Submitted-by: dyson@iowasp.physics.uiowa.edu (Rick Dyson) Posting-number: Volume 3, Issue 239 Archive-name: xv-2-21_vms_changes/part07 Supersedes: xv-2-21_vms_changes: Volume 2, Issue 83-86
-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ START OF PART 7 -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Xthe`20suffix`20portion`20of`20your`20filename`20will`20be`20replaced`20with V`20the`20new, Xappropriate`20suffix`20for`20the`20selected`20format. X XYou`20can`20pipe`20output`20from`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xto`20other`20programs`20by`20using`20the`20X`20xv`20save`20Xwindow.`20`20If`20the`20first`20character`20of`20the`20specified`20filename V`20 Xis`20'!'`20or`20'`7C',`20the`20rest`20of`20the`20filename`20is`20interpreted V`20as`20a`20command`20to`20pipe Xthe`20output`20to,`20in`20the`20currently`20selected`20image`20format. XA`20fine`20use`20for`20this`20feature`20is`20directly`20printing`20images`20to V`20a XPostScript`20printer`20by`20selecting`20'PostScript'`20in`20the`20formats`20li Vst,`20and Xtyping`20something`20like`20`60`60`7C`20lpr''`20as`20the`20filename.`20`20In V`20this`20case,`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwill Xcreate`20a`20temporary`20file,`20write`20the`20PostScript`20to`20that`20file, V`20and`20cat Xthe`20contents`20of`20that`20file`20to`20the`20entered`20command.`20`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwill`20wait`20for Xthe`20command`20to`20complete.`20`20If`20the`20command`20completed`20successfu Vlly,`20the XX`20xv`20save`20Xwindow`20will`20disappear.`20`20If`20the`20command`20was`20unsuccessful,`20the V Xwindow`20will`20remain`20visible.`20`20In`20any`20event,`20the`20temporary`20f Vile`20will`20be Xdeleted. X XThere`20is`20a`20'Save`20at`20normal`20size'`20checkbox.`20`20Normally,`20when V`20you`20 Xsave`20an`20image,`20it`20will`20be`20saved`20at`20the`20current`20expansion V`20(ie, Xone`20screen`20pixel`20will`20map`20to`20one`20image`20pixel`20in`20the`20save Vd`20file.`20`20 XSometimes,`20however,`20it`20is`20desirable`20to`20save`20an`20image`20at`20it Vs`20original`20size. XThis`20is`20most`20relevant`20when`20you're`20viewing`20images`20larger`20than V`20your Xscreen.`20`20By`20default,`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwill`20automatically`20shrink`20images Xso`20that`20they`20fit`20on`20the`20screen.`20`20If`20you`20save`20these`20ima Vges,`20you'll Xfind`20that`20you've`20lost`20a`20lot`20of`20data,`20that`20maybe`20you`20want Ved`20to`20keep. XThat's`20what`20this`20checkbox`20is`20here`20for.`20`20Note:`20`20certain`20o Vperations, Xsuch`20as`20X`20Smooth`20Xand`20X`20Dither`20Xonly`20affect`20the`20displayed`20image. XIf`20you`20choose`20to`20save`20an`20image`20at`20its`20normal`20size,`20these V`20effects`20will`20not`20 Xbe`20in`20the`20saved`20image. X XAt`20the`20bottom`20right`20side`20of`20the`20window`20there`20is`20a`20list V`20of`20possible X'Color'`20variations`20to`20save.`20`20Most`20file`20formats`20support`20diffe Vrent X'sub-formats'`20for`2024–bit`20color,`208–bit`20greyscale,`201–bit`20B/W V`20stippled, X`7B`20etc.`7D`20`20Not`20all`20of`20them`20do.`20`20Likewise,`20not`20all V`20'Color'`20choices`20are Xavailable`20in`20all`20formats. X XIn`20general,`20the`20'Color'`20choices`20do`20the`20following: X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7BX`20Full`20ColorX`7D`7D XSaves`20the`20image`20as`20currently`20shown`20with`20all`20color`20modificati Vons, Xcropping,`20rotation,`20flipping,`20resizing,`20and`20smoothing.`20`20The`20im Vage`20will Xbe`20saved`20with`20all`20of`20its`20colors,`20even`20if`20you`20weren't`20abl Ve`20to`20display Xthem`20all`20on`20your`20screen.`20`20For`20example,`20you`20can`20load`20a V`20color`20image`20on`20a X1–bit`20B/W`20display,`20modify`20it,`20and`20write`20it`20back.`20`20The`20s Vaved`20image`20will Xstill`20be`20full`20color,`20even`20though`20all`20you`20could`20see`20on`20yo Vur`20screen`20was Xsome`20B/W-dithered`20nightmare. X X`7B`7BX`20GreyscaleX`7D`7D XLike`20Full`20Color,`20but`20saves`20the`20image`20in`20a`20greyscale`20format V. X X`7B`7BX`20B/W2̀0DitheredX`7D`7D XLike`20Full`20Color,`20but`20before`20saving`20the`20image`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xgenerates`20a X1–bit-per-pixel,`20black-and-white`20dithered`20version`20of`20the`20image, V`20and Xsaves`20that,`20instead. X X`7B`7BX`20Reduced2̀0ColorX`7D`7D XSaves`20the`20image`20as`20currently`20shown,`20with`20all`20color`20modificat Vions, Xcropping,`20rotation,`20flipping,`20resizing,`20and`20smoothing.`20`20The`20im Vage`20will Xbe`20saved`20as`20shown`20on`20the`20screen,`20with`20as`20many`20or`20few`20c Volors`20as`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwas Xable`20to`20use`20on`20the`20display.`20`20The`20major`20purpose`20of`20this V`20is`20to`20allow Xspecial`20effects`20(color`20reduction)`20to`20be`20saved,`20in`20conjunction V`20with`20the X'–ncols'`20command`20line`20option.`20`20You`20will`20probably`20never`20need V`20to`20use Xthis. X7BIPlist`7D X X XFormat`20notes: X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7BX`20GIFX`7D`7D XWhile`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xcan`20read`20both`20the`20GIF87a`20and`20GIF89a`20formats,`20it`20will`20only Xwrite`20GIF87a.`20`20This`20is`20in`20keeping`20with`20the`20GIF89`20specifica Vtion,`20which Xstates`20that`20if`20you`20don't`20need`20any`20of`20the`20features`20added V`20in`20GIF89 X(which`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xdoesn't),`20you`20should`20continue`20to`20write`20GIF87,`20for`20greater Xcompatibility`20with`20old`20GIF87-only`20readers. X XSince`20GIF`20only`20supports`20one`20format`20(up`20to`208`20bits`20per`20pix Vel,`20with`20a Xcolormap),`20there`20will`20be`20no`20size`20difference`20between`20a`20Full V`20Color`20and`20a XGreyscale`20image.`20`20A`20B/W`20Dithered`20image,`20on`20the`20other`20hand, V`20will`20be Xconsiderably`20smaller. X X`7B`7BX`20PMX`7D`7D XFull`20Color`20images`20are`20saved`20in`20the`203–plane,`201–band,`20PM_C V`20format. XGreyscale`20and`20B/W`20Dithered`20images`20are`20both`20saved`20in`20the`201- V-plane, X1–band,`20PM_C`20format.