, usually three characters. This reference uses the complete name for clarity.

<#737#>#tex2html_accent_inline2415#<#737#><#738#>Getting Help<#738#>

to <#739#> <#740#>=.5=1em introductory help<#740#><#741#>#tex2html_accent_inline2416#<#741#><#739#> to <#742#> <#743#>=.5=1em help on a topic<#743#><#744#>#tex2html_accent_inline2417#<#744#><#742#> to <#745#> <#746#>=.5=1em list of all help available<#746#><#747#>#tex2html_accent_inline2418#<#747#><#745#> to <#748#> <#749#>=.5=1em show current environment<#749#><#750#>#tex2html_accent_inline2419#<#750#><#748#>

<#751#>#tex2html_accent_inline2420#<#751#><#752#>Command-line Editing<#752#>

The UNIX, MS-DOS and VMS versions of GNUPLOT support command-line editing and a command history. EMACS style editing is supported.

=1em

Line Editing:

to <#753#> <#754#>=.5=1em move back a single character<#754#><#755#>#tex2html_accent_inline2421#<#755#><#753#> to <#756#> <#757#>=.5=1em move forward a single character<#757#><#758#>#tex2html_accent_inline2422#<#758#><#756#> to <#759#> <#760#>=.5=1em moves to the beginning of the line<#760#><#761#>#tex2html_accent_inline2423#<#761#><#759#> to <#762#> <#763#>=.5=1em moves to the end of the line<#763#><#764#>#tex2html_accent_inline2424#<#764#><#762#> to <#765#> <#766#>=.5=1em delete the previous character<#766#><#767#>#tex2html_accent_inline2425#<#767#><#765#> to <#768#> <#769#>=.5=1em deletes the current character<#769#><#770#>#tex2html_accent_inline2426#<#770#><#768#> to <#771#> <#772#>=.5=1em deletes to the end of line<#772#><#773#>#tex2html_accent_inline2427#<#773#><#771#> to <#774#> <#775#>=.5=1em redraws line in case it gets trashed<#775#><#776#>#tex2html_accent_inline2428#<#776#><#774#> to <#777#> <#778#>=.5=1em deletes the entire line<#778#><#779#>#tex2html_accent_inline2429#<#779#><#777#> to <#780#> <#781#>=.5=1em deletes the last word<#781#><#782#>#tex2html_accent_inline2430#<#782#><#780#> =0em =1em

History:

to <#783#> <#784#>=.5=1em moves back through history<#784#><#785#>#tex2html_accent_inline2431#<#785#><#783#> to <#786#> <#787#>=.5=1em moves forward through history<#787#><#788#>#tex2html_accent_inline2432#<#788#><#786#> =0em

The following arrow keys may be used on the MS-DOS version if READLINE is used.

=1em IBM PC Arrow Keys:

to <#789#> <#790#>=.5=1em Left Arrow<#790#><#791#>#tex2html_accent_inline2433#<#791#><#789#> to <#792#> <#793#>=.5=1em Right Arrow<#793#><#794#>#tex2html_accent_inline2434#<#794#><#792#> to <#795#> <#796#>=.5=1em Ctrl Left Arrow<#796#><#797#>#tex2html_accent_inline2435#<#797#><#795#> to <#798#> <#799#>=.5=1em Ctrl Right Arrow<#799#><#800#>#tex2html_accent_inline2436#<#800#><#798#> to <#801#> <#802#>=.5=1em Up Arrow<#802#><#803#>#tex2html_accent_inline2437#<#803#><#801#> to <#804#> <#805#>=.5=1em Down Arrow<#805#><#806#>#tex2html_accent_inline2438#<#806#><#804#> =0em

<#807#>#tex2html_accent_inline2439#<#807#><#808#>Graphics Devices<#808#>

All screen graphics devices are specified by names and options. This information can be read from a startup file (.gnuplot in UNIX). If you change the graphics device, you must replot with the <#809#>#tex2html_accent_inline2440#<#809#>command.

to <#810#> <#811#>=.5=1em get a list of valid devices <#811#><#812#>#tex2html_accent_inline2441#<#812#><#810#>

=1em

Graphics Terminals:

to <#813#> <#814#>=.5=1em AED 512 Terminal<#814#><#815#>#tex2html_accent_inline2442#<#815#><#813#> to <#816#> <#817#>=.5=1em AED 767 Terminal<#817#><#818#>#tex2html_accent_inline2443#<#818#><#816#> to <#819#> <#820#>=.5=1em Amiga<#820#><#821#>#tex2html_accent_inline2444#<#821#><#819#> to <#822#> <#823#>=.5=1em Adobe Illustrator 3.0 Format<#823#><#824#>#tex2html_accent_inline2445#<#824#><#822#> to <#825#> <#826#>=.5=1em Apollo graphics primitive, rescalable<#826#><#827#>#tex2html_accent_inline2446#<#827#><#825#> to <#828#> <#829#>=.5=1em Atari ST<#829#><#830#>#tex2html_accent_inline2447#<#830#><#828#> to <#831#> <#832#>=.5=1em BBN Bitgraph Terminal<#832#><#833#>#tex2html_accent_inline2448#<#833#><#831#> to <#834#> <#835#>=.5=1em SCO CGI Driver<#835#><#836#>#tex2html_accent_inline2449#<#836#><#834#> to <#837#> <#838#>=.5=1em Apollo graphics primitive, fixed window<#838#><#839#>#tex2html_accent_inline2450#<#839#><#837#> to <#840#> <#841#>=.5=1em SGI GL windown<#841#><#842#>#tex2html_accent_inline2451#<#842#><#840#> to <#843#> <#844#>=.5=1em MS-DOS Kermit Tek4010 term - color<#844#><#845#>#tex2html_accent_inline2452#<#845#><#843#> to <#846#> <#847#>=.5=1em MS-DOS Kermit Tek4010 term - mono<#847#><#848#>#tex2html_accent_inline2453#<#848#><#846#> to <#849#> <#850#>=.5=1em NeXTstep window system<#850#><#851#>#tex2html_accent_inline2454#<#851#><#849#> to <#852#> <#853#>=.5=1em REGIS graphics language<#853#><#854#>#tex2html_accent_inline2455#<#854#><#852#> to <#855#> <#856#>=.5=1em Selanar Tek Terminal<#856#><#857#>#tex2html_accent_inline2456#<#857#><#855#> to <#858#> <#859#>=.5=1em SunView window system<#859#><#860#>#tex2html_accent_inline2457#<#860#><#858#> to <#861#> <#862#>=.5=1em Tektronix 4106, 4107, 4109 420X <#862#><#863#>#tex2html_accent_inline2458#<#863#><#861#> to <#864#> <#865#>=.5=1em Tektronix 4010; most TEK emulators<#865#><#866#>#tex2html_accent_inline2459#<#866#><#864#> to <#867#> <#868#>=.5=1em VAX UIS window system<#868#><#869#>#tex2html_accent_inline2460#<#869#><#867#> to <#870#> <#871#>=.5=1em VT-like tek40xx terminal emulator<#871#><#872#>#tex2html_accent_inline2461#<#872#><#870#> to <#873#> <#874#>=.5=1em UNIX plotting (not always supplied)<#874#><#875#>#tex2html_accent_inline2462#<#875#><#873#> to <#876#> <#877#>=.5=1em ATT 3b1 or 7300 UNIXPC<#877#><#878#>#tex2html_accent_inline2463#<#878#><#876#> to <#879#> <#880#>=.5=1em X11 default display device<#880#><#881#>#tex2html_accent_inline2464#<#881#><#879#> to <#882#> <#883#>=.5=1em X11 multicolor point default device<#883#><#884#>#tex2html_accent_inline2465#<#884#><#882#>

=0em

=1em

Turbo C PC Graphics Modes:

to <#885#> <#886#>=.5=1em Hercules<#886#><#887#>#tex2html_accent_inline2466#<#887#><#885#> to <#888#> <#889#>=.5=1em Color Graphics Adaptor<#889#><#890#>#tex2html_accent_inline2467#<#890#><#888#> to <#891#> <#892#>=.5=1em Monochrome CGA<#892#><#893#>#tex2html_accent_inline2468#<#893#><#891#> to <#894#> <#895#>=.5=1em Extended Graphics Adaptor<#895#><#896#>#tex2html_accent_inline2469#<#896#><#894#> to <#897#> <#898#>=.5=1em VGA<#898#><#899#>#tex2html_accent_inline2470#<#899#><#897#> to <#900#> <#901#>=.5=1em Monochrome VGA<#901#><#902#>#tex2html_accent_inline2471#<#902#><#900#> to <#903#> <#904#>=.5=1em Super VGA - requires SVGA driver<#904#><#905#>#tex2html_accent_inline2472#<#905#><#903#> to <#906#> <#907#>=.5=1em ATT 6300 Micro<#907#><#908#>#tex2html_accent_inline2473#<#908#><#906#>

=0em

MS Windows 3.x and OS/2 Presentation Manager are also supported.

=1em

Hardcopy Devices:

to <#909#> <#910#>=.5=1em Unknown - not a plotting device<#910#><#911#>#tex2html_accent_inline2474#<#911#><#909#> to <#912#> <#913#>=.5=1em Dump ASCII table of X Y [Z] values<#913#><#914#>#tex2html_accent_inline2475#<#914#><#912#> to <#915#> <#916#>=.5=1em printer or glass dumb terminal<#916#><#917#>#tex2html_accent_inline2476#<#917#><#915#> to <#918#> <#919#>=.5=1em Roland DXY800A plotter<#919#><#920#>#tex2html_accent_inline2477#<#920#><#918#>

Dot Matrix Printers

to <#921#> <#922#>=.5=1em Epson-style 60-dot per inch printers<#922#><#923#>#tex2html_accent_inline2478#<#923#><#921#> to <#924#> <#925#>=.5=1em Epson LX-800, Star NL-10 <#925#><#926#>#tex2html_accent_inline2479#<#926#><#924#> to <#927#> <#928#>=.5=1em NX-1000, PROPRINTER <#928#><#929#>#tex2html_accent_inline2480#<#929#><#927#> to <#930#> <#931#>=.5=1em NEC printer CP6, Epson LQ-800 <#931#><#932#>#tex2html_accent_inline2481#<#932#><#930#> to <#933#> <#934#>=.5=1em Star Color Printer<#934#><#935#>#tex2html_accent_inline2482#<#935#><#933#> to <#936#> <#937#>=.5=1em Tandy DMP-130 60-dot per inch <#937#><#938#>#tex2html_accent_inline2483#<#938#><#936#> to <#939#> <#940#>=.5=1em Vectrix 384 Tandy color printer<#940#><#941#>#tex2html_accent_inline2484#<#941#><#939#>

Laser Printers

to <#942#> <#943#>=.5=1em Talaris EXCL language<#943#><#944#>#tex2html_accent_inline2485#<#944#><#942#> to <#945#> <#946#>=.5=1em Imagen laser printer<#946#><#947#>#tex2html_accent_inline2486#<#947#><#945#> to <#948#> <#949#>=.5=1em LN03-Plus in EGM mode<#949#><#950#>#tex2html_accent_inline2487#<#950#><#948#> to <#951#> <#952#>=.5=1em PostScript graphics language <#952#><#953#>#tex2html_accent_inline2488#<#953#><#951#> to <#954#> <#955#>=.5=1em CorelDraw EPS<#955#><#956#>#tex2html_accent_inline2489#<#956#><#954#> to <#957#> <#958#>=.5=1em Prescribe - for the Kyocera Laser Printer<#958#><#959#>#tex2html_accent_inline2490#<#959#><#957#> to <#960#> <#961#>=.5=1em Kyocera Laser Printer with Courier font<#961#><#962#>#tex2html_accent_inline2491#<#962#><#960#> to <#963#> <#964#>=.5=1em QMS/QUIC Laser (also Talaris 1200 )<#964#><#965#>#tex2html_accent_inline2492#<#965#><#963#>

Metafiles

to <#966#> <#967#>=.5=1em AutoCAD DXF (120x80 default)<#967#><#968#>#tex2html_accent_inline2493#<#968#><#966#> to <#969#> <#970#>=.5=1em FIG graphics language: SunView or X <#970#><#971#>#tex2html_accent_inline2494#<#971#><#969#> to <#972#> <#973#>=.5=1em FIG graphics language: Large Graph<#973#><#974#>#tex2html_accent_inline2495#<#974#><#972#> to <#975#> <#976#>=.5=1em SCO hardcopy CGI<#976#><#977#>#tex2html_accent_inline2496#<#977#><#975#> to <#978#> <#979#>=.5=1em Frame Maker MIF 3.0<#979#><#980#>#tex2html_accent_inline2497#<#980#><#978#> to <#981#> <#982#>=.5=1em Portable bitmap<#982#><#983#>#tex2html_accent_inline2498#<#983#><#981#> to <#984#> <#985#>=.5=1em Uniplex Redwood Graphics Interface Protocol<#985#><#986#>#tex2html_accent_inline2499#<#986#><#984#> to <#987#> <#988#>=.5=1em TGIF language<#988#><#989#>#tex2html_accent_inline2500#<#989#><#987#>

HP Devices

to <#990#> <#991#>=.5=1em HP2623A and maybe others<#991#><#992#>#tex2html_accent_inline2501#<#992#><#990#> to <#993#> <#994#>=.5=1em HP2648 and HP2647<#994#><#995#>#tex2html_accent_inline2502#<#995#><#993#> to <#996#> <#997#>=.5=1em HP7580, probably other HPs (4 pens)<#997#><#998#>#tex2html_accent_inline2503#<#998#><#996#> to <#999#> <#1000#>=.5=1em HP7475 lots of others (6 pens)<#1000#><#1001#>#tex2html_accent_inline2504#<#1001#><#999#> to <#1002#> <#1003#>=.5=1em HP Laserjet series II clones<#1003#><#1004#>#tex2html_accent_inline2505#<#1004#><#1002#> to <#1005#> <#1006#>=.5=1em HP DeskJet 500<#1006#><#1007#>#tex2html_accent_inline2506#<#1007#><#1005#> to <#1008#> <#1009#>=.5=1em HP PaintJet HP3630 <#1009#><#1010#>#tex2html_accent_inline2507#<#1010#><#1008#> to <#1011#> <#1012#>=.5=1em HP laserjet III ( HPGL plot vectors)<#1012#><#1013#>#tex2html_accent_inline2508#<#1013#><#1011#>