`20`20As`20such,`20there`20is`20no`20size`20advantag Ve`20to`20saving`20in Xthe`20B/W`20Dithered`20format. X X`7B`7BX`20PBM2̀0(raw)X`7D`7D XFull`20Color`20images`20are`20saved`20in`20PPM`20format.`20`20Greyscale`20imag Ves`20are`20saved Xin`20PGM`20format.`20`20B/W`20Dithered`20images`20are`20saved`20in`20PBM`20for Vmat.`20`20Each`20of Xthese`20formats`20are`20tailored`20to`20the`20data`20that`20they`20save,`20so V`20PPM`20images Xare`20larger`20than`20PGM`20images,`20which`20are`20in`20turn`20larger`20than V`20PBM`20images. X XIn`20the`20raw`20variation`20of`20the`20PBM`20formats,`20the`20header`20inform Vation`20is Xwritten`20in`20plain`20ASCII`20text,`20and`20the`20image`20data`20is`20written V`20as`20binary Xdata.`20`20This`20is`20the`20more`20popular`20of`20the`20two`20dialects`20of V`20PBM. X X7BIPlist`7D X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7BX`20PBM2̀0(ascii)X`7D`7D XLike`20PBM`20(raw),`20only`20the`20image`20data`20is`20written`20as`20ASCII V`20text.`20`20As Xsuch,`20images`20written`20in`20this`20format`20will`20be`20several`20times V`20larger`20than Ximages`20written`20in`20PBM`20(raw).`20`20This`20is`20a`20pretty`20good`20form Vat`20for Xinterchange`20between`20systems`20because`20it`20is`20easy`20to`20parse.`20 V`20Also,`20since Xthey`20are`20pure,`20printable`20ASCII`20text,`20images`20saved`20in`20this V`20format`20can Xbe`20mailed,`20without`20going`20through`20a`20X`20uuencodeX-like`20program. X XNote`20that`20X`20xvX-produced`20PBM`20files`20may`20break`20some`20PBM`20readers`20that`20do`20not V Xcorrectly`20parse`20comments.`20`20If`20your`20PBM`20reader`20cannot`20parse V`20comments, Xyou`20can`20easily`20edit`20the`20PBM`20file`20and`20remove`20the`20comment V`20lines.`20`20A Xcomment`20is`20everything`20from`20a`20`60`60#''`20character`20to`20the`20end V`20of`20the`20line. X X`7B`7BX`20X112̀0BitmapX`7D`7D XSaves`20files`20in`20the`20format`20used`20by`20the`20X`20bitmap`20Xprogram,`20which`20is`20part Xof`20the`20standard`20X11`20distribution.`20`20Since`20bitmap`20files`20are V`20inherently X1–bit`20per`20pixel,`20you`20can`20only`20select`20the`20B/W`20Dithered`20opt Vion`20for`20this Xformat. X X`7B`7BX`20Sun2̀0RasterfileX`7D`7D XFull/Reduced`20Color`20images`20are`20stored`20in`20a`2024–bit`20RGB`20format V,`20Greyscale Ximages`20are`20stored`20in`20an`208–bit`20greyscale`20format,`20and`20B/W`20D Vithered Ximages`20are`20stored`20in`20a`201–bit`20B/W`20format. X X`7B`7BX`20PostScriptX`7D`7D XFull/Reduced`20Color`20images`20are`20stored`20in`20a`2024–bit`20RGB`20format V,`20Greyscale Ximages`20are`20stored`20in`20an`208–bit`20greyscale`20format,`20and`20B/W`20D Vithered Ximages`20are`20stored`20in`20a`201–bit`20B/W`20format. X XX`7B`20xv`7D Xwrites`20Encapsulated`20PostScript,`20so`20you`20can`20incorporate`20 XX`20xvX-generated XPostScript`20into`20many`20desktop-publishing`20programs.`20`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xalso`20prepends Xsome`20color-to-greyscale`20code,`20so`20even`20if`20your`20printer`20doesn't V`20support Xcolor,`20you`20can`20still`20print`20'color'`20PostScript`20images.`20`20These V`20images Xwill`20be`20three`20times`20larger`20(in`20file`20size)`20than`20their`20greys Vcale Xcounterparts,`20so`20it's`20a`20good`20idea`20to`20save`20Greyscale`20PostScri Vpt,`20unless Xyou`20know`20you`20may`20be`20printing`20the`20file`20on`20a`20color`20printer V`20at`20some Xpoint. X XAlso,`20you`20should`20probably`20never`20need`20to`20generate`20B/W`20Dithere Vd XPostScript,`20as`20every`20PostScript`20printer`20I've`20ever`20heard`20of`20c Van`20print Xgreyscale`20images.`20`20The`20only`20valid`20cases`20I`20can`20think`20of`20a Vre:`20A)`20doing Xit`20for`20a`20special`20effect,`20and`20B)`20doing`20it`20to`20generate`20a V`20much`20smaller X(roughly`201/8th`20the`20size)`20PostScript`20file. X XNote:`20When`20you`20try`20to`20save`20a`20PostScript`20file,`20the`20X`20xv`20postscript`20Xwindow Xwill`20pop`20up`20to`20let`20you`20specify`20how`20you`20want`20the`20image V`20printed.`20`20(See X`60`60Section`208:`20The`20PostScript`20Window'',`20for`20details.) X X`7B`7BX`20JPEGX`7D`7D XX`7B`20xv`7D Xwrites`20files`20in`20the`20JFIF`20format`20created`20by`20the`20Independent V`20JPEG XGroup.`20`20Full/Reduced`20Color`20images`20are`20written`20in`20a`2024–bit V`20RGB`20format, Xand`20Greyscale`20images`20are`20written`20in`20an`208–bit`20greyscale`20form Vat.`20`20B/W XDithered`20images`20should`20not`20be`20used,`20as`20they`20will`20probably V`20wind`20up Xbeing`20larger`20than`20Greyscale`20versions`20of`20the`20same`20images,`20due V`20to`20the Xway`20JPEG`20works.`20`20Note:`20`20You`20cannot`20write`20Reduced`20Color`20J VPEG`20files.`20`20If Xyou`20attempt`20to,`20a`20Full`20Color`20JPEG`20file`20will`20be`20saved. X XWhen`20you`20save`20in`20the`20JPEG`20format,`20a`20dialog`20box`20will`20pop V`20up`20and`20ask`20you Xfor`20a`20quality`20setting.`20`20'75%'`20is`20the`20default`20value,`20and V`20really,`20it's`20a Xfine`20value.`20`20You`20shouldn't`20have`20to`20change`20it`20unless`20you're V Xspecifically`20trying`20to`20trade`20off`20quality`20for`20compression,`20or V`20vice Xversa.`20`20The`20useful`20range`20of`20values`20is`205%–95%. X X`7B`7BX`20TIFFX`7D`7D XFull/Reduced`20Color`20images`20are`20written`20in`20a`2024–bit`20RGB`20forma Vt,`20Greyscale`20images Xare`20written`20in`20an`208–bit`20greyscale`20format,`20and`20B/W`20Dithered V`20images`20are`20written`20 Xin`20a`201–bit`20B/W`20format. X XWhen`20you`20save`20in`20the`20TIFF`20format,`20a`20dialog`20box`20will`20pop V`20up`20and`20ask`20you Xwhich`20type`20of`20image`20compression`20it`20should`20use.`20`20X`20NoneX,`20X`20LZWX, Xand`20X`20PackBits`20Xcompression`20types`20are`20available`20for`20Full/Reduced XColor,`20Greyscale,`20and`20B/W`20Dithered`20modes.`20`20In`20addition,`20ther Ve`20are`20two XB/W`20Dithered-only`20algorithms,`20X`20CCITT`20Group3`20Xand`20X`20CCITT XGroup4X. X X7BIPlist`7D X X`7BSECTION`208:`20`20THE`20POSTSCRIPT`20WINDOW`7D X XThe`20X`20xv`20postscript`20Xwindow`20lets`20you`20describe`20how`20your`20image`20should`20look Xwhen`20printed.