TeX picture environments

to <#1014#> <#1015#>=.5=1em LaTeX picture environment<#1015#><#1016#>#tex2html_accent_inline2509#<#1016#><#1014#> to <#1017#> <#1018#>=.5=1em EEPIC -- extended LaTeX picture <#1018#><#1019#>#tex2html_accent_inline2510#<#1019#><#1017#> to <#1020#> <#1021#>=.5=1em LaTeX picture with emTeX specials<#1021#><#1022#>#tex2html_accent_inline2511#<#1022#><#1020#> to <#1023#> <#1024#>=.5=1em PSTricks macros for TeX or LaTeX<#1024#><#1025#>#tex2html_accent_inline2512#<#1025#><#1023#> to <#1026#> <#1027#>=.5=1em TPIC specials for TeX or LaTeX<#1027#><#1028#>#tex2html_accent_inline2513#<#1028#><#1026#> to <#1029#> <#1030#>=.5=1em MetaFont font generation input<#1030#><#1031#>#tex2html_accent_inline2514#<#1031#><#1029#>

=0em

<#1032#>#tex2html_accent_inline2515#<#1032#><#1033#>Files<#1033#>

to <#1034#> <#1035#>=.5=1em <#1037#>#tex2html_accent_inline2516#<#1037#> a data file<#1035#><#1036#>#tex2html_accent_inline2517#<#1036#><#1034#> to <#1038#> <#1039#>=.5=1em <#1041#>#tex2html_accent_inline2518#<#1041#> in a macro file<#1039#><#1040#>#tex2html_accent_inline2519#<#1040#><#1038#> to <#1042#> <#1043#>=.5=1em <#1045#>#tex2html_accent_inline2520#<#1045#> command buffer to a macro file<#1043#><#1044#>#tex2html_accent_inline2521#<#1044#><#1042#> to <#1046#> <#1047#>=.5=1em <#1049#>#tex2html_accent_inline2522#<#1049#> for later reuse<#1047#><#1048#>#tex2html_accent_inline2523#<#1048#><#1046#>

<#1050#>#tex2html_accent_inline2524#<#1050#><#1051#>PLOT SPLOT commands<#1051#>

<#264#>#tex2html_accent_inline2525#<#264#> and <#265#>#tex2html_accent_inline2526#<#265#> are the primary commands <#266#>#tex2html_accent_inline2527#<#266#> is used to plot 2-d functions and data, while <#267#>#tex2html_accent_inline2528#<#267#> plots 3-d surfaces and data.

Syntax:

plot {ranges} ;SPMlt;function;SPMgt; {title}{style} {, ;SPMlt;function;SPMgt; {title}{style}...}

splot {ranges} ;SPMlt;function;SPMgt; {title}{style} {, ;SPMlt;function;SPMgt; {title}{style}...}

where ;SPMlt;function;SPMgt; is either a mathematical expression, the name of a data file enclosed in quotes, or a pair (<#268#>#tex2html_accent_inline2550#<#268#>) or triple (<#269#>#tex2html_accent_inline2551#<#269#>) of mathematical expressions in the case of parametric functions. User-defined functions and variables may also be defined here. Examples will be given below.

<#1052#>#tex2html_accent_inline2552#<#1052#><#1053#>Plotting Data<#1053#>Discrete data contained in a file can displayed by specifying the name of the data file (enclosed in quotes) on the <#271#>#tex2html_accent_inline2553#<#271#> or <#272#>#tex2html_accent_inline2554#<#272#> command line. Data files should contain one data point per line. Lines beginning with # (or ! on VMS) will be treated as comments and ignored. For <#273#>#tex2html_accent_inline2555#<#273#>s, each data point represents an (x,y) pair. For <#274#>#tex2html_accent_inline2556#<#274#>s, each point is an (x,y,z) triple. For <#275#>#tex2html_accent_inline2557#<#275#>s with error bars (see <#276#>#tex2html_accent_inline2558#<#276#>), each data point is either (x,y,ydelta) or (x,y,ylow,yhigh). In all cases, the numbers on each line of a data file must be separated by blank space. This blank space divides each line into columns.

For <#277#>#tex2html_accent_inline2559#<#277#>s the x value may be omitted, and for <#278#>#tex2html_accent_inline2560#<#278#>s the x and y values may be omitted. In either case the omitted values are assigned the current coordinate number. Coordinate numbers start at 0 and are incremented for each data point read.

<#1054#>#tex2html_accent_inline2561#<#1054#><#1055#>Surface Plotting<#1055#>Implicitly, there are two types of 3-d datafiles. If all the isolines are of the same length, the data is assumed to be a grid data, i.e., the data has a grid topology. Cross isolines in the other parametric direction (the ith cross isoline passes thru the ith point of all the provided isolines) will also be drawn for grid data. (Note contouring is available for grid data only.) If all the isolines are not of the same length, no cross isolines will be drawn and contouring that data is impossible.

For splot if 3-d datafile and using format (see <#280#>#tex2html_accent_inline2562#<#280#>) specify only z (height field), a non parametric mode must be specified. If, on the other hand, x, y, and z are all specified, a parametric mode should be selected (see <#281#>#tex2html_accent_inline2563#<#281#>) since data is defining a parametric surface.

to <#1056#> <#1057#>=.5=1em example of plotting a 3-d data<#1057#><#1058#>#tex2html_accent_inline2564#<#1058#><#1056#> to <#1059#> <#1060#>=.5=1em example of plotting explicit<#1060#><#1061#>#tex2html_accent_inline2565#<#1061#><#1059#>

<#1062#>#tex2html_accent_inline2566#<#1062#><#1063#>Using Pipes<#1063#>

On some computer systems with a popen function (UNIX), the datafile can be piped through a shell command by starting the file name with a ';SPMlt;'. For example:

pop(x) = 103*exp(x/10) plot ;SPMquot;;SPMlt; awk '{ print $1-1965 $2 }' population.dat;SPMquot;, pop(x)

would plot the same information as the first population example but with years since 1965 as the x axis.

Similarly, output can be piped to another application, e.g.

set out ;SPMquot;|lpr -Pmy_laser_printer;SPMquot;

<#1064#>#tex2html_accent_inline2572#<#1064#><#1065#>Plot Data Using<#1065#>The format of data within a file can be selected with the <#288#>#tex2html_accent_inline2573#<#288#> option. An explicit scanf string can be used, or simpler column choices can be made.

to <#1066#> <#1067#>=.5=1em plot ;SPMquot;datafile;SPMquot;<#1067#><#1068#>#tex2html_accent_inline2574#<#1068#><#1066#> to <#1069#> <#1070#>=.5=1em <#1070#><#1071#>#tex2html_accent_inline2575#<#1071#><#1069#> to <#1072#> <#1073#>=.5=1em <#1073#><#1074#>#tex2html_accent_inline2576#<#1074#><#1072#> to <#1075#> <#1076#>=.5=1em <#1076#><#1077#>#tex2html_accent_inline2577#<#1077#><#1075#> to <#1078#> <#1079#>=.5=1em <#1079#><#1080#>#tex2html_accent_inline2578#<#1080#><#1078#>

to <#1081#> <#1082#>=.5=1em splot ;SPMquot;datafile;SPMquot;<#1082#><#1083#>#tex2html_accent_inline2579#<#1083#><#1081#> to <#1084#> <#1085#>=.5=1em <#1085#><#1086#>#tex2html_accent_inline2580#<#1086#><#1084#>

;SPMlt;xcol;SPMgt;, ;SPMlt;ycol;SPMgt;, and ;SPMlt;zcol;SPMgt; explicitly select the columns to plot from a space or tab separated multicolumn data file. If only ;SPMlt;ycol;SPMgt; is selected for <#303#>#tex2html_accent_inline2589#<#303#>, ;SPMlt;xcol;SPMgt; defaults to 1. If only ;SPMlt;zcol;SPMgt; is selected for <#304#>#tex2html_accent_inline2594#<#304#>, then only that column is read from the file. An ;SPMlt;xcol;SPMgt; of 0 forces ;SPMlt;ycol;SPMgt; to be plotted versus its coordinate number. ;SPMlt;xcol;SPMgt;, ;SPMlt;ycol;SPMgt;, and ;SPMlt;zcol;SPMgt; can be entered as constants or expressions.

If errorbars (see also <#305#>#tex2html_accent_inline2605#<#305#>) are used for <#306#>#tex2html_accent_inline2606#<#306#>s, ydelta (for example, a +/- error) should be provided as the third column, or ylow and yhigh as third and fourth columns. These columns must follow the x and y columns.

Scanf strings override any ;SPMlt;xcol;SPMgt;:;SPMlt;ycol;SPMgt;(:;SPMlt;zcol;SPMgt;) choices, except for ordering of input, e.g.,

to <#1087#> <#1088#>=.5=1em plot ;SPMquot;datafile;SPMquot;<#1088#><#1089#>#tex2html_accent_inline2613#<#1089#><#1087#>

causes the first column to be y and the third column to be x.

If the scanf string is omitted, the default is generated based on the ;SPMlt;xcol;SPMgt;:;SPMlt;ycol;SPMgt;(:;SPMlt;zcol;SPMgt;) choices. If the <#309#>#tex2html_accent_inline2620#<#309#> option is omitted, ''ff'' is used for <#310#>#tex2html_accent_inline2621#<#310#> (''ffff'' for <#311#>#tex2html_accent_inline2622#<#311#> <#312#>#tex2html_accent_inline2623#<#312#>s) and ''fff'' is used for <#313#>#tex2html_accent_inline2624#<#313#>.

to <#1090#> <#1091#>=.5=1em plot ;SPMquot;MyData;SPMquot;<#1091#><#1092#>#tex2html_accent_inline2625#<#1092#><#1090#>

Data are read from the file ``MyData'' using the format ''*ff*20[^#math72#\n]f''. The meaning of this format is: ''*f'' ignore the first number, ''f'' then read in the second and assign to x, ''*20[^#math73#\n]'' then ignore 20 non-newline characters, ''f'' then read in the y value.

<#1093#>#tex2html_accent_inline2628#<#1093#><#1094#>Plot With Errorbars<#1094#>Error bars are supported for 2-d data file plots by reading one or two additional columns specifying ydelta or ylow and yhigh respectively. No support exists for x error bars or any error bars for <#317#>#tex2html_accent_inline2629#<#317#>s.

In the default situation, GNUPLOT expects to see three or four numbers on each line of the data file, either (x, y, ydelta) or (x, y, ylow, yhigh). The x coordinate must be specified. The order of the numbers must be exactly as given above. Data files in this format can easily be plotted with error bars:

plot ;SPMquot;data.dat;SPMquot; with errorbars

The error bar is a vertical line plotted from (x, ylow) to (x, yhigh). If ydelta is specified instead of ylow and yhigh, ylow=y-ydelta and yhigh=y+ydelta are derived. If there are only two numbers on the line, yhigh and ylow are both set to y. To get lines plotted between the data points, <#318#>#tex2html_accent_inline2630#<#318#> the data file twice, once with errorbars and once with lines.

If y autoscaling is on, the y range will be adjusted to fit the error bars.

to <#1095#> <#1096#>=.5=1em x,y,ylow yhigh from columns 1,2,3,4<#1096#><#1097#>#tex2html_accent_inline2631#<#1097#><#1095#> to <#1098#> <#1099#>=.5=1em x from third, y from second, ydelta from 6<#1099#><#1100#>#tex2html_accent_inline2632#<#1100#><#1098#>

<#1101#>#tex2html_accent_inline2633#<#1101#><#1102#>Plot Ranges<#1102#>The optional range specifies the region of the plot that will be displayed.

Ranges may be provided on the <#324#>#tex2html_accent_inline2634#<#324#> and <#325#>#tex2html_accent_inline2635#<#325#> command line and affect only that plot, or in the <#326#>#tex2html_accent_inline2636#<#326#>, <#327#>#tex2html_accent_inline2637#<#327#>, etc., commands, to change the default ranges for future plots.

to <#1103#> <#1104#>=.5=1em [{ ;SPMlt;dummy-var;SPMgt; = }{ ;SPMlt;xmin;SPMgt; : ;SPMlt;xmax;SPMgt; }]<#1104#><#1105#>#tex2html_accent_inline2642#<#1105#><#1103#>

where ;SPMlt;dummy-var;SPMgt; is the independent variable (the defaults are x and y, but this may be changed with <#330#>#tex2html_accent_inline2645#<#330#>) and the min and max terms can be constant expressions.

Both the min and max terms are optional. The ':' is also optional if neither a min nor a max term is specified. This allows '[ ]' to be used as a null range specification.

Specifying a range in the <#331#>#tex2html_accent_inline2646#<#331#> command line turns autoscaling for that axis off for that plot. Using one of the <#332#>#tex2html_accent_inline2647#<#332#> range commands turns autoscaling off for that axis for future plots, unless changed later. (See <#333#>#tex2html_accent_inline2648#<#333#>).

to <#1106#> <#1107#>=.5=1em This uses the current ranges<#1107#><#1108#>#tex2html_accent_inline2649#<#1108#><#1106#> to <#1109#> <#1110#>=.5=1em This sets the x range only<#1110#><#1111#>#tex2html_accent_inline2650#<#1111#><#1109#> to <#1112#> <#1113#>=.5=1em This sets both the x and y ranges<#1113#><#1114#>#tex2html_accent_inline2651#<#1114#><#1112#> to <#1115#> <#1116#>=.5=1em sets only y range, <#1116#><#1117#>#tex2html_accent_inline2652#<#1117#><#1115#> to <#1118#> <#1119#>=.5=1em turns off autoscaling on both axes<#1119#><#1120#>#tex2html_accent_inline2653#<#1120#><#1118#> to <#1121#> <#1122#>=.5=1em This sets xmax and ymin only<#1122#><#1123#>#tex2html_accent_inline2654#<#1123#><#1121#> to <#1124#> <#1125#>=.5=1em This sets the x, y, and z ranges<#1125#><#1126#>#tex2html_accent_inline2655#<#1126#><#1124#>