`20`20You`20can`20set`20the`20paper`20size`20and`20the`20image V`20size,`20position Xthe`20image`20on`20the`20paper,`20and`20print`20in`20'portrait'`20or`20'landsc Vape'`20mode. X XThe`20majority`20of`20the`20X`20xv`20postscript`20Xwindow`20is`20taken`20up`20by`20a`20window`20that Xshows`20a`20white`20rectangle`20(the`20page)`20with`20a`20black`20rectangle V`20(the`20image) Xpositioned`20on`20it.`20`20You`20can`20position`20the`20image`20rectangle`20an Vywhere`20on Xthe`20page.`20`20The`20only`20constraint`20is`20that`20the`20center`20of`20the V`20image`20(where Xthe`20two`20diagonal`20lines`20meet)`20must`20remain`20on`20the`20page.`20`20O Vnly`20the Xportion`20of`20the`20image`20that`20is`20on`20the`20page`20will`20actually`20b Ve`20printed. X XThe`20image`20can`20be`20(roughly)`20positioned`20on`20the`20page`20by`20click Ving`20in`20the Ximage`20rectangle`20and`20dragging`20it`20around.`20`20As`20you`20move`20the V`20image,`20the X`60`60Top''`20and`20`60`60Left''`20position`20displays`20will`20show`20the`20s Vize`20of`20the`20top`20and Xleft`20margins`20(the`20distance`20between`20the`20top-left`20corner`20of`20th Ve`20page`20and Xthe`20top-left`20corner`20of`20the`20image). X XYou'll`20note`20that`20you`20have`20limited`20placement`20resolution`20with V`20the`20mouse. XIf`20you`20want`20to`20fine-position`20the`20image,`20you`20can`20use`20the V`20arrow`20keys`20to Xmove`20the`20image`20around.`20`20The`20arrow`20keys`20will`20move`20the`20ima Vge`20in`20.001" Xincrements.`20`20You`20can`20hold`20them`20down,`20and`20they`20will`20auto-re Vpeat.`20`20You Xcan`20also`20hold`20a`20<shift>`20key`20down`20while`20using`20the`20arrow V`20keys.`20`20This Xwill`20move`20the`20image`20in`20.01"`20increments. X XYou`20can`20change`20the`20size`20of`20the`20printed`20image`20by`20adjusting V`20the`20`60`60Width'' Xor`20`60`60Height''`20dials.`20`20Normally,`20the`20dials`20are`20locked`20tog Vether,`20to`20keep Xthe`20aspect`20ratio`20of`20the`20image`20constant.`20`20You`20can`20unlock V`20the`20dials`20by Xturning`20the`20off`20the`20checkbox`20located`20below`20the`20dials.`20`20As V`20you`20change Xthe`20dials,`20the`20size`20of`20the`20image`20(when`20printed)`20is`20display Ved`20below,`20in Xinches`20and`20in`20millimeters.`20`20The`20current`20resolution`20of`20the V`20image`20is Xalso`20displayed`20below.`20`20The`20`60`60Resolution''`20numbers`20tell`20you V`20how`20many Ximage`20pixels`20will`20be`20printed`20per`20inch. X XLocated`20below`20the`20'page'`20rectangle`20are`20a`20set`20of`20radio`20butt Vons`20that`20let Xyou`20specify`20the`20current`20paper`20size`20(8.5"`20x`2011",`208.5"`20x`201 V4",`2011"`20x`2017", XA4,`20B5,`204"x5",`20and`2035mm),`20and`20orientation`20(Portrait`20and`20Land Vscape). X XThe`20Center`20button`20will`20center`20the`20image`20on`20the`20page.`20`20Th Ve`20Maxpect Xbutton`20will`20make`20the`20image`20as`20large`20as`20possible`20(maintaining V`20half-inch Xmargins`20on`20all`20sides)`20without`20changing`20the`20aspect`20ratio. X XThere`20are`20a`20pair`20of`20small`20buttons`20located`20next`20to`20the`20 V`60`60Left''`20and X`60`60Top''`20displays.`20`20Clicking`20the`20`60`60Left''`20one`20will`20cycl Ve`20between Xdisplaying`20the`20`60`60Left''`20margin,`20the`20`60`60Right''`20margin,`20an Vd`20the`20`60`60Center XX''`20position`20(the`20distance`20from`20the`20left`20edge`20of`20the`20paper V`20to`20the`20center Xof`20the`20image). X XClicking`20the`20`60`60Top''`20display's`20button`20will`20cycle`20between`20d Visplaying`20the Xsize`20of`20the`20`60`60Top''`20margin,`20the`20size`20of`20the`20`60`60Bottom V''`20margin,`20and`20the X`60`60Center`20Y''`20position`20(the`20distance`20from`20the`20top`20edge`20of V`20the`20paper`20to Xthe`20center`20of`20the`20image). X XAt`20the`20top`20of`20the`20X`20xv`20postscript`20Xwindow`20are`20a`20pair`20of`20checkboxes. XThe`20`60`60preview''`20checkbox`20lets`20you`20specify`20whether`20or`20not V`20to`20include`20a`20b/w`20 Xpreview`20of`20the`20image`20in`20the`20PostScript`20file.`20`20Certain`20desk Vtop Xpublishing`20programs`20may`20make`20use`20of`20such`20a`20preview. X XThe`20'compress'`20checkbox`20lets`20you`20specify`20whether`20or`20not`20to V`20generate`20compressed X8–bit`20PostScript.`20`20This`20is`20particularly`20handy`20if`20you're`20gen Verating Xcolor`20PostScript`20as`20color`20PostScript`20files`20are`20normally`20three V`20times Xlarger`20than`20their`20greyscale`20counterparts.`20`20Compression`20can`20shr Vink`20these Xcolor`20PostsScript`20files`20by`20a`20factor`20of`204:1.`20`20It`20has`20a V`20lesser`20effect`20on`20 Xgreyscale`20images.`20`20It`20should`20be`20noted,`20however,`20that`20compres Vsed`20PostScript Xfiles`20may`20take`202–3`20times`20longer`20to`20print`20than`20uncompressed V`20PostScript`20files.`20`20 XHowever,`20if`20you`20are`20connected`20to`20your`20laser`20printer`20via`20a V`20slow`209600`20baud Xserial`20line,`20the`20decreased`20transmission`20time`20due`20to`20compressed V`20data`20may Xmore`20than`20make`20up`20for`20the`20increased`20execution`20time.`20`20You'l Vl`20have`20to`20decide Xfor`20yourself. X XClick`20the`20`60`60Ok''`20button`20when`20you're`20finished`20with`20the`20X`20xv Xpostscript`20Xwindow.`20`20If`20everything`20is`20successful,`20the`20X`20xv Xpostscript`20Xand`20the`20X`20xv`20save`20Xwindow`20will`20both`20close.`20`20If XX`7B`20xv`7D Xwas`20unable`20to`20write`20the`20PostScript`20file,`20the`20X`20xv`20postscript`20Xwindow`20will`20close,`20but`20the`20X`20xv`20save`20Xwindow`20will`20remain`20open,`20to`20give Xyou`20a`20chance`20to`20enter`20a`20different`20filename. X X`7BSECTION`209:`20`20MODIFYING`20XV`20BEHAVIOR`7D X XX`7B`20xv`7D Xsupports`20literally`20dozens`20of`20command`20line`20options`20and`20X11 Xresources.`20`20Fortunately,`20it`20is`20doubtful`20that`20you'll`20ever`20nee Vd`20to`20use Xmore`20than`20a`20small`20few.`20`20The`20rest`20are`20provided`20mainly`20for V`20that`20'one Xspecial`20case'`20application`20of`20`7B`20xv`7D`20… X X`7BSection`209.1:`20`20Command`20Line`20Options`20Overview`7D X XIf`20you`20start`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwith`20the`20command`20'xv`20–help',`20the`20current`20list`20of Xoptions`20will`20be`20displayed: X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7B`7D`7D Xxv`20`5B–`5D`20`5B–2xlimit`5D`20`5B–aspect`20X`20w:hX`5D`20`5B–bg`20X`20colorX`5D`20`5B–black`20X`20colorX`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–bw`20X`20widthX`5D`20`5B–cegeometry`20X`20geomX`5D`20`5B–cemap`5D`20`5B–cgeometry`20X`20geomX`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–clear`5D`20`5B–cmap`5D`20`5B–cursor`20X`20char#X`5D`20`5B–DEBUG`20X`20levelX`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–display`20X`20dispX`5D`20`5B–dither`5D`20`5B–expand`20X`20expX`5D`20`5B–fg`20X`20colorX`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–fixed`5D`20`5B–geometry`20X`20geomX`5D`20`5B–help`5D`20`5B–hi`20X`20colorX`5D`20`5B–hsv`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–igeometry`20X`20geomX`5D`20`5B–imap`5D`20`5B–keeparound`5D`20`5B–lo`20X`20colorX`5D`20`5B–max`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–maxpect`5D`20`5B–mono`5D`20`5B–ncols`20X`20ncX`5D`20`5B–nglobal`5D`20`5B–ninstall`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–nopos`5D`20`5B–noqcheck`5D`20`5B–owncmap`5D`20`5B–perfect`5D`20`5B–qu Vit`5D`20`5B–rbg`20X`20colorX`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–rfg`20`7B`20color`7D`5D`20`5B–rgb`5D`20`5B–rmode`20`7B`20mode`7D V`5D`20`5B–root`5D`20`5B–rw`5D`20`5B–slow24`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–smooth`5D`20`5B–visual`20`7B`20type`7D`5D`20`5B–wait`20`7B`20seco Vnds`7D`5D`20`5B–white`20`7B`20color`7D`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–wloop`5D`20`5B–noresetroot`5D`20`5B–browse`5D`20`5B–nostat`5D`20`5B–b Vest24`5D`20`5B–quick24`5D X`7B0.5em`7D X`5B–cecmap`5D`20`5B–crop`5D`20`5B–rv`5D`20`5B–nolimits`5D`20`5B–loadclear V`5D`20`5Bfilename`20…`5D X7BIPlist`7D X X`7BSection`209.2:`20`20General`20Options`7D X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7B–help`7D`7D XPrint`20usage`20instructions,`20listing`20the`20current`20available`20command- Vline Xoptions.`20`20Any`20unrecognized`20option`20will`20do`20this`20as`20well. X X`7B`7B–display2̀0X`20dispX`7D`7D XSpecifies`20the`20display`20that`20`7B`20xv`7D`20should`20attempt`20to`20co Vnnect`20to.`20`20If`20you Xdon't`20specify`20a`20display,`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwill`20use`20the`20environment`20variable`20`7B`20$DISPLAY`7D. X X`7B`7B–fg2̀0X`20colorX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0foreground2̀0X`7B`20string`7D)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20foreground`20color`20used`20by`20the`20windows. X X`7B`7B–bg2̀0X`20colorX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0background2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20background`20color`20used`20by`20the`20windows. X X`7B`7B–hi2̀0X`20colorX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0highlight2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20highlight`20color`20used`20for`20the`20top-left`20edges`20of`20th Ve`20control Xbuttons. X X`7B`7B–lo2̀0X`20colorX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0lowlight2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20lowlight`20color`20used`20for`20the`20bottom-right`20edges`20of V`20the`20control Xbuttons,`20and`20also`20the`20background`20of`20some`20windows. X X`7B`7B–bw2̀0X`20bwidthX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0borderWidth2̀0X`20integerX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20width`20of`20the`20border`20on`20the`20windows.`20`20Your`20windo Vw`20manager`20may Xchoose`20to`20ignore`20this,`20however. X X7BIPlist`7D X X`7BSection`209.3:`20`20Image`20Sizing`20Options`7D X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7B–geometry`20`7B`20geom`7D`20`20(Resource`20name:`20geometry V`20`7B`20string`7D)`7D`7D XLets`20you`20specify`20the`20size`20and`20placement`20of`20the`20'image'`20win Vdow.`20`20It's`20most Xuseful`20when`20you`20only`20specify`20a`20position,`20and`20let`20`7B`20xv V`7D`20choose`20the Xsize.`20`20If`20you`20specify`20a`20size`20as`20well,`20`7B`20xv`7D`20will V`20create`20a`20window`20of Xthat`20size,`20unless`20–fixed`20is`20specified.`20`20The`20geom`20argument V`20is`20in`20the`20form Xof`20a`20normal`20X`20geometry`20string`20(`7B`20e.g.`7D`20`60`60300x240'' V`20or`20`60`60+10+10''`20or X`60`60400x300+10+10''). X X`7B`7B–fixed`20`20(Resource`20name:`20fixed`20`7B`20boolean`7D)`7D V`7D XOnly`20used`20in`20conjunction`20with`20the`20–geometry`20option.`20`20If`20y Vou`20specify`20a Xwindow`20size`20with`20the`20–geometry`20option,`20`7B`20xv`7D`20will`20no Vrmally`20stretch Xthe`20picture`20to`20exactly`20that`20size.`20`20This`20is`20not`20always`20de Vsirable,`20as`20it Xmay`20seriously`20distort`20the`20aspect`20ratio`20of`20the`20picture.`20`20Sp Vecifying`20the X–fixed`20option`20corrects`20this`20behavior`20by`20instructing`20`7B`20xv V`7D`20to`20use`20the Xspecified`20geometry`20size`20as`20a`20maximum`20window`20size.`20`20It`20will V,`20however, Xpreserve`20the`20original`20aspect`20ratio`20of`20the`20picture. X XFor`20example,`20if`20you`20give`20a`20rectangular`20geometry`20of`20'320x240' V,`20and`20you`20try Xto`20display`20a`20square`20picture`20with`20a`20size`20of`20'256x256',`20the V`20window`20opened Xwill`20actually`20be`20'240x240',`20which`20is`20the`20largest`20square`20that V`20still`20fits Xin`20the`20'320x240'`20rectangle`20that`20was`20specified. X X`7B`7B–expand`20`7B`20exp`7D`20`20`20(Resource`20name:`20expand`20 V`7B`20floating-point`7D)`7D`7D XLets`20you`20specify`20an`20initial`20expansion`20or`20compression`20factor V`20for`20the Xpicture.`20`20You`20can`20specify`20floating-point`20values.`20`20Values`20lar Vger`20than`20zero Xmultiply`20the`20picture's`20dimensions`20by`20the`20given`20factor.`20`20( V`7B`20i.e.`7D,`20an Xexpand`20factor`20of`20'3'`20will`20make`20a`20320x200`20image`20display`20as V`20960x600). X XFactors`20less`20than`20zero`20are`20treated`20as`20reciprocals.