<#1127#>#tex2html_accent_inline2656#<#1127#><#1128#>Plot With Style<#1128#>Plots may be displayed in one of six styles: <#349#>#tex2html_accent_inline2657#<#349#>, <#350#>#tex2html_accent_inline2658#<#350#>, <#351#>#tex2html_accent_inline2659#<#351#>, <#352#>#tex2html_accent_inline2660#<#352#>, <#353#>#tex2html_accent_inline2661#<#353#>, <#354#>#tex2html_accent_inline2662#<#354#>, or <#355#>#tex2html_accent_inline2663#<#355#>. The <#356#>#tex2html_accent_inline2664#<#356#> style connects adjacent points with lines. The <#357#>#tex2html_accent_inline2665#<#357#> style displays a small symbol at each point. The <#358#>#tex2html_accent_inline2666#<#358#> style does both <#359#>#tex2html_accent_inline2667#<#359#> and <#360#>#tex2html_accent_inline2668#<#360#>. The <#361#>#tex2html_accent_inline2669#<#361#> style displays a vertical line from the x axis (or from the grid base for <#362#>#tex2html_accent_inline2670#<#362#>) to each point. The <#363#>#tex2html_accent_inline2671#<#363#> style plots a tiny dot at each point; this is useful for scatter plots with many points.

The <#364#>#tex2html_accent_inline2672#<#364#> style is only relevant to 2-d data file plotting. It is treated like <#365#>#tex2html_accent_inline2673#<#365#> for <#366#>#tex2html_accent_inline2674#<#366#>s and function <#367#>#tex2html_accent_inline2675#<#367#>s. For data <#368#>#tex2html_accent_inline2676#<#368#>s, <#369#>#tex2html_accent_inline2677#<#369#> is like <#370#>#tex2html_accent_inline2678#<#370#>, except that a vertical error bar is also drawn: for each point (x,y), a line is drawn from (x,ylow) to (x,yhigh). A tic mark is placed at the ends of the error bar. The ylow and yhigh values are read from the data file's columns, as specified with the <#371#>#tex2html_accent_inline2679#<#371#> option to plot. See <#372#>#tex2html_accent_inline2680#<#372#> for more information.

Default styles are chosen with the <#373#>#tex2html_accent_inline2681#<#373#> and <#374#>#tex2html_accent_inline2682#<#374#> commands.

By default, each function and data file will use a different line type and point type, up to the maximum number of available types. All terminal drivers support at least six different point types, and re-use them, in order, if more than six are required. The LaTeX driver supplies an additional six point types (all variants of a circle), and thus will only repeat after twelve curves are plotted with points.

If desired, the style and (optionally) the line type and point type used for a curve can be specified.

to <#1129#> <#1130#>=.5=1em with ;SPMlt;style;SPMgt;<#1130#><#1131#>#tex2html_accent_inline2685#<#1131#><#1129#>

where ;SPMlt;style;SPMgt; is either <#377#>#tex2html_accent_inline2688#<#377#>, <#378#>#tex2html_accent_inline2689#<#378#>, <#379#>#tex2html_accent_inline2690#<#379#>, <#380#>#tex2html_accent_inline2691#<#380#>, <#381#>#tex2html_accent_inline2692#<#381#>, <#382#>#tex2html_accent_inline2693#<#382#>, or <#383#>#tex2html_accent_inline2694#<#383#>. The ;SPMlt;linetype;SPMgt; ;SPMlt;pointtype;SPMgt; are positive integer constants or expressions and specify the line type and point type to be used for the plot. Line type 1 is the first line type used by default, line type 2 is the second line type used by default, etc.

to <#1132#> <#1133#>=.5=1em plots sin(x) with impulses<#1133#><#1134#>#tex2html_accent_inline2699#<#1134#><#1132#> to <#1135#> <#1136#>=.5=1em plots x*y with points, x**2 + y**2 default<#1136#><#1137#>#tex2html_accent_inline2700#<#1137#><#1135#> to <#1138#> <#1139#>=.5=1em plots tan(x) with default function style<#1139#><#1140#>#tex2html_accent_inline2701#<#1140#><#1138#> to <#1141#> <#1142#>=.5=1em plots ``data.1'' with lines<#1142#><#1143#>#tex2html_accent_inline2702#<#1143#><#1141#> to <#1144#> <#1145#>=.5=1em plots ``leastsq.dat'' with impulses<#1145#><#1146#>#tex2html_accent_inline2703#<#1146#><#1144#> to <#1147#> <#1148#>=.5=1em plots ``exper.dat'' with errorbars <#1148#><#1149#>#tex2html_accent_inline2704#<#1149#><#1147#> to <#1150#> <#1151#>=.5=1em lines connecting points<#1151#><#1152#>#tex2html_accent_inline2705#<#1152#><#1150#>

Here 'exper.dat' should have three or four data columns.

to <#1153#> <#1154#>=.5=1em plots x**2 + y**2 and x**2 - y**2 with the same line type<#1154#><#1155#>#tex2html_accent_inline2706#<#1155#><#1153#> to <#1156#> <#1157#>=.5=1em plots sin(x) and cos(x) with linespoints, using<#1157#><#1158#>#tex2html_accent_inline2707#<#1158#><#1156#> to <#1159#> <#1160#>=.5=1em the same line type but different point types<#1160#><#1161#>#tex2html_accent_inline2708#<#1161#><#1159#> to <#1162#> <#1163#>=.5=1em plots file ``data'' with points style 3<#1163#><#1164#>#tex2html_accent_inline2709#<#1164#><#1162#>

Note that the line style must be specified when specifying the point style, even when it is irrelevant. Here the line style is 1 and the point style is 3, and the line style is irrelevant.

See <#406#>#tex2html_accent_inline2710#<#406#> to change the default styles.

<#1165#>#tex2html_accent_inline2711#<#1165#><#1166#>Plot Title<#1166#>

A title of each plot appears in the key. By default the title is the function or file name as it appears on the plot command line. The title can be changed by using the <#408#>#tex2html_accent_inline2712#<#408#> option. This option should precede any <#409#>#tex2html_accent_inline2713#<#409#> option.

to <#1167#> <#1168#>=.5=1em title ;SPMquot;;SPMlt;title;SPMgt;;SPMquot;<#1168#><#1169#>#tex2html_accent_inline2716#<#1169#><#1167#>

where ;SPMlt;title;SPMgt; is the new title of the plot and must be enclosed in quotes. The quotes will not be shown in the key.

to <#1170#> <#1171#>=.5=1em plots y=x with the title 'x'<#1171#><#1172#>#tex2html_accent_inline2719#<#1172#><#1170#> to <#1173#> <#1174#>=.5=1em plots the ``glass.dat'' file<#1174#><#1175#>#tex2html_accent_inline2720#<#1175#><#1173#> to <#1176#> <#1177#>=.5=1em with the title 'revolution surface'<#1177#><#1178#>#tex2html_accent_inline2721#<#1178#><#1176#> to <#1179#> <#1180#>=.5=1em plots x squared with title ``x^2'' and ``data.1''<#1180#><#1181#>#tex2html_accent_inline2722#<#1181#><#1179#> to <#1182#> <#1183#>=.5=1em with title 'measured data'<#1183#><#1184#>#tex2html_accent_inline2723#<#1184#><#1182#>