`20`20(`7BV`20i.e.`7D,`20an Xexpand`20factor`20of`20'–4'`20makes`20the`20picture`201/4th`20its`20normal V`20size.).`20`20'0'`20is Xnot`20a`20valid`20expansion`20factor. X X`7B`7B–aspect`20`7B`20w:h`7D`20`20(Resource`20name:`20aspect`20`7B Vit`20string`7D)`7D`7D XLets`20you`20set`20an`20initial`20aspect`20ratio,`20and`20also`20sets`20the V`20value`20used`20by`20the X`7B`20Aspect`7D`20control.`20`20The`20aspect`20ratio`20of`20nearly`20every V`20X`20display`20(and, Xin`20fact,`20any`20civilized`20graphics`20display)`20is`201:1.`20`20What`20thi Vs`20means`20is`20that Xpixels`20appear`20to`20be`20'square'.`20`20A`20100`20pixel`20wide`20by`20100 V`20pixel`20high`20box Xwill`20appear`20on`20the`20screen`20as`20a`20square.`20`20Unfortunately,`20thi Vs`20is`20not`20the Xcase`20with`20some`20screens`20and`20digitizers.`20`20The`20–aspect`20option V`20lets`20you Xstretch`20the`20picture`20so`20that`20the`20picture`20appears`20correctly`20on V`20your Xdisplay.`20`20Unlike`20the`20other`20size-related`20options,`20this`20one`20do Vesn't`20care Xwhat`20the`20size`20of`20the`20overall`20picture`20is.`20`20It`20operates`20on V`20a`20pixel-by-pixel Xbasis,`20stretching`20each`20image`20pixel`20slightly,`20in`20either`20width V`20or`20height, Xdepending`20on`20the`20ratio. X XAspect`20ratios`20greater`20than`20'1:1'`20(`7B`20e.g.`7D,`20'4:3')`20make V`20the`20picture`20wider Xthan`20normal.`20`20Aspect`20ratios`20less`20than`20'1:1'`20(`7B`20e.g.`7D V`20'2:3')`20make`20the Xpicture`20taller`20than`20normal.`20`20(Useful`20aspect`20ratio:`20A`20512x480 V`20image Xthat`20was`20supposed`20to`20fill`20a`20standard`204x3`20video`20screen`20(pro Vduced`20by Xmany`20video`20digitizers)`20should`20be`20displayed`20with`20an`20aspect`20ra Vtio`20of`20'5:4') X X7BIPlist`7D X X`7BSection`209.4:`20`20Color`20Allocation`20Options`7D X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7B–ncols2̀0X`20ncX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0ncols2̀0X`20integerX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20maximum`20number`20of`20colors`20that`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwill`20use.`20`20Normally,`20this`20is Xset`20to`20'as`20many`20as`20it`20can`20get'.`20`20However,`20you`20can`20set V`20this`20to`20smaller Xvalues`20for`20interesting`20effect.`20`20Most`20notably,`20if`20you`20set`20i Vt`20to`20'0',`20it Xwill`20display`20the`20picture`20by`20dithering`20with`20'black'`20and`20'whit Ve'.`20`20(The Xactual`20colors`20used`20can`20be`20set`20by`20the`20–black`20and`20–white V`20options, Xbelow.) X X`7B`7B–nglobal`20`20(Resource`20name:`20nglobal`20`7B`20boolean`7D) V`7D`7D XAdjusts`20the`20way`20the`20program`20behaves`20when`20it`20is`20unable`20to V`20get`20all`20the Xcolors`20it`20requested.`20`20Normally,`20it`20will`20search`20the`20display's V`20default Xcolormap,`20and`20'borrow'`20any`20colors`20it`20deems`20appropriate.`20`20The Vse Xborrowed`20colors`20are,`20however,`20not`20owned`20by X`7B`20xv`7D,`20and`20as`20such,`20can Xchanged`20without`20X`7B`20xv's`7D`20permission,`20or`20knowledge.`20`20If`20this`20happens,`20t Vhe Xdisplayed`20picture`20will`20change,`20in`20a`20less-than-desirable`20directio Vn.`20`20If Xyou`20specify`20the`20–nglobal`20option,`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwill`20not`20use`20'global'`20colors.`20`20It Xwill`20only`20use`20colors`20that`20it`20successfully`20allocated,`20which`20m Vakes`20it Ximmune`20to`20any`20color`20changes. X XIt`20should`20be`20noted`20that`20'use`20global`20colors'`20is`20the`20default V`20because Xcolor`20changes`20aren't`20generally`20a`20problem`20if`20you`20are`20only`20u Vsing`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xto Xdisplay`20a`20picture`20for`20a`20short`20time.`20`20Color`20changes`20only V`20really`20become Xa`20problem`20if`20you`20use`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xto`20display`20a`20picture`20that`20you`20will`20be`20keeping Xaround`20for`20a`20while,`20while`20you`20go`20and`20do`20some`20other`20work V`20(such`20as`20using XX`7B`20xv`7D Xto`20display`20a`20background).`20`20In`20such`20cases`20you`20will`20want`20t Vo`20specify X–nglobal.`20`20Note:`20using`20the`20–ncols`20or`20–root`20options`20automa Vtically`20turn Xon`20–nglobal. X X`7B`7B–rw2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0rwColor2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XTells`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xto`20use`20read/write`20color`20cells.`20`20Normally, X`7B`20xv`7D Xallocates`20colors Xread-only,`20which`20allows`20it`20to`20share`20colors`20with`20other`20progra Vms.`20`20If Xyou`20use`20read/write`20color`20cells,`20no`20other`20program`20can`20use`20t Vhe`20colors Xthat X`7B`20xv`7D Xis`20using,`20and`20vice-versa.`20`20The`20only`20reason`20you'd`20do`20such V`20a Xthing`20is`20that`20using`20read/write`20color`20cells`20allows`20the`20Apply V`20function Xin`20the`20`7B`20xv`20color`20editor`7D Xwindow`20to`20operate`20much`20faster. X X`7B`7B–perfect`20`20(Resource`20name:`20perfect`20`7B`20boolean`7D) V`7D`7D XMakes`20`7B`20xv`7D Xtry`20'extra`20hard'`20to`20get`20all`20the`20colors`20it`20wants.`20`20In Xparticular,`20when`20–perfect`20is`20specified,`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwill`20allocate`20and`20install Xits`20own`20colormap`20if`20(and`20only`20if)`20it`20was`20unable`20to`20alloc Vate`20all`20the Xdesired`20colors.`20`20This`20option`20is`20not`20allowed`20in`20conjunction V`20with`20the X–root`20option. X X`7B`7B–owncmap2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0ownCmap2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XLike`20'–perfect',`20only`20this`20option`20forces`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xto`20always`20allocate`20and Xinstall`20its`20own`20colormap,`20thereby`20leaving`20the`20default`20colormap V Xuntouched. X X`7B`7B–cecmap`20`20(Resource`20name:`20ceditColorMap`20`7B`20boolea Vn`7D)`7D`7D XSpecifies`20whether`20`7B`20xv`7D`20installs`20the`20image's`20colormap`20i Vn`20the`20`7B`20xv Xcolor`20editor`7D`20window,`20as`20well`20as`20in`20the`20image's`20window. V`20`20By`20default,`20the Xprogram`20does`20install`20the`20colormap`20in`20the`20color`20editor`20window V,`20however Xthis`20can`20occasionally`20make`20the`20color`20editor`20window`20unreadable. V`20`20(This Xoption`20only`20apples`20when`20the`20'–perfect'`20or`20'–owncmap'`20options V`20create Xtheir`20own`20colormaps.) X X`7B`7B–ninstall`20`20(Resource`20name:`20`20ninstall`20`7B`20boolea Vn`7D)`7D`7D XPrevents`20`7B`20xv`7D`20from`20'installing'`20its`20own`20colormap,`20when V`20the`20–perfect Xor`20–owncmap`20options`20are`20in`20effect.`20`20Instead`20of`20installing V`20the`20colormap, Xit`20will`20merely`20'ask`20the`20window`20manager,`20nicely'`20to`20take`20ca Vre`20of`20it.`20`20This Xis`20the`20correct`20way`20to`20install`20a`20colormap`20(`7B`20i.e.`7D, V`20ask`20the`20WM`20to`20do Xit),`20unfortunately,`20it`20doesn't`20actually`20seem`20to`20work`20in`20many V`20window Xmanagers,`20so`20the`20default`20behavior`20is`20for`20`7B`20xv`7D`20to`20h Vandle`20installation Xitself.`20`20However,`20this`20has`20been`20seen`20to`20annoy`20one`20window V`20manager`20(`7BXdxwm`7D),`20so`20this`20option`20is`20provided`20if`20your`20WM`20doesn't`20li Vke`20programs Xinstalling`20their`20own`20colormaps. X7BIPlist`7D X X`7BSection`209.5:`20`2024–bit`20Conversion`20Options`7D X XThe`20following`20options`20only`20come`20into`20play`20if`20you`20are`20using V`20 X`7B`20xv`7D Xto Xdisplay`2024–bit`20RGB`20data`20(PPM`20files,`20color`20PM`20files,`20JPEG V`20files,`20 Xthe`20output`20of`20X`7B`20bggen`7D,`20`7B`20etc.`7D).`20`20They`20have`20no`20effect`20whats Voever`20on`20how`20GIF Xpictures`20or`208–bit`20greyscale`20images`20are`20displayed. X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7B–quick242̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0quick242̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XForces`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xto`20use`20the`20'quick'`2024–bit`20to`208–bit`20conversion`20algorithm. XThis`20algorithm`20dithers`20the`20picture`20using`20a`20fixed`20set`20of`20co Vlors`20that`20span`20the Xentire`20RGB`20colorspace.`20`20In`20versions`20of`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xprior`20to`202.10,`20this`20was`20the`20default`20algorithm.`20`20It`20no`20lo Vnger`20is. X X`7B`7B–slow242̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0slow242̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XSpecifies`20that`20the`20'slow'`2024–bit`20to`208–bit`20conversion`20algorit Vhm`20is Xto`20be`20used`20by`20the`20program.`20`20This`20algorithm`20uses`20a`20versio Vn`20of`20Heckbert's Xmedian`20cut`20algorithm`20to`20pick`20the`20'best'`20colors`20on`20a`20per-im Vage`20basis,`20and`20 Xdithers`20with`20those.`20`20This`20is`20the`20current`20default`20conversion V`20algorithm. X XAdvantages:`20The`20–slow24`20algorithm`20often`20produces`20better`20looking V`20pictures Xthan`20the`20–quick24`20algorithm. X XDisadvantages:`20The`20–slow24`20algorithm`20is`20about`20half`20the`20speed V`20of`20 Xthe`20–quick24`20algorithm.`20`20Also,`20since`20the`20colors`20are`20chosen V`20on`20a`20per-image Xbasis,`20it`20can't`20be`20used`20to`20display`20multiple`20images`20simultane Vously,`20as Xeach`20image`20will`20almost`20certainly`20want`20a`20different`20set`20of`202 V56`20colors. XThe`20–quick24`20algorithm,`20however,`20uses`20the`20same`20exact`20colors V`20for`20all Ximages,`20so`20it`20can`20display`20many`20images`20simultaneously,`20without V`20running Xout`20of`20colors. X X`7B`7B–best24`20`20(Resource`20name:`20best24`20`7B`20boolean`7D) V`7D`7D XForces`20`7B`20xv`7D`20to`20use`20the`20same`20algorithm`20used`20in`20the V`20program`20`7BXppmquant`7D,`20written`20by`20Jef`20Poskanzer.`20`20This`20algorithm`20also V`20uses`20a`20version Xof`20Heckbert's`20median`20cut`20algorithm,`20but`20is`20capable`20of`20pickin Vg`20'better' Xcolors`20than`20the`20–slow24`20algorithm,`20and`20it`20`7B`20doesn't`7D V`20dither. X XAdvantages:`20`20Generally`20produces`20slightly`20better`20images`20than`20th Ve`20–slow24 Xalgorithm.`20`20Also,`20the`20images`20are`20undithered,`20so`20they`20look V`20better`20when Xexpanded. X XDisadvantages:`20`20`7B`20Much`7D`20slower`20than`20the`20–slow24`20algori Vthm.`20`20Like,`205 Xto`2010`20times`20slower.`20`20The`20images`20produced`20aren't`20`7B`20tha Vt`7D`20much`20better Xthan`20those`20produced`20by`20the`20–slow24`20algorithm. X X`7B`7B–noqcheck`20`20(Resource`20name:`20noqcheck`20`7B`20boolean V`7D)`7D`7D XTurns`20off`20a`20'quick`20check'`20that`20is`20normally`20made.`20`20Normally V,`20before Xrunning`20either`20of`20the`2024–bit`20to`208–bit`20conversion`20algorithms, V`20`7B`20xv`7D Xdetermines`20whether`20the`20picture`20to`20be`20displayed`20has`20more`20than V`20256`20unique Xcolors`20in`20it.`20`20If`20the`20picture`20doesn't,`20it`20will`20treat`20the V`20picture`20as`20an X8–bit`20colormapped`20image`20(`7B`20i.e.`7D,`20GIF),`20and`20won't`20run V`20either`20of`20the Xconversion`20algorithms. X XAdvantages:`20The`20pictures`20will`20be`20displayed`20'perfectly',`20whereas V`20if`20they Xwent`20through`20either`20of`20the`20conversion`20algorithms,`20they'd`20be V`20dithered. X XDisadvantages:`20Often`20uses`20a`20lot`20of`20colors,`20which`20limits`20the V`20ability`20to Xview`20multiple`20images`20at`20once.`20`20(See`20the`20–slow24`20option`20ab Vove`20for`20further Xinfo`20about`20color`20sharing.) X7BIPlist`7D X X`7BSection`209.6:`20`20Root`20Window`20Options`7D X X`7B`20xv`7D`20has`20the`20ability`20to`20display`20images`20on`20the`20root V`20window`20of`20an`20X Xdisplay,`20rather`20than`20opening`20its`20own`20window`20(the`20default`20beh Vavior).`20`20When Xusing`20the`20root`20window,`20the`20program`20is`20somewhat`20limited,`20beca Vuse`20the Xprogram`20cannot`20receive`20input`20events`20(key`20press`20and`20mouse`20cli Vcks)`20from`20the Xroot`20window.