<#1185#>#tex2html_accent_inline2724#<#1185#><#1186#>Set-Show Commands<#1186#>

=1em to <#1187#> <#1188#>=.5=1em all commands below begin with set<#1188#><#1189#>#tex2html_accent_inline2725#<#1189#><#1187#> to <#1190#> <#1191#>=.5=1em set mapping of polar angles<#1191#><#1192#>#tex2html_accent_inline2726#<#1192#><#1190#> to <#1193#> <#1194#>=.5=1em arrows from point to<#1194#><#1195#>#tex2html_accent_inline2727#<#1195#><#1193#> to <#1196#> <#1197#>=.5=1em <#1197#><#1198#>#tex2html_accent_inline2728#<#1198#><#1196#> to <#1199#> <#1200#>=.5=1em force autoscaling of an axis<#1200#><#1201#>#tex2html_accent_inline2729#<#1201#><#1199#> to <#1202#> <#1203#>=.5=1em enter/exit parametric mode<#1203#><#1204#>#tex2html_accent_inline2730#<#1204#><#1202#> to <#1205#> <#1206#>=.5=1em display border<#1206#><#1207#>#tex2html_accent_inline2731#<#1207#><#1205#> to <#1208#> <#1209#>=.5=1em clip points/line near boundaries<#1209#><#1210#>#tex2html_accent_inline2732#<#1210#><#1208#> to <#1211#> <#1212#>=.5=1em specify parameters for contour plots<#1212#><#1213#>#tex2html_accent_inline2733#<#1213#><#1211#> to <#1214#> <#1215#>=.5=1em enable splot contour plots<#1215#><#1216#>#tex2html_accent_inline2734#<#1216#><#1214#> to <#1217#> <#1218#>=.5=1em default plotting style for data<#1218#><#1219#>#tex2html_accent_inline2735#<#1219#><#1217#> to <#1220#> <#1221#>=.5=1em specify dummy variable<#1221#><#1222#>#tex2html_accent_inline2736#<#1222#><#1220#> to <#1223#> <#1224#>=.5=1em tic-mark label format specification<#1224#><#1225#>#tex2html_accent_inline2737#<#1225#><#1223#> to <#1226#> <#1227#>=.5=1em function plotting style<#1227#><#1228#>#tex2html_accent_inline2738#<#1228#><#1226#> to <#1229#> <#1230#>=.5=1em draw a grid at tick marks<#1230#><#1231#>#tex2html_accent_inline2739#<#1231#><#1229#> to <#1232#> <#1233#>=.5=1em enables hiddenline removal<#1233#><#1234#>#tex2html_accent_inline2740#<#1234#><#1232#> to <#1235#> <#1236#>=.5=1em specify number of isolines<#1236#><#1237#>#tex2html_accent_inline2741#<#1237#><#1235#> to <#1238#> <#1239#>=.5=1em enables key of curves in plot<#1239#><#1240#>#tex2html_accent_inline2742#<#1240#><#1238#> to <#1241#> <#1242#>=.5=1em logscaling of an axes (optionally giving base)<#1242#><#1243#>#tex2html_accent_inline2743#<#1243#><#1241#> to <#1244#> <#1245#>=.5=1em mapping 3D coordinates<#1245#><#1246#>#tex2html_accent_inline2744#<#1246#><#1244#> to <#1247#> <#1248#>=.5=1em offsets from center of graph<#1248#><#1249#>#tex2html_accent_inline2745#<#1249#><#1247#> to <#1250#> <#1251#>=.5=1em mapping 2D coordinates<#1251#><#1252#>#tex2html_accent_inline2746#<#1252#><#1250#> to <#1253#> <#1254#>=.5=1em set radial range<#1254#><#1255#>#tex2html_accent_inline2747#<#1255#><#1253#> to <#1256#> <#1257#>=.5=1em set sampling rate of functions<#1257#><#1258#>#tex2html_accent_inline2748#<#1258#><#1256#> to <#1259#> <#1260#>=.5=1em set scaling factors of plot<#1260#><#1261#>#tex2html_accent_inline2749#<#1261#><#1259#> to <#1262#> <#1263#>=.5=1em control display of isolines of surface<#1263#><#1264#>#tex2html_accent_inline2750#<#1264#><#1262#> to <#1265#> <#1266#>=.5=1em control graphics device<#1266#><#1267#>#tex2html_accent_inline2751#<#1267#><#1265#> to <#1268#> <#1269#>=.5=1em change direction of tics<#1269#><#1270#>#tex2html_accent_inline2752#<#1270#><#1268#> to <#1271#> <#1272#>=.5=1em adjust relative height of vertical axis<#1272#><#1273#>#tex2html_accent_inline2753#<#1273#><#1271#> to <#1274#> <#1275#>=.5=1em turn on time/date stamp<#1275#><#1276#>#tex2html_accent_inline2754#<#1276#><#1274#> to <#1277#> <#1278#>=.5=1em set centered plot title<#1278#><#1279#>#tex2html_accent_inline2755#<#1279#><#1277#> to <#1280#> <#1281#>=.5=1em set parametric range<#1281#><#1282#>#tex2html_accent_inline2756#<#1282#><#1280#> to <#1283#> <#1284#>=.5=1em set surface parametric ranges<#1284#><#1285#>#tex2html_accent_inline2757#<#1285#><#1283#> to <#1286#> <#1287#>=.5=1em sets the view point for <#1289#>#tex2html_accent_inline2758#<#1289#><#1287#><#1288#>#tex2html_accent_inline2759#<#1288#><#1286#> to <#1290#> <#1291#>=.5=1em sets x-axis label<#1291#><#1292#>#tex2html_accent_inline2760#<#1292#><#1290#> to <#1293#> <#1294#>=.5=1em set horizontal range<#1294#><#1295#>#tex2html_accent_inline2761#<#1295#><#1293#> to <#1296#> <#1297#>=.5=1em change horizontal tics<#1297#><#1298#>#tex2html_accent_inline2762#<#1298#><#1296#> to <#1299#> <#1300#>=.5=1em <#1300#><#1301#>#tex2html_accent_inline2763#<#1301#><#1299#> to <#1302#> <#1303#>=.5=1em draw x-axis<#1303#><#1304#>#tex2html_accent_inline2764#<#1304#><#1302#> to <#1305#> <#1306#>=.5=1em sets y-axis label<#1306#><#1307#>#tex2html_accent_inline2765#<#1307#><#1305#> to <#1308#> <#1309#>=.5=1em set vertical range<#1309#><#1310#>#tex2html_accent_inline2766#<#1310#><#1308#> to <#1311#> <#1312#>=.5=1em change vertical tics<#1312#><#1313#>#tex2html_accent_inline2767#<#1313#><#1311#> to <#1314#> <#1315#>=.5=1em <#1315#><#1316#>#tex2html_accent_inline2768#<#1316#><#1314#> to <#1317#> <#1318#>=.5=1em draw y-axis<#1318#><#1319#>#tex2html_accent_inline2769#<#1319#><#1317#> to <#1320#> <#1321#>=.5=1em set default threshold for values near 0<#1321#><#1322#>#tex2html_accent_inline2770#<#1322#><#1320#> to <#1323#> <#1324#>=.5=1em draw axes<#1324#><#1325#>#tex2html_accent_inline2771#<#1325#><#1323#> to <#1326#> <#1327#>=.5=1em sets z-axis label<#1327#><#1328#>#tex2html_accent_inline2772#<#1328#><#1326#> to <#1329#> <#1330#>=.5=1em set vertical range<#1330#><#1331#>#tex2html_accent_inline2773#<#1331#><#1329#> to <#1332#> <#1333#>=.5=1em change vertical tics<#1333#><#1334#>#tex2html_accent_inline2774#<#1334#><#1332#> to <#1335#> <#1336#>=.5=1em <#1336#><#1337#>#tex2html_accent_inline2775#<#1337#><#1335#> to <#1338#> <#1339#>=.5=1em draw z-axis<#1339#><#1340#>#tex2html_accent_inline2776#<#1340#><#1338#> =0em