`20`20As`20a`20result,`20you`20cannot`20track`20pixel`20values, V`20or`20crop,`20nor Xcan`20you`20use`20keyboard`20commands`20while`20the`20mouse`20is`20in`20the V`20root`20window. X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7B–root2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀02̀0<none>)`7D`7D XDirects`20`7B`20xv`7D`20to`20display`20images`20in`20the`20root`20window, V`20instead`20of`20opening Xits`20own`20window.`20`20Exactly`20how`20the`20images`20will`20be`20displayed V`20in`20the`20root Xwindow`20is`20determined`20by`20the`20setting`20of`20the`20–rmode`20option. X X`7B`7B–rmode`20`7B`20mode`7D`20`20(Resource`20name:`20rootMode`20 V`7B`20integer`7D)`7D`7D XDetermines`20how`20images`20are`20to`20be`20displayed`20on`20the`20root`20wind Vow,`20when`20–root Xhas`20been`20specified.`20`20You`20can`20find`20the`20current`20list`20of`20'm Vodes'`20by`20using`20a Xmode`20value`20of`20'–1'.`20`20`7B`20xv`7D`20will`20complain,`20and`20show V`20a`20list`20of`20valid Xmodes.`20`20The`20current`20list`20at`20of`20the`20time`20of`20this`20writing V`20is: X`7B1`7D X`7B`7B`7D`7D X0:`09tiling X X1:`09integer`20tiling X X2:`09mirrored`20tiling X X3:`09integer`20mirrored`20tiling X X4:`09centered`20tiling X X5:`09centered`20on`20a`20solid`20background X X6:`09centered`20on`20a`20'warp'`20background X X7:`09centered`20on`20a`20'brick'`20background X`7B1`7D X`7B`7B`7D`7D XThe`20default`20mode`20is`20'0'.`20`20See`20`60`60Section`203.5:`20The`20Displ Vay`20Modes`20Menu'' Xfor`20a`20description`20of`20the`20different`20display`20modes. X X`7B`7B–noresetroot2̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0resetroot)`7D`7D XNormally,`20when`20changing`20from`20root`20to`20window`20display`20mode,`20th Ve Xroot`20is`20set`20to`20the`20standard`20X`20crosshatch`20pattern. XUsing`20–noresetroot`20or`20setting`20resetroot`20to`20false`20will`20force V`20the Xroot`20to`20remain. XThis`20is`20useful`20when`20comparing`20between`20different`20tiled`20images. X X`7B`7B–rfg2̀0X`20colorX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0rootForeground2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20'foreground'`20color`20used`20in`20some`20of`20the`20root`20displ Vay`20modes. X X`7B`7B–rbg2̀0X`20colorX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0rootBackground2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20'background'`20color`20used`20in`20some`20of`20the`20root`20displ Vay`20modes. X X`7B`7B–max2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0<none>)`7D`7D XMakes`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xautomatically`20stretch`20the`20image`20to`20the`20full`20size`20of`20the Xscreen.`20`20This`20is`20mostly`20useful`20when`20you`20want`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xto`20display`20a Xbackground.`20`20While`20you`20could`20just`20as`20well`20specify`20the`20dime Vnsions`20of Xyour`20display`20('–geom`201152x900'`20for`20example),`20the`20–max`20option V`20is Xdisplay-independent.`20`20If`20you`20suddenly`20decide`20to`20start`20working V`20on`20a X1280x1024`20display`20(ferinstance)`20the`20same`20command`20will`20still`20wo Vrk. XNote:`20If`20you`20specify`20–max`20when`20you`20aren't`20using`20–root,`20t Vhe`20behavior`20is Xslightly`20different.`20`20The`20image`20will`20be`20made`20as`20large`20as V`20possible`20while Xstill`20preserving`20the`20normal`20aspect`20ratio. X X`7B`7B–maxpect2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0<none>)`7D`7D XMakes`20the`20image`20as`20large`20as`20possible`20while`20preserving`20the V`20aspect Xratio. X X`7B`7B–quit2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0<none>)`7D`7D XMakes`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xdisplay`20the`20(first)`20specified`20file`20and`20exit,`20without`20any`20use Vr Xintervention.`20`20Since`20images`20displayed`20on`20the`20root`20window`20rem Vain`20there Xuntil`20explicitly`20cleared,`20this`20is`20very`20useful`20for`20having`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xdisplay Xbackground`20images`20on`20the`20root`20window`20in`20some`20sort`20of`20start V-up`20script. XNeedless`20to`20say,`20this`20is`20only`20useful`20if`20you`20are`20using`20– Vroot. X X`7B`7B–clear2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0<none>)`7D`7D XClears`20the`20root`20window`20of`20any`20extraneous`20X`7B`20xv`7D Ximages.`20`20Note:`20it`20is`20not Xnecessary`20to`20do`20an`20'xv`20–clear'`20before`20displaying`20another`20pi Vcture`20in Xthe`20root`20window.`20`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xwill`20detect`20that`20there's`20an`20old`20image`20in`20the`20root Xwindow`20and`20automatically`20clear`20it`20out`20(and`20free`20the`20associat Ved Xcolors). X X7BIPlist`7D X X`7BSection`209.7:`20`20Window`20Options`7D X X`7B`20xv`7D`20currently`20consists`20of`20three`20main`20windows,`20plus V`20one`20window`20for Xthe`20actual`20image.`20`20These`20three`20windows`20(the`20`7B`20xv`20cont Vrols`7D`20window,`20the X`7B`20xv`20info`7D`20window,`20and`20the`20`7B`20xv`20color`20editor`7D V`20window)`20may`20be Xautomatically`20mapped`20and`20positioned`20when`20the`20program`20starts. X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7B–cmap`20`20(Resource`20name:`20ctrlMap`20`7B`20boolean`7D) V`7D`7D XMaps`20the`20`7B`20xv`20controls`7D`20window. X X`7B`7B–cgeom2̀0X`20geomX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0ctrlGeometry2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20initial`20geometry`20of`20the`20X`7B`20xv`20controls`7Dwindow.`20`20Note:`20only`20the Xposition`20information`20is`20used.`20`20The`20window`20is`20of`20fixed`20size V. X X`7B`7B–imap2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0infoMap2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XMaps`20the`20X`7B`20xv`20info`7D Xwindow. X X`7B`7B–igeom2̀0X`20geomX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0infoGeometry2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20initial`20geometry`20of`20the`20X`7B`20xv`20info`7D Xwindow.`20`20Note:`20only`20the Xposition`20information`20is`20used.`20`20The`20window`20is`20of`20fixed`20size V. X X`7B`7B–cemap2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0ceditMap2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XMaps`20the`20X`7B`20xv`20color`20editor`7D Xwindow. X X`7B`7B–cegeom2̀0X`20geomX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0ceditGeometry2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSets`20the`20initial`20geometry`20of`20the`20 X`7B`20xv`20color`20editor`7D Xwindow.`20`20Note:`20only Xthe`20position`20information`20is`20used.`20`20The`20window`20is`20of`20fixed V`20size. X X`7B`7B–nopos2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0nopos2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XTurns`20off`20the`20'default'`20positioning`20of`20the`20various`20`7B`20xv V`7D`20windows. XEvery`20time`20you`20open`20a`20window,`20you`20will`20be`20asked`20to`20posit Vion`20it. X(Assuming`20your`20window`20manager`20asks`20you`20such`20things.`20`20`7BV`20mwm`7D,`20for Xinstance`20doesn't`20seem`20to`20ask) X X7BIPlist`7D X X`7BSection`209.8:`20`20Miscellaneous`20Options`7D X X`7BIPlist`7D X`7B`7B–mono2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0mono2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XForces`20the`20image`20to`20be`20displayed`20as`20a`20greyscale.`20`20This`20i Vs`20most`20useful Xwhen`20you`20are`20using`20certain`20greyscale`20X`20displays.`20`20While`20X`7B`20xv`7D Xattempts`20to Xdetermine`20if`20it's`20running`20on`20a`20greyscale`20display,`20many`20X`20d Visplays`20lie, Xand`20claim`20to`20be`20able`20to`20do`20color.`20`20(This`20is`20often`20beca Vuse`20they`20have Xcolor`20graphics`20boards`20hooked`20up`20to`20b/w`20monitors.`20`20The`20comp Vuter,`20of Xcourse,`20has`20no`20way`20of`20knowing`20what`20type`20of`20monitor`20is`20at Vtached.)`20`20On Xthese`20displays,`20if`20you`20don't`20specify`20–mono,`20what`20you`20will V`20see`20is`20a Xgreyscale`20representation`20of`20one`20of`20the`20RGB`20outputs`20of`20the V`20system. X(For`20example,`20you'll`20see`20the`20'red'`20output`20on`20our`20greyscale V`20Sun`203/60s.) XThe`20–mono`20option`20corrects`20this`20behavior. X X`7B`7B–white2̀0X`20colorX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0white2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSpecifies`20the`20'white'`20color`20used`20when`20the`20picture`20is`20b/w`20s Vtippled. X(When`20'–ncols`200'`20has`20been`20specified.) X X`7B`7B–black2̀0X`20colorX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0black2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XSpecifies`20the`20'black'`20color`20used`20when`20the`20picture`20is`20b/w`20s Vtippled. X(When`20'–ncols`200'`20has`20been`20specified.) X XTry`20something`20like:`20'xv`20–ncols`200`20–bl`20red`20–wh`20yellow`20< Vfilename>'`20 Xfor`20some`20interesting,`20late-'60s-style`20psychodelia`20effects. X X`7B`7B–wait`20`7B`20secs`7D`20`20(Resource`20name:`20<none>) V`7D`7D XTurns`20on`20a`20'slide-show'`20feature.`20`20Normally,`20if`20you`20specify V`20multiple`20input Xfiles,`20`7B`20xv`7D`20will`20display`20the`20first`20one,`20and`20wait`20f Vor`20you`20to`20give`20the X`7B`20Next`7D`20command`20(or`20whatever).`20`20The`20–wait`20option`20mak Ves`20`7B`20xv`7D`20wait Xthe`20specified`20number`20of`20seconds,`20and`20then`20go`20on`20to`20the`20n Vext`20picture, Xwithout`20any`20user`20intervention.`20`20The`20program`20still`20accepts`20co Vmmands,`20so Xit's`20possible`20to`20'abort'`20the`20current`20picture`20without`20waiting V`20the`20full Xspecified`20time`20by`20using`20the`20X X`7B`7B–wloop2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0<none>)`7D`7D XNormally,`20when`20running`20a`20slide-show`20with`20the`20–wait`20option, V`20`7B`20xv`7D`20will Xterminate`20after`20displaying`20the`20last`20image.`20`20If`20you`20also`20sp Vecify`20the X–wloop`20option,`20the`20program`20will`20loop`20back`20to`20the`20first`20im Vage`20and Xcontinue`20the`20slide-show`20until`20the`20user`20issues`20the`20Quit`20comma Vnd. X X`7B`7B–rgb2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0hsvMode2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XSpecifies`20that,`20by`20default,`20the`20colormap`20editing`20dials`20in`20th Ve`20X`7B`20xv`20color`20editor`7D Xwindow`20should`20be`20in`20RGB`20mode.`20`20This`20is`20the`20normal`20defaul Vt Xbehavior. X X`7B`7B–hsv2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0hsvMode2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XSpecifies`20that,`20by`20default,`20the`20colormap`20editing`20dials`20in`20th Ve`20X`7B`20xv`20color`20editor`7D Xwindow`20should`20be`20in`20HSV`20mode. X X`7B`7B–dither`20`20(Resouce`20name:`20autoDither`20`7B`20boolean V`7D)`7D`7D XWhen`20specified,`20tells`20`7B`20xv`7D`20to`20automatically`20issue`20a V`20`7B`20Dither`7D Xcommand`20whenever`20an`20image`20is`20first`20displayed.`20`20Useful`20on`20d Visplays`20with Xlimited`20color`20capabilities`20(4–bit`20and`206–bit`20displays.) X X`7B`7B–smooth2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀02̀0autoSmooth2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XWhen`20specified,`20tells`20`7B`20xv`7D`20to`20automatically`20issue`20a V`20`7B`20Smooth`7D Xcommand`20whenever`20an`20image`20is`20first`20displayed.`20`20This`20is`20use Vful`20when`20you Xare`20using`20one`20of`20the`20image`20sizing`20options`20(such`20as`20'–expa Vnd'`20or X'–max'). X X`7B`7B–crop2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0autoCrop2̀0X`20booleanX)`7D`7D XWhen`20specified,`20tells`20`7B`20xv`7D`20to`20automatically`20issue`20an V`20`7B`20AutoCrop`7D Xcommand`20whenever`20an`20image`20is`20first`20displayed. X X`7B`7B–visual2̀0X`20vistypeX2̀02̀0(Resource2̀0name:2̀0visual2̀0X`20stringX)`7D`7D XNormally,`20`7B`20xv`7D`20uses`20the`20default`20visual`20model`20provided V`20by`20your`20X Xserver.`20`20You`20can`20override`20this`20by`20explicitly`20selecting`20a`20v Visual`20to`20use. XValid`20types`20are`20`7B`20StaticGray,`20StaticColor,`20TrueColor,`20GrayS Vcale, XPseudoColor,`7D`20and`20`7B`20DirectColor`7D.`20`20Not`20all`20of`20these V`20are`20necessarily +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+- END OF PART 7 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-