<#1341#>#tex2html_accent_inline2777#<#1341#><#1342#>Contour Plots<#1342#>Enable contour drawing for surfaces. This option is available for <#526#>#tex2html_accent_inline2778#<#526#> only.

Syntax: set contour { base | surface | both } set nocontour

If no option is provided to <#527#>#tex2html_accent_inline2783#<#527#>, the default is <#528#>#tex2html_accent_inline2784#<#528#>. The three options specify where to draw the contours: <#529#>#tex2html_accent_inline2785#<#529#> draws the contours on the grid base where the x/ytics are placed, <#530#>#tex2html_accent_inline2786#<#530#> draws the contours on the surfaces themselves, and <#531#>#tex2html_accent_inline2787#<#531#> draws the contours on both the base and the surface.

See also <#532#>#tex2html_accent_inline2788#<#532#> for the parameters that affect the drawing of contours.

<#1343#>#tex2html_accent_inline2789#<#1343#><#1344#>Contour Parameters<#1344#>Sets the different parameters for the contouring plot (see also <#534#>#tex2html_accent_inline2790#<#534#>).

to <#1345#> <#1346#>=.5=1em set cntrparam<#1346#><#1347#>#tex2html_accent_inline2791#<#1347#><#1345#> to <#1348#> <#1349#>=.5=1em <#1349#><#1350#>#tex2html_accent_inline2792#<#1350#><#1348#> to <#1351#> <#1352#>=.5=1em <#1352#><#1353#>#tex2html_accent_inline2793#<#1353#><#1351#> to <#1354#> <#1355#>=.5=1em <#1355#><#1356#>#tex2html_accent_inline2794#<#1356#><#1354#> to <#1357#> <#1358#>=.5=1em <#1358#><#1359#>#tex2html_accent_inline2795#<#1359#><#1357#> to <#1360#> <#1361#>=.5=1em <#1361#><#1362#>#tex2html_accent_inline2796#<#1362#><#1360#>

to <#1363#> <#1364#>=.5=1em 5 automatic levels<#1364#><#1365#>#tex2html_accent_inline2797#<#1365#><#1363#> to <#1366#> <#1367#>=.5=1em 3 discrete levels at 10, 37 and 90<#1367#><#1368#>#tex2html_accent_inline2798#<#1368#><#1366#> to <#1369#> <#1370#>=.5=1em 5 incremental levels at 0, .1, .2, .3 and .4<#1370#><#1371#>#tex2html_accent_inline2799#<#1371#><#1369#> to <#1372#> <#1373#>=.5=1em sets n = 10 retaining current setting of auto, incr., or discr.<#1373#><#1374#>#tex2html_accent_inline2800#<#1374#><#1372#> to <#1375#> <#1376#>=.5=1em set start = 100 and increment = 50, retaining old n<#1376#><#1377#>#tex2html_accent_inline2801#<#1377#><#1375#>

This command controls the way contours are plotted. ;SPMlt;n;SPMgt; should be an integral constant expression and ;SPMlt;z1;SPMgt;, ;SPMlt;z2;SPMgt; any constant expressions. The parameters are:

<#557#>#tex2html_accent_inline2808#<#557#>, <#558#>#tex2html_accent_inline2809#<#558#>, <#559#>#tex2html_accent_inline2810#<#559#> - Controls type of approximation or interpolation. If <#560#>#tex2html_accent_inline2811#<#560#>, then the contours are drawn piecewise linear, as extracted from the surface directly. If <#561#>#tex2html_accent_inline2812#<#561#>, then piecewise linear contours are interpolated to form a somewhat smoother contours, but which may undulate. The third option is the uniform <#562#>#tex2html_accent_inline2813#<#562#>, which only approximates the piecewise linear data but is guaranteed to be smoother.

<#563#>#tex2html_accent_inline2814#<#563#> - Eventually all drawings are done with piecewise linear strokes. This number controls the number of points used to approximate a curve. Relevant for <#564#>#tex2html_accent_inline2815#<#564#> and <#565#>#tex2html_accent_inline2816#<#565#> modes only.

<#566#>#tex2html_accent_inline2817#<#566#> - Order of the bspline approximation to be used. The bigger this order is, the smoother the resulting contour. (Of course, higher order bspline curves will move further away from the original piecewise linear data.) This option is relevant for <#567#>#tex2html_accent_inline2818#<#567#> mode only. Allowed values are integers in the range from 2 (linear) to 10.

<#568#>#tex2html_accent_inline2819#<#568#> - Number of contour levels, 'n'. Selection of the levels is controlled by 'auto' (default), 'discrete', and 'incremental'. For 'auto', if the surface is bounded by zmin and zmax then contours will be generated from zmin+dz to zmax-dz in steps of size dz, where dz = (zmax - zmin) / (levels + 1). For 'discrete', contours will be generated at z = z1, z2 ... as specified. The number of discrete levels is limited to MAX_DISCRETE_LEVELS, defined in plot.h to be 30. If 'incremental', contours are generated at ;SPMlt;n;SPMgt; values of z beginning at ;SPMlt;start;SPMgt; and increasing by ;SPMlt;increment;SPMgt;.

<#1378#>#tex2html_accent_inline2826#<#1378#><#1379#>Specifying Labels<#1379#>Arbitrary labels can be placed on the plot using the <#570#>#tex2html_accent_inline2827#<#570#> command. If the z coordinate is given on a <#571#>#tex2html_accent_inline2828#<#571#> it is ignored; if it is missing on a <#572#>#tex2html_accent_inline2829#<#572#> it is assumed to be 0.

to <#1380#> <#1381#>=.5=1em set label { ;SPMlt;tag;SPMgt; }{;SPMquot; ;SPMlt;label_text;SPMgt; ;SPMquot;}<#1381#><#1382#>#tex2html_accent_inline2833#<#1382#><#1380#> to <#1383#> <#1384#>=.5=1em <#1384#><#1385#>#tex2html_accent_inline2834#<#1385#><#1383#> to <#1386#> <#1387#>=.5=1em set nolabel { ;SPMlt;tag;SPMgt; }<#1387#><#1388#>#tex2html_accent_inline2837#<#1388#><#1386#> to <#1389#> <#1390#>=.5=1em show label<#1390#><#1391#>#tex2html_accent_inline2838#<#1391#><#1389#>

The text defaults to '''', and the position to 0,0,0. The ;SPMlt;x;SPMgt;, ;SPMlt;y;SPMgt;, and ;SPMlt;z;SPMgt; values are in the graph's coordinate system. The tag is an integer that is used to identify the label. If no ;SPMlt;tag;SPMgt; is given, the lowest unused tag value is assigned automatically. The tag can be used to delete or change a specific label. To change any attribute of an existing label, use the <#581#>#tex2html_accent_inline2847#<#581#> command with the appropriate tag, and specify the parts of the label to be changed.

By default, the text is placed flush left against the point x,y,z. To adjust the way the label is positioned with respect to the point x,y,z, add the parameter ;SPMlt;justification;SPMgt;, which may be <#582#>#tex2html_accent_inline2850#<#582#>, <#583#>#tex2html_accent_inline2851#<#583#> or <#584#>#tex2html_accent_inline2852#<#584#>, indicating that the point is to be at the left, right or center of the text. Labels outside the plotted boundaries are permitted but may interfere with axes labels or other text.

to <#1392#> <#1393#>=.5=1em label at (1,2) to ``y=x'' <#1393#><#1394#>#tex2html_accent_inline2853#<#1394#><#1392#> to <#1395#> <#1396#>=.5=1em label ``y=x^2'' w right of the text at (2,3,4), <#1396#><#1397#>#tex2html_accent_inline2854#<#1397#><#1395#> to <#1398#> <#1399#>=.5=1em tag the label number 3 <#1399#><#1400#>#tex2html_accent_inline2855#<#1400#><#1398#> to <#1401#> <#1402#>=.5=1em change preceding label to center justification<#1402#><#1403#>#tex2html_accent_inline2856#<#1403#><#1401#> to <#1404#> <#1405#>=.5=1em delete label number 2 <#1405#><#1406#>#tex2html_accent_inline2857#<#1406#><#1404#> to <#1407#> <#1408#>=.5=1em delete all labels<#1408#><#1409#>#tex2html_accent_inline2858#<#1409#><#1407#> to <#1410#> <#1411#>=.5=1em show all labels (in tag order)<#1411#><#1412#>#tex2html_accent_inline2859#<#1412#><#1410#>

(The EEPIC, Imagen, LaTeX, and TPIC drivers allow #math74#\#math75#\ in a string to specify a newline.)

<#1413#>#tex2html_accent_inline2862#<#1413#><#1414#>Miscellaneous Commands<#1414#>

For further information on these commands, print out a copy of the GNUPLOT manual.

to <#1415#> <#1416#>=.5=1em change working directory<#1416#><#1417#>#tex2html_accent_inline2863#<#1417#><#1415#> to <#1418#> <#1419#>=.5=1em erase current screen or device<#1419#><#1420#>#tex2html_accent_inline2864#<#1420#><#1418#> to <#1421#> <#1422#>=.5=1em exit GNUPLOT<#1422#><#1423#>#tex2html_accent_inline2865#<#1423#><#1421#> to <#1424#> <#1425#>=.5=1em display text and wait<#1425#><#1426#>#tex2html_accent_inline2866#<#1426#><#1424#> to <#1427#> <#1428#>=.5=1em print the value of ;SPMlt;expression;SPMgt;<#1428#><#1429#>#tex2html_accent_inline2869#<#1429#><#1427#> to <#1430#> <#1431#>=.5=1em print working directory<#1431#><#1432#>#tex2html_accent_inline2870#<#1432#><#1430#> to <#1433#> <#1434#>=.5=1em repeat last <#1436#>#tex2html_accent_inline2871#<#1436#> or <#1437#>#tex2html_accent_inline2872#<#1437#><#1434#><#1435#>#tex2html_accent_inline2873#<#1435#><#1433#> to <#1438#> <#1439#>=.5=1em spawn an interactive shell<#1439#><#1440#>#tex2html_accent_inline2874#<#1440#><#1438#>

<#1441#>#tex2html_accent_inline2875#<#1441#><#1442#>Environment Variables<#1442#>

A number of shell environment variables are understood by GNUPLOT. None of these are required, but may be useful.

If GNUTERM is defined, it is used as the name of the terminal type to be used. This overrides any terminal type sensed by GNUPLOT on start up, but is itself overridden by the .gnuplot (or equivalent) start-up file (see <#618#>#tex2html_accent_inline2876#<#618#>), and of course by later explicit changes.

On Unix, AmigaDOS, and MS-DOS, GNUHELP may be defined to be the pathname of the HELP file (gnuplot.gih).

On VMS, the symbol GNUPLOT$HELP should be defined as the name of the help library for GNUPLOT.

On Unix, HOME is used as the name of a directory to search for a .gnuplot file if none is found in the current directory. On AmigaDOS and MS-DOS, GNUPLOT is used. On VMS, SYS$LOGIN: is used. See help start-up.

On Unix, PAGER is used as an output filter for help messages.

On Unix and AmigaDOS, SHELL is used for the <#619#>#tex2html_accent_inline2877#<#619#> command. On MS-DOS, COMSPEC is used for the <#620#>#tex2html_accent_inline2878#<#620#> command.

On AmigaDOS, GNUFONT is used for the screen font. For example: ``setenv GNUFONT sapphire/14''.

On MS-DOS, if the BGI interface is used, the variable <#621#>#tex2html_accent_inline2879#<#621#> is used to point to the full path to the BGI drivers directory. Furthermore SVGA is used to name the Super VGA BGI driver in 800x600 res., and its mode of operation as 'Name.Mode'. For example, if the Super VGA driver is C:#math76#\TC#math77#\BGI#math78#\SVGADRV.BGI and mode 3 is used for 800x600 res., then: 'set BGI=C:#math79#\TC#math80#\BGI' and 'set SVGA=SVGADRV.3'.

<#1443#>#tex2html_accent_inline2885#<#1443#><#1444#>Expressions<#1444#>In general, any mathematical expression accepted by C, FORTRAN, Pascal, or BASIC is valid. The precedence of these operators is determined by the specifications of the C programming language. White space (spaces and tabs) is ignored inside expressions.

Complex constants may be expressed as { ;SPMlt;real;SPMgt; , ;SPMlt;imag;SPMgt; }, where ;SPMlt;real;SPMgt; and ;SPMlt;imag;SPMgt; must be numerical constants. For example, {3, 2} represents 3 + 2<#623#>#tex2html_accent_inline2894#<#623#> and {0, 1} represents <#624#>#tex2html_accent_inline2896#<#624#> itself. The curly braces are explicitly required here.

<#1445#>#tex2html_accent_inline2897#<#1445#><#1446#>Functions<#1446#>The functions in GNUPLOT are the same as the corresponding functions in the Unix math library, except that all functions accept integer, real, and complex arguments, unless otherwise noted. The <#626#>#tex2html_accent_inline2898#<#626#> function is also supported, as in BASIC.

5 Function ;SPMamp; Arguments ;SPMamp